Chapter 279 Chapter 278 Qinzong Zhao Huan

Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty was originally named Dan, but later changed his name to Xuan, and then changed to Huan.He is the eldest son of Huizong, and his mother is Queen Gong.He was born in the third year of Song Yuanfu, and died in the 30th year of Shaoxing, Emperor Gaozong of the Southern Song Dynasty.56 years old. Zhao Huan was born four months after his father became emperor.Five months after he was born, he was granted the title of Taiwei, the Jiedushi of Shandong Dongdao, and the Duke of South Korea.In June of the following year, the third division of Yitong was opened, and King Jingzhao was granted the title.In the first year of Chongning (1102 A.D.), it was renamed Zhaoxuan in February and Huan in August.

In the first month of the second year of Daguan, Zhao Huanjin became king of Ding, went out to study, and began to study.Often homework is nothing more than "Li", "Yi", "Shangshu" and other classics and "Hanshu" and other historical books, as well as articles, poems and prose. Although his qualifications are not very dull, he is not considered intelligent either. Scripture often takes days to recite.Fortunately, he is more diligent in studying and writing, treats people with humility and courtesy, and slowly leaves a good impression of being smart, benevolent and filial.In a blink of an eye, Zhao Huan was already 20 years old, and after being crowned, he was considered an adult.Song Huizong, who had been on the throne for 16 years in the fifth year of Zhenghe (AD 1115), felt that it was time to follow the example of the previous kings and establish a crown prince, and the establishment of the eldest son is a common rule in ancient and modern times, so the title of crown prince naturally fell to Zhao Huan. .In order to keep this position, he became more cautious.In order to show his respect, thrift and humility, when he visited the Taimiao, please don't ride in gold, don't use stewed books, just ride a horse in regular clothes, and ask the officials not to call him a minister.After living in the East Palace, he asked to reduce the affairs of various departments in the East Palace and save granary food.In order to show his eagerness to learn, he requested that besides greetings, sleeping and eating, he would invite academic officials to give lectures in the hall whenever he had a little spare time, no matter morning or evening.Even so, Zhao Huan's position as prince was not very secure.Because Song Huizong's favorite son is not him, but the third son Yun Wang Zhao Kai.

In the winter of the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125 A.D.), Huizong's attitude towards Zhao Huan became more intimate with the massive invasion of the south by Jin soldiers.On December 20, when he sent Yubi to worship Zhao Huan as Kaifeng Shepherd, he deliberately stated repeatedly that this appointment was not based on the Jianming of the left and right ministers, but was based on Chen's judgment, in order to show his trust in the crown prince.The next day, when Zhao Huan entered the court to greet him, Huizong specially gave him a jade belt that only the emperor could wear. On December 23, the seventh year of Xuanhe (1125 A.D.), Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty decided to abdicate the throne to his son, and urgently ordered Prince Zhao Huan to come.Guided by the small yellow gate, Zhao Huan walked into the East Pavilion of Baohe Hall. After prostrating, he raised his head and saw Huizong half lying on the couch, surrounded by ministers and ministers, he was secretly surprised.Grand Master Tong Guan and Shao Zai Li Bangyan shook off a collar of imperial robes and put them on Zhao Huan.Zhao Huan trembled nervously, his face turned pale, his knees softened, and he knelt down again, staring straight at his eyes, burst into tears, refused to accept, and threw himself up while crying, the imperial robe Also thrown aside.Huizong wrote on the paper again: "If you don't accept it, you will be unfilial."Zhao Huan took it over and took a look, choked up and said, "If the minister accepts it, he will be unfilial." Zhao Huan raised his tearful eyes and said hoarsely, "The father and the emperor are not well, and the minister will be hard to obey." Zhao Huan was ordered to go to Funing Palace to ascend the throne.After a short pause, the servant even dragged Zhao Huan forward.Walking to the west gate of the Funing Hall, the ministers who had been waiting there for a long time to kneel down and congratulate him also stepped forward to help, and finally embraced Zhao Huan into the hall.People originally wanted to help Zhao Huan ascend to the throne, but they saw that he was limp and weak, and fainted, so they had to lift him to the couch in a hurry.

At this time, it was already dark, and the inner palace was shrouded in twilight.The civil and military officials who were called to participate in the inner Zen ceremony had already formed an order in His Royal Highness Chui Gong.The ministers in charge came here, discussed again and again, and decided not to wait for the crown prince to ascend the throne, but to issue an edict first. After Dazai Bai Shizhong Lang Sheng read out the Zen edict, all the officials expressed their wish to see the new emperor, and refused to retreat.The prime minister took measures to stand in the hall, and he didn't know what the trick was.The great eunuch Liang Shicheng came from the harem and said to everyone: "The emperor embraced himself to the Funing Palace and is still unconscious."When the officials heard the words, there was a lot of discussion, and the prime ministers looked at each other in blank dismay, and even lost their opinions.Just now when Zhao Huan refused to accept orders in the Palace of Preservation, Li Bangyan suggested that Geng Nanzhong, an official of the East Palace whom Zhao Huan had always been close to, be summoned to wait in the palace. In the palace, an imperial edict was proposed to announce the imperial doctor and withdraw the officials. The way is tonight and not to the imperial palace.

The next day, after another firm resignation, Zhao Huan finally accepted the congratulations from all the officials in Yuchui Gongdian and became emperor.It is for Qinzong. After assuming the throne, Qinzong came to the Imperial Palace every day to meet the officials, review the Quartet Reports and the chapters written by the scholars and the people. He was often busy until midnight without resting.But he is at most a person of average ability, weak and inconsiderate, suspicious and changeable, lacking the basic ability and courage of a politician, he can't distinguish many things that are clearly in front of him, let alone have any foresight omitted.

The beginning of the rule of the new emperor coincided with the end of the year. According to the convention, the new emperor would change the Yuan after more than one year since he ascended the throne. On the second day of the first lunar month in the first year of Jingkang (1126 A.D.), Qinzong also issued an edict to prepare for the personal conquest, and appointed Wu Min as the deputy envoy of the personal conquest. Staff officer, gather troops and horses in front of the hall.However, the next day, Junzhou (now northeast of Huaxian County, Henan Province) fell. After the news of Jin Bing crossing the river, the city of Bianjing suddenly exploded. They also packed up their personal belongings one after another, and fled with their wives and belts.

On the fourth day of the lunar new year, martial law was enforced in the capital. At dawn, Qinzong gathered in the Hall of Yanhe to discuss matters. Everyone suggested going to Xiangdeng (now Xiangfan, Hubei), and Qinzong basically agreed.While speaking, Li Gang, the servant of the Ministry of War, made an exception and went to the hall, and said: "There is a lot of discussion on the street, saying that the governor wants to serve His Majesty to go hunting to avoid the enemy. If this is the case, the clan society will be in danger. The emperor will pass on the throne to His Majesty, and now let it go." Let's go, okay?" The servant Chen Liangbi turned around and said, "The construction of the oar tower in the capital is less than one or two, and the Haohe River in the Fanjiagang area in the east of the city is shallow and narrow, and it is absolutely difficult to defend."It can be defended but not defended. Both sides hold one end, which makes Qinzong lose his claim.Li Gang said with emotion: "Your Majesty does not regard ministers as cowardly. If you manage the army, you are willing to die! It's just that people are humble and low-ranking, and they are not enough to subdue soldiers." Qinzong immediately promoted him to Shangshu Youcheng, and then retreated to the court. Diet seems to have accepted Li Gang's firm suggestion.

Unexpectedly, after the meal, Qinzong said that he still had to continue to discuss the plan to decide whether to stay or not, and at the same time appointed Li Gang as the stay-at-home in Tokyo.It turned out that it was only a meal, but Qinzong changed his mind again, apparently thinking of hunting again. When the discussion continued in Funing Hall, Li Gang was the first to win the audience, citing the historical lessons of Tang Minghuang's escape from the south to Sichuan, saying that "going out for hunting means that the dragon escapes from the abyss, and the future is unpredictable."Qinzong was still hesitating, and his servant Wang Xiaoji played from the side: "The queen and the Duke (Qinzong's eldest son Zhao Chen) have already left, how can your majesty stay here!" Jumping down, tears came out in a hurry, and the voice changed: "Don't stay any longer, I will personally go to Shaanxi and raise troops to restore the capital. You must not stay here!" Seeing this, Li Gang cried and bowed to the ground, and died invite.It happened that the emperor's uncle Yan Wang Zhao Si and Yue Wang Zhao Yu came and said that they should stick to it.Under the joint advice of several people, Qinzong took a long time to calm down, wrote the word "Ke Hui" on the paper, sent someone to chase the queen and the Duke back, turned his face, and stared straight at Li Gang said: "I am left by you today. It is your responsibility to manage the army and resist the bandits. There must be no negligence!" Li Gang worshiped and accepted the order again.

The decision to stand firm this time did not stay overnight.Qinzong survived the day in fear, and when he saw that the queen and his son hadn't returned at midnight, he changed his mind again and ordered Tianming to set off.On the morning of the fifth day of the lunar new year, when Li Gang went to the court, he saw the imperial guards lined up in armor, the emperor's imperial clothes were placed in the courtyard, and the concubines of the sixth palace were waiting to board the carriage, already in a hurry.Li Gang said sharply to the soldiers: "Are you willing to defend the capital to the death? Or are you willing to escape?" The soldiers shouted in unison: "I am willing to defend to the death!"

On the sixth day of the lunar new year, Emperor Qinzong boarded the Xuande Gate and announced to the Sixth Army that they would stick to it to the end. He appointed Li Gang as the envoy of the personal conquest camp to be fully responsible for the defense of the city.All the soldiers wept and shed tears, bowed down to the door, and shouted long live. At this time, the Jin soldiers on the north bank of the Yellow River were almost finished crossing, and the defense of the capital had to start from scratch.Li Gang deployed 12,000 guards on each wall, preparing defensive equipment such as stone cannons, crossbows, bricks, wood, kerosene, etc. In addition, he set up 40,000 troops in the front, back, left, and right, and the front army lived in the east. Outside the gate, the Yanfeng warehouse with more than 400,000 shi of grain was guarded, the rear army guarded Fanjiagang, and the rest of the three armies stayed in the city to support the Quartet.As soon as the deployment had a clue, the enemy was approaching the city.

On the seventh day of the lunar new year, the Jin soldiers began to attack the city, and Xishuimen (Xuanzemen) was the first to be in a hurry, but was defeated by the Song army.The next day, they turned to attack Beifengqiu and Suanzao gates. Li Gang came to command in person, and all the soldiers fought bravely. Although the Jin soldiers attacked fiercely, the advantage was on the side of the Song Dynasty.There were only more than 60,000 Jin soldiers, far less than the city guards in the Song Dynasty. The Northwest Frontier Army and garrisons from all over the country also came to help.However, as soon as the defense of Tokyo began, Qinzong sent Zheng Wangzhi, the acting Minister of the Ministry of Industry, and Gao Shi, who knew Dongshanghemenshi, to Jinying to seek peace.The Jinren proposed to cut the Yellow River as the boundary, reward the army with gold and silk, and send another minister to negotiate peace.Qinzong looked at the chancellors, but none of them made a sound. Li Gang stepped forward and wanted to negotiate. Qinzong was afraid that he would be too upright, so he didn't allow him.Qinzong authorized Li Yan to increase the annual currency by three to five million taels, reward the army with three to five million taels of gold and silver, and give another 10,000 taels of gold and wine and fruit to bribe the commander-in-chief of the Jin army.Unexpectedly, when the envoys of Song Dynasty came to Jinying, Wuli couldn't threaten to blackmail them by breaking the capital, and put forward even harsher conditions.On the night of the first day of February, General Yao Pingzhong of Song Dynasty led his army to attack Jinying in a sneak attack. If you want peace, there will be insufficient gold and silver, and if you want war, the sneak attack will fail. For the past two days, Qinzong was sad, dejected, and his mood was extremely bad.He felt that it was a mistake for him to be left in the capital, and it was also a mistake to rashly use troops without carrying out the peace talks to the end. In order to make up for this mistake, he placed his hope in the tolerance of the Jin people, thinking that only humble speeches and generous gifts can be exchanged for the tolerance of the Jin people.So he sent envoys to confess to the Jin people that Yao Pingzhong's robbery of the camp was not the intention of the imperial court, and promised to punish those who robbed the camp severely. When Qinzong was at a loss and was determined to negotiate a peace, the people of Bianjing took action again.After the news of Li Gang and Zhong Shidao's dismissal came out, the crowd was outraged. On the fifth day of the fifth lunar month, hundreds of Tai students headed by Chen Dong went to Fuque under the Xuande Gate to write a letter, denouncing the surrender of treacherous officials such as Li Bangyan, Bai Shizhong, and Zhang Bangchang. Crime, demanded to persevere in the War of Resistance and restore the official positions of Li Gang and Zhong Shidao.Qinzong had no choice but to send Geng Nanzhong to raise his voice to announce that Li Gang and Zhong Shidao would be reappointed, and summoned them to enter the palace immediately.The eunuch Zhu Gongzhi summoned Li Gang too late, and was immediately beaten to death by the crowd, and the 20 or so eunuchs who followed him also died under the fists.It wasn't until Li Gang and Zhong Shidao saw the crowd that the crowd cheered and dispersed. Li Gang and Zhong Shidao were reinstated, ordered those who killed the enemy to be rewarded heavily, and the anti-golden situation rose again.Seeing that the army and people in Bianjing shared the same hatred and the number of King Qin's soldiers was increasing day by day, Jin Bing deeply felt that the situation was not good, and was afraid of being cut off from the rear. Quality, on the eighth day of February retreat.The capital made a rescue. When the Jin soldiers retreated, Zhong Shidao asked Qinzong to launch a fierce attack when they crossed the Yellow River, but was refused.Li Gang asked to send a large army to "escort" the soldiers to find an opportunity to attack, but was also blocked by the prime minister. Qinzong also sent envoys to monitor the armies and forbid them to fight against the enemy, so that the golden soldiers returned safely with full load. In August of the first year of Jingkang (1126 A.D.), Emperor Taizong of the Jin Dynasty raised his troops again, sending Nianhan and Wolibu to invade southward on a large scale.Taiyuan fell in September; Zhending fell in October, and Bianjing was besieged again in November. At this time, the Song Dynasty had no main war faction, and those in power were all main peace factions.Since the Jin soldiers invaded the south again in August, the emperors and ministers of the Song Dynasty have been busy seeking peace, and none of them cared about the battle and defense. Therefore, when the Jin soldiers besieged the city for the second time, the situation was much worse than the first time. On the twenty-fifth day of the leap November, the city of Bianjing was broken.When Qinzong heard the news of the city's destruction, he was terrified, covered his face and wept bitterly.As soon as he heard that the Jin people were willing to negotiate a peace, he immediately sent Prime Minister He Li and King Ji Zhao Xu to the Jin army to ask for peace.He Li brought back the words that the Jinren insisted on asking the Supreme Emperor to go out to discuss peace, and Qinzong couldn't help sweating nervously. Although he and his father had conflicts, they had to be filial to him because of ethics. At this time, he let his father fall into the enemy's camp, and he felt guilty.After some ideological struggle, he decided to plead with the Jinren himself. At dawn on the 30th day of the first lunar month, the two heavy gates of Zhuquemen opened rumblingly, and Qinzong was seen riding on his horse, followed by He Li, Sun Fu, Chen Guoting and other ministers, led by 300 plain-clothed guards. Surrounded by Nanxun Gate, they walked towards Qingcheng where the Jin soldiers were stationed.When Qinzong came to Qingcheng, Nianhan and Wolibu did not meet him because they did not agree with the surrender he brought.Qinzong stayed for two nights in a row. It was not until the second day of December that he signed the surrender form which had been amended four times.Slavishly bowing his head and begging for forgiveness, this was the initial price for Qinzong's peace.After the signing was completed, Qin Zong set up the incense table again, and bowed to the King of Jin for a few times. It was considered that he had fulfilled the courtesy of the minister, and the Jin people agreed to let him go back to the city. Since Qinzong went to Qingcheng, the people of Bianjing have stood in the mud and snow every day waiting for him to come back.In the evening of the second day of junior high school, Qinzong entered Nanxun Gate, and the common people shouted along the road and worshiped on the side of the road.I don't know how many people stopped the horse's head, weeping and crying, and the sound of crying and shouting was heard from far and near.Seeing that his people were so loyal to the Song Dynasty, Qinzong felt sad when he thought that he had become a courtier of the Kingdom of Jin. Qinzong absolutely dare not disobey the order.The Jinren sent envoys to ask for 10 million ingots of gold (50 taels of ingots), 20 million ingots of silver, and 10 million bolts of silk. Qinzong ordered the collection of gold and silver; The horsemen sent people to send them; the Jinren asked for 1,500 girls, saying they would serve as servants in the harem, but Qinzong had no choice but to do so, and even his own concubines were used to fill the number.More than 20 envoys were also sent to Hebei and Hedong to cede land. Although the Northern Song Dynasty government headed by Qinzong frantically flattered the gold people, the gold people still felt that the amount of gold and silver they wanted was insufficient, and claimed that they would send troops into the city to loot and ask Qinzong to go to the Jinying to discuss matters.After all, Qinzong did not dare to disobey the order of the Jinren, so he had to order Sun Fu to assist the crown prince in supervising the country, and then went to Qingcheng himself. In the early morning of the tenth day of the first month in the second year of Jingkang (AD 1127), Qinzong led He Li, Li Ruoshui and others on the road again. As soon as they left the Zhuque Gate, the people in the capital heard about it and unexpectedly gathered tens of thousands of people to stop them and said: " Your Majesty, don't come out!" Crying and refusing to let him go.Qinzong also felt a bit of parting from life and death, and shed tears.As soon as the car arrived in the suburbs, Zhang Shuye knocked on his horse to remonstrate. Qinzong said: "I have to go again in order to protect the people." Ji Zhong (word by Zhang Shuye) work hard!" He choked up and couldn't make a sound. As soon as Qinzong arrived in Qingcheng, he was held hostage by gold men, who urged the officials in the city to step up the collection of gold and silver.Temples and temples in the market, brothels and sojourns are all over the place, causing the city of Bianjing to be overwhelmed, and the people to live in dire straits. The treatment Qinzong received was also quite different from last time.Nianhan and Wulibu didn't meet him at all, so he was placed in three huts in the west veranda of the fasting palace. In addition to tables and chairs, there was an earthen kang for sleeping.Qinzong was locked inside, like a prisoner.Since Qinzong went to Qingcheng again, he sent Wang Xiaoji, the imperial commander, into the city every day to give orders, and the people stood on the street every day waiting for the imperial driver, even if it was windy, frosty, rainy and snowy, he didn't care.At noon on February 6th, the Jin soldiers dug through Nanxun's doorway to prevent entry and exit from the inner city. Wang Xiaojie did not appear again, and people were terrified.In the evening, the people of Jin sent Hanlin Chengzhi Wu Qiangan and Minister of the Ministry of Officials Mo Yu to return to the city with Jin Taizong's imperial edict deposing Qinzong Zhao Huan and Taishanghuang Zhao Ji as commoners, and bringing Qinzong's imperial pen at the same time.On the 7th, the Supreme Emperor Zhao Ji was escorted to Qingcheng. The Jinren ordered Yin Xu Bingzhe of Kaifeng to hand over all the titles of the princes, grandsons, concubines and princesses listed by the eunuch Deng Shu in the court.Xu Bingzhe ordered the five families in Fangxiang to protect them and not to hide them. A total of more than 3,000 people were searched, and they were taken to Jinying with their clothes lined up.The golden man forced the queen and the crown prince to come. On April 1, the Jin soldiers began to retreat after looting.Wu Libu escorted the Supreme Emperor Zhao Ji, the Empress Zheng Taishang and the princes, grandsons, sons-in-law, princesses, concubines, etc. to go north from Huazhou.Nianhan escorted Qinzong, Empress Zhu, Prince Zhao Chen, the clan and officials such as He Li, Sun Fu, Zhang Shuye and others to the north of Zhengzhou Road.When the Jin soldiers retreated, they took away a large amount of gold and silver treasures, ceremonial objects, books and classics, antiques, craftsmanship, advocating excellent jugglers, etc., and the "two hundred years of treasury accumulation" of the Northern Song Dynasty was all empty. After Qinzong arrived in the Kingdom of Jin, he was named "Marquis of Chonghun", which means that he and his father, Zhao Jijia, who was named "Duke of Hunde" by the Jin people, fainted again and again.In the thirty-first year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1156 A.D.), Qinzong died in the Jin Dynasty at the age of 56. On May 1st of the second year of Jingkang, Zhao Gou, king of Kang, was located in Nanjing (now Shangqiu, Henan), established the Southern Song Dynasty, and respected Qinzong as "the holy emperor of filial piety and compassion".In the 31st year of Shaoxing, news of Zhao Huan's death spread to the Southern Song Dynasty. In July, Shang Zun's posthumous title was "Emperor Gongwen, Shunde, Renxiao", and the temple name was "Qinzong".