Chapter 286 Chapter 285 Gongzong Zhao Xian

Song Gongzong, whose name is Xian, is the eldest son of Du, and his mother is Queen Quan.Born in Lin'an in the seventh year of Xianchun (AD 1271).Reigned from 1274 to 1276 AD. Song Gongzong Zhao Xi, also known as Shaodi and Youdi, was also called Emperor Deyou because of his reign title Deyou.He went from a child to an emperor, from an emperor to a prisoner, from a prisoner to a monk, and finally was inexplicably given to death by the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty. In the tenth year of Xianchun, Du Zong fell ill, and the crown prince was declared heir. Since the new king was just 4 years old, the officials asked Empress Lizong to listen to the government behind the curtain.

When Gongzong entered the political arena when he was young, the Song Dynasty was already on the verge of collapse.The Mongolian iron cavalry continued to advance south, and the situation was beyond control. In the first half of the tenth year of Xianchun, after the Yuan army captured Xiangfan, Kublai Khan ordered to dispatch troops and generals, and decided to take the last blow to the small court of the Southern Song Dynasty without losing the opportunity.He appointed Boyan as the commander-in-chief, advancing both land and water to eliminate the Southern Song Dynasty.In September, Boyan's 200,000 troops were divided into two groups: one led by Bo Luohuan and Liu Zheng, attacked Huainan and took Yangzhou; , starting from Xiangyang, went eastward along the Yangtze River, and captured Hangzhou.

However, Jia Sidao was still in power in the small court of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the Song army's resistance was powerless, and one city after another continued to fall.After Jia Sidao fled to Yangzhou, he did not prepare for the battle, but wrote a letter requesting the emperor to move the capital. Due to the opposition of some ministers, the empress dowager did not agree. Chen Yizhong, Shangshu of the Ministry of Punishments, was promoted to power in a short period of time because of his attachment to Jia Sidao.After Jia Sidao escaped, Chen Yizhong considered that Jia Sidao might be dead at this time, and even if he did not die, he would lose power, so he wrote to the Empress Dowager, asking Jia Sidao to be punished for the crime of wronging the country.The Empress Dowager Xie tried her best to protect Jia Sidao, but only dismissed the important military affairs of Pingzhang and the post of governor of the army and horses set up for him. Jia Sidao committed a heinous crime. .

In July, the imperial students and the admonishing attendants went to the court one after another to ask to kill Jia Sidao. The Empress Dowager Xie had no choice but to demote Jia Sidao to three levels and ordered him to go back to Shaoxing's private house to mourn for his mother.Jia Sidao had no choice but to go back to Shaoxing, but the local officials in Shaoxing closed the city gates to prevent him from entering.So the imperial court ordered Jia Sidao to live in Wuzhou (now Jinhua, Zhejiang).The heinous crimes committed by Jia Sidao are not tolerated by everyone.Therefore, another censor, Sun Rongsou, etc. wrote a letter requesting that Jia Sidao be beheaded to be executed, but the Empress Dowager Xie still refused, so he had to demote Jia Sidao as a training envoy of the Gaozhou regiment, and sent people to Xunzhou for resettlement, and confiscated him in Lin'an. And Taizhou's family property.

Jia Sidao did a lot of evil, everyone hated him, Fu Wang Zhao Yurui recruited escorts who could kill him on the way, Kuaiji County Wei Zheng Huchen gladly applied.During the escort, Zheng Huchen removed the top cover of Jia Sidao's sedan chair, so that he could be exposed to the scorching sun of early autumn.While walking, the bearers sang their own songs in Hangzhou dialect and mocked Jia Sidao to their heart's content. How could Jia Sidao, who has been domineering for a long time, bear this feeling.When he walked to Mumian Nunnery five miles south of Zhangzhou City in September, he thought about his crimes and knew that he would die, so he committed suicide by taking borneol. He did not die immediately, but had frequent diarrhea.Zheng Huchen went into the toilet and threw Jia Sidao to death.

On November 18, the Yuan army launched a general attack. Two days later, the city of Changzhou was destroyed. Tens of thousands of people were killed in the city. Only seven people survived by lying under the bridge.Yuan soldiers then captured Dusong Pass again, and Lin'an was at stake. At the end of November, the people in Lin'an were panic-stricken. Chen Yizhong was prime minister, and the soldiers were separated. The city fell or was destroyed, and there were not many left.Many courtiers in the Southern Song Dynasty also had no fighting spirit.Zuo Xiangliu Mengyan abandoned his official position and fled. Empress Dowager Xie ordered Wu Jian to be Prime Minister Zuo. When the announcement was made in the court, there were only 6 civil servants who came to the court. Empress Dowager Xie felt sad again.In March of this year, the Yuan army approached Lin'an for the first time, and martial law was imposed in Lin'an City. Dozens of ministers including the privy secretary Zeng Yuanzi fled at night, and the court was completely empty.Empress Dowager Xie had no choice but to send envoy Liu Yue to the Yuan army to ask Boyan to withdraw and make peace.Boyan said: "Your country wins the world and loses it to the child. The way of heaven is just like this, so what else can I say?" Rejecting the request of the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Yue had no choice but to return it.Boyan went to Pingjiang, and Chen Yizhong sent Lu Xiufu, Liu Yue and others as envoys to the Yuan army again, willing to be called nephew and accept coins, and if he agreed, he would be called grandnephew again.Boyan Xingshi mobilized the crowd, and what he wanted was the great Song Dynasty. He flatly rejected the request of the Southern Song Dynasty.The next night, the vanguard of the Yuan army arrived at Beixinguan on the outskirts of Lin'an.Wen Tianxiang, Zhang Shijie and other ministers asked the three palaces (Empress Dowager, Empress Dowager, and Shaodi) to take refuge at sea and lead their troops to fight against the city.Chen Yizhong thought it was risky to do so and did not agree, but secretly made a plan to surrender for Queen Mother Xie.Empress Dowager Xie also believed that the Song Dynasty was exhausted, and that it was impossible to fight, defend, or leave, and the only way to go was to surrender.On the 18th day of the first lunar month, Empress Dowager Xie sent minister Yang Yingkui to the Yuan army to present the jade seal of the state, and handed over the form of surrender, begging the commander of the Yuan army, Boyan, to be sympathetic to the virtue of God's good life, open the net on three sides, and continue the Song Dynasty Guozuo.

On the fifth day of February, under Boyan's careful planning, a surrender ceremony was held in the imperial city of Lin'an.On this day, the little emperor, who took off his yellow robe, led the civil servants and military generals who surrendered to the Yuan Dynasty to announce his formal abdication, and sent envoys to all states and counties to surrender.Subsequently, Yuan generals Zhang Hongfan and Sodu, etc., took over the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty under the order of Boyan, abolished the government office and the royal guard, closed the treasury, and confiscated the archives of the historical museum and the seals of hundreds of officials.In March, Boyan entered Lin'an as a victor. Empress Dowager Xie planned to have an audience with the little emperor, but Boyan refused.The next day, the Yuan army sent someone to send the imperial edict of Yuan Shizu, asking the young emperor to go to Dadu (now Beijing) to have an audience with the Yuan emperor.The envoy entered the palace to read out the imperial edict, and when he read the ceremony of tying the sheep around his neck, his mother Quan cried and said: "Thanks to the kindness of the Holy Son of Heaven, I spared your life, so hurry up and thank you!" The 7-year-old Shaodi was ignorant, With the support of the crowd, he knelt down and saluted, and then left Lin'an with his mother, Queen Mother Quan, and a few attendants to go north.Empress Dowager Xie postponed her departure due to illness, and was soon escorted to Dadu.The 150-year-old Southern Song Dynasty in Pian'an has now come to an end, and the Zhao Song Dynasty's rule that began in 960 AD has come to an end.

In March of the second year of Deyou (AD 1276), Emperor Shao was taken captive and went north.All the way in desolation, panic and sorrow, I arrived in Dadu on May 2.Although they were passing through Guazhou (now southeast of Yangzhou, Jiangsu) and Zhenzhou (now Yizheng, Jiangsu), the Song army blocked the road many times to rescue them, but there was nothing they could do.After the young emperor arrived in Dadu, he was granted the title of Duke Ying. At the end of the nineteenth year of the Yuan Dynasty (AD 1282), Kublai Khan suddenly issued an edict saying: Duke Ying is not suitable to live in Dadu, and should immediately move to Shangdu (now the north bank of the East Lightning River in Zhenglan Banner, Inner Mongolia).In the first month of the second year, the young emperor's mother, the Empress Dowager Quan, was ordered to shave her hair and become a nun, and lived in Zhengzhi Temple in Dadu, where she died quietly afterwards.

In the winter of the twenty-fifth year of the Yuan Dynasty, Kublai Khan suddenly rewarded Ying Guogong with a lot of money, and the 19-year-old Shaodi couldn't help being flattered.But 10 days later, Kublai Khan issued an edict to let him go to Tubo to learn Buddhism, and he will set off on the same day without any mistakes.In this way, an emperor who once ruled the world became a monk. When Ying Guogong arrived in Tubo, he lived in the Sakya Monastery for a long time. He quickly learned Tibetan and Tibetan. In the third year of Zhizhi (1323 A.D.), Duke Ying, who was over half a hundred years old, was given to die in Hexi (now Hexi Corridor, Gansu).The posthumous title is "Emperor Gong", but there is no temple title.