Chapter 313 Chapter 312 Jingzong Li Yuanhao

Li Yuanhao is the founder of Daxia.Also known as Nianxiao, the small character Weili.His father, Li Deming, was conferred the title of Great Xia King by the Liao Dynasty and the Xia King by Song Renzong.His mother is Queen Wei Mu of Huici Dunai.He was born in the sixth year of Xianping in the Northern Song Dynasty, and died in the eleventh year of Yanzuo (the second year of Qingli in the Northern Song Dynasty).Reigned from 1032 to 1048 AD. In the second year of Li Yuanhao's birth, his father Deming succeeded the post of Jiedushi of the Dingnan Army. Deming pursued the policy of uniting the Liao Dynasty and the Song Dynasty, which brought a relatively stable environment for the Dangxiang tribe.Li Yuanhao grew up in superior living conditions, but developed a rebellious character.

When Li Yuanhao was a teenager, he didn't understand his father's policy of harmony and barter in the Song Dynasty. Once Deming sent an envoy to the Song Dynasty to exchange horses for things. Because the goods in exchange were not satisfactory, he beheaded the envoy in a rage.Li Yuanhao was very dissatisfied when he saw it, and said to Deming: "Our party has always been engaged in pommel horses. Now it is not a good idea for you to exchange the horses you urgently need for the unurgent things of the Song Dynasty, and you want to kill people casually. If this continues, Who else is willing to use it for us?" Hearing Li Yuanhao's words, Deming felt that his son had such insight at such a young age, and was very happy, and from then on he paid special attention to Li Yuanhao, allowing him to participate in some important military affairs.

When Li Yuanhao grew up, he was particularly disgusted with Deming's servility to Song.Once, the father and son had a quarrel over this.Deming felt that it was necessary to enlighten his son and let him know the importance of judging the situation. He encouraged his son with simple words: "Since your grandfather, our Xixia has been very tired due to continuous wars with the Song Dynasty for many years. It has been nearly 30 years since the end of the war. Over the past few years, our subordinates have been able to wear brocade from the Song Dynasty. This is the kindness of the Song Dynasty!" Li Yuanhao refused to accept it, and retorted: "Wearing fur clothes, herding sheep and horses, this is the true nature of our Dangxiang clan, why bother?" How about changing ourselves according to the habits of the Song Dynasty? As a hero, we should pursue the great cause of being king and hegemony, why only see a little brocade?” He also persuaded Deming: “Our tribe is growing more and more prosperous. It is far from enough to rely on our own financial resources to support our people. If we lose our people, who will guard our land? It is better to use the salary we got from the Song Dynasty to recruit our party members Everyone, practice bows and arrows, in this way, small ones can conquer the four elements, large ones can invade the territory, and make our whole clan rich and prosperous, this is the best strategy." But Deming did not adopt Li Yuanhao's opinion.

In October of the first year of Ming Dao (AD 1032), Deming died, and the 28-year-old Li Yuanhao logically inherited his father's position. Although the sphere of influence in the Deming period included a vast area from Hetao to Qilian Mountains, because most of the ethnic minority tribes in this area lived on nomads, they were relatively scattered and difficult to govern. In fact, some tribes did not really belong to Deming.In order to avenge the killing of his father, Deming attacked and killed the Tubo leader Pan Luozhi in one fell swoop, and took advantage of the victory to take back Liangzhou, which was occupied by Pan Luozhi's younger brother Siduodu.However, the other tribes of the Liugu tribe led by the Pan Luozhi brothers defected to another Tibetan tribe, Zhesiluo.

Li Yuanhao launched several attacks on the Hehuang area of ​​Tubo in an attempt to severely punish Zun Siluo, but he failed in several battles.From the first year of Mingdao (AD 1032), the beginning of Li Yuanhao's succession to the third year of Jingyou (AD 1036), Li Yuanhao finally took advantage of the civil strife in Jisiluo, and used separatist tactics to lure another leader of Tubo, Yingcheng Yulong, to join him. Become a family with children.In this way, the power of Jisiluo was greatly reduced, so he had to move to Lijing City.Li Yuanhao's goal of weakening Zong Siluo was finally achieved.

After solving the problem of Tubo, Li Yuanhao then sent his troops westward to capture the Uyghur Guazhou (now Anxi, Gansu), Shazhou (now Dunhuang, Gansu), and Suzhou (now Jiuquan, Gansu), completely controlling the Hexi Corridor. When Li Yuanhao succeeded to the throne, he took over the stall that his father had run for more than 20 years.Judging from the external environment, Liao and Song continued to pursue a win-win policy towards party items.When Li Yuanhao sent an envoy to report mourning to Liao Dynasty, Liao Xingzong Yeluzong sent Xiao Conshun and others to Xingzhou with the title of Xuanhui South Court envoy to Xingzhou, named Li Yuanhao the king of Xia, and gave him a generous gift.When Li Yuanhao's mourning emissary arrived in Kaifeng, the capital of Song Dynasty, Song Renzong not only issued an edict to "stop court for three days" to express his condolences, but also personally changed plain clothes with the empress dowager and went to the curtain hall to pay homage to Deming, expressing high courtesy.

From the perspective of internal conditions, Li Yuanhao's own position is quite stable, and his prestige in the party aristocratic group is very high. He often expresses his desire to become emperor on his own and build a strong country, which has almost no obstacles in the clan.When Li Yuanhao was newly established, he accelerated the pace of proclaiming himself emperor. Li Yuanhao is different from his father Deming. He does not blindly follow the civil and military system of the Han landlord dynasty like Deming, but pays special attention to preserving and developing the cultural characteristics of the party nation itself.

First of all, Li Yuanhao issued a "bald hair order" in the year he came to the throne (AD 1032), stipulating that all party members should shave their heads, wear heavy rings in their ears, and he took the lead in implementing it.This mandatory order was very harsh, with a time limit of three days, and those who refused to obey were sentenced to death. Changing hair style, clothing also changes.He himself is dressed in a white narrow shirt and a red felt crown with a red ribbon hanging from the back of the crown.In this way, the red and white colors complement each other, bright and luxurious.He stipulated that civil servants must wear Futou, boots, purple or red clothes, and hold a wat; military officers must wear different crowns and hats, such as gold-posted cloud-cut crowns, silver-posted gold-cut crowns, and black-lacquered crowns, according to their official positions. Clothes are purple shirts, gold-painted silver belts hanging down, scorpions, and boots; they must also wear knot-relieving vertebrae, short knives, bows and arrows; horses must use fish leather saddles, and hang red tassels.Low-level officials do not wear crowns, and non-official party members are only allowed to wear green clothes.In this way, civil and military, respect and inferiority are all distinguished from clothing.

Secondly, Li Yuanhao promulgated his year name.Originally, Dangxiang did not have its own year name, because they surrendered to the Song Dynasty, they only used the Song Dynasty emperor's year name to indicate the Song Dynasty Zhengshuo.Li Yuanhao first used the title of Mingdao in the Song Dynasty to violate the name taboo of his father Deming, so he announced that "Mingdao" would be changed to "Xiandao" and then "Kaiyun" in the Dangxiang territory.Not long after the name was changed, he heard that the year name of Kaiyun was exactly the same as that of Shi Chonggui, the last emperor of the late Jin Dynasty in the Five Dynasties, and felt very unlucky, so he couldn't wait to change Kaiyun to Guangyun, so Guangyun became Li Yuanhao's official year name.

After Li Yuanhao succeeded to the throne, he personally planned and created the party writing. He ordered the minister Nori Renrong and others to refer to Chinese characters, interpret them, and compile 12 volumes of "Fanshu".It is characterized by the synthesis of upper and lower characters similar to the pinyin structure method and the richness of left and right interchangeable characters, forming a unique party character.Li Yuanhao attached great importance to the creation of Dangxiang characters, and declared them as "national characters" after the creation of Fanshu.On the day of promulgation, the whole country celebrated, and changed the three years of Guangyun to the first year of Daqing.Li Yuanhao specially set up the "Fanzi Academy" and "Chinese Character Academy" to select party members and Han people to be admitted to the academy, and was responsible for translating the proclamations and espionages commonly used in the middle school into "Fanshu".The creation of Xixia characters played an important role in Chinese historical documents.

In addition, Li Yuanhao also accomplished several major events: (1) Establishing the capital of Xingqing Mansion.Li Yuanhao changed the capital Xingzhou in the Deming era to Xingqingfu as the capital, and expanded it after Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty and Tokyo in the Song Dynasty. (2) Official system.Li Yuanhao set up civil and military officials with reference to the official system of the Song Dynasty. Most of the official positions and official names imitated the Song Dynasty.Central officials can serve regardless of party members or Han Chinese.However, official titles all have so-called "fan names", that is, names in party language, such as Ning Ling, Mo Ning Ling, Ding Lu, Su He... and so on. (3) Build an army. In the short six years since Li Yuanhao took the throne, he quickly completed preparations for politics, military affairs, and culture. On October 11th in the third year of Li Yuanhao's Daqing (AD 1038), a high altar was built in the southern suburbs of Xingqing Prefecture. With the support of Ye Lirenrong, Yang Shousu and other trusted ministers, 30-year-old Li Yuanhao ascended the throne of the emperor , the name of the country was Daxia, and the Yuan was changed to "Heaven-given etiquette and law Yanzuo".At the same time, he enfeoffed all the officials, pursued his ancestors, made his wife Yeli the Empress Xiancheng, and established his son Ningming as the crown prince. In the first month of the second year of Yanzuo (1039 A.D.), Li Yuanhao sent envoys to present a seal to Song Renzong.Although Biaozhang is still a courtier in name, his tone is very tough.After reviewing the historical relationship between Xixia and the Song Dynasty and his own achievements, Li Yuanhao publicly declared that he "is not happy to be king, but he is obedient to the emperor", expressing his firm determination to "build a state of ten thousand chariots". Song Renzong looked at Li Yuanhao's badge, and was really angry and sad. He was very angry, but he didn't dare to attack, so he had to take care of the horses and camels who wanted to "meet the envoys well", but refused to accept the tribute.The Xixia envoys did not show any weakness, and also refused to accept gifts from the Song Dynasty equally. Song Renzong's weakness and incompetence caused Li Yuanhao's ambition to invade the south to expand rapidly, and the Song Xia War broke out immediately. In the next four short years, Li Yuanhao's dominance became more consolidated, and in northern China, the three pillars of Song, Liao, and Xia were established.The situation in which Song Xia negotiated peace was also formed.In the end, Li Yuanhao proclaimed himself a minister to Song in the name of "Lord Xia", and sent an "oath" to accept the peace.At this point, Xia and Song's negotiations came to an end, and the Song Dynasty bought Li Yuanhao's oath to be a minister at a price of 255,000 per year. At this time, the superficial "nephew and uncle" between Xia and Liao gradually became cold, and finally in October of the seventh year of Yanzuo, the relationship between the two parties broke down and a war broke out. After Li Yuanhao won a big victory in the battle on the south wall of Desheng Temple in Hequ, he immediately sent envoys to negotiate with Liao Dynasty by "seeking peace in victory".Because Li Yuanhao knew that his strength was not as good as that of the Liao Dynasty. If the two sides were in a state of war for a long time, it would be very bad for him, so he wisely decided to end in peace. Since he was on the winning side, it would be more beneficial to negotiate.He also made an exception to exempt the captured Liao consort Xiao Hudu from the punishment of "cutting the nose" and released him back to Liao.For Li Yuanhao, the outcome of winning the Battle of the South Wall was mainly to make the Liao Dynasty face up to Xixia's military strength and recognize Xixia's political independence. During Li Yuanhao's reign, in order to consolidate his throne, he took various measures to achieve the goal of authoritarian centralization.He was the founding emperor of the Dangxiang clan and a brutal tyrant.In order to eliminate dissidents and prevent foreign relatives from usurping power, he implemented the policy of "severe punishment and killing" and killed his biological mother, the empress dowager Mu's family, even the biological mother was not spared.He used to be good at recruiting talents, reused the scholars Zhang Yuan and Wu Hao who had defected from the Song Dynasty, and even entrusted them with the post of "National Prime Minister" so that they could contribute to his establishment of the emperor.But because of his suspicion and suspicion, he fell into the Song Dynasty's scheme of divorce, and killed Yeli Renrong and Yuqi brothers who were used to fighting and were hated by the Song Dynasty's border commanders. Not spared. After Li Yuanhao proclaimed himself emperor, he lived a life of extravagance and prostitution.Li Yuanhao loved Ye Li's family the most, and was once named Empress Xiancheng.Nori is beautiful and charming, and Li Yuanhao loves and fears her. He once ordered no one to wear the "cloud crown" woven with gold thread that Nori likes to use. Later, Nori's brothers were killed, and Nori's queen was killed. Imprisoned in another palace, gradually fell out of favor. The Wuzang family, who was born in the Dangxiang family, was born slim and beautiful. She was once the wife of the minister Ye Liyuqi, and later Ye Liyuqi was killed by Li Yuanhao.Li Yuanhao originally wanted to be the prince Ning Ling Ge Nami Zang's family as his wife, but because of his beauty, he welcomed her into the palace and had an affair with her.On February 6th, the tenth year of Yanzuo's rites (1047 AD), Li Yuanhao was taking the Wuzang family out hunting, and they were stationed by the Liangcha River. The Wuzang family gave birth to a son, named Ningling Liangzuo, "Ningling "It is the meaning of joy in the party language.This is Xia Yizong Liangzuo, who later succeeded Li Yuanhao as emperor, and Liangzuo is a homonym for two.The Wuzang family is more expensive because of having children, and they are even more proud and favored.However, because the Wuzang family was not tolerated by the queen Ye Li's family, Li Yuanhao had no choice but to place her in a monastery and declared to the outside world that she had become a nun. After Ningling Liangzuo was born, because his biological mother was a nun, it was inconvenient to take him back to the palace to be raised, so he was fostered in the family of Meizang Yepang, the elder brother of the Meizang family.Li Yuanhao promoted Meizang Yepang to be the Prime Minister of the State, and he learned from the State Affairs Commission that he and the concubines had fun in the Li Palace of Helan Mountain, which caused a change in the palace. Li Yuanhao's queen Yeli had three sons. The eldest son Ning Mingchu was named the prince.Later, he died due to Qi disobedience during practice and could not eat.The third son, Xili, died early.Only the second son Ning Ling, who looks exactly like Li Yuanhao, is very favored, pampered and pampered, and let him do whatever he wants.Once the eldest son Ning Ming died, brother Ning Ling immediately became the prince, and he was even more confident. Later, Prince Ning Lingge was deposed because his mother Yeli family fell out of favor, and because Li Yuanhao took away the Wuzang family he had taken as his wife, he was very angry.Although Wuzang's elder brother, Wuzang Yepang, was in the position of prime minister, he still regarded nurturing Ningling Liangzuo as a patent. Therefore, the brothers and sisters of the Wuzang family planned to abolish the prince Ningling and make Liangzuo emperor.When they learned that Brother Ning Ling had a relationship of sorrow and hatred, and was eager to take revenge, they resorted to the trick of borrowing a knife to get rid of Brother Ning Ling. Wuzang Yepang sent someone to contact Brother Ning Ling, pretending to help Brother Ning Ling launch a coup and assassinate Li Yuanhao.Brother Ningling was so credulous that he secretly contacted Lang Lie and others from the Yeli tribe, waiting to do it. On the day of the Lantern Festival in the eleventh year of Yanzuo's ceremony, Li Yuanhao drank until late at night, returned to the palace drunk, and was about to enter the bedroom when he suddenly saw Brother Ning Ling rushing in with a sword and swiping at him. Cut it all off.At this time, Wuzang Yepang's soldiers who had ambushed around the palace gate jumped out one after another to rescue Li Yuanhao.Brother Ningling escaped from the palace and went straight to Huanglu, the residence of Wuzang Yepang, to hide. He happened to throw himself into a trap, was captured by Wuzang Yepang, and was executed together with his mother. Li Yuanhao's nose was cut off, the pain was unbearable, he was shocked and angry, and died overnight.He died like this in the civil strife in the palace.He is 45 years old and has been in power for 11 years.