Chapter 10 Chapter IX Peace Talks with the Northern Envoy

If we only read the previous articles, we will find that Comrade Ma, as the head of the cabinet, seems to be "handy" only in the fields of politics, party affairs, finance and taxation, and corruption, but he seems to be "indifferent" to other fields. ". To say that is too unfair to Lao Ma. While working tirelessly in the above fields, Comrade Lao Ma has also been paying close attention to another field—diplomacy. As early as June 1644, Comrade Dorgon, who had just become the "Northern Drifter Clan", saw the rampant activities of many "terrorist organizations" in Beizhili and Shandong, and "terrorist incidents" continued to occur, and the biggest "terrorist leader" Li Zicheng may at any time With a comeback, the objective reality of the "anti-terrorism" task is extremely difficult, and a "peace statement" was issued.

In the statement, Dorgon reviewed the traditional friendship between the Ming and Qing Dynasties over the years, pointed out that the entry of the Qing army into the customs was a just act to save China from peril, and expressed the confidence and determination of the Qing army to "liberate" the northern regions. People from all walks of life complied with the situation of the times and actively participated in the peaceful construction movement.At the end of the statement, it also stated that the Qing Dynasty will respect the free choice of the people in the south, and hope that the people in the south will "assist the virtuous and feudal vassals" according to their own wishes, and establish a new state of peaceful coexistence, non-aggression and friendly coexistence with the Qing Dynasty. nation!

Due to the barriers between the north and the south, it took more than a month for this statement to spread across thousands of mountains and rivers to the central government of Nanming. , undoubtedly rejoicing. Both Hongguang and Lao Ma, who were in court, and Shi Kefa, who was supervising the preparations for the war outside, all agreed that peace talks with the Qing Dynasty should be started immediately. If the peace talks with the Qing Dynasty can be successful, then the Nanming will have a long-term "rest and recuperation" precious time. The government can take advantage of this opportunity to disarm and reduce wages to ease internal conflicts, thus gaining the possibility of long-term survival like the Eastern Jin and Southern Song.

Once the tone of the "peace talks" has been determined, the next job is to send representatives for the peace talks and list the conditions for the peace talks before the North-South negotiations can begin. Before the "recruitment list" was posted, one person had already "volunteered" to learn from Mao and recommended himself, saying that he would take the initiative to solve problems for the imperial court and take on the arduous task of peace negotiations. This brave man is Chen Hongfan, the commander-in-chief of the Ming Dynasty. This Mr. Chen did a small thing before, but it was enough to change history. That is, he once saved Zhang Xianzhong who was about to be executed for violating military regulations.

If we contact him about what he did in the future, we will find out with grief and indignation that this man came to this world specifically to be the "Sangmen Star" of the Ming Dynasty. Mr. Chen recommended himself this time, nominally because he had friendship with Wu Sangui and it was easy to contact him, but in fact, he was sent by his in-laws as early as the end of June—the former Ming general Tang Yu who had been surrendered to the Qing Dynasty as the son of Dorgon. He was ordered to "instigate rebellion" successfully and became an important "undercover agent" of the Qing Dynasty in Nanming.

At this time, Zuo Maodi, the governor of Yingtian Anqing and other places, also applied to join the negotiating team in the name of "my mother died in Beijing, and I would like to go on a mission with Chen Hongfan". Because his position and reputation were higher than Chen Hongfan's, he became the official team Master Chen, who arrived first, became the deputy head of the regiment instead. In addition, Comrade Lao Ma also sent Ma Shaoyu, a doctor in the Ministry of War, as another deputy head of the regiment. Cheng and others can be considered "old acquaintances". There is also a person with a special status in the mission—Zu Zepu, the son of Zu Dashou who has descended to the Qing Dynasty and became a "high-ranking cadre of the Qing Dynasty" (now Nanming is the commander of Jinyiwei). He brought this young man with him. The needs of the "United Front" work.

The representative candidate has been settled, and the next step is to determine the negotiation plan. The core of the program is "Land for peace, identity for friendship".Among them, land is a matter of substance, and identity is a matter of dignity. On the issue of land, Emperor Hongguang asked the ministers to raise it first. After a long time without an answer, Emperor Hongguang had to ask and answer by himself, saying that the country could exchange the land north of the Huaihe River for peace. Seeing His Majesty's statement, Gao Hongtu, a university scholar, immediately followed up and suggested that the land north of the Yellow River be exchanged for peace, which appeared to be more patriotic than the emperor.

Zuo Maodi, head of the negotiating team, put pressure on himself, suggesting that only the land north of Shanhaiguan should be exchanged for peace.One of his reasons is that Beijing is the place where the tombs of the emperors of the Ming Dynasty are located. If Beijing is handed over to others, why not apply for visas every year when the emperor goes to worship the tombs and sweep the tombs? They are a group of robbers from the "old, young, frontier and poor" area. They are short-sighted. The three northern invasions of the mainland were just to rob people and things. in the area south of Shanhaiguan.

The head of the left group spoke eloquently, causing Hongguang Emperor to nod repeatedly. Comrade Lao Ma seems not interested in how much land is exchanged for peace. He is more concerned about the second issue: how to define the identities of the two parties in the negotiation—the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty? Emperor Hongguang of the Ming Dynasty will soon be a "running four" person, and Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty was still a kid. If Emperor Hongguang's status is lower than that of Emperor Shunye, it will be too detrimental to the "national dignity".

Lao Ma proposed: The emperor of the Qing Dynasty was young, so he could be regarded as a nephew and uncle with our emperor. This status relationship not only avoided the "embarrassment" of Ming's professing a vassal to the Qing, but also made the relationship between the two countries "increasingly close". Have fun! After more than ten days of quarreling, the draft of peace negotiations was finally released, which read: 1. Take places other than Shanhaiguan in exchange for peace with the Qing Dynasty; 2. Recognize that the Qing Dynasty has been upgraded from a "vassal state" to a country with equal status to the Ming Dynasty;

3. Set up a "Friendly Development Fund", and Ming Dynasty "contributes" one hundred thousand taels of silver every year to assist Qing Dynasty in development and construction; 4. Changing the burial of Emperor Chongzhen's Azusa Palace; 5. Acknowledgment of relatives - that is, Emperor Hongguang is an uncle and Emperor Shunzhi is a nephew, and the two sides become a country of relatives with a relationship of "uncle and nephew". They treat each other friendly and live in peace. In order to demonstrate the magnanimity and peace sincerity of a big country, the central government of Nanming also carried out the following "surprise work" before the mission: One is to make a sudden advance and appoint the head of the Zuozheng regiment as Zuo Shilang of the Nanjing Military Department and the censor of the capital of Youqin. At the same time, he can take care of the manager of Hebei and contact the Kwantung military affairs; the deputy head of Chen is the prince Taifu, and the deputy head of Ma is the Shaoqing of Taipusi , to improve the overall specification of the delegation. The second is to make a sudden rush to produce the imperial letter "Emperor of the Ming Dynasty sent a letter to the Khan of the Northern Kingdom", the imperial edict bestowing upon Wu Sangui, the Duke of Ji, the imperial edict to the "Northern People's Book", and the sacrificial letter to Emperor Chongzhen from the mausoleum. The third is to urgently raise 100,000 taels of silver, 1,000 taels of gold, and 10,000 bolts of silk and satin from the tight treasury as a "meeting gift" to the Qing party. Before leaving, the head and deputy head of the delegation that Emperor Hongguang met again cordially told everyone that while conducting peace negotiations, they should also complete the tasks of visiting the mausoleum and "contacting" the former Ming officials. Honor returns. On July 21st, more than 500 members of the mission embarked on the journey in great anticipation and blessing.At the Xiaguan Wharf, the head of the left group looked at the Yangtze River where the water and the sky were uniform, and an ominous premonition of "the wind is rustling and the river is cold, and this body will never return" suddenly came to my heart. The mission went north and arrived in Sizhou, where they paid a visit to Shi Kefa, the chief assistant who was the supervisor here. The head of the left group tightly held the hand of the chief assistant, and talked about two doubts in his heart. Zuo Tuanzhang said: "In this negotiation, if the Qing side benefits more, I will bear the same stigma as Qin Hui; if the Qing side benefits less, the negotiation breaks down, and I will not escape harming the country and the people." Responsibility. It's not a good thing!" Shi Kefa was taken aback, and quickly opened his "old matchmaker" mouth, and gave a profound "ideological education class" to head Zuo without stopping. Teacher Shi's handouts are condensed into one point, that is: if you want to benefit the life and death of the country, don't you avoid it because of misfortune and good fortune. (Sorry, I borrowed the wise words of Master Lin two hundred years later.) At present, the biggest politics in Nanming is to seek the time and space for survival.If the inter-Korean peace talks are successful, even if you are temporarily scolded, time will prove everything for you. At that time, the country will miss you and the people will thank you. After some enthusiastic speeches, the head of the left group seemed to see the sun from the clouds, and his heart was bright, so he waved his sleeves and set out on the journey again in good spirits. "The bones of the dead are exposed in the wild, and there is no rooster crowing for thousands of miles." The further north you go, the more desolate and desolate the scene is!There was no guide, no post, lack of food, and thieves rampant. The group of the mission was hungry, full, cautious, and stopped, and finally arrived at the first city in the Qing side's control area on the fifth day of September— —Jining, Shandong. But what the mission got here was neither flowers nor applause, but fierce artillery fire (note: not a salute). The Daming Mission, having enjoyed the highest courtesy, had no choice but to circle the city depressingly. On the ninth day of September, the mission arrived in Wentu County, and finally met a person who was considered "civilized and polite"——Yang Fangxing, governor of the Great Qing River Transport, who was leading troops to dredge the Grand Canal here. Yang Fangxing, a native of Eastern Liaodong, passed the imperial examinations as early as the Huang Taiji era and "mixed" into the civil servants of the Qing Dynasty. "Han people don't speak politely when they see Han people." When Governor Yang learned of the purpose of the mission, he poured cold water on the hot-headed members of the mission with the frankness of "loyal words are harsh to the ear and good for deeds". "National negotiations must rely on strength. Now that the Qing is strong and the Ming is weak, what can be the result of this negotiation? In my opinion, you should first transport the food from the south to the north to show the sincerity of peace! In this way, I can also help to intercede with the regent , but the best result is that you cancel the title of the country first, recognize the central government of the Qing Dynasty, and become an inseparable part of the new dynasty as a vassal king.” It was not fully affirmed, and the frustration of the entire mission can be imagined, but Governor Fang was just a "family opinion", not the attitude of the Qing rulers. The mission continued to go north while comforting itself! On the 15th, the mission arrived in Linqing, and finally there was a welcoming team. Luo Yangxing, the former governor of Jinyiwei in the Ming Dynasty, was then the governor of Tianjin in the Qing Dynasty. They" (Lao Luo was removed from his post and investigated afterwards) escorted the escort, which made the mission feel great warmth. But on the 18th day after arriving in Texas, this warmth was wiped away by a notice posted on the street. These notices were posted by the order of Fang Dayou, governor of Shandong Province. The notice clearly stated: "By the decree of the regent, Chen Hongfan passes through the place. There is no need to respect him if there are officials. Please prepare your own expenses. Chen Hongfan, Zuo Maodi, and Ma Shaoyu prohibit hundreds of people from entering. See you in Beijing, and leave the rest in Jinghai. Many people brought by Zu Zepu are allowed to enter Beijing." As a former Ming official who surrendered to the Qing Dynasty, Fang Dayou used this method to avoid meeting with the Southern Ming mission, which can be described as well-intentioned. The ups and downs of the Qing government made the mission puzzled and speculated: Did the Qing government have any new changes in their attitude towards Nanming? The mission’s guess was correct. Comrade Dorgon’s attitude toward the Nanming government had another 180-degree turn in less than a hundred days since the “Peace Statement” was issued—from “peaceful coexistence” to “peaceful coexistence” "Annexation by force". The reason for the change is this: One is that Comrade Dorgon, after occupying the megalopolis Beijing, had a difficult life. More than a dozen counties around Beijing and its surrounding areas suffered food shortages to varying degrees. We had no choice but to "selflessly" transfer all the food stored in Manchuria over the years to emergency, but this problem has not been completely solved.Later, under the guidance of "experts in the economic field" in Beijing, I realized that this was all caused by "independence in the south"! Since the construction of Beijing City by Yuan Shizu Kublai Khan and Ming Chengzu Zhu Di's processing, the development of nearly four hundred years has made this sparsely populated border town the economic center of the north and the political center of the country, with a population of more than 800,000. The food, cloth, tea, etc. are not self-sufficient at all, and have to be continuously transported from the south. After Li Zicheng entered Beijing, the material supply chain was broken. The south could not get the horses, coal, etc. from the north (this is relatively easy to overcome), and the north could not get the grain, cloth, tea, etc. from the south (this is more difficult to overcome). As a result, there was a serious shortage of supplies in Beijing, and people's lives became increasingly difficult. This was one of the reasons why Li Zicheng did not stay in Beijing for long.And to solve this difficult problem, relying on the "development fund" that the South pays tribute every year is far from enough, it is better... (Twenty words are omitted below) Second, Comrade Dorgon has gained new confidence in his ruling skills and administrative ability.After the biggest class enemy, Li Zicheng, was driven back to Niangziguan, he could not shrink back and did nothing for more than half a year.The "Jiwang" rebellion in Hebei and Shandong has been successfully quelled, and a series of policies of the Qing government to buy people's hearts have achieved obvious results.The northern region, which has been plagued by wars for many years, seems to be slowly "dusting". After such a good situation appeared, he became more fascinated by the Jiangnan water town of "Sanqiu osmanthus and ten-mile lotus". Yan Liang's unfinished "unification dream" seemed to reappear in his dream. The third is that those former Ming officials whose families were in the south wished for the early reunification of the motherland more directly and urgently than Comrade Dorgon, because many of their family properties and relatives stayed in the south. "Being an official naked", if the "North and South divide, one country, two governments" once realized, then only when you become a ghost "can you go home and have a look". The demoted officials who were not reconciled to the "separation of the two places" voluntarily became the "vanguards" of national unification, scrambling to write letters to Comrade Dorgon, chattering endlessly about "the folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River are fragile and it is not difficult to calm down", "Fu Wang is fatuous and incompetent, It is difficult to follow the great rule" and other falsehoods, inciting this vigorous young man to "throw the whip to stop the stream and immediately go to Wushan." Driven by these three factors, those in power in the Qing Dynasty have reached a consensus - to fight across the Yellow River and unify the whole of China. This is the new problem and challenge that the Ming Mission is facing—it’s not that I don’t understand, but that the world is changing too fast! Where will the Ming Mission go? The situation is grim, and the head of the Zuo delegation urgently convened a meeting of all the missions. At the meeting, he emphasized that the purpose of the mission's work this time is to discuss peace rather than surrender. Therefore, he asked everyone to correct their work attitudes in future work and not to bow their knees. Do things that are detrimental to the dignity of the country. On September 29th, the mission that was "streamlined" to 100 people came to Hexiwu, Hebei, because they knew that the Qing Dynasty would hold the "founding ceremony" on the first day of October (Emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty ascended the throne in Beijing and announced that he would rule the Northeast extended to the whole country), in order to avoid unnecessary "diplomatic misunderstanding", the mission is suspended here. On the fifth day of October, the mission set off again and arrived at Zhangjiawan in the suburbs of Beijing. The Qing Dynasty sent an official from the Ministry of Rites, You Qiku, to welcome it, and finally gave the Nanming mission a little noodle. On October 12, under the guidance of officials from the Ministry of Rites of the Qing Dynasty, the mission entered the city through Zhengyangmen. People in the capital who had already heard the news spontaneously took to the streets to welcome "relatives from the old country". Dressed in plain clothes, holding the letter of credence in his hand, he walked forward with pride. "The country is broken and the mountains and rivers exist, and the two dynasties meet." The atmosphere at the scene was extremely dull and depressing, and the welcome and the welcome were in a sad mood.There are no flowers, no applause, only silent choking and endless tears. "Compared to those dignitaries in the previous dynasty, how simple are these people!" Zuo TuanZhang felt infinitely moved. A few days ago, he secretly sent Wang Tinghan, Wang Yan, and Zu Zepu with his own personal letters to meet Feng Quan, Hong Chengchou, Xie Sheng, and Wu Sangui, who had become the upstarts of the dynasty, and hoped that they would do their best for the cause of "peaceful nation building" in Nanming. A meager effort. Feng Quan, who was labeled as the number one eunuch party by Emperor Chongzhen back then, had no feelings for the Ming Dynasty. When receiving the envoys, he put on a condescending and indifferent expression, and even refused to open the letter from the head of the Zuo regiment; Hong Chengchou seemed to have not lost his conscience, and after seeing the letter, his expression was heavy and tears were about to drop, and he also expressed his comfort to the envoy; Xie Sheng had complicated emotions. After receiving the letter, he sighed, encouraged, condemned, and rejoiced, making people confused; Wu Sangui's answer was: due to the strict laws of the Qing Dynasty, he couldn't help himself when he appeared, so he couldn't see each other for the time being, but the kindness of his motherland's upbringing and cultivation was unforgettable, and now he swore that he would never become an enemy of Ming Dynasty. Yes, this is the attitude of the rich and powerful in the past. You can say some irresponsible words of comfort, but there is no real help at all. Who can be blamed for this?Who can blame this? Compared with the previous dynasty, which was watched by the emperor, imprisoned, and beaten violently by taking off their pants, the current ex-Ming officials feel good overall and do not suffer much from the pain of subjugation.The Ming Dynasty has drifted away in their minds! Can't blame!Can not be condemned, only to walk alone in order to fight. The Ming Mission finally arrived at the end of the trip - the Qing Dynasty Foreign Affairs Reception Department, Honglu Temple. Because the scene on the street just now shocked the reception officials of the Qing Dynasty, when the delegation entered Honglu Temple, these Qing Dynasty officials not only locked the gate tightly, but also dispatched troops to surround the compound tightly. It made the entire mission feel like they were in prison, and they could no longer carry out further liaison work. On October 13th, the Ministry of Rites of the Qing Dynasty sent several ordinary officials to Honglu Temple, knowingly asking, "What is the matter with the envoys from the south?" The head of the Zuo regiment replied solemnly: "I waited to come here, one is to discuss with your country the matter of joint troops to suppress the invasion, and the other is to express my gratitude to your country for the funeral of our emperor, and to hand over the imperial letter and silver coins in person." The official of the Qing Dynasty who led the team said casually: "Since there is an imperial book, please leave it to me." Zuo TuanZhang, who was familiar with diplomatic etiquette, saw the sinister intentions of this person, and shouted loudly: "We regard it as the Royal Book of the Celestial Dynasty, and it is not an ordinary tribute document from a vassal state. It must be handed over to the emperor of your country in person." The two parties couldn't stop arguing about this, and finally the court official of the Qing Dynasty muttered "It doesn't matter if you don't accept it" and left in a huff! On the 14th, after receiving a report on the situation, Comrade Dorgon believed that the Nanming Mission was not good, and the good ones would not come, so after careful consideration, he decided to send a great intellectual of the Manchu nationality—Scholar Ganglin of the National Academy of History as the chief of the Qing Dynasty. The negotiator, against the head of the left. As Comrade Ganglin from Zhenghuang Banner in Manchuria, unlike most Manchus who entered the political arena through "martial arts", this uncle was completely self-taught, mastered both Manchu and Chinese languages, and passed the first civil service examination in the Qing Dynasty. He took the exam in Chinese and passed the "juren" qualification (not the same as the "Juren" in "Fan Jinzhongju", the candidate must be proficient in two of the three languages ​​of Manchu, Han and Mongolian).After several promotions, he has become the leading cultural official in Manchuria, ranking only behind Feng Quan, Fan Wencheng, Hong Chengchou, and Ning Wanwo among the four great intellectuals of the Han Dynasty among the academicians of the Inner Academy. The first mission of the Ganglin University Scholar, who is shouldering a heavy responsibility, is to show Commander Zuo his authority, to build up the ambition of the conqueror, and to destroy the prestige of the conquered. The scholar just brought ten guards with him, entered majesticly with a sword, went to the lobby of Honglu Temple, asked someone to take out a chair and sat down in the center, first waved his hand to let his subordinates sit on the carpet on his right , and then waved to let the left regiment leader and other Ming envoys sit on the left carpet. This arrangement obviously wanted the Ming envoys to bow their heads before the negotiation started. How could the head of the left group suffer from this "unequal diplomatic etiquette" and sternly reprimanded: "Sitting on the ground is the way of sitting in a country of barbarians. We are from a country of etiquette, so quickly grab a chair and sit!" Gang Lin was taken aback by the imposing manner and righteousness of the head of the left group. After thinking for a while, he asked someone to move a chair and asked the head of the left to sit face to face with him. The formal battle ended, and the two sides began a substantive confrontation. The Bachelor Gang, who claims to have a deep understanding of Han culture, stands at the height of "politics first", goes straight to the point, and takes the lead. He said: "Before the old king's revenge for being forced to death by the thief has not been avenged, the work of seeking revenge from the thief should be given top priority, but you and others are arbitrarily establishing a new king first. Regarding the relevant provisions of the above, as your country, which has always slandered the rituals and revived the rituals, and governed the country with Confucianism, I wonder how your envoy will explain this?" You talk about "politics", I talk about "law", and the head of Zuo Tuan immediately responded with the "Law of Succession to the Emperor of Ming Dynasty". "Emperor Hongguang is the grandson of Emperor Wanli of our country and the brother of Emperor Daxing Chongzhen, so he should be established as emperor according to the law." The Bachelor of Arts, who was invisibly drawn into the "legal field", also had a problem with legal procedures. "The establishment of Hongguang, is there a legacy of Chongzhen?" The head of Zuo Tuan immediately responded with the "proviso" principle in the law: "Emperor Chongzhen died suddenly in Sheji, and the incident happened abnormally. Our country responded abnormally, which was legal, reasonable, and reasonable." Throughout the negotiations, Bachelor Gang insisted that Nanming had no other choice but to surrender, while Chief Zuo insisted that Nanming's administrative independence and territorial integrity must be maintained. The more the bachelor just talked, the more he seemed to have no peace and sincerity, and he just wanted to take advantage of some lip service.He was like a bad-tempered boxer, making moves frequently, seemingly aggressive, but without discipline. The head of the left group is like a Tai Chi master, moving around, step by step, seeing through the language traps of the Gang bachelor, and turning to attack them! Both sides seem to have forgotten their first priority and turned the serious diplomatic negotiations into a lively and exciting "Chinese college debate". In the end, the fresh bachelor who was "lost" at the meeting became furious, and concluded his statement with the sentence "Don't talk too much, our country has decided to send troops to the south of the Yangtze River", preparing to end today's "collegiate debate" that is at a disadvantage. The head of the Zuo regiment immediately made a final and generous statement: "Although the folk customs in the south of the Yangtze River are weak, we can still fight to defend the country; although our territory in the south of the Yangtze River is small, we can also rely on the rivers and swamps to block the north. Who will lose is yet to be known!" The first round of negotiations ended in vain! After the first round of negotiations, Head Zuo fell into deep thinking and anxiety. From the verbal confrontation with the Manchu minister Ganglin just now, he has clearly felt the reality: the Manchus have advanced, and they are no longer the chaotic barbaric tribe between the white mountains and the black mountains. "A backward nation can conquer an advanced nation militarily, but they are conversely conquered economically and culturally by the advanced nation" (Engels' related discussion).As a minority with only more than 80,000 people, the Manchus were immediately submerged in a sea of ​​millions of Han people after they conquered and occupied the Liaoshen area.The Han nationality's advanced farming technology, casting technology, national system, and cultural classics are like a powerful spring breeze, which instantly awakens the genes of the Manchu people that have been dormant for thousands of years, making this intelligent, hardworking and brave nation once again burst into passion, rushing forward, and left in ten years. Completed the evolutionary path that the Han people took thousands of years to complete.Social organizations also quickly transitioned from the "tribal chieftain system" to the "feudal monarchy system". More importantly, among the upper class of this nation, driven by the influence of the Liaodong Han people, the "orthodox" concept of the Han nationality has been deeply rooted in their hearts, and they are actively giving it action! This concept is the concept that the Han feudal literati have been insisting on and practicing for more than 4,000 years, "Under the world, is there any king's land; on the shore of the land, is there any king's subject"? , the people have no two masters". Under the dominance of this concept, the Qing Dynasty, which had been established in Beijing, regarded itself as "orthodox" everywhere. Relying on its ascendant military advantages, it wiped out the weak and peaceful Nanming, and established a "great unified" dynasty across the country. The next step must be taken. The head of the Zuo regiment who was enlightened suddenly felt that time was not waiting for me, so he hurriedly repaired the secret table, and sent people to sneak back to Jiangnan in a hurry, telling them that the negotiation would be difficult, and hoped that the Nanming government would make preparations to defend against the enemy. The next day after the first round of negotiations failed, officials from the Qing Inner Court led household officials to accept the "gift" with thick skin.One hundred thousand taels of silver, one thousand taels of gold, two thousand six hundred bolts of python satin, and the other 10,000 taels of silver and two thousand bolts of satin that Emperor Hongguang planned to give to "Ji Guogong" Wu Sangui were also looted by these guys. clean and dry. After receiving the "gift", the Qing court did not express anything, and directly "hanged" the Nanming mission to the side without negotiating or releasing it. On the 26th, the chief negotiator of the Qing Dynasty, Gang Lin, appeared again at Honglu Temple, announcing that there was no "negotiation" between the two sides. The three crimes of setting up the emperor, supporting soldiers and abusing the people in various towns" crusade against Nanming. The soldiers will send troops to the south in a few days. The Nanming mission has been listed as "unwelcome people". Please leave Beijing immediately the next day after receiving this notice . Seeing that the peace talks are hopeless, the head of Zuo made the last request to Bachelor Gang—to go to Changping to pay homage to Emperor Chongzhen of Daxing. But this request was categorically rejected by Bachelor Gang. His reason was: as a criminal who would not save himself, you have automatically lost the qualification to worship the emperor's tomb. Only we are qualified to drive out the bandits and bury Chongzhen Qing Dynasty. The head of the Zuo regiment had no choice but to lead the members of the mission, set up a prison to sacrifice in the direction of Changping, and then prepared to return to China. Before departure, Zu Zepu wept and bid farewell to the head of the Zuo regiment, telling him that he had to stay in Beijing temporarily because of his father's order, and repeatedly stated that no matter where he was in the future, he would "never treason". The mission reluctantly embarked on the return journey, but when it arrived in Cangzhou, Hebei Province on the fourth day of November, the Qing scholar Zhan Ba ​​led troops under the order of Dorgon to detain the two regiment leaders of Zuo Ma and some members, and escorted them back to Beijing. Let deputy head Chen lead the team back to the south alone. The Shitian members who were escorted back to Beijing did not return to Honglu Temple, but were imprisoned in Tai Hospital. Regarding the imprisoned Zuo Tuanzhang, the attitude of the Qing government was: persuade to surrender!When Zuo Tuanzhang surrenders, he will not only gain a talent, but also let the whole world see, even the envoys who came to the envoy have surrendered, how the Qing Dynasty "gets the right and helps" and how the Nanming is "unjust and helpless" ! Hong Chengchou and Li Jiantai, the two "model surrenders", ran to the head of the Zuo regiment to speak out, and returned without success after being severely scolded. From the moment he was escorted back to Beijing, Captain Zuo knew that it was time to serve the country faithfully.A couplet of Mingzhi written in special handwriting: "Life is a wise minister, death is a loyal ghost." Later, he also drew a portrait of Su Wu shepherding and hung it on the wall to encourage himself. When he first participated in the "revolution", he was appointed as the county magistrate of Hancheng, Shaanxi.There is Su Wu's tomb in Hancheng County. He has wandered in front of Su Wu's tomb several times, feeling the breath and loyalty of the Sri Lankan people.Today, historical opportunities have pushed him to the same position as Su Wu. Two thousand years ago, Su Wu, as the Han envoy to the Xiongnu, failed to complete his mission, but his unyielding and unyielding deeds of sticking to the Northland for nineteen years became the embodiment of a nation's integrity.Today, myself, who is also a messenger, has not completed the task of "negotiating peace and seeking survival". The only one who can live up to this mission is to dedicate his "humble life". Only in this way can we meet the mother who died of hunger strike due to the destruction of the country without shame under the nine springs, and meet the late emperor who threw himself into the ring and hanged himself because the country changed hands without regret. From winter to spring, within the high walls of the Imperial Hospital, he looked up at the flying geese returning south in the sky, and couldn't help but write such a deadly poem: "The yellow sand in the desert and the few geese pass by, what happened to the piece of Yunnan; It's hard to end, and it will never wear out when it's cold smoke", just waiting for the end of life. In the blink of an eye, May 1645 was another season of blooming flowers, but the news from the outside world was that Nanjing was captured by the Qing army, and the Hongguang Dynasty was wiped out. The Qing government believed that the leader Zuo and his party had lost their allegiance, so they set up a special "Taiping Banquet" and invited the leader Zuo to participate in a final effort to persuade them to surrender! But the head of the Zuo regiment has made up his mind, and he strictly refuses again. The Qing government changed the persuasion to surrender into a forced landing, and put Zuo Tuanzhang in a water prison in an attempt to use cold, damp, and hunger as weapons to force him to "change his mind, abandon the dark and turn to the bright." Seven days later, the head of Zuo Tuan who was taken out of the water prison was still: "I have made up my mind, and my heart of dying for the country is as bright as the sun and menstruation!" On June 19, the helpless Qing court killed the head of Zuo Maodi at Caishikou, along with Chen Yongji, Wang Yibin, Wang Tingzuo, Zhang Liangzuo, and Liu Tong, who were attached to the mission. Zuo Maodi, a native of Laiyang, Shandong, was only 45 years old when he died, and the rest of his birthplaces are unknown. They were neither the first nor the last among the martyrs of the Han nationality who fought against foreign aggression in the late Ming Dynasty, but their personality strength of sticking to their beliefs was like a guiding light that illuminated the past. , will also illuminate the future!