Chapter 147 Chapter 146 Liangwu Emperor Xiao Yan

Emperor Wu of Liang, named Xiao Yan, styled Shuda, was born in Zhongduli, Nanlanling (now northwest of Wujin, Jiangsu).Served as governor of Qi to Yongzhou, and later raised troops due to internal strife in the Qi ruling group. In the second year of Qi Zhongxing (AD 502), he proclaimed himself emperor in the Chan Dynasty and established the Liang Dynasty. He reigned for 48 years, the longest reign in the Southern Dynasty. an emperor. Xiao Yan was born in an aristocratic family. His father Xiao Shunzhi was a younger brother of Emperor Qi Gao.In the eighth year of Song Daming (464 A.D.), Xiao Sheng lived in Sanqiao House in Tongxiali, Moling County.

Xiao Yan loved reading since he was a child. He was erudite and intelligent, and he showed his talents in literature at a young age.At that time, Shen Yue, Xie Tiao, Wang Rong, and Fan Yun had close contacts with him. They often went in and out of the west residence of Jingling King Xiao Ziliang, and they were called "Eight Friends" by the world.Among the eight friends, Shen Yue is the longest in Chinese, and books such as "Song Shu" and "Qi Ji" have been handed down to the world. However, when it comes to courage and insight, Xiao Yan is the most recommended. Because Xiao Yan was born in a noble family, when he first entered the official career, he served as the East Pavilion sacrificial wine for General Wei Wang Jian.When Wang Jian saw Xiao Yan, he immediately felt that his conversation was extraordinary, so he paid special attention to him and asked him to be an official of the household Cao.Because Xiao Yan was very sensitive in his work, he was respected by his superiors and colleagues, so he soon joined the army with Wang Zhenxi Ziyi.In the next three years, he went back to Jiankang to attend his father's funeral. After the period expired, he paid homage to the prince and concubine, and served as the servant of Huangmen.

In the eleventh year of Yongming (AD 493), Emperor Wu of Qi was seriously ill. Wang Rong planned to take advantage of the death of Emperor Wu to make Xiao Ziliang emperor, and he had prepared the will of Emperor Wu in private.Later, Wang Rong was defeated and sentenced to death in prison.Xiao Yan had already deduced this matter, and Fan Yunyou could not help but admire Xiao Yan even more because he knew that Xiao Yan was very talented. After the new emperor of the Qi Dynasty ascended the throne, he didn't care about political affairs, but only knew about drinking and having fun, indulged in sexual desires and afflicted others, and refused to listen to advice.Xiao Luan was furious and decided to abolish it and establish a new owner, so he called Xiao Yan to discuss.Xiao Luan first said: "Now the Lord has lost his virtue, I have decided to abolish the old and establish the new." Xiao Yan said: "Abolishing the old and establishing the new is a big event, I am afraid it will cause opposition from all the kings." Xiao Luan said: "I think most of the kings are mediocre. Weak and incompetent, nothing to worry about. Just follow Wang Zilong, have culture and military skills, and now occupy important land in Jingzhou. If he can be recalled to the capital, things will be easy to handle. However, he may not be willing to come, what should we do? Xiao Yan replied: "Although King Sui has a good name, he is actually a fool. He doesn't have any counselors under his command, and he only relies on Sima Yuan Lisheng and Wuling prefect Bian Bailong. These two people are mercenary. If If you can give them a high official and generous salary, there is no one who refuses to come! As for Sui Wang, he will be summoned with only one letter at that time!" Xiao Luan believed it deeply, so he followed the plan, and in the first year of Longchang ( A.D. 494) King Yulin was abolished in Xia Tian, ​​and King Xin'an was established. Only three months later, he became the emperor himself, and he became Emperor Qiming.Because of his contribution to the court coup in the Qi Dynasty, Xiao Yan was named the Minister of Zhongshu, and then moved to the position of Minister of Huangmen. With his talent in strategizing, he gained a certain political status.

In the following year, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty personally led an army of 300,000 troops along the Huaihe River to attack Zhongli. Yang, Pingbei generals Wang Guangzhi and Xiao Yan were ordered to lead troops to rescue Yiyang.Wang Guangzhi led his troops more than a hundred li away from Yiyang. When all the troops heard that the Wei army was strong, they did not dare to advance.Xiao Yan asked himself to be advanced, and Guangzhi allocated some of his elite soldiers to Xiao Yan.Xiao Yan led the troops to take advantage of the dark night to go straight to Xianshou Mountain from the small road, only a few miles away from the Wei army, and planted flags all over the mountain.At dawn, seeing the reinforcements in Yiyang City, his courage doubled, and he immediately went out of the city to attack Wei Ying, and set fire to the sky due to the wind.Xiao Yan raised his flag and beat the trumpet in person, and all the troops marched forward bravely. The Wei army was suddenly attacked by internal and external attacks, unable to hold on, and was forced to flee.When Xiao Yan returned to the capital, he paid homage to the concubine of the crown prince.

In the late autumn of the fourth year of Jianwu (487 A.D.), the Wei army attacked Qi again, and went down to Xinye and Nanyang, and the troops went straight to Yongzhou.Emperor Qi Ming sent Xiao Yan, Sima Zhang Ji of the Left Army, and Cui Huijing, Minister of Duzhi, to rescue Yongzhou.In March of the following year, Cui Huijing and Xiao Yan moved to Dengcheng in the northwest of Yongzhou, just as tens of thousands of cavalry from the Wei army suddenly arrived and surrounded the small town.Xiao Yan saw that there was a shortage of food and weapons in the city, so he discussed with Huijing: "Our army is already hungry and exhausted. If we know that there is a lack of food in the city, there will be a mutiny. In my opinion, it is better to take advantage of the enemy's first arrival. , Relying on your vigor, rushing to kill, maybe you can save the situation." Huijing felt timid in his heart, but he couldn't show it, so he just said perfunctorily: "Northern wandering captives never besiege the city at night, and they will retreat at night." I don't want Wei There are more and more soldiers, and they have the potential to pull out the city.Seeing that the situation was not good, Cui Huijing led his troops to flee from the south gate. Seeing that the commander-in-chief was gone, the rest of the departments also fled one after another.Xiao Yan couldn't help it, so he had to order General Liu Shanyang to lead hundreds of people to cut off the rear and retreat while fighting.When crossing the ditch, the wooden bridges on the ditch were trampled down. The Qi army fought to cross the ditch, trampling on each other. In addition, the chasing soldiers of the Northern Wei Dynasty shot arrows from behind. Stick to it.After the war, in order to strengthen the defense of Yongzhou, Emperor Qi Ming specially selected Xiao Yan as the general of the auxiliary country and the governor of Yongzhou.Therefore, Xiao Yan had a solid and reliable base, which laid the foundation for capturing Xiao Qi's world in the future.

Ming Emperor Xiao Luan died of illness within five years of his reign, and Prince Baojuan succeeded him as Marquis of Donghun.Since Dong Hunhou came to the throne, countless ministers have been executed, and all civil and military officials are uneasy. Chen Xianda, the governor of Jiangzhou, rebelled, but was wiped out within a few days.Pei Shuye, the governor of Yuzhou, was very suspicious when he heard this, so he sent his confidant Ma Wenfan to Xiangyang to ask Xiao Yan how to make himself safe. Xiao Yan replied: "If the imperial court really suspects the general, I think it might as well send the family members to the capital as hostages. In case The imperial court unexpectedly forced him to send 20,000 troops straight out of Hengjiang to cut off his back, and then the world's affairs can be decided at one stroke. If the general goes north to the Wei Lord, he will definitely send people to take over, and another state in Hebei will be given to him. General, can I still succeed as Duke of Henan?" Pei Shuye was still hesitant after hearing the report, while sending Zifen's hostage to Jiankang, he secretly sent someone to communicate with Wei.Houfen himself fled back to Shouyang, and Shuye surrendered to Wei under his watch. Wei made Shuye Duke of Lanling County and General of Zhengnan.When the Qi Dynasty heard the news, they sent Xiao Yi to serve as the governor of Yuzhou, responsible for the conquest of Shuye.

When Xiao Yan learned that Xiao Yi sent troops, he quickly sent his confidant Yu Anfu to persuade him to turn against the faint king, but Xiao Yi refused to listen.After the Shuye Rebellion was put down, Qi Ting worshiped Xiao Yi as Minister, and his younger brother Xiao Rong also had authority.At that time, Marquis Donghun often went out of the palace, playing games too much. Some people advised Xiao Yi to raise troops to abandon him while he was out, but Yi refused to listen.In October, Marquis Donghun bestowed medicine and ordered Xiao Yi to commit suicide. Soon, Xiao Yi's bad news spread to Xiangyang, and Xiao Yan invited Zhang Hongce, Lu Sengzhen, Changshi Wang Mao, Biejia Liu Qingyuan, Gong Cao Jishizhan, etc. to come to the mansion to discuss the matter of abolishing the obscurity and establishing the Ming Dynasty. Jianya gathered the crowd and won more than a thousand soldiers, more than a thousand horses, and 3,000 ships. From then on, another war for the throne began.The time is November of the second year of Yongyuan (AD 500).

After Donghun Hou learned about the situation in Yongzhou, he immediately ordered General Liu Shanyang of the Fuguo State to lead 3,000 troops to Jingzhou, and joined forces with Nankang Wang Baorong to attack Xiangyang.Xiao Yan found out the information and sent Wang Tianhu, who joined the army, from Yongzhou to Jiangling, and sent letters to the prefectures along the way. Yingzhou is a long history, all matters big and small are decided by Xiao Yingzhou.After Tianhu left, Xiao Yan said to the generals: "The customs of Jingzhou have always been afraid of Xiangyang people. In addition, there is a danger of dying of lips and teeth. Xiao Yingzhou will definitely cooperate with us. In this way, we will unite Jing and Yong's soldiers and march together. Dong, even if Han Xin and Bai Qi are reborn, they will not be able to plan for Jiankang!" Unexpectedly, Yingzhou was hesitant when he got the book, so Xiao Yannai ordered Tianhu to take the letter and go to Jingzhou again.As soon as Tianhu was on his way, Xiao Yanmi said to Zhang Hongce: "The way to use troops is to attack the heart. Last time I sent Tianhu to Jingzhou, there were books in the prefectures along the way. Today, I ordered Tianhu to rush to Jingzhou, and only gave Yingzhou brothers two empty seals." When people ask Tianhu, Tianhu doesn't know what to answer. Tianhu is Yingzhou's confidant, and people must use this to suspect that Yingzhou and Tianhu are hiding things together. Liu Shanyang is puzzled Yu Zhongkou will definitely doubt Yingzhou, so Jingzhou can be conquered with only two empty letters!"

Sure enough, after Xiao Yingzhou killed Liu Shanyang, he sent his head to Xiao Yan, and the two decided to raise troops immediately after discussion. In order to appeal to the world, Xiao Yan went to Nankang Wang Baorong to ask him to take the title of honor, but Baorong refused.Xiao Yingzhou then asked Jiankang to descend to the general entrusted with the imperial edict of the Queen Mother Xuande, saying that the king of Nankang should inherit the emperor's title.Only then did Baorong agree to wait for the next spring to be ordered. In the spring of the first year of Zhongxing (501 A.D.), Wang Baorong of Nankang called Xiangguo, and ordered Xiao Yingzhou to be Zuo Changshi, General Zhenjun, and Xiao Yan General Zhengdong.Xiao Yannai sent troops to Xiangyang, and arrived at Jingling (northwest of Qianjiang, Hubei Province) in February, and appointed Wang Mao and Cao Jingzong as the former army.

In March, Nankang Wang Baorong was located in Jiangling (now Jiangling, Hubei). He was Emperor He and changed Yuan Zhongxing.Xiao Yingzhou was the order of the minister, Xiao Yan was the left servant, and the commander-in-chief conquered the armies.At that time, Xiao Yan was stationed in Xiakou, and Emperor Hedi sent Yushi Zhongcheng Zongyang to comfort Yan's army.General Yu Yu of Ning Shuo, Xiao Yan's subordinate, said privately to Zong Yang: "The commander-in-chief Huang Yue has not joined, how can he lead Hou Bo? Please also ask for orders on behalf of the commander." Zong Yang returned to Jiangling to report to Emperor He, and Emperor He soon dispatched Yingda came to help Xiao Yan and passed on the fake Yan Huang Yue.Xiao Yan accepted the order happily, so he went out of the Mianjiang River and ordered Wang Mao, Xiao Yingda and others to attack Yingcheng.Xue Yuansi, the guard of Yingcheng, did not dare to fight, but closed the city and sent envoys to Jiankang for help.All the generals wanted to take the city, but Xiao Yan refused.

Two months like this passed by in a blink of an eye. Although Yingcheng had not been captured, Xiao Yan had the whole picture in his chest, so he was not in a hurry and waited for the opportunity. Donghunhou sent general Wu Ziyang and others to Wukou to rescue Yingzhou.As soon as the news arrived, Xiao Yan immediately ordered General Liang Tianhui and others to garrison Huanhu City, and Tang Xiuqi and others to garrison Baiyang Fort, facing each other across the banks, waiting for the arrival of the Eastern Army.Seeing the situation, Ziyang garrisoned Jiahu Lake, about 30 miles away from Yingcheng, surrounded by mountains and rivers, and built a stronghold for self-reinforcing.Xiao Yan ordered Wang Mao to lead his troops to attack at night, but Ziyang was unprepared and fled in defeat.Fang Zengji, the guard of Lushan, was ill and died soon after hearing the news.The rest of the troops pushed Sun Lezu as the leader and continued to defend, but the food and grass were exhausted.Xiao Yan sent troops to intercept his return, and at the same time wrote a letter to persuade him to surrender. Sun Lezu had no choice but to surrender the city.At this time, Yingcheng had been closed for more than 200 days, and the disease was prevalent. There were only 200,000 to 30,000 of the 100,000 men and women.Xue Yuansi saw that the reinforcements had gone, and Lushan had surrendered again, so he had no choice but to surrender. The generals have been fighting for several months here, and they all want to rest in Xiakou. Xiao Yan objected, saying: "We don't take advantage of the victory to directly attack Jiankang, when will we wait!" Zhang Hongce, Yu Yu and others agreed.So all the troops went to the road immediately, and Hongce planned the military affairs, and all the arrangements were very appropriate. In October of this year, Xiao Yan led his army to the city of Jiankang, and fought fiercely with the Qi army at the south of the Zhuque Bridge.The Qi army then collapsed, and the Yan army took advantage of the momentum to enter the stone city, built a long wall, and surrounded the Qi palace city tightly. When the Qi Dynasty was in crisis, Ru Fazhen and others did not forget to slander: "The siege of the palace is incomprehensible, it is all caused by ministers' carelessness, such civil servants and generals should really kill several of them." Angry, that is to say, the confidant of the secret school gave Xiao Yan a mirror, which means "his heart can be learned from". Jane country.Zhenguo then conspired with Zhang Ji, the governor of Yanzhou, and led troops into Yunlong Gate in the middle of the night to Hande Hall, and killed Donghun Hou Baojuan who was drinking at night.Then he summoned all civil and military officials, ordered Yu to sign the letter, and wrapped Donghunhou's head with butter, and handed it over to Fan Yun, a doctor of Guozi, to Xiao Yan.Fan Yun is one of the eight friends of the West Mansion, and has always been very friendly with Xiao Yan, so he stayed with Xiao Yan to plan at this time.After Xiao Yan received the letter of surrender, he immediately sent Hongce to enter the palace first, sealed up the books in the treasury, and received 41 people including Concubine Pan, his ministers Ru Fazhen and Mei Chong'er.Then Xiao Yan entered the Tun Yuewu Hall and issued three orders in a row. The first was to amnesty the world, "Everyone who faints to control false thieves, except for sexual punishment and abuse of labor, can check the former plains in detail and remove all debauchery"; All disputes and lawsuits are unreasonable, and those who are in charge of the master will stop from time to time, and they will debate carefully and discuss according to the facts"; the third is "to collect and bury righteous teachers, and to prevent the death of rebellious disciples." After Xiao Yan occupied Jiankang, he sent generals to conquer the Quartet, and the governors and prefects of various places surrendered one after another.In the first month of the following year, the Empress Dowager Xuande was welcomed into the palace, proclaimed Zhizhi in the court, and entered Xiao Yan as the Grand Sima, who supervised all military forces at home and abroad, and could bring a sword to the palace without prostration ceremony.At that time, Xiao Yingzhou had already died of shame because Xiao Yan was invincible in all battles but could not achieve anything. Xiao Yan thus took control of the entire military and state power. Xiao Yan's becoming the Great Sima was already expected by everyone, and it seemed that it would not be a problem to become the emperor.But Xiao Yan still didn't dare to act rashly, so it was not easy to mention it to his ministers.One day when Hushi Sima Shen Yue talked about this matter in a roundabout way, Xiao Yan pretended not to understand what he meant, deliberately vague and blocked it.Another day, Shen Yue simply proposed that he should inherit the great position.After hearing this, Xiao Yan was silent for a while, and then said: "Let me think twice." It took a while before he agreed.After Shen Yue went out, Xiao Yan summoned Fan Yun to inform him of the matter. Fan Yun's meaning was roughly the same as Shen Yue's. Xiao Yan was overjoyed and asked Fan Yun and Shen Yue to come to see him together tomorrow morning. The next day, Shen Yue went to the court hall first, and saw that Fan Yun hadn't arrived yet, so he entered first.Xiao Yan immediately ordered Shen Yue to be in charge of planning the affairs of the Qi Dynasty. Shen Yue took out three papers from his bosom, one was Jiajiuxi Wen, the other was Liang Wang Wen, and the third paper was the inner Zen edict. Xiao Yan was amazed and did not change anything. Words signify consent.When Fan Yun came to the gate of the palace, he didn't see Shen Yue, but wandered outside the Shouguang Pavilion. After asking the guards at the gate of the Ming Palace, he found out that Shen Yue had entered first, and he felt very uncomfortable.After a while, Shen Yue came out and raised his hand to the left, which meant to let Fan Yun shoot for the left servant in the future, Fan Yun understood this meaning, of course he turned surprise into joy.At this time, Xiao Yan called Fan Yun in again, and handed over the three articles made by Shen Yue to Fan Yun. Fan Yun was also full of praise. After a few days, there was an edict to enter the great Sima Xiaoyan's position as the prime minister, with Baikui in charge, leading Yangzhou pastor, enfeoffing ten counties as Lianggong, preparing nine ceremonies, and setting up a hundred divisions in Liangguo.Xiao Yan refused to comply with the above table at first, and only when he saw that no one came forward to object in February did he accept the edict gladly.At this time, there was the king of eastern Hunan, Baozhen, who had hoped to ascend the throne of God as early as the time when the Marquis of Donghun was punished, but he was only an ordinary person later on, and he was very dissatisfied.When Xiao Yan came to Xiangguo, he complained even more.Knowing the matter, Xiao Yan immediately falsely claimed that Baozhang had conspired against him, and killed Baozhang and his younger brother Baoxian.A few days later, Emperor He issued an edict to add ten prefectures to the Duke of Liang and make him the king. All the important positions in the Liang Kingdom were imitated by the heavenly system.Xiao Yan took Shen Yue as the Minister of the Ministry of Officials and the right servant She, and Fan Yun as his servant. Fan Yun didn't become Zuo Pushe, so he was unhappy and waited for an opportunity to make another contribution when Xiao Yan accepted Zen.Unexpectedly, after several tens of days, Xiao Yan did not hear about receiving Zen again.Looking into the reason, it turns out that after Xiao Yan entered the palace, apart from Concubine Pan Gui of Donghunhou who was killed by the leader Wang Mao, there were two beauties, Concubine Yu and Wu Shuyuan, all of which were taken by Xiao Yan.Because Xiao Yan was fascinated by female sex, all political affairs were ignored.Fan Yun was very anxious about this, so he specially invited Wang Mao, the leader of the army, into the palace to meet Xiao Yan, and told him the benefits of seizing the opportunity to stand up for himself on behalf of Qi.After hearing this, Xiao Yan decided to usurp Qi and was ready to accept Zen.In order to eliminate the hidden danger of proclaiming himself emperor, Xiao Yan ordered his suicide within one day on the pretext that Shaoling Wang Baoxin, Jinxi Wang Baosong, and Guiyang Wang Baozhen were related to the rebellion of Xiangdong Wang Baozhen.At that time, the three kings were all about 10 years old.There was also Baoxuan, the king of Luling, who was weak and incompetent, and died of fear.Then there is Wang Baoyin of Poyang, at the age of 16, who escaped by jumping over the wall, traveling day and night, and finally arrived in Shouyang, where he was taken in by Wang Cheng, the governor of Yangzhou in the Northern Wei Dynasty.So far, only King Baoyi of Jin'an, Qi and Emperor Baorong are left among the sons of Emperor Ming.Only then did Xiao Yan present Baorong to the east and ask him to return to Jiankang.Baorong ordered Xiao Dan, Xiao Yan's younger brother, to be the governor of Jingzhou, and to supervise the military affairs of Jingzhou, Hunan and other six states.Although Xiao Dan is young, he is young and mature.At that time, Jingzhou was in the post-military period, and there was no public or private space. He made great efforts to govern, farmed widely, saved labor, asked about the families of soldiers who died, and sincerely received wise men from all over the world.When Zhi Baorong set off, the government and the wild echoed each other, claiming the will of heaven, and wanted Xiao Yan to be emperor.He also made the prophecy of "Walk in the water, be the Son of Heaven", which was spread and sung by children all over the place, causing a public opinion offensive.Xia Houxiang, the leader of Baorong's subordinates, took over Shen Yue and Fan Yunshu and taught him to force the emperor to Zen.Under this situation, Xia Houxiang saw the wind and turned the rudder, and went to Gushu (now Dangtu, Anhui) to force Qihe Emperor to issue an edict to Zen.When Emperor He's edict arrived in Jiankang, the Empress Dowager Xuande also issued an order to express her consent. So far, Xiao Yan pretended to be humble and resisted several times. Therefore, Wang Yuanlin of Yuzhang led 819 people in the Qi Palace, and Fan Yun led 117 Liangchens. He wrote to profess his minister again and again, begging to practice Zuo, and Taishi ordered Jiang Daoxiu and Chen Tianwen Fu to prophesy 64 items, which Xiao Yancai reluctantly accepted.So he chose an auspicious day and a good day, and ascended the throne in the southern suburbs, offered sacrifices to heaven and earth, and ascended the altar to receive congratulations from all officials.The second year of Qi Zhongxing was changed to the first year of Liang Tianjian, and the world was amnesty.The time is 502 AD. On the second day after Xiao Yan came to the throne, he issued an edict to abolish Qi and Emperor Baorong to become the king of Baling, living in Gushu, and all the courtesy and reception were the same as those at the beginning of Qi.He also issued an imperial edict to confer the titles of the younger brothers as kings, Shen Yue was the servant of the Shangshu, Fan Yun was the Shangshu of the Ministry of Officials, and other civil and military officials also had their own titles.After the appointment of officials and appointments, Xiao Yan sent his confidant Zheng Boqin to Gushu to enter King Baling with gold and kill him.Xiao Yantuo claimed that Baorong had died violently, and honored him as Emperor He, and buried him in Anling according to the emperor's ceremony.He also issued an edict to change Baoyi, the king of Jin'an, to be the king of Baling, and he was still enshrined in the Qi Dynasty.Baoyi suffered from disability disease since he was a child and could not speak, so he was the only one among the Ming emperor's sons who could get it all. At the beginning of Xiao Yan's accession to the throne, in view of the lessons learned from the death of Qi, he was always diligent and tireless in government affairs.Even in the twelfth lunar month of winter, it is also at the fifth watch, correcting official documents, so that the hands are cracked.He also paid attention to accepting remonstrance, and issued a special edict to place a letter next to the slander tree and the lung stone in front of the East Mansion. All civilians who want to point out current affairs and have suggestions can post a letter in the slander tree letter; If the merits have not been achieved, the talent will not be used to the full, and it can be written in the lung stone letter.Xiao Yan also advocates diligence and thrift. "One crown for three years, one cover for two years", all the clothes he used have been washed several times, and his usual meals are mainly vegetables, vegetables and bean soup.And eat only one meal a day, when you are busy with business, you will drink some thin soup to satisfy your hunger.Whenever Jane elects a senior official, she must ask for the election of Lianping, and personally summons the selected person in front of the palace, and encourages him to think of the way of honesty and integrity.He also specially issued an edict to the whole country, such as small county magistrates who have talents and achievements, will move to big counties; big county magistrates who have talents and achievements will move two thousand stones.At that time, two of the courtiers were known for their integrity, so they were promoted to internal historian and prefect respectively.Because of the above and below, the administration of officials has improved a lot. Xiao Yan, like the monarchs of all dynasties, was also suspicious of the founding father.The founding heroes of the Liang Dynasty were Zhang Hongce, Fan Yun and Shen Yue.Zhang and Fan passed away one after another at the beginning of the founding of the country.But Shen Yue is a good friend of Xiao Yan, and helped Xiao Yan to accept Zen and ascend the throne.It should be reused well, but it is not.Xiao Yan first employed Xu Mian and Zhou She, and then Xie Qu, and finally appointed Zhu Yi, a poor scholar, and let him hold power for more than 20 years. and die. Xiao Yan was so mean to the founding fathers, but he was so gracious and caring to the royal family and dignitaries, and even seemed cowardly.This is prominently reflected in the attitude towards his younger brother Xiao Hong and his son Xiao Zong. Xiao Hong, the king of Linchuan, is Xiao Yan's sixth younger brother, who is "extravagant and extravagant".Although Xiao Yan knew that Xiao Hong had concealed the murderer, gathered money for money, and even sent someone to assassinate himself, he did not pursue Xiao Hong and was still appointed and promoted.However, soon, Xiao Hong intensified his actions and acted recklessly. He even conspired with Xiao Yan's eldest daughter, Princess Yongxing, to commit adultery. Catch decapitation.Princess Yongxing felt ashamed to see her father again, and committed suicide when she returned to the palace.Xiao Hong, the king of Linchuan, became sick from fear when he heard about the failure of the incident, and died soon after. Xiao Zong, king of Yuzhang, was the second son of Xiao Yan. His biological mother, Wu Shuyuan, was the concubine of Hunhou of Qidong. Xiao Yan accepted her as his concubine and loved her very much.In the third year of Tianjian (AD 504), he was granted the title of king of Yuzhang County, with 2,000 households in the city. In the second year of Tongtong (AD 521), he entered the court as a servant and general of Zhenyou.Wu Shuyuan wanted to spoil her, and with resentment in her heart, she told Xiao Zong about Xiao Yan's birth in July, and Zong thought that she was the son of Donghunhou.In the first year of Ordinary (525 A.D.), Wei Yuan's Buddhist monk descended to Liang, and Chen Qingzhi and others responded to him, but was defeated by Wei.Xiao Yan ordered Xiao Zong to go out of the town of Pengcheng and supervise all the troops.Soon after, Wei transferred King Linhuai as the host, and led his troops to advance to Pengcheng.Xiao Yan was afraid that Xiao Zong would lose, so he summoned Zong to return to the court, but Zong defected to the Wei army at this time.The Wei Dynasty was very happy to see Xiao Yan's second son come down, and immediately granted Xiao Zong the title of Shizhong, Taiwei, Gao Pinggong, and Danyang King, with seven thousand households in the city.At this time, Xiao Zong changed his name to Zan, and specially mourned for the Marquis of Donghun, and served him for three years.When Xiao Yan heard that his second son had voted for Wei, he was greatly astonished, so he cut his title and revoked his affiliation, changed his descendants to the clan of Loon, and abolished Wu Shuyuan as a commoner.Later, when Chen Qingzhi followed Yuan Hao to attack Wei, Xiao Yan heard that Xiao Zong intended to return to the south, and ordered Wu Shuyuan to send Qing Zhi with Zong's childhood clothes, but Zong was determined not to return.Not long after Wu Shuyuan died of illness, Xiao Yan felt pity again, and ordered him to restore Zongjue, posthumously posthumous Wu Shuyuan as a respect, and conferred the title of Zongzi Xiao Zhi as Marquis of Yongxin. Xiao Yan was the Emperor of Liang. He was elegant and focused on Confucianism at the beginning.Although Xiao Yan himself was busy with everything, he still couldn't put it down, and when he lit a candle from the side, he saw it was midnight.He personally wrote more than 200 volumes including "Answers in the Spring and Autumn Period", "Shangshu Dayi", "Speaking of the Mean", and "Confucius Zhengyan".As a result, the Sifang counties and states tended to study Confucianism, and there were countless people gathered in the capital.But when Xiao Yan entered his twilight years, his thinking changed. Especially after being hit by the two incidents of Xiao Hong and Xiao Zong, he gradually saw through the world of mortals, turned to Buddhism, and became the only reigning monk emperor among ancient Chinese emperors.In order to facilitate the worship of Buddha, Xiao Yan ordered the construction of Tongtai Temple near the palace city. In the temple, there are lotus seats, majestic treasures and spacious halls.For the convenience of traveling, he also ordered the Datong Gate to be opened directly to the temple gate in the palace city, so that Xiao Yan could enter the temple through this gate to worship Buddha and practice Zen sooner or later. In March of the eighth year of Ordinary Years (527 A.D.), Xiao Yan visited Tongtai Temple in person. In order to show his loyalty to the Buddha, he sacrificed himself to enter the temple and served as an abbot monk for three days. Then he returned to the palace and ordered the yuan to be changed to Datong.After Xiao Yan believed in Buddhism, he not only abstained from female sex and did not eat meat, but also issued an edict to the whole country that in the future, it is not allowed to use cattle, sheep and pigs to worship the gods of the ancestral temple, but only vegetables and fruits.With this order, the government and the public were shocked.People think that even the sacrifice is not allowed to kill, so the meat can no longer be eaten, which is unacceptable.Such a turbulent discussion led to the imperial court discussing that they would use big breasts instead of cattle.To repay Xiao Yan, Xiao Yan resolutely refused to use animals.Finally, after repeated requests, the flour was allowed to be kneaded into a sacrifice. At that time, Bodhidharma, a monk from South India, heard that the Liang Dynasty re-emphasized the Buddha, and traveled thousands of miles to Guangzhou by sea.When Xiao Yan heard that an eminent monk from afar was coming, he immediately ordered the local officials to escort him into the capital and meet him in the inner hall to discuss Buddhism.However, it didn't take long for Bodhidharma to leave when he saw that his words were not speculative. Later, he crossed the river to the Shaolin Temple in Songshan to teach scriptures and disciples, and became the first ancestor of Chinese Zen. Xiao Yan couldn't meet the eminent monks with courtesy, so he turned to Huiyue, a lay monk, as his teacher, and received the precepts in person, and ordered all the princes and princes to take Huiyue as their teacher.With this order, as many as 50,000 court officials and dignitaries received precepts.Xiao Yan also got Buddhist scriptures to study carefully, so that the imperial court was abolished and power was taken over the night.At this time, the virtuous ministers Zhou She and Xu Mian had passed away one after another.Only Shang Shu Ling He Jingrong and Zhu Zhong, who was born in a poor family, are different from each other.He Jingrong has been in the Taiwan Pavilion for a long time. He has read the old news in detail and is smart and knowledgeable about governance. Although he tends to believe in Buddhism, he has not hindered government affairs.Zhu Yi was good at seeing the will of others, and he could flatter and follow his orders. He served as an official for 30 years, accepted bribes, and deceived the court. In September of the third year of Datong (529 A.D.), Xiao Yan was lucky again in Tongtai Temple.He took off his imperial robes and robes, and after bathing in the temple, he changed into cassocks and cassocks, just like an old monk who has been in the temple for many years. He lived in the monk's room in the temple that night, and served privately with plain beds and pottery, similar to the presiding officer in the temple.At dawn the next day, a meeting of the four ministries was held without cover. Xiao Yan personally opened the seat of the lecture hall in his cassock, and gave lectures for the four ministries (monks and nuns).After speaking, he put his body in the temple again and named himself Sanbao slave.After 10 days like this, the princes and ministers gathered 100 million yuan to ask for the redemption of the Emperor Bodhisattva.The monks couldn't offend at both ends, it was really hard to say anything, they just remained speechless, which was regarded as an answer.Another day later, civil and military officials gathered at the east gate of Tongtai Temple, and invited the emperor to return to the palace.Xiao Yan's answer was sincere, and he actually used the words "suddenly" to the officials, claiming that since he had given up his life and entered the temple, he had no intention of going back to the vulgar.The ministers went to the court three times in a row, and Xiao Yan reluctantly returned to the palace. In the third year of Datong (537 A.D.), Xiao Yan ordered the Ashoka Pagoda of Changgan Temple to be repaired, and found the relics of the Buddha's claws. Xiao Yan thought it was a grand event for Buddhism, so he went to the temple to do the deeds again, and ordered an amnesty for the world.In the spring of the first year of Zhongdatong (546 A.D.), Xiao Yan went to Tongtai Temple to set up four open conferences, gave lectures on the "Jinzi Sanhui Jing", and sacrificed himself in the temple.After one month, the royal family and ministers paid 200 million yuan for redemption.Xiao Yan declined again and then stopped preaching the scriptures. He issued an imperial edict to change the Yuan Dynasty and amnesty the world.On the night Xiao Yan returned to the palace, a fire broke out in Tongtai Temple and the pagoda was destroyed.Xiao Yan heard the news and said: "This is what demons do, and we should do it widely to pray for relief." Then he issued an edict: "The way is high and the demons flourish, and good deeds prosper. We should build large-scale construction projects to rebuild the pagodas and make them more prosperous than in the past!" , Later, due to the chaos of Hou Jing, it stopped. It was only one year since the last time he sacrificed his life at Tongtai Temple. Because of the surrender of Hou Jinglai, a general of the Western Wei Dynasty, Xiao Yan believed that it was the blessing of the Buddha, so he staged another farce of sacrifice that lasted 37 days.Not only that, Xiao Yan, who is more than seventy years old, has become headstrong and doesn't know how to accept advice.At that time, He Chen, a regular servant of Sanqi, wrote an admonishment letter, stating the abuses of the extravagance of scholars at that time, which the emperor did not notice.It actually caused Xiao Yan to be furious, and he blamed him for his empty words and his name. In fact, he just hated He Chen for telling the reality that he could not change.In this political situation, its downfall can be imagined.Sure enough, in the 47th year after Xiao Yan became emperor, the famous Hou Jing Rebellion occurred. Hou Jingben was a member of the Jie tribe who had assimilated in Xianbei. He had made a history of foreign soldiers in Huaishuo Town, and was very friendly with Gao Huan, the founding emperor of the Northern Qi Dynasty.After the failure of the uprising in the six towns of Huaishuo, Hou Jing was surrendered to Er Zhurong, the chief of the Qihu tribe.Later, he was a pioneer in suppressing Ge Rong, and went to the governor of Dingzhou for his meritorious service.After Gao Huan destroyed the Erzhu family, Hou Jing attached himself to Gao Huan again and was highly appreciated. He successively served as Shangshu Zuopushe, Libu Shangshu, Sikong, and Situ. Hou Jing was proud of his achievements and often despised Gao Huan's son Gao Cheng.After Gao Huan's death, Gao Cheng wanted to transfer Hou Jing back to seize his military power.Hou Jing thought about his disagreement with Gao Cheng, and felt uneasy, so he surrendered the land of Thirteen Prefectures in Henan to the Western Wei Dynasty.The Western Wei Dynasty was very cautious about Hou Jing's surrender. On the surface, he gave Hou Jing high-ranking officials such as Taifu, Shanggu Gong, and Henan Xingdaotai. Take the opportunity to seize his military power.Seeing this situation, Hou Jing made up his mind to present Xiao Yan and ask him to surrender to the Liang dynasty. After Xiao Yan received Hou Jing's petition, he immediately summoned all the ministers for a court meeting, and ordered Hou Jing to be a general, named Henan king, and supervised all the military forces in the north and south of Henan.He also sent Sizhou Inspector Yang Yaren and others to lead 30,000 troops to Xuanhu to meet Hou Jing.From time to time, General Pingxi consulted Zhou Hongzheng, who knew Hou Jing's temperament. Hearing that the court had accepted Hou Jing's surrender, he couldn't help sighing: "Trouble is at hand!" In August of the second year of Taiqing (548 A.D.), Hou Jingguo rebelled in Shouyang in the name of Zhu Yi and others disorderly governing, promoting teachers and eliminating traitors.When Xiao Yan heard the news, he was not alarmed. He sent a decree to appoint Xiao Fan, king of Poyang, Taizhou governor, and others as the governors of the four provinces of east, west, south, north, and south.When Hou Jingwen heard that the army was approaching, he immediately led the army to advance eastward, and even went down to Qiaozhou and Liyang, and the soldiers reached the riverside in a short time. After Hou Jing led his troops across the Qinhuai River, they surrounded Taicheng, beat drums and horns, and attacked the city with all their strength.The governor of the capital, Yang Kan, falsely claimed that he had obtained the letter from the king of Shaoling, saying that the reinforcements would arrive immediately, and the guards were not at ease, so they fought hard to defend the city.After several days of stalemate, Hou Jing, in order to appeal to the world, made Xiao Hong's son Xiao Zhengde the emperor, and made himself the prime minister. When Xiao Lun, king of Shaoling, arrived at Zhongli, he learned that Hou Jing had crossed the river, so he traveled day and night to return to the army for help.When crossing the river, the wind blew up, and one or two tenths of the men and horses drowned.Nai led the pace and rode 30,000 elites, heading west from Jingkou.However, due to getting lost, we made a detour of more than 20 li, and arrived at Zhongshan to set up camp at dawn the next day.Seeing Xiao Lun's sudden arrival, Hou Jing couldn't help being terrified, and hastily divided his troops into three groups to attack Xiao Lun.Xiao Lun defeated Hou Jun and entered Aijing Temple.Hou Jing also sent troops to station in the north of Fuzhou Mountain.In the evening, Hou Jing withdrew his troops and retreated slowly. General Annan Hou Xiao Jun of Xiao Lun's Department thought that Hou Jing was timid, so he led his troops to chase after him. Hou Jing returned to counterattack and defeated Xiao Jun.Jun fled into Lun's camp, Hou Jing took advantage of the situation to kill Xiao Lun, and defeated Xiao Lun.Xiao Lun only collected the remaining troops and less than a thousand people fled to Zhufang (now Wujin County, Jiangsu). After Hou Jing defeated Xiao Lun, he attacked Taicheng again.At this time, Yang Kan had died of illness, and the soldiers in the city panicked even more.At the critical moment, Liu Jin, the general of the right guard, calmly and calmly led the crowd to resist, and the city defense depended on this restoration.A few days later, reinforcements from all directions had arrived, and Liu Zhongli, the son of Liujin and the governor of Tongzhou, was elected as the governor to command the overall situation.Liu Zhongli assigned the generals to choose a place to camp, and specially ordered Wei Can, the governor of Hengzhou, to garrison Qingtang. He personally entered Wei Can's camp and said to him: "Qingtang is right in the middle of the stone road, and it has always been a place for military strategists. Such a heavy responsibility is very important. Brother, I can’t bear it. If you feel that the troops are not enough, I can send someone to help.” After finishing speaking, he ordered Zhige General Liu Shuyin to assist in the battle. In the first month of the third year of Taiqing (549 A.D.), Wei Can set out in compliance with the order, but encountered heavy snow and lost his way. When he arrived at Qingtang, it was already past half night.Before the Zhaizha was built, it was discovered by Hou Jing.Hou Jing led his troops to attack, Liu Shuyin fled without fighting, Wei Can and others fought hard and died.Liu Zhongli had already moved to Dazheng camp at this time. Hearing the news of Wei Can's defeat, he immediately put on chopsticks and put on armor, and led a hundred horsemen to rescue him, defeating the Jing army.Zhong Li was chasing and killing Hou Jing, but Hou Jing's troops slashed Zhi Boren from behind and hit Zhong Li's left shoulder.From then on, Hou Jing dared not cross to the south, but Zhong Li was also discouraged. He stopped talking about the war and spent his days drinking and whoring for pleasure.In March, Hou Jing saw that the reinforcements from all walks of life had no fighting spirit, so he tried his best to attack the city day and night.Dong Xun and Xiong Tanlang, Song generals in the city, saw that the situation was over, so they secretly welcomed Hou Jing into the city. Soon, Hou Jing sent Wang Wei to see Xiao Yan, expressing that he wanted to personally worship in front of the palace gate to "apology", Xiao Yan agreed, and asked Hou Jing to meet in the Taiji East Hall.When Hou Jing came with 500 soldiers to defend himself, Xiao Yan looked calm and asked, "You have been in the army for a long time, must have worked hard?" Hou Jing did not dare to look up, his face was covered with sweat.Xiao Yan found it funny when he saw it, and continued to ask: "Which state are you from? How dare you raise troops to commit crimes? Are your wives and children still in the north?" Hou Jing was terrified and didn't know what to do. Said: "Chen Jing's wife and children were all slaughtered by the Gao family. Today, I surrender to Your Majesty alone." Xiao Yan asked again: "How many troops were there when we first crossed the river?" Thousands of people." "Where was the siege of Taicheng?" "100,000." Xiao Yan asked again: "How many people are there now?" Hou Jing replied: "Within the land, it must be his own." Xiao Yan comforted him He said in a calm tone: "Since you have the heart to be loyal to me, you should restrain the sergeants and not harass the people." Hou Jing left without hesitation. After Hou Jing withdrew, he said to his confidant Wang Senggui: "I often fight on a saddle horse, fighting with arrows and blades, and I have never been afraid. Now I see Xiao Yan, but I feel afraid. Is it really difficult to offend the power of heaven? I can't see him again It is gone." So the guards in the palace were removed, and soldiers were sent into the province, either driving donkeys and leading horses, or carrying swords and knives, going in and out of the palace without any scruples.Xiao Yan was surprised when he saw it, and said that he was a soldier of Prime Minister Hou.Xiao Yan said angrily: "Isn't it Hou Jing? How can you say it's the prime minister!" Hou Jing heard this and was furious. He immediately sent a private party to monitor Xiao Yan's every move. .Xiao Yan had some demands, but most of them were not satisfied, so he became sick with anxiety and anger, and couldn't even get out of bed.Reluctantly postponed until May, Xiao Yan lay in the Jingju hall, feeling bitter in his mouth, unable to ask for honey, calling himself: "He! He!" No one answered, and then he died with his eyes closed.At the age of 86.The temple name is "Gaozu" and the posthumous title is "Emperor Wu". He was buried in Xiuling.