Chapter 36 Chapter 35
From the summer of 1659 to the summer of 1660, the heaven and the earth completed another cycle of four seasons.
In the reincarnation of the four seasons, Pingxi Wang Wu Sangui has gained a lot and is in a good mood.
Emperor Yongli fled to Burma, and his small court was like a candle in the wind, with only a little dim light remaining.
The organized resistance of the Sichuan Ming army subsided gradually.The Qing army has successively occupied Guanxian, Mianzhu, Shifang, Hanzhou, Jianzhou, Chengdu and other places, and the threat from the flanks has been lifted.
The "untimely" uprising by Nasong, the magistrate of Yuanjiang in Yunnan Province in the Southern Ming Dynasty, has subsided after more than three months of encirclement and suppression by the army.
Ma Weixing, the male of the Ming Dynasty who retreated to the west of Yunnan, Ma Bao, the male of the Zhunguo, Ma Zide, the son of Ma Jinzhong, the king of Hanyang, Wu Zisheng, the Marquis of Huairen, Yang Wu, the Marquis of Zhengman, and other "high officials" of the Southern Ming Dynasty successively surrendered to the Qing Dynasty and brought three Wan Jiangjun.These surrendered troops were reorganized into ten battalions of new attached troops by Comrade Sangui in a way of "transplanting flowers and trees", which became one of his "quasi-directed" troops.
Only Li Dingguo and Bai Wenxuan, who were branded as "guerrillas", are still ruthless and still making waves in the border areas, shaking the trees with gnats.
Reminiscing about the past, learning about the years!
Look at tomorrow, full of pride!
In this context, a bold idea was quietly born in Wu Sangui's mind!
He wants to make the Wu family become the "New King of Dian" guarding Yunnan and Guizhou for generations after the Mu family of the Ming Dynasty through his own operations.
This is not only his personal wish, but also the collective wish of his subordinates who have come to eat and sleep with him and bet their lives on tomorrow since entering the customs.
Yes, after seventeen years of traveling here and there, everyone should have a home to live in!
To Wu Sangui's delight, their wish has gradually become a reality within reach due to chance and coincidence.
First, Anyuan Jingkou General Doni, Ningnan Jingkou General Luo Tuo, and Nanzheng General Zhao Butai couldn't bear the humidity and heat in the southwest, and led their Manchurian soldiers back to the north.
Later, Hong Chengchou, the manager, returned to Beijing for recuperation due to aggravated eye disease (this time it was true).
Only he, who had the thickest skin and the strongest adaptability, stayed and took charge of military and civilian affairs in Yunnan and Guizhou.
Although the official title was given by the Qing government at the end of the Qing Dynasty, he, who is in power, has regarded this magical place in the south of the colorful clouds as his "private land" and forbids anyone to touch it again.
Naturally, the old owners of this land—Emperor Yongli and Li Dingguo—became the "thorn in the eye and thorn in the flesh" that he had to get rid of quickly.
But between Emperor Yongli and Li Dingguo, which is more important, and between Wu Sangui and the Qing court, there are still differences.
Wu Sangui believed that Emperor Yongli was the head and Li Dingguo was the arm.It is necessary to spend a lot of effort to cut off the big head of Emperor Yongli before Li Dingguo's arm can hardly survive.
But the Qing court did not have the knowledge of brains and arms. They were very optimistic that, first, Emperor Yongli who had fled into Burma was like a grasshopper after autumn, and could be left to fend for himself; As long as the new government pays attention to people's livelihood and strengthens cultural governance in Yunnan, these "guerrillas" will lose the soil for survival, and they can win without fighting, and there is no need to send special troops to suppress them.
The Qing court made such a decision not because it was benevolent, but because it was out of money!
Years of military use and financial depletion, by 1660, it was almost unsustainable, and there was really no money for Wu Sangui to continue to toss.
In the case of contradicting the opinion of the Qing court, Wu Sangui's famous memorial - "Three Troubles and Two Difficulties" was born!
In this famous memorial at the time, Wu Sangui first said that if Emperor Yongli survived in Burma, it would bring "three major worries" to Yunnan.
One is Li Dingguo and Bai Wenxuan, who can use the banner of Emperor Yongli to confuse people's hearts at any time and make a comeback. This is the family's trouble;
The second is the chieftain of Yunnan, who is still deeply attached to the Ming Dynasty and has a deep gratitude. Once Emperor Yongli made a wish for him, he may rebel with his troops. This is a problem;
The third is the defected Ming army, although they have been "placed on the spot", but they can't remember their old masters. Once Emperor Yongli and Li Dingguo join forces to commit internal crimes, they will definitely have a heart of rebellion.
After talking about the "three troubles", Wu Sangui began to talk about the "dilemma".
The "dilemma" means that if the "three troubles" are not eliminated, it will lead to too many garrisons; too many garrisons will cause the people to be overburdened; ... Its sub-folding can be said to be closely linked and linked together.
This memorial is indeed Comrade Wu Sangui's rare and beautiful work in the field of official document writing for many years (to his surprise, when he raises troops in the name of "revenge for Emperor Yongli" in the future, this memorial will immediately He was announced to the world by the Qing court and became a powerful weapon to expose his ugly face).
Under the guidance of his memorial, which reveals a strong sense of crisis everywhere, the Qing court's political king, Baylor, and ministers' meeting were "forced to agree" to his plan of attack and suppression, and the Ministry of Households distributed an additional 2.3 million taels of special payment to the whole country. Silver, after collecting enough, hand it over to him as operating expenses.At the same time, he also sent Dingxi General Gong Aixinga to lead an Eight Banners Army to Yunnan to cooperate with him in marching into Burma.
Wu Sangui was not in a hurry to enter the army after receiving Baihuahua's silver taels around August 1661.He slowly wrote a letter to the King of Burma, telling him that the Qing Dynasty would come to Burma and pursue the "top fugitive" Yongli across the country, and asked him to do things for himself and not to do anything that would harm the interests of his own people or the two countries. A matter of friendship!
The Burmese king who received the threatening letter from Wu Sangui was no longer the Burmese king named Pingda Gree a few years ago, but his younger brother Mangbai.
However, this younger brother's succession to the throne was not achieved peacefully in accordance with the succession law of "brother ends with younger brother". Instead, he came to power in May of this year after killing his elder brother Pindagli in a palace coup.
After seizing the throne by violent means, Mangbai immediately sent an invitation to Emperor Yongli, asking him to send an envoy to congratulate him in order to enhance his political influence.
However, although Emperor Yongli was trapped in a foreign country and was impoverished, he still had a bottom line to be the king of a great country. He immediately rejected Mangbai's "improper request" on the grounds that he had "improperly obtained the throne".
Prior to this, Li Dingguo and Bai Wenxuan went deep into Myanmar three times in order to bring Emperor Yongli back to the country. Although they failed to achieve their goals, they caused heavy damage to the intercepted Burmese army. This made the "anti-Ming" sentiment in Myanmar once high. !
Under the old hatred and new hatred, the relationship between Mangbai and the "Political Refuge Group of Emperor Yongli" deteriorated further.
In order to dispel the bad breath in his chest and further control Emperor Yongli, Mangbai elaborately launched a "Curse Water Oath Alliance" conspiracy, and invited Emperor Yongli to send all his ministers to participate.
In order to dispel the doubts of Emperor Yongli and his ministers, the envoys sent by Mangbai repeatedly explained: after the Ming and Burmese people drank the cursed water together, they would resolve their past suspicions, coexist peacefully, and never attack each other again.
Ma Jixiang, who always felt that he was smarter than others, immediately put on the amulet of Mu Tianbo, led a large group of civil and military officials and guards, and crossed the river in a mighty way, heading for the Jianboyan Tower designated by the Burmese side. I am ready to taste the taste of "curse water" with great interest.
But as soon as they got to the pagoda, they were surrounded by three thousand Burmese soldiers.The Burmese soldiers were also very rude to these guests from the upper kingdom of heaven. They slashed with their knives and stabbed with their spears.
The poor Nanming officials and guards were unarmed, so they had to turn around to find firewood sticks and stones for "emergency self-defense".
In this unequal battle, in the end Ma Jixiang did not turn the danger into a blessing, and was "Xiang" when he died. In the painful wailing, he was hacked to death by the Burmese soldiers one by one.
Deng Shilian, Yang Zai, Ma Xiongfei and other officials who came with him were all chopped up, and none of them survived!
Mu Tianbo could have survived, but the Burmese soldiers treated him differently for the noble Duke Qian of the Ming Dynasty. They dragged him out of the encirclement first, but Mu Tianbo was very ignorant, and grabbed the Burmese soldier's knife and resisted vigorously. He killed nine Burmese soldiers in one fell swoop, and was finally killed by the furious Burmese soldiers!
Comrade Mu Tianbo lived a great life and died a glorious death.With his own death, he marked the perfect end to the life-and-death contract that the Zhu and Mu families had executed for more than two hundred years, and interpreted the loyalty of a family for generations!
After the massacre was over, the Burmese soldiers, who were still unsatisfied, turned around and came to kill Emperor Yongli's palace, and started the second round of massacre!
Except for the Emperor Yongli, the Empress Dowager, the Empress, the Prince, internal officials, maids of honor and a small number of officials, the rest of the personnel in the Xinggong Palace were all killed, and the few remaining belongings were also looted. , suddenly deserted, miserable!
Seeing that his goal had been achieved, Mangbai put on an "integrity and kindness" face, ordered his subordinates to stop the criminal activity, cleaned up the scene, and gave food, rice, bedding, silver, etc. to the surviving Nanming monarchs and ministers. Appease, this is the "cursed water incident" that happened in August 1661.
After this incident, Emperor Yongli's "Political Refuge Group" has completely become a pawn in Mangbai's hands, and when to raise it and when to put it down is completely controlled by him.
Of course, Mangbai's purpose of manipulating Emperor Yongli was not entirely out of personal preference. He wanted to protect his country's territory from infringement and its people from massacres during the Ming and Qing wars!
As for whether he handed over Emperor Yongli to Li Dingguo of the Ming Dynasty or Wu Sangui of the Qing Dynasty, there is no conclusion yet, and it depends on the specific situation.That's why when he received Wu Sangui's threatening letter, he was hesitant and hesitant.
But time waits for no one. At the end of August of this year, Wu Sangui's Qing army had divided into two groups and entered Burma without declaring a war.The striker was in full swing, and in November, it was close to Ava, the capital of Myanmar.
The situation of the war could no longer allow Mangbai to play the trick of "dancing on two eggs". On December 2, 1661, he asked Myanmar Minister Xizhen to coax Emperor Yongli and his party out and send them to the Qing camp. Your feet, stop the war and return home.
The whole night, Emperor Yongli suddenly felt like a dream. First, he was told that Li Dingguo would send someone to pick him up, and then he was pushed and shoved on a chair and carried, and rushed all the way to a big river.Finally, by the river, he was led by a "bright general" who claimed to be Wang Hui, and walked towards a brightly lit camp.
It wasn't until he sat down in the camp and saw groups of Qing soldiers with braided hair that he realized that everything was over.
At this moment, he came suddenly, and it came so unbelievably. He had envisioned his own end, but he did not predict that he would finally appear in front of the enemy in such a way.
What he felt at this moment was neither pain nor fear, but an indescribable anger and helplessness.
In a trance, he spent the second half of the night in the Qing camp half asleep and half awake.
In the early morning of the next day, after a few mouthfuls of food indiscriminately, Emperor Yongli began to accept the "worship" of various officials in his special "palace".
Most of these officials who came to "worship" were Han officials, and a small number were Manchu officials.When they meet, they may show shame, or look sad, or amazed.When they met, they were very polite. They either knelt down or made oars, and then they went out in a file without making a sound.
To these Han officials, Emperor Yongli was very calm, neither glaring nor begging for mercy.
After more than an hour, a figure with a moderate build, fair face, and gorgeous clothes appeared in front of Emperor Yongli.
The visitor stood upright in front of Emperor Yongli, quite aloof and indifferent, facing the emperor who had been reduced to a prisoner, he only made a move and then remained silent.
Based on his intuition, Emperor Yongli guessed that the person who came should be the chief planner of this "capture" of himself-Wu Sangui.
But he still asked reservedly: "Who is next?" After failing to answer once, he stared straight at the person who came.
After a stalemate for a while, the visitor suddenly fell to his knees, and replied in an old and sad voice: "It's true, my minister Wu Sangui!"
"Yes, it really was you, the sinner who led the wolf into the house and pushed the Ming Dynasty into a sea of blood and misery!" The anger that had accumulated in his chest for many years finally broke out in the heart of Emperor Yongli in an instant.
In September, when Emperor Yongli learned that Wu Sangui was leading troops into Burma, he personally wrote a begging letter, asking him to look at the thin face of the ancestors of the Ming Dynasty and the grace of the Daxing Emperor Chongzhen. For the sake of being in the same line of the Han family, let me give myself a break.But later developments showed that my performance was purely self-inflicted and a waste of feelings!
Well, if this is the case, then let's have a vigorous debate!
As the affirmative, he sternly asked Wu Sangui: "Is Zhuang not a Han Chinese? Is Zhuang a courtier of the Ming Dynasty? Why are you willing to bear the king for a traitor and treason? Ask yourself where is your conscience?"
The debate started here, but we did not hear any rebuttal from the opposing party, Wu Sangui.
In the process of growing up, everyone has experienced people who are sorry, and things that are unforgivable. These people and things, like heavy hammers, often hit the softest part of their heart at a certain moment.
In the depths of Wu Sangui's heart, in the past half of his life, the most sorry person was not the thirty-three relatives who died for him, but Chongzhen Zhu Youjian.
At the age of sixteen, in order to rescue his father who was besieged by Hou Jin's soldiers, he violated military discipline and rushed out of Shanhaiguan with more than a hundred soldiers... Afterwards, Chongzhen not only did not pursue it, but praised him for "bravely crowning the three armies, Xiao Wen Nine Sides", let him, a boy with curly hair, become famous in one fell swoop.
Afterwards, under Chongzhen's care, his official career was proficient all the way, and before he was thirty, he became a commanding officer who dominated one side.
In the battle of Songshan, he abandoned his coach (Hong Chengchou) and fled.But after Chongzhen knew about it, he didn't pursue it. Instead, he was promoted to the general army of Shanhaiguan in the following year, and all the last elites of Ming Dynasty were handed over to his commander.
And what he can't do the most is to surrender to a foreign race for the sake of glory and wealth.
Because, after all, I am a Han Chinese, shed Han blood, spoke Han language, and received the grace of Han culture...
All these often make him inadvertently, toss and reflect, and feel uneasy!
Emperor Yongli's four consecutive questions, coupled with his vaguely similar appearance to Emperor Chongzhen, suddenly opened the gate of his conscience, and his haughty head suddenly drooped.He cried, from weeping to howling, and finally wept so loudly that he cried ghosts and gods!
Cry, cry, dear Comrade Sangui, maybe only these torrential tears can wash away the dirt in your heart and make your soul temporarily pure!
Now it was Emperor Yongli's turn to be at a loss.
He originally wanted to wait for the fierce debate with Wu Sangui, in order to establish an image of a "awe-inspiring" martyr in the debate.
But his little ideal was gradually softened by Wu Sangui's tears!
He turned to Wu Sangui calmly and said, "Qing Ping!"
These short three words conveyed reconciliation and conveyed warmth, which made Wu Sangui's crying stop suddenly.
But Wu Sangui did not stand up, still knelt, and respectfully asked about the next "plan" of Emperor Yongli.
The following conversation between the two was calm and "sincere and pragmatic".During Wu Sangui's slow interrogation, Emperor Yongli's desire to survive was aroused again, and he revealed his next plan—"I want to go back to Beijing to guard the spirits of our ancestors!"
Wu Sangui had no objection, he said firmly and calmly: "I am willing to do it with sincerity!"
That's the end of the conversation!
After Wu Sangui kowtowed again, he was ready to quit!
But he found that his lower limbs were completely numb, and he couldn't move for a while.
Fortunately, Zuo Zuo noticed his embarrassment, quickly helped him up, and staggered out of Emperor Yongli's "palace".
Outside the "Palace", the sun is dazzling, warm at first but cold at first.Many subordinates gathered together and cast complicated glances at the ashen-faced King Pingxi.
Wu Sangui waved his hands irritably, telling his subordinates to retreat.
Wu Sangui, who returned to the big tent, calmed down for a moment, and conveyed the military order to the whole army to return home.
Having captured the "political giant" Emperor Yongli, it was enough to give an account to the Qing court, and he had no intention of fighting again.
After returning to the border, he left a part of the army to deal with the "guerrilla" of Li Dingguo and Bai Wenxuan, and the rest of the troops marched towards Kunming as a whole.
Along the way, Emperor Yongli and his family received "very careful" care from Wu Sangui in life, which made him feel the warmth of "returning to the country", and his desire to survive was stronger than ever.
After more than three months of trekking, on March 12, 1662, Emperor Yongli and his family returned to Kunming with Wu Sangui's triumphant team.
Hearing that Emperor Yongli had returned, the people of Kunming once again mobilized the city to welcome the troubled emperor.People's feelings for the old Zhu's family seem like they have passed away, but they have a special liking for Zhu Youlang who refused to burn the people's food reserves when retreating.
Everyone still clearly remembers that six years ago, Emperor Yongli, surrounded by the Ming army, entered the city majestically and grandly, which was like spring all the year round.How joyful and excited the people were at that time!
Today, six years later, under the escort of the Qing army, Emperor Yongli returned to this still beautiful city sadly.How disappointed and lamented people are at this time!
This situation made Emperor Yongli, who was already sentimental, burst into tears;
This situation made the people of Kunming, who were originally open-minded by nature, shed tears.
But this situation made Wu Sangui, who was not broad-minded at all, jealous.
1662 is destined to be a year that connects the past and the future. God, as if tired of the wars and killings that have lasted for more than 30 years in China, began to recall those influential figures who represented the era of wars to the heaven one by one!
The first person to be recalled to the Heavenly Court was Fulin, the number one figure in the Qing Dynasty.
On January 7, 1662, Emperor Shunye, who was only 24 years old, was born in Beijing suffering from smallpox. He handed over a beautiful but restless empire to his 8-year-old son Xuan Ye.
In order not to let his son suffer from the losses of his family, he instead handed over the administrative power of the empire to outsiders—the four auxiliary ministers, to take care of it temporarily!
In this alternation of old and new powers, the old era of "Shuntian tends to rule (Shunzhi)" has passed; a new era of "All people get rich and become well-off (Kangxi)" has begun.
The first major event opened in this era is to declare to the world: "Once the Yongli is obtained, the great honor will be gathered. The soldiers will be spared the pain of conquest, and the Zhao surname will save the labor of losing. I would rather stop."
Wu Sangui, who had changed to a new master, immediately considered whether to fulfill his promise, and wrote to the Qing court to ask the Qing court to give Emperor Yongli a good death!
The few good factors in his heart are reminding himself that he should fulfill his promise and protect the old master, so that the whole world will feel that he is a strange man who "emphasizes love and righteousness".
Even if he can't fulfill his promise, he doesn't want Emperor Yongli to die in his own hands. He wants to hand over Emperor Yongli to the Qing court in the name of "offering captives" and let them deal with it, so as to avoid himself from bearing the infamy of the Han people forever!
But his wishful thinking was shattered by several sudden mutinies in an instant.
In the month since Emperor Yongli returned to Kunming, more than a dozen mutinies, large and small, took place in and around Kunming. The participants in the mutiny included not only the newly incorporated Ming army, but also the "Liao army" he brought from Shanhaiguan. military".
The purpose of these mutinies is only one - to rescue Emperor Yongli.
Hearing this news, Wu Sangui, who was about to fulfill his promise, began to retreat.His "selfish desires first" heart once again dictated his next move.
In order to draw a clear line and put aside himself, he hastily submitted a memorial to the Qing court suggesting that Emperor Yongli be "executed on the spot".
In the face of interests, he once again broke his promise, but this is not the last time he broke his promise.In the years to come, Comrade Wu Sangui will repeatedly break his promise.
For Wu Sangui's petition, the Qing court immediately decreed to agree, and it was specifically responsible for its implementation.
Dumbfounded, Wu Sangui had no choice but to play "invisible" and hand over the drudgery of being reviled to his deputy - Man Jiang Ai Xing'a to implement it.
On April 25, 1662, in Grain Slope outside Kunming, the end of Emperor Yongli and the end of the Nanming Dynasty came!
Accompanying Emperor Yongli to Huangquan was his 12-year-old son.
Under Aixing'a's suggestion, the method of executing them was relatively clean and very Manchu-style—using a bow and string instead of a sword (see Dorgon's mother's method of execution).
When the bowstring was around his neck, Emperor Yongli understood how naive and ridiculous it is to believe in the promises of a person who only knows his own interests in this world!
As the bowstring became tighter and tighter, he seemed to see his own life, whistling and flying past his eyes. He came to this world cowardly, and was driven away from this world cowardly!
His hands were struggling desperately, but he couldn't catch anything.At the moment when his life was about to end, his wandering eyes finally fixed on his son.
"Let's go, children, let's go on the road together, may we go from now on and never be born into the emperor's house again."
"It's hard and bitter to hate the temples, and it's still young to be old." When Emperor Yongli was killed, although he looked old, he was only 39 years old (the same age as Li Zicheng, Dorgon, and Zheng Chenggong when they died).
So far, the year name of Yongli has become eternal history.
So far, the descendants of the lazy emperor Wanli have all passed away!
At this point, Nanming's last banner representing the orthodoxy of Ming Dynasty fell to the ground.
But even though the flag is down, the sword and halberd are still there, especially the blood!
For quite a long time to come, the specter of "anti-Qing and restoring the Ming Dynasty", the specter that represents the unyielding and resistance of the Han people, will still be wandering and wandering on the land of the Qing Dynasty and above the heads of the new dignitaries!
Watching the lives of Yongli and his son passing away bit by bit.Wu Sangui, who was watching the torture in the dark, trembled all over and broke out in a profuse sweat.
In order to completely erase any traces of the father and son left in the world, after the execution, Wu Sangui ordered Nie Lianjia, the magistrate of Kunming County, to lead his men to carry their coffins outside the north gate and secretly burn them.
It is our nation's tradition to remember heroes, and it is also our nation's tradition to sympathize with the weak. After hearing the news of Yongli's father and son's death, the citizens of Kunming ignored the "white terror" of the Qing government and left the city in twos and threes, picking up the unburned remains of the father and son. The bones were buried together on Mount Taihua.
From then on, every Qingming Festival, when the citizens of Kunming pay homage to their relatives and sweep the tombs, they will also send a message of nostalgia and condolences to the father and son who died for the country, and pass it on word of mouth. slope".
Wu Sangui, who returned to the city, immediately fell into an inexplicable mania.He has killed countless people before, but he has never felt such fear and guilt like killing the father and son!
But this kind of bad mood was quickly resolved by the "reward" that came slowly from the Qing court.
In view of his "extraordinary contribution" in capturing and killing Emperor Yongli, the Qing court specially named him a prince (the only Han in the history of the Qing Dynasty who was named a prince alive, and Kong Youde was named a prince after his death), and guarded Yunnan and Guizhou .
The thing I dreamed of was finally obtained. Although it does not have the scenery of the old Mu family "guarded by generations", it is the first step of the long march after all, which makes Wu Sangui "happy" for a while!
Moreover, good things followed one after another. The important leader of the anti-Qing armed forces on the China-Myanmar border and Comrade Li Dingguo’s closest comrade-in-arms——Bai Wenxuan, finally couldn’t stand it any longer. He threw himself into the arms of Daqing.
Looking around, in the whole of Yunnan, only Li Dingguo is still "undead in his heart", leading five or six thousand people, running around here and there, still fighting him beyond his control to the end.
To deal with this diehard, Wu Sangui worked very hard. On the one hand, he established multiple blockades to cut off the "blood transfusion channels" of Li Dingguo's army;
But subsequent facts proved that Li Dingguo, a person, cannot be defeated by material strength alone.
To beat this person, you have to rely on mental torture.
He analyzed that Li Dingguo's spiritual motivation for engaging in the "Anti-Qing and Fuming" movement is his firm belief that Emperor Yongli is still alive and there is still hope for the restoration of Ming Dynasty!
It's time, Wu Sangui immediately spread the "unfortunate news" of the death of Yongli and his son to the border areas through various channels.
At this time, Li Dingguo, who was staying on the China-Myanmar border, had a very difficult life.
Losing power means losing taxes, and losing taxes means losing support.Now, the first thing Li Dingguo thinks about every day when he opens his eyes is how to raise food and wages for the five or six thousand soldiers and more than 30,000 family members under him!
Next, he has to be on guard against the attacks of the Qing army, the infiltration of spies, and the betrayal of the weak-willed...
For this reason, he constantly shifted his position, from Mengding to Dongwu, and then from Dongwu to Jiulongjiang.
But even so, when his former "teammates" gave up and returned to Qing Dynasty one after another, he still remained infatuated and fought alone by the Lancang River!
God will always give hope to those who persist. In May 1661, Siam (now Thailand, which bordered the Ming Dynasty at that time) sent more than 60 envoys to contact him and ask him to take the Ming Dynasty under his command first. The army took a break at the scenic spot (now in Thailand, adjacent to Laos and Myanmar).After the rest, the country will provide elephants, horses and soldiers to help them regain Yunnan.
There is no love for no reason in the world. The reason why Siam "draws swords to help" is because during the Wanli period, the Ming Dynasty launched a punitive self-defense war against the "regional overlord" Burma, thus protecting Siam from infringement.The two countries forged a profound friendship in that common battle.
Now, the years have passed and the strengths and weaknesses have been reversed, but the country has come to repay this love.
This "belated love" suddenly lifted the spirits of Li Dingguo who was in depression. He warmly entertained the envoy and sent ten people including Zhang Xinhe, the head of the military department, to discuss specific cooperation matters with Siam.
But after good things, there are often bad things.Just when Li Dingguo rekindled the fire of hope, the sad news of Yongli's father and son's murder spread to the army.
When Li Dingguo heard the news, he beat his chest and stamped his feet, and wept bitterly!
Due to the hustle and bustle of the army, he and his subordinates did not read much. It is a "good book" they often read and listen to. Everyone's understanding of loyalty comes from this popular book.
When discussing "learning experience", subordinates often compare Sun Kewang to Cao Cao and Zhuge Liang to him.
Whenever this happened, he always corrected him immediately: "Zhuge Liang dare not compare himself, just be a Jiang Wei, and die!"
"Now, the prophecy has come true, Shu Han died in Jiang Wei's hands, and Ming died in my hands!"
Contrasted with himself, Li Dingguo fell into inextricable pain.
But this is still not enough to defeat this "tough guy". Old Zhu's family has many descendants. As long as Li Dingguo can be freed from the shadow of Yongli's father and son's death, he will find someone similar to "Longwu" or "Lu Jianguo" in the future. The distant clans can still carry the banner of "anti-Qing and restore Ming" and continue to fight against the Qing court.
But a bigger blow came from the ground!
Because they were stationed in the sparsely populated and scarcely populated western Yunnan, and most of their personnel were from the north, it was extremely difficult for them to adapt to the humid, hot, rainy, and smoky climate in the southwestern border. Since May, a large-scale epidemic of plague began in the army.
The plague, the blow to this defeated army is like adding frost to the snow.In less than half a month, nearly half of the soldiers fell silently.
In the absence of doctors and medicines, Li Dingguo's only solution is to write a letter and burn it to heaven!
He prayed to heaven: "If the fate of the Ming Dynasty is not over, please beg for the army and the people to be free from disaster; if the energy of the Ming Dynasty is exhausted, then beg for Dingguo. One person will die early, so that others will not be tired"!
God seems to be indifferent, and people continue to pass away due to illness and hatred!
"There is nothing greater than heart death!" Seeing that the sky is not bright, Li Dingguo changed from hope to disappointment, from disappointment to despair.
In desperation, the virus took advantage of the void, and he became one of the many plague-infected.
Knowing that his days were numbered, he handed over the army to his most trusted commander, Jin Tongwu, asked his son Li Sixing to worship him as his father, and told him to "rather die in the desert than surrender to the Qing captives!".
After finishing this matter, he lay frozen in the hut that was ventilated on all sides, quietly waiting for the arrival of the god of death.
When he was dying, he saw Sun Kewang in a trance (Sun Kewang had been "secretly assassinated" by the Qing court in November 1659 while hunting, and the official announcement was "death of illness") and Liu Wenxiu came to his bedside, and He argues.
Sun Kewang angrily accused him of not being courteous and courteous, and exterminated them all, forcing him to fall short and join the Qing slavery.
Liu Wenxiu moaned and complained that he was aloof and stern, and that he was too difficult to take on the heavy responsibility, which made Daming Mountain destitute and eventually perish!
He just wanted to defend himself, but the two of them had drifted away.
He smiled wryly. He believed that there would really be another world behind him, where everyone would meet each other eventually!Right, wrong, noble, base, loyal, treacherous, will be distinguished one by one.
On June 27, 1661, Li Dingguo closed his unyielding eyes with the regret of failing to achieve his great cause and the ideal of revitalizing the Han nationality!41 years old.
To sum up his life, it is a life of "endless life, endless fighting".
In the first half of his life, he was "anti-Ming", resisting a Ming Dynasty where the strong oppressed the weak; in the second half of his life, he was "protecting the Ming", guarding a Ming Dynasty where the weak resisted the strong.
Although the outside is different, the core is the same.
Although he was once bewitched by interests and bowed down for power, in the end, he used his most precious life to make up for the imperfect life in the past; to add a piece of perfection to Nanming's unsatisfactory ending!
So far, in Mengla, the "Han King Temple" built in memory of Li Dingguo is still very popular.The curl of light smoke tells the admiration of many generations!
In the previous article, I praised him as a pure person, and I still do!
After Li Dingguo's death, his successor Jin Tongwu also fell ill and died shortly after. Li Sixing and Shu Wang's son Liu Zhen, who lost their support, finally lost the confidence to abide by the legacy.
In December of this year, they led more than 1,200 soldiers and family members to accept Wu Sangui's reorganization in Erhai Lake, and were awarded the post of Dutong.
Since then, Li Sixing has been working conscientiously, and was promoted to the high position of the general army in Shaanxi and Ningxia in the Qing Dynasty.
Their surrender marked the end of the organized resistance of the Ming army on the Yunnan border.
Although the resistance stopped, there were still thousands of unyielding Ming soldiers and their families who did not surrender.
They spontaneously gathered in the barren hills and wilderness of the Ava River on the Sino-Myanmar border, living a difficult life, and called themselves "Gui Family (in memory of Gui Wang Zhu Youlang)" to the outside world.
Later, the territory changed, and the habitat of the "Gui family" was all included in Myanmar.
After more than three hundred years, this group is still tenaciously insisting on its national blood and culture.In the 1960s, they were defined by the Burmese government as a new ethnic group - "Kokang".
At present, the Han nationality scattered in foreign lands has a population of 150,000. Their daily language is Chinese (Mandarin) and the characters they use are Chinese characters (simplified characters).
From 1647 when the Western Army entered Yunnan, to 1661 when the war against the Qing Dynasty failed.Yunnan has actually become the "mainstay" against alien invasion.
"The mother told the son to fight the Eastern captives, and the wife sent the husband to the battlefield." In the past 14 years, Yunnan contributed to the war, sent troops, and produced goods, which made this frontier province, which was originally unknown in the whole country, stand out on the national stage.
This war has tempered the people of Yunnan.Since then, the people here have been injected with a kind of bloody spirit of "daring to take responsibility and be brave to take responsibility".
In modern times, Yuan Shikai stole the country and proclaimed himself emperor. When the whole country was still silent, it was the people of Yunnan who, under the leadership of General Cai E, known as "Contemporary Li Dingguo", fired the first shot of the "War to Protect the Country".
During the Anti-Japanese War, inspired by the slogan "One inch of mountains and rivers, one drop of blood, one hundred thousand youths and one hundred thousand troops", how many young people in Yunnan devoted themselves to the army and died for the country!
After loyalty, continue loyalty;
Heroes die, heroes everywhere!
When the anti-Qing bonfires in Yunnan gradually extinguished, on the land of China, there were only "two big and one small" left in the organized and large-scale anti-Qing armed forces.
The "big two" refers to Zheng Chenggong of Jinsha and the thirteen families of Kuidong, and the "one small" refers to Zhang Huangyan of Linmen Island.
Below, I will describe their respective endings one by one.
After failing to attack Nanjing, Zheng Chenggong returned to Xiamen, and Dasu came to encircle and suppress him.
The Ming army was very angry at this way of putting their noses on their faces!
Therefore, everyone shared the same hatred, killed ghosts when they met ghosts, and fell demons when they met demons.As a result, when the battle was over, Dasu was completely destroyed, and his troops were lost.
Da Su, who had no face to go back to see the elders in the capital, had to "take the blame and commit suicide"!
Dasu used his failure and death to finally let the Qing court understand an iron fact-in the absence of a navy, the elimination of the pirate Zheng Chenggong is tantamount to a fool's dream.
After waking up from the dream, the Qing court began to face the reality, and humbly solicited "good recipes" from officials from all over the country to deal with Zheng Chenggong.
This "good prescription" was really proposed, but what is annoying is that the inventor of the "good prescription" was actually the founder of Ming Dynasty——Zhu Yuanzhang.
This effective "recipe" is "moving to the sea".
The so-called "relocation to the sea" is to remove all the residents within a certain range along the coast, causing the "pirates" to have nowhere to live, no food to eat, and nothing to rob after landing... After receiving no "help" , automatically finished.
In the early Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang used this formula when dealing with Japanese pirates on the southeast coast.As a result, the little oriental devils couldn't gain a foothold in China, so they had to obediently return to China to find another way out.
Now, the Qing government has decided to use the past for the present without paying any "patent royalties" and carry out a major project of "moving to the sea" to turn Zheng Chenggong into the second Japanese pirate!
清廷以顺冶帝的名义颂布旨意，规定大清国的沿海省份，自直隶到广东（当时广东含现在的广西及海南），濒海三十里内的居民，一律内迁；内迁后，未许政府允许，一律不得擅自出海捕鱼及贸易；如有违反，全部按“通贼”治罪！
利用政权的暴力，迁海令基本得到了“贯彻和落实”，这给主要靠海外贸易和“无偿征收”生存的郑成功，造成了巨大的困难。
为重找新的发展空间，收复台湾提上了郑成功的议事日程。
台湾自古以来就是我国的神圣领土，早在三国时期，吴帝孙权就派大将卫温到达这座美丽的月牙岛，开始了中国人正式经营台湾的历史。
但如今，台湾却被全球殖民侵略的急先锋——荷兰霸占着。明朝虽然于1624年在澎湖打败了这帮强盗，但却没有能力乘胜收复台湾。
对于台湾，郑成功也并不陌生，父亲郑芝龙就曾在台湾设立了多个贸易网点，并组织过大批福建人到台湾屯垦，所以他对台湾的情况，已有了大致的了解。
恰在这时，何斌的到来，更坚定了他收复台湾的决心。
何斌曾在荷兰东印度公司台湾评议会中任通事（专职翻译）达十多年，掌握着台湾的核心机密。这次回归大陆后，专门向郑成功献上了一副秘密地图，图上专门标明了船只如何航行才能绕过荷兰炮台在鹿耳门登陆。
特别让郑成功欣慰的是，何斌还自告奋勇，充当向导。
万事俱备，1661年2月3日午，25000名明军在郑成功的率领下，从金门登上400多艘修造一新的战船，乘风破浪，向台湾海峡驶来。
次日中午，到达澎湖列岛。在此休整三天后，2月8日，直航台湾，下午一时左右，即抵鹿耳门。
在何斌的亲自引航下，大明船队成功绕过荷兰鬼子的炮台，顺利抵岸。
早已不堪殖民者压迫的台湾人民，早就秘密聚集了两万多人在岸边接应。在他们高效率的配合下，不到两小时，已有数千明军踏上了宝岛的土地，大批战船，也驶进了热兰遮城和赤嵌城之间的海湾。
明军登陆后，首先如何打败这来自万里之遥的“荷兰鬼子”。
但要问台湾有多少这样的“鬼子”，说出来挺寒碜人，总共也就有1200名陆军和200名海军。
其中800名陆军由台湾殖民最高长官揆一领着，呆在热兰遮城；另400名陆军由荷军总司令描难实叮领着，呆在赤嵌城；而200名海军，则分别呆在赫克托号等四艘战舰上。貌似不可一世的殖民者，在台湾，也就是这点家底！
第一场战斗，在海上和陆上同时打响！
自认为很不含糊鬼子海军，就用那四艘战舰气势汹汹地发动了进攻，明海军则出动了六十艘战船予以迎击。
这是一场“独虎战众狼”的较量，鬼子的战舰虽然拥有炮火（鬼子的船平均装有火炮40门，而明军每船仅有2门）、吨位上的优势，但在数量占优、机动勇敢的明战船攻击下，领头的舰赫克托号沉没，斯·格拉弗兰号重创。
剩下的两艘一见情况不妙，连赫克托号上的落水士兵都不予救护，拉上斯·格拉弗兰号余者狼狈逃窜，结果搞错了方向，逃向了日本。
陆上的战斗则更糟。
荷军上蔚拔鬼仔带着240名鬼子，手持当时全球最先进的火枪，从热兰遮城出阵，但马上被一千明军藤牌＋火铳的组合，打得鬼哭狼嚎。拔鬼仔及180名鬼子全部报销，其余的鬼子则失魂落魄跑回热兰遮报丧。
双战告负后，领教了明军厉害的鬼子们，再也不敢主动出击。龟缩在热兰遮与赤嵌城，等待来自巴达维亚（今印尼首都雅加达）的救兵。
明军马上组织进攻，把这两座城分隔包围起来。
赤嵌城，虽然也叫城，但如果按中国人对城的理解来看，顶多就是个小堡子，而且以木石结构为主体。所以，围城后，明军便先拿这里开刀。
几天后，数万明军就每人抱上一堆柴火，热热闹闹地跑到赤嵌城堆“柴火山”。
堆好“柴火山”后，明军举起火把，通过通事向鬼子喊话：“愿生愿死，请君自便！”
鬼子们没有做“烤人”的雄心，一见如此，马上在总司令描难实叮的带领下，打开城门，恭恭敬敬地请明军入城。
第一个堡垒顺利攻破，但剩下的热兰遮，就比较难搞了！
热兰遮城是一项“优质建筑工程”，石垒砖筑、坚固耐用，炮轰不塌，火点不着，而且兵多粮足，明军一时半会还真攻不下来。
郑成功这次倒显得不急不躁，在用深壕高垒、群兵众将把该城围起来，就扔在一旁不再理睬，转而扎扎实实地推进自已的“三大建设”去也。
军事建设上他命令黄安带着第二梯队6000余人抵台，连同部分首批抵台的军队，向台湾腹地推进，用了不到一月，就轻松占领全岛。
政治建设上他出榜安民、开州设府，并亲自跑到高山族聚集的地区，同这些同胞联络感情。
经济建设上他更大规模从福建向台湾移民，计口授田，建立“民屯”；同时也让士兵们一手拿枪、一手拿锄，建立“军屯”。
这边热火朝天的建设场面，让呆在热兰遮城的揆一如百爪挠心，狂暴不安！
到了8月12日，事情还真的有了些变化，揆一盼望已久的援军，终于在雅科布·考乌的率领下，坐船从印尼来到了热兰遮海域。
但在中国的地盘上，老天爷还是帮中国人的。雅科布·考乌的船只一到台湾，就遭遇了一场大飓风。
雅科布·考乌见风就逃，带着舰队一口气跑到了外海。
在这里，他消消停停地呆了下来避风，且一避就是28天。
28天后，他带着舰队悄悄绕到明海军的船队后，准备搞一次忽然袭击。
但偷鸡不成反蚀一把米，早有防备的明海军，马上对他“反袭击”，搞得让他两艘主力舰被击沉，三艘小艇被俘虏，连兵带将损失128人。
雅科布·考乌这次仅带了700人，一下子损失了五分之一后，便心灰意冷，升锚返航。
随着援兵的溜号，空欢喜了一场的热兰遮城，再度陷入绝望。
鬼子们没有受过“杀身成仁、舍生取义”的教育，一看这架式，不想再无谓地牺牲下去，便一小批一小批地出城投降。
而呆在城里的鬼子，因为缺粮少药、悲观厌世，不断有人去找中国的“阎王爷”报到。
在士兵非死即逃的情况下，1662年2月1日，经过城里台湾评议会成员集体讨论，决定向郑成功投降。
2月10日，降下降旗的鬼子，全部走人。被荷兰人统冶了38年的台湾，重新回到了祖国的怀抱。
收复台湾，是中国人民反抗西方殖民侵略的重大胜利，他大长了中国人民的威风，大灭了帝国主义的锐气，为以后反击沙俄浸略的雅克萨之战，奠定了胜利的基础（二十多年后，这支军队中的藤牌军，将光荣北上，到冰天雪地的北国边陲与俄军精锐哥萨克较量）。
在南明历史上，郑成功虽然有过“割据自雄、不识大体”的不良表现，但他收复台湾的历史功勋，让他超越了同时代的英雄，成为了我国英雄中的“极品”——民族英雄！
对这样的英雄，我们怎么评价，都不为过！
但就是这样的一位民族英雄，在1662年5月8日，却“气噎而死”，享年也是39岁！
他的死因，至今仍然是一个谜。
有的说是因得知永历帝遇害的消息，忧愤而死；
有的说听到父亲兄弟11人被清廷残杀，愧疚而死；
有的说是因难忍家族丑闻（其子郑经与其乳母陈氏有染，并生一子），气闷而死。
在他死后，其子郑经掌权，将金厦根据地的人口、兵员、物资大规模向台湾转移，与大陆的关系，渐行渐远。
在台湾，郑经虽然仍打着永历帝的年号，并以复明为标谤，但其所作所为，已经是在一心一意在建立一个与大明迥然有别的“郑氏王朝”。
故大多数的历史学家，也不再把他这段经营台湾的历史，划入南明史的范畴！
一个政治团体，如果不能代表更多人民的利益，如果没有迎合时代需要的奋斗目标，如果没有高瞻远瞩的领导者，在一个风云变幻的大变局前，是很难开创出大业绩的。
大顺军自从一峰独秀的李自成死后，就遭遇了这样的尴尬。
他们开始和南明搞放弃自身独立的合作，结果搞得是寄人篱下，屡遭排挤。
后来在1649年永历政权濒临瓦解时，跑到湖北西部、四川东部的大山“潜伏”起来，脱离了抗清的主战场。
其后的11年间，这支近七万人的队伍，在大山深处，日出而作，日落而息！除了手中的刀戟，身上的军装外，他们与周边的山民，已无二致！
但他们毕竟是一群胸怀使命的军人，己习惯对外把自已称为“明军”。为不辜负这一称号，他们还主动发起过郧阳战役、襄阳战役、重庆战役，给清军以一定的杀伤。
无论怎么说，只要他们在这里存在，清军就不能“专心致致”地进攻滇贵，因此他们等于也在变相地保卫了永历政权。
当李定国、郑成功相继病死，清廷终于准备对这个“腋下之患”，痛下杀手了！
现在掌握了全国政权的清廷，财大气壮、兵多将广。为对付这个小小的夔东地区，竟拿出牛刀杀鸡的豪情壮志，一下子搞了个四省会剿。
这参与会剿的四省分别是四川、陕西、河南、湖广（包括湖南湖北）。
其中，四川总督李国英带着川、陕、豫三省的军队约五万人，向西边进攻；湖广提督董学礼领着楚军三万，向东边进攻。
在出征前，李国英照例发了一通招降书，无非是宣扬永历帝、李定国、郑成功已死，余部己降，天下大势已定。请夔东的各位，认清形势，自动归降。
招降书如果没有武装配合，是很难奏效的。1663年春节，诚心不想让大家欢渡佳节的李国英，督促部下对夔东边上的大昌县发动了“小偷式”地进攻，把驻该县的袁宗第赶了出去，还顺手牵羊地收降了贺珍的“鼠子”贺道宁。
收取了大昌后，他又向下一个目标——茶园坪，发动了进攻。
撤到茶园坪的袁宗第，手里只有五千人，根本抵挡不住李国英五万人的进攻。结果，茶园坪失守，明军损失过半，袁宗第带着残兵趁夜色跳崖逃跑，赶去和郝永忠会合。
李国英抵茶园坪后，发现这里存粮不多，加上自已的粮草也所携有限，只得乖乖地停下来等待粮草，这就给了明军有了一个喘息的机会！
找到郝永忠的袁宗第马上发现，没有最惨，只有更惨，老郝同志在清军忽袭下，把经营了十二年的房县也丢了。
两人一核计，便一起来找十三家势力最大的刘体纯。
刘体纯的头脑比这两位好使，认为在清军两路进攻的情况，应该先集中力量打其一路。
袁郝两人也深表赞成，于是他们跑到东边的兴县来找李来亨，商量联合起来，共揍来自湖广的董学礼。
作为湖广清军进攻夔东的跳板，兴县正承受着清军攻击的巨大压力，因此对兄弟们这种“雪中送炭”的援助，热烈欢迎，忙杀猪备酒，犒劳三军。
酒足肉饱的明军如蛟龙出海、锐气重生。在7月23日的东线反击战中，把三万湖广清军打得抱头鼠窜，一直让其逃回了宜昌才敢收住脚步。
东线大捷后，李刘郝袁四人联合党守素、塔天保、马腾云等，组成五万联军，去西边攻打李国英驻扎巫山县城。
自茶园坪战役后，到了巫山县的李国英也一刻没闲着，除了修补城墙、补充粮草外，还把和夔、建昌、遵义、永宁的清军陆师和谭诣、谭弘的水师也统统调来了，准备在这里和明军决一雌雄。
8月24日，巫山攻防战打响，弹丸之地的小城内外，一时间聚集了十多万的人马在拼命厮杀！
大战之中，身为总督的李国英也颇会作秀，除了到处张贴赏罚公告、连哄带吓外，还随身带了一把小刀，表示一旦城破，将与“诸公同死”。
但他也知道，作秀的作用毕竟是有限的，要打败城外的数万明军，还得另谋他法。
通过几天的侦查，他发现了明军一个巨大的“安全隐患”——粮道单一、疏于防范。
这老小子马上派出一批“特种部队”，截杀了明军正在运粮的后勤部队，还坏事做尽地把运粮的浮桥砍断。
忽视了后勤保障的明军，马上就尝到饥肠辘辘的感觉。
9月7日，见时机已到，清军主动出城，在黎明时分，向明军发动了进攻。
早已羸弱不振的明军，根本经不住这暴风骤雨般攻击，在损失了七千多人后，惶乱撤退。
巫山战役是个转折点，自这场战役后，明军丧失了进攻的主动权，基本处于被动挨打状态。
得知巫山大捷闻讯的清廷，决定“绵上添朵花”，分别从北京、西安各抽调了一万“正宗满军”，赶到夔东助战。
到了1663年1月，这一地区已集中了十多万的满汉大军，另有临近数省的近百万民夫提供后勤支援。
战争变得越不越不对等，明军这方，地盘越打越小，物资越打越光，人马越打越少。
到了12月23日，清军已攻占了刘体纯重要据点——老木崆。
见无力回天，刘体纯便“引刀成一快，不负大明头”。
刘体纯是大顺军的第二代将领，生前其“骁勇有方略，御众严明，颇知爱民”。他自杀殉国的消息传开后，当地的百姓闻之，无不伤心落泪。
李国英为收买军心民心，马上将刘厚葬之，并亲临祭奠。
李国英的“仁义”行径，让看不到光明未来的明军将领们，心生摇曳。王光兴、马腾云、党守素、塔天宝等，先后偷偷摸摸地向这位四川总督递上了降表。
为团结大多数，孤立极少数，李国英对这些自动上门的货色，心虽卑视，但却一一笑纳！
在姚雪垠著的《李自成》中大名鼎鼎，皆有万夫不当之勇的郝永忠（即郝摇旗）、袁宗第，现在也走到了英雄末路。在清军封锁加进攻的双重打击下，身边的士兵所剩无几。
最终，在黄草坪保卫战中，他俩双双受伤被俘！
对于不屈而死者可以厚葬，但对不屈而俘者只能消灭。不久，郝袁两人被杀害于巫山县城。
到了1664年春，整个的夔东十三家，仅剩下了兴县的李来亨。
李来亨，李过（曾被改名李赤心）之子，李自成之堂孙，是在大顺军营中成长起来的“童子军”。
在十三家非死即降的情况下，他将粮草全部集中到兴县境内的茅麓山上，准备做最后的抗争！
初来乍到的“正宗满军”，不知深浅，很想露几手给汉兵显摆显摆，率先发动了进攻。
结果，被凭险据守的明军迎头痛击，“正宗满军”们不是中箭身亡，就是坠崖落涧，主帅穆里玛的三儿子都被打死。
伤心透顶的穆里玛，立刻改让汉兵们在前头冲锋陷阵，满兵们在后面“监督指导”。
汉兵们自然也不犯傻，打仗只挥刀，上阵仅呐喊，出工不出力，仗打了半月，毫无进展。
李国英、穆里玛这些决策者见此，决定采用一个最笨，但也是最有效的办法——长期围困，来解决茅麓山的攻取问题。
于是，清军上下，加上“支前”的民夫，统统改行，进行大规模的工程建设，拉动大清GDP增长。
他们依山就势，修建木城，把个周长150多里的茅麓山，如木桶般地箍了起来。
木城的修建，共分三道工序。第一道：打桩，树起了间距不到20厘米的梅花桩；第二道：挖壕，在桩后挖宽深各近3米的壕沟；第三道：修城，把壕里挖出来的土，加上山上炸出来的石头，修成高5米、宽1.5米的长墙，墙后筑成一座座小城。城中驻军，昼夜巡视，进行24小时的严防死守。
也就是说，明军要攻破这些大大小小的木城，就必须一气呵成地完成三道工序——破桩、填壕、攻城，难度并不亚于当年攻打荆州城。
该木城工程历时数月，耗工百万。建成后，让围在里面的明军，粮草有耗无补、求战有应无答。
李来亨剩下的唯一的求生途径，就是突围。
他亲自带着明军，在六月份发起过两次大规模突围，但都是无功而回。
8月4日，得知明军己经断粮后，清军发起了最后的进攻。
眼见早就被饥饿折磨得奄奄一息的手下，不断被士腾马饱的清军残杀