Chapter 28 Chapter 28 The Forgotten War

〔Battle of Sui Attack on Tuyuhun〕 During the great Sui and Tang Dynasties, the martial arts were terrific, they fought against Tubo, and fought against Turks. There are countless legends of heroes in the vast annals of history.However, the battle against Tuyuhun in the Sui Dynasty seemed a bit mediocre and bleak under the brilliant light of the famous generals in the Sui and Tang Dynasties.In fact, the Sui attack on Tuyuhun was not only the prelude to the unification of China by the Sui Dynasty, but also the starting gun for China, which had gone through divisions and wars, to return to prosperity.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties, Tuyuhun was originally a branch of the Murong tribe of Xianbei in Liaodong, and it was entrenched in the Qinghai area of ​​Hexi. Compared with the grassland favorites such as Rouran Turks, it naturally had a much lower reputation.However, different from the traditional nomads, the Tuyuhun has entered the semi-agricultural and semi-nomadic economic stage. Such a nation is naturally much more threatening than a pure nomad, and its position is stuck in the throat of the Silk Road. The Hexi region of the country has posed a serious threat.Since the Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Tuyuhun surrendered and rebelled from time to time, and when the Central Plains Dynasty was strong, it was attached, and the Central Plains Dynasty took advantage of the internal strife, just like a steel nail, stuck in the ribs of the Central Plains Dynasty.Therefore, before launching the reunification of the North and the South, the talented and bold Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty first freed up his hands to solve the Tuyuhun problem.In 581 A.D., Yuan Xie, a general of the Sui Dynasty and above, was the marshal. He rode several horses out of Ledu, Qinghai, and attacked Tuyuhun in the west. He defeated the main force of Tuyuhun in the Battle of Fengli Mountain and captured tens of thousands of prisoners.This battle basically eliminated the threat of Tuyuhun to the border of the Sui Dynasty. After this war, the Sui army went to the south of the Yangtze River and flattened the country of Chen, basically completing the north-south unification of the country. It is said that the battle of Pingtuyuhun was the prelude to the Sui Dynasty's unification of China. Not too much.

But this was only the beginning for the war between the Sui Dynasty and Tuyuhun.After the Sui Dynasty unified the north and the south, the attack on the Tuyuhun did not stop. From Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty to Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, two generations of kings continued to attack the Tuyuhun, and they must completely defeat this stubborn tribe.The long war consumed the national power of the Sui Dynasty and became an important factor for the death of Sui Dynasty II.The Tang Dynasty, which was established on behalf of the Sui Dynasty, also inherited the policy of the Sui Dynasty towards Tuyuhun. After several conquests, the Tang general Li Jing finally defeated Tuyuhun completely during the reign of Zhenguan.From then on, this tribe that once dominated Hexi gradually went to extinction, and was finally wiped out by Tubo, completing a historical concept.

We can explain the Battle of Tuyuhun in the Sui and Tang Dynasties from multiple factors such as national defense.However, through countless dusty histories, we can clearly find that the battle of attacking Tuyuhun in the west actually involved a grand strategy of the powerful Central Plains dynasties in the past dynasties-the westward strategy.Like the opening of the Western Regions by the Han Dynasty, the powerful Central Plains dynasties of all dynasties have regarded opening up the Silk Road and restoring sovereignty over the Western Regions as a grand strategy for national peace and development.And Tuyuhun was the big nail that straddled the Sui and Tang dynasties leading to the Silk Road.The defeat of Tuyuhun allowed the Sui and Tang dynasties to consolidate their sovereignty in the Hexi region, based on which the Chinese civilization was spread to the Western Regions, and the Silk Road across Eurasia was unimpeded from then on, which opened up another grand event for the Chinese nation. prelude.The Battle of Zhengtu and Yuhun was the first springboard for Chinese civilization to break through the Guanshan barrier and lead to the Eurasian continent.Even if its significance is compared with Tang Ping's Turkic War, it is not inferior.

[The Battle of Weizhou in the Tang Dynasty to Break Tubo] The magnificent martial arts in the prosperous Tang Dynasty make people fascinated to recall, but the history of the late Tang Dynasty after the Anshi Rebellion always makes historians unbearable to look back.That dark age, which has always been considered to be the eunuch's chaos and the dictatorship of feudal towns, even though it was the end of the Tang Dynasty, under the pressure of survival, the Tang Dynasty's army still partially maintained the powerful combat effectiveness of the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. The courage to help the building, and the courage to win the foreign wars again and again under extremely difficult conditions, ensured the peace on the border of the Tang Dynasty, which was heading towards the end of the world, and once ushered in the "ZTE" for the country.In 801 A.D., Wei Gao, the Jiannan Jiedu envoy of the Tang Dynasty, defeated Tubo in the battle of Weizhou, which was the brilliant work of the Tang army in the last days.

After the Anshi Rebellion, the strength of the Tang Dynasty was greatly damaged, and the border defense line was also seriously shrunk.The powerful Tubo Empire on the western front continued to advance eastward, and after occupying the Hexi Corridor, it increasingly ravaged the borders of the Tang Dynasty.After the mid-Tang Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty had to deal with the predicament of separatist regimes, and at the same time, it had to face the huge military pressure of Tubo on the border.In such a situation of internal and external troubles, the Tang Army and the Tubo Army have continued to fight on the border for more than 50 years, winning and losing each other. However, in the case of losing strategic locations such as Longyou, the Tang Army has always been in a passive strategic situation. .In 801 A.D., Tubo once again launched a large-scale attack on the western front of the Tang Dynasty. They successively captured Linzhou and other strategic places in the Tang Dynasty and forced Chang'an. Surround Wei and save Zhao.Wei Gao, the Jiannan Jiedu envoy stationed in Sichuan, led 20,000 infantry and cavalry, and divided his troops into nine routes through Sichuan into the territory of Tubo. He fought for 4 months, captured 7 cities, burned 150 fortresses, and defeated the Tubo Dashi coalition successively. 160,000 people.In the decisive battle in Weizhou, Wei Gao used the method of siege and reinforcements to eliminate the reinforcements from the northwest of Tubo, and became the final winner of the battle.After 4 months of continuous attack, the Tang army captured more than 10,000 people and surrendered more than 3,000 households. This not only relieved the threat of Tubo to the northwestern border of the Tang Dynasty, but also dealt a heavy blow to Tubo who was trying to take control of the Central Plains.

From the perspective of the war pattern of Tubo in the entire Tang Dynasty, if the Anshi Rebellion was a major turning point for Tubo to take the strategic initiative, then the Battle of Weizhou was another major turning point between the Tang and Tubo wars.Before the Battle of Weizhou, Tubo's occupation of Hexi was like a huge machete, which was placed on the top of the Tang Dynasty. Wei Gao took a different approach and opened up a second battlefield in the southwest region, successively occupying strategic locations in the southwest of Tubo, like a The dagger was inserted horizontally under the elbow and armpit of the Tubo people, thus completely reversing the passive situation of the Tang Dynasty in strategic defense.After the Battle of Weizhou, the strength of Tubo was greatly weakened, and the threat to the Tang Dynasty was greatly weakened.Since then, the Tubo Empire, which once dominated the Eurasian interior, has also begun to decline. Not only is it no longer able to launch a large-scale attack on the Tang Dynasty, but its ability to control the original territories has gradually weakened. There have been small-scale military conflicts, but large-scale wars are no longer.In 821 A.D., the Tang Dynasty and Tubo met in Changqing, which completely ended the hundreds of years of continuous confrontation and war between the two military groups. In the following days, both sides faithfully followed this covenant.Wei Gao's outstanding martial arts in defeating Tubo is just a key to open the door to peace between the two groups.The world criticized the politics of the late Tang Dynasty a lot. However, through the glory of the Battle of Weizhou, we can still vaguely see the glory of martial arts in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.

[The Battle of Uyghur Wujie Khan in Tang Dynasty] Speaking of the relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the Uighurs, it is really the most delicate among the Tang Dynasty and the surrounding ethnic minorities.The Uyghur is the family with the closest relationship with the Tang Dynasty among the minority regimes around the Tang Dynasty. The Uyghur khans of all dynasties have to accept the title of the Tang Dynasty and always maintain the relationship with the Tang Dynasty. It was also the civil strife in the middle and late Tang Dynasty, and the Uighurs all assisted them with all their strength, so they can be called the hardcore of the Tang Dynasty.But on the other hand, the Uighurs also had an insatiable face, especially after the decline of the middle and late Tang Dynasty, although the Uighurs always maintained a vassal relationship with the Tang Dynasty, they actually repeatedly committed immoral things while taking advantage of the fire.Not to mention that many cities in the Central Plains were looted during the Pingan History Rebellion. After the Middle Tang Dynasty, the Uighurs repeatedly oppressed the Tang Dynasty. They attacked the Tang Dynasty’s army in Anxi in the northwest, occupied the Tang Dynasty’s original sphere of influence in the Western Regions, and monopolized the Silk Road. trading.The Uighur envoys and merchants ran rampant in Tang territory, but the Tang government was helpless.The Uighurs not only bought and sold by force in the border trade, but also often took advantage of the border chaos in the Tang Dynasty to get a share of the pie.The relationship between the Tang Dynasty and the Uighurs was more like the relationship between a big family and his distant nephew. With the power of the big family declining day by day, this distant relative also took the opportunity to overwhelm the leader and add insult to injury.However, under the pressure of border troubles and the difficult situation of the separatist regime, the Tang Dynasty chose to swallow their anger more.

But the good times for the Uighurs did not last long. After the 8th century, the power of the Uyghurs gradually showed signs of decline, and finally they were hit hard by the Kirgiz tribe in Central Asia in 840 AD, and finally went to extinction.The rest of the Uyghur tribe appointed Wu Jie as Khan, moved to the Hetao Plain, and asked the Tang Dynasty to be included.Naturally, the Tang Dynasty extended a helping hand out of righteousness and hurriedly donated food to help these Uighur remnants temporarily settle down in the lush Hetao Plain.However, Wu Jie Khan, who had not settled down for a long time, soon became dishonest.After a short rest, the Uyghurs regained some vitality and began to frequently attack Tang Dynasty counties and counties, and even asked to borrow Tang Dynasty border towns to settle down in an attempt to stage a good show of magpies' nests and doves occupying.At this time, Wujie Khan occupied Hetao, claiming to have 100,000 soldiers. Although it was far from its heyday, it had become a huge threat to the northern border of the Tang Dynasty.What's more, these Uyghur warriors who escaped to the Hetao through hardships are all Uyghur warriors who have experienced many battles, and their combat effectiveness and fierce spirit are quite strong.We can feel the severe border situation of the Tang Dynasty from countless similar scenes in history.When the Huns conquered Europe, the Visigoths fled west in the name of asking Western Rome to take them in, and finally destroyed the prosperous Western Rome.The monarchs and ministers of the Tang Dynasty naturally could not know the history of Europe, but the drama of chaos after the Huns moved inland naturally reminded their fragile nerves: 100,000 Hetao Uighurs are like a huge time bomb, which may detonate at any time.

Fortunately, Tang Wuzong, the emperor of the Tang Dynasty at that time, was a sensible person, and the man who presided over the great affairs was the famous prime minister Li Deyu.Therefore, from the very beginning of the incident, the Tang Dynasty adopted methods of combining grace and power.On the one hand, he kindly appeased the Uighurs who moved westward, and divided and disintegrated their tribes; on the other hand, he dispatched troops to the north, ordering all the troops on the northern front of the Tang Dynasty to enter a state of first-level combat readiness, and to be ready to attack the invading enemy at any time.The painstaking efforts of the Tang Dynasty were not in vain. The pro-Tang forces among the Uyghur tribe defected to the Tang Dynasty one after another, and Wujie Khan’s several attacks on the border towns of the Tang Dynasty were also bravely repelled by the Tang army, resulting in a farce of stealing chickens and losing money.Wujie Khan's power has shrunk severely, and his followers have fled. However, even at this time, Wujie Khan is still ambitious.He gathered his men and horses to go south to Datongchuan to attack the Shanxi area of ​​the Tang Dynasty. For a time, the border areas were full of smoke and wars.There is a way to heaven, you don't go, and there is no way to hell, you break in. The unbearable Tang Dynasty finally made a move.In the first month of 843 A.D., Liu Mian, the envoy of the Uighurs of the Tang Dynasty, led the troops of the Tang Dynasty to launch a counterattack and launched a decisive battle with the Uighurs in Zhenwu City.The Tang Dynasty adopted light cavalry raid tactics, with 3,000 light cavalry raiding the Uighur Yazhang, while the large Tang army launched a night attack from the front.The Uyghur army caught off guard was beaten to collapse across the board. The Tang army pursued the victory and completely defeated it in Shahushan (now Hanshan, the right banner of Bahrain, Inner Mongolia). The princess of the Tang Dynasty who was looted.So far, the mighty Uyghur Empire has finally come to its end.

Compared with Wei Gao's battle against Tubo in Weizhou, Tang's battle against the Uighur remnants can be regarded as a turning point in the strategic defense of the Tang Dynasty in the late Tang Dynasty.The border troubles of the Tang Dynasty have always been concentrated in the northwest region, especially the two powerful neighbors of Uighur and Tubo.After Tubo declined and reconciled with the Tang Dynasty, the powerful Uyghur Empire also went to perish.In the late Tang Dynasty, when politics and military affairs were both heading towards the end of the world, it was the result of the diplomatic and military efforts of several generations of politicians and military strategists that they were able to solve this long-plagued border problem.After defeating Wujie Khan, the Tang Dynasty conferred the title of the Kirgasi tribe that defeated the Uighurs.And the Miajias tribe, who claimed to be the descendant of Li Ling in the Han Dynasty, was also loyal to the Tang Dynasty. unimpeded.Since then, the frontier troubles in the northwest of the Tang Dynasty were basically eliminated, but the threat in the northeast region was increasing day by day. The Khitan tribe in the northeast gradually rose and became the biggest threat to the Central Plains Dynasty.Another significance of this battle is that the other two tribes that participated in the battle against the Uighurs in the Tang Dynasty: Shatuo and Dangxiang were rewarded by the Tang Dynasty for their hard work in this battle, and even took advantage of the defeat of the Uighurs It has filled its gap in the Hetao area and strengthened its own strength.The former took advantage of the opportunity of the Huangchao uprising to go south to the Central Plains, dominated Shanxi, and established himself as emperor after the fall of the Tang Dynasty, establishing the Central Plains Later Tang Kingdom which was of great significance during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.The latter worked hard in the Hetao area, and finally broke out after the Song Dynasty, and established a powerful dynasty that dominated the Hexi Corridor-Xixia.It is probably most appropriate to say that this war is the beginning of two weak tribes jumping over the dragon's gate. 〔Battle of Xia City in Xiaping, Song Dynasty〕 Historians have a lot of controversy over the content of Wang Anshi's reform, but one thing is generally recognized. The greatest achievement of Wang Anshi's reform is not in economics and politics, but in military affairs.From the beginning of Wang Anshi's reform, the military reform of the Song Dynasty, especially the military reform in the northwest region, became the focus of the reform. In a sense, the Northwest Army Town in the Song Dynasty was the "special zone" of Wang Anshi's reform.The Northwest Army has independent command and command power, and the combat quality and general quality of the soldiers have also been improved with the deepening of the reform, which gradually reversed the passive situation of the Song Dynasty in the Song-Xia War and created a rare army for the Song Dynasty. elite teacher.Regrettably, all these achievements have been ignored by historians because of the final defeat of the Northern Song Dynasty and the controversy over the right and wrong of Wang Anshi's reform. Ordinary people tend to regard the conclusion of the peace treaty between Xixia and the Song Dynasty in 1041 AD as the end of the Song-Xia War, but in real history, the paper peace treaty was just a short rest.After the founding monarch of Western Xia, Yuan Hao, died of illness, peace between Song and Xia was maintained for 20 years. However, after the death of Song Renzong, the war between Song and Xia finally resumed, which also became a motivation for Wang Anshi's reform.In the dispute between the old and new parties in the Song Dynasty, the military reform in the Northwest became the only fruit left in the new law.The Song Dynasty always regarded the rectification of military affairs in the Northwest as the focus of its national policy, and this policy soon paid off.In the next 30 years, the Song Dynasty and Xixia fought in the northwest for years, winning and losing each other, but gradually reversed the situation of being passively beaten in the Renzong era, and even took the initiative to attack Xixia in the head-to-head contest.In this long war of attrition, Xixia, whose national power was weak, gradually began to decline.And the Battle of Songxia Pingxia City that took place in 1097 AD was the last madness of Xixia. In 1097 AD, the Song Dynasty built a city defense in the Haoshuichuan area, named Pingxia City.This strong fortress is like an iron nail embedded in the land of Xixia.Xixia responded immediately and dispatched 400,000 troops to attack Pingxia City as a springboard for attacking the Northern Song Dynasty.But they didn't expect that in the following 13 days, the small Pingxia City was like a huge meat grinder, turning Haoshuichuan into a place of death for Xixia people.The Xixia people besieged Pingxia City heavily and used advanced weapons such as siege chariots, but they were unable to move forward under the stubborn resistance of the Song Army.The corpses of the Xixia people piled into mountains, and the casualties were heavy. Song General Guo Cheng seized the favorable opportunity and adopted light cavalry raid tactics. When the Xixia people were weakest, they suddenly launched an attack and wiped out the headquarters of the Xixia army in one fell swoop.The 400,000 Xixia army collapsed in an instant, and the Song army chased after the victory and defeated the Xixia army.After this war, the Xixia army was forced to sue for peace, and the western border of the Song Dynasty was temporarily calm for a while. The Battle of Pingxia City was not a simple battle of attacking and defending the city.This battle was Xixia's last large-scale military attack on the Song Dynasty before the Jin soldiers invaded the south. The victory of this battle completely changed the offensive and defensive between Song and Xia, and also opened the prelude to the Song Dynasty's step by step and gradually encroaching on the Xixia land.In the following 20 years, the once rampant Xixia completely became the defensive side, while the Song Dynasty began a series of offensive wars against Xixia.Although Xixia repelled the large-scale attacks of the Song Dynasty several times, it was unable to change the passive situation on the border.After paying a huge price of casualties, by 1119 AD, the Song Dynasty had completely captured the Hengshan area of ​​Xixia, making Xixia lose the last barrier against the Northern Song Dynasty.If it weren't for the incident of the Jin army going south, we can predict that the early demise of Xixia and the capture of the Hexi area by the Northern Song Dynasty may only be a matter of time. The most surprising thing about the Battle of Pingxia City was the powerful combat effectiveness of the Northwest Army of the Song Dynasty.The Song Army has always been underestimated because of its weak military strength. However, in the Battle of Pingxia City, the Song Army continued their traditional advantages of being good at city defense warfare on the one hand, and on the other hand, they used cavalry warfare, which the Song Dynasty people were least good at, to finally solve the problem. problem.This is really a breakthrough in the military tactics of the Song Dynasty, and this breakthrough is inseparable from the Northwest Policy of the Northern Song Dynasty.Before the Battle of Pingxia City, the Song Army and the Xixia Army fought each other in the northwest region, and captured a considerable number of horse-producing areas, which provided a guarantee for the establishment of high-quality cavalry corps. Combat power has been raised to a higher level.In the disgraceful history of foreign wars in the Song Dynasty, the battle for the northwest in the second half of the Northern Song Dynasty was a bright spot.If history can really give the Northern Song Dynasty enough time to pacify Xixia, and continue to build a strong cavalry by taking advantage of the resources in the Hexi region, perhaps the entire history of the Song Dynasty will be written in a different way. It is a pity that the strength of the Northwest military did not save the Northern Song Dynasty from perishing. We can only regret to say that this was a mistake in the Northern Song Dynasty's military strategy.Since the alliance of Chanyuan, the focus of strategic defense in the Northern Song Dynasty gradually shifted westward, and the long border between Song and Liao was basically undefended.And the "800,000 Forbidden Army" that had always been relied on by the rulers of the Song Dynasty had long been corrupted and unable to fight, and finally caused the Northern Song Dynasty's national defense to appear "weightless."The strength of the Northwest Army in the Song Dynasty can only be regarded as an outlier in the military of the Northern Song Dynasty.When the Liao Kingdom fell and the Jin Dynasty went south, the northern defense line of the Song Dynasty was vulnerable, and was quickly brought to Bianliang by the Jin army.However, the powerful northwest defense line was facing the two-sided attack of the Jin army and the Xixia army, and was finally broken and divided by the joint efforts of Xixia and Jin.This cannot but be said to be a sad thing. The strength of the local frontier army cannot save the incompetence and mistakes in the country's military grand strategy after all.It is worth mentioning that at the turning point from the fall of the Northern Song Dynasty to the early establishment of the Southern Song Dynasty, the Northwest Army of the former Northern Song Dynasty also played an important role. In the troops of Wu Jie and Yue Fei, the famous anti-gold generals of the Southern Song Dynasty, there were a large number of troops from the Northwest Army. warrior.They dealt a heavy blow to the Jin army on the battlefield, proving the glory and dignity of the departing troops. [Battle for Xiangfan by Meng Gong in the Song Dynasty] In the golden age when the Mongolian army swept across Europe and Asia, who could defeat the Mongolian army in a head-to-head field battle?Looking around the world, there are only a handful of people who can complete this task, and Meng Gong, a famous general in the Southern Song Dynasty, is one of them.However, the popularity of this famous general in the contemporary era is not too high, neither like Yu Jie's great victory in Diaoyu City in the era, nor like Wen Tianxiang and other loyal ministers behind him.People only remember the funny process that the Southern Song Dynasty wanted to take advantage of the opportunity of Mongolia to destroy the gold to take advantage of the fire to rob and recover Bianliang, but failed to steal the chicken and was beaten by the Mongolian army.The emergence of Meng Gong at least partially redeemed the price paid by the wrong strategy of the Southern Song Dynasty, and continued the national destiny of the Southern Song Dynasty. Among the generals in the late Southern Song Dynasty, Meng Gong was one of the few generals who were good at offensive warfare.In the process of the Mongols uniting the Song Dynasty to destroy the Jin Dynasty, it was he who led his troops to the north and joined forces with the Mongolian army to capture Caizhou, the last fortress of the Jin Kingdom, and completely sent the last Jin Dynasty to the grave.As a result, Song Lizong, the hot-headed emperor of the Song Dynasty, began to look forward to restoring the Central Plains.Taking advantage of the opportunity of the Mongolian soldiers retreating northward, the Song Dynasty sent troops into Henan in an attempt to recover the lost land occupied by the Kingdom of Jin, which happened to give the ambitious Okuotai Khan an excuse to invade the south.As a result, the Mongolian army that had just swept across Europe and Asia turned around and launched a fierce attack on the Southern Song Dynasty from the three fronts of Jianghuai, Xiangfan, and Sichuan in 1235 A.D. under the name of the Song Dynasty.The Song Army, which suffered a heavy blow, retreated quickly, and the flames of war burned into the border of the Song Dynasty, and the defense of the Xiangfan area became the lifeline of the Southern Song Dynasty's anti-Mongolian war.Unfortunately, the Mongolian army quickly captured Xiangyang and fully grasped the offensive initiative.In a crisis, the Song Dynasty hurriedly transferred Meng Gong to the north to clean up this dilapidated mess.However, in Wo Kuotai's view, it is useless for anyone to come at this time. The Mongolian army is in full swing, and it may only be a matter of time before the Song Dynasty is destroyed. Meng Gong quickly taught the Mongolian army a lesson.Facing the aggressive offensive of the Mongolian army, Meng Gong took the initiative to attack and broke through 24 Mongolian army strongholds on the Jianghan Plain, achieving the "Great Victory in Jiangling", which gave the Mongolian army a disarm.Wo Kuotai had to face up to this opponent.However, he did not expect that the battle of Xiangfan, which was supposed to be overwhelming, would turn into a long tug-of-war.Meng Gong's Song army and the Mongolian army attacked and defended each other on the Jianghan Plain, winning and losing each other. The tyrannical Mongolian army was still unable to move forward.The Mongolian army used all kinds of tactics, but they were still unable to defeat Meng Gong.In 1239 AD, the Song army severely damaged the Mongolian army in the Battle of Luzhou.Meng Gong took advantage of the victory and pursued, severely inflicting heavy losses on the Mongolian army in offensive battles one after another, and finally succeeded in regaining Xiangyang, Xinyang and other lost ground.It completely bankrupted the Mongolian army's strategy of using the Jianghan Plain as a springboard to advance southward.Meng Gong was not satisfied with this. After smashing the Mongols' attack in the Jianghan Plain, Meng Gong quickly moved his troops westward, beat the Mongols' troops attacking Sichuan, defeated the main force of the Mongolian army again in the Battle of Daya Village, and recovered Kui's troops. The state and so on lost ground.So far, the entire front of the Southern Song Dynasty's defense against Mongolia has become a solid front, and Mongolia's first war against the Southern Song Dynasty also ended in failure after 6 years. The Battle of Xiangfan was the first real head-to-head confrontation between the Mongolian Army and the Southern Song Army. The significance of this battle was not only that it continued the Southern Song Dynasty for 50 years.The Song Army, which has always been considered weak, played a strong combat effectiveness and high-tech equipment advantages in the anti-Mongolian battle, which further proves one thing: once the economically dominant Song Dynasty, once the war machine is fully activated, its effectiveness is undoubtedly very high. scary.High-quality military command personnel and an efficient command system fully enabled the Song Dynasty to maximize its economic and technological advantages.If the Song Dynasty can have a capable monarch who knows people well, can adjust the national policy appropriately, and give military commanders more initiative, if there can be a few virtuous civil servants who really take the country as their own responsibility, the fate of the Song Dynasty from extinction is completely certain. avoidable.Regrettably, what we see mostly is the ending of the heroes of the Song Dynasty who did not die well.Except for Meng Gong, almost all the famous anti-Mongolian generals in the Song Dynasty were framed and died.The disorderly government of the treacherous ministers and the fatuousness of the emperor pushed the Song Dynasty into the abyss.Even so, the victory of the Menggong-Xiangfan battle created a solid barrier for the Song Dynasty that was strong enough to resist the Mongolian army going south, and the Mongolian army paid a bloody price for countless southward invasions.The Mongols, who had learned from it, began to adjust their original political and military policies, focusing on learning the technology and naval tactics of the Southern Song Dynasty, and widely appointed Han generals and Han troops.Later, the Mongolian battle against the Song Dynasty basically became a battle between the northern Han people and the southern Han people. This cannot but be said to be a kind of irony.