Home Categories Chinese history The Lost Empire of Tang and Song Dynasties 4·Thousands of Mountains and Remnants of Snow
The Lost Empire of Tang and Song Dynasties 4·Thousands of Mountains and Remnants of Snow

The Lost Empire of Tang and Song Dynasties 4·Thousands of Mountains and Remnants of Snow

奎文阁

  • Chinese history

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  • 1970-01-01Published
  • 156846

    Completed
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Li Siyuan is indeed a very honest person, or a very kind person, even after becoming emperor, he has not changed much.But a good person does not necessarily make a good emperor. The accidental death of Emperor Zhuangzong Li Cunxu of the later Tang Dynasty brought an opportunity to legitimize Li Siyuan's mutiny.If Li Cunxu didn't die, maybe the two of them, the monarch and his ministers, would have a fight, even if it wasn't a fierce battle, it would definitely be a life-and-death battle.Based on Li Cunxu's suspicion and suspicion of Li Siyuan for many years, after Li Siyuan blatantly raised troops against the imperial court, Li Cunxu would no longer trust Li Siyuan.Besides, Li Cunxu is not a politician who turns his hands into clouds and turns his hands into rain. His understanding of politics is too simple, and he doesn't have enough grasp of political tricks.He will not negotiate with Li Siyuan, let alone trade space for time to overcome difficulties.

Now that Li Siyuan has raised an army, it is very difficult to get off the rebellious tiger, even if he has no rebellious heart, he will not let it go.Once the battle is fought, the nature of the rebellion is clear, and there is only one way left, that is, the winner will be the king, and the loser will be the bandit. Judging from the comparison of the strength and situation of the two sides, Li Siyuan's side is more popular, and Li Cunxu's defeat is almost doomed.Li Siyuan would face a very difficult problem if he fought hand-to-hand. He had to attack Li Cunxu.At that time, the hat of "rebellious officials and thieves" will undoubtedly be worn on Li Siyuan's head. Once this hat is worn, it will never be taken off.Taking a step back, even if Li Cunxu is left alive, he is only the second Liu Rengong.To Li Siyuan, he was just the second Liu Shouguang, and the next level of rebellious officials and thieves were still rebellious officials and thieves.

Li Cunxu was shot and killed by the rebels in the headquarters, which saved Li Siyuan from a problem he had to face.More importantly, Li Siyuan can inherit the great rule of the Later Tang Empire with a high-sounding appearance.The rebel army led by him made a magnificent turn and turned into an official army.From the thief who was punished, he became the official army who attacked and murdered Li Cunxu's murderer, so there is no need to continue to be a thief. Even so, Li Siyuan was still very cautious and did not rush to take over.Judging from Li Siyuan's life history of more than 60 years in the past and his later career as emperor, Li Siyuan's attitude towards being emperor is very cautious and lacks desire.

No matter what Li Siyuan thinks personally, the situation is out of his control. A large energy group has gathered around him, interacting with him and working together. Under the repeated persuasion of the remaining ministers of Li Cunxu's court and his close deployment, Li Siyuan reluctantly assumed the post of supervisor.This position is actually the acting emperor.The reason why Li Siyuan did this not only reflects his honesty, but also has concerns.Prince Li Jiji had a large army outside, and that team was a well-equipped regular army and fresh force, whose combat effectiveness was far higher than the motley army that Li Siyuan put together impromptu.

The whereabouts of five or six of Li Cunxu's younger brothers are unknown.These people are all legal heirs to the throne of the emperor after Li Cunxu, and their legitimacy is stronger than that of Li Siyuan.Although Li Cunxu's death solved a difficult problem for Li Siyuan, it also brought another new problem.Since Li Cunxu was not killed by Li Siyuan, the logical rationality of Li Siyuan's replacement by violent means is not sufficient. He must recognize and inherit the continuity of Li Cunxu's dynasty to a certain extent, so he has to continue to recognize Li Jiji as emperor Legitimacy of heirs.

After Li Siyuan took control of the political order in Luoyang, the first thing he did was to find the whereabouts of Prince Li Jiji and other princes. After an intensive search, which can also be understood as a "search and arrest", Li Cunxu's close relatives and descendants have a clear whereabouts one by one.Tong Wang Li Cunque and Ya Wang Li Cunji hid among the people after fleeing and were found by officers and soldiers.Li Siyuan's chief adviser, An Chonghui, got the report. He thought of Li Siyuan, worried that these princes would stand on the court again, and even more worried that these people would compete with Li Siyuan for the throne. Kill in secret.Li Siyuan learned about this later, severely criticized and educated An Chonghui.However, Li Siyuan did not punish An Chonghui, but continued to use An Chonghui.It was in Li Siyuan's interest that An Zhonghui did it without authorization, and Li Siyuan actually approved it, but because of face, he had to let An Zhonghui take the blame for him.

King Shen Li Cunwo and Queen Liu fled all the way to Jinyang.The actual person in charge of Jinyang military power is Li Yanchao, the second son of Li Cunshen.Li Cunshen's family education is very strict, very rigorous, and very cautious, so Li Cunshen himself, a legendary figure, and his sons have high political awareness, with Shen Yi self-preservation as the main political philosophy, not blind, not impetuous, not biased risk.Li Yanchao tactfully refused to take in Li Cunwo and Empress Liu without expressing his position clearly.Li Cunwo was killed by his subordinates.Empress Liu took the initiative to ask her to become a nun and become a wealthy nun.

Here is an episode to explain.Empress Liu and Li Cunwo fled in a panic on the way, but they still had the mind to discharge each other, so they sneaked a few times on the road.It's really hard work, comforting each other.Li Siyuan sent people to the temple in Jinyang to chop off the head of Empress Liu who was hated by both humans and gods. Of course, he also confiscated the money Empress Liu had accumulated for many years. Yongwang Li Cunba fled to Jinyang, offered to become a monk, and asked Li Yanchao to save his life.Li Yanchao had no objection, but the Jinyang defenders disagreed.In the end, Li Cunba was assassinated by the Jin army and died on the street.

The whereabouts of King Xue, Li Cunli, and Li Cunxu's youngest sons Li Jisong, Li Jitong, Li Jichan, and Li Jiyao are unknown. They searched the streets and alleys of Luoyang, far away, and near the village, but they still couldn't find them.Li Siyuan posted missing person notices everywhere, but he still couldn't find him, so he had no choice but to treat him as lost and let it go. Yong Wang Li Cunmei was sick all the year round, hemiplegic and bedridden, unable to take care of herself.This kind of person is neither a threat nor a value, and no one in the court or in the opposition takes him seriously.Li Cunmei lost her life because of this.

Within a few days, Yuan Xingqin was captured by the army and taken to Luoyang.Li Siyuan personally interrogated.Li Siyuan and Yuan Xingqin are a pair of fighters who do not know each other. A few years ago, the two had a fierce battle for a day.They cherished each other, and finally Li Siyuan subdued Yuan Xingqin.Later Li Cunxu transferred Yuan Xing Qinzheng to his side.Li Siyuan still has feelings for Yuan Xingqin.However, in dealing with the incident of the rebellion in Weizhou this time, Yuan Xingqin interfered with Li Siyuan everywhere, which intensified the conflict between Li Cunxu and Li Siyuan.Li Siyuan didn't understand this very much. He questioned Yuan Xingqin: "How could I be sorry for you? You kept embarrassing me over and over again? You even killed my son Li Jijing!" Yuan Xingqin rolled his eyes sideways, without reason It means that I don't feel sorry for the old superior.Yuan Xingqin did not answer Li Siyuan's question, but instead asked: "How can the former emperor be sorry for you?!" Li Siyuan shook his head, and ordered Yuan Xingqin to be pushed out and beheaded.

What worries Li Siyuan the most is Li Jiji.
In order to prevent the Shu army led by Li Jiji from returning, Li Siyuan sent general Shi Jingtang and his son Li Congke to serve as the queen of Shanzhou and the queen of Hezhong respectively, cutting off the return route of the army of defeating Shu. After Li Jiji, Prince of Wei, heard about the changes in Luoyang, he was very anxious and wanted to rush back to Luoyang to rescue him, but there was no time, so how would he explain to the world if he didn't go to rescue him?He led the army to stop halfway back to the division, hesitating.Li Congxi suggested to Li Jiji that it is not too late at this moment, and he should return to his teacher as soon as possible, so that he can win the inheritance and preserve his interests to the greatest extent possible. Li Siyuan sent troops to meet Li Jiji in name, but in fact he was to block Li Jiji.Since the way back to Luoyang had been cut off by Li Siyuan's troops, Li Jiji had no choice but to cross the Weishui River in the north and divert to Jinyang.When Li Jiji walked to the Weishui River, he found that the bridge had been destroyed by the Jinyang defenders.The situation is already very clear, Luoyang does not welcome Li Jiji, and Jinyang does not welcome Li Jiji either.Besides, several princes lost their heads in Jinyang.Li Jiji went to Jinyang to die, and the young King Wei had come to an end. Identify loyalty and traitors in times of crisis.Li Jiji was in a desperate situation, and those sycophants, dead eunuch Lu Zhirou and others fled one after another, abandoning their master mercilessly.Li Jiji looked up to the sky and sighed, knowing in his heart that there was no way out.In desperation, Li Jiji ordered his followers to strangle him to death and committed suicide.A prince who was not too stupid, IQ was not too low, and his morality was not too low, died in a foreign land. Li Cunxu's son, younger brother and other people with the right to inherit the throne died or fled, and disappeared from the political vision of the Later Tang Dynasty.The extinction of the orthodox heir to the throne eliminated the biggest obstacle for Li Siyuan to become emperor and created opportunities and possibilities for Li Siyuan's legal succession.Now that the orthodox heir has disappeared, it should be the turn of the non-orthodox relatives to inherit the throne according to the order. Besides, Li Siyuan is also Li Keyong's godson and Li Cunxu's good brother, which is reasonable in terms of kinship.More importantly, Li Siyuan has the most powerful strength in the world, he holds a knife.Knife handle and legal identity are the primary and secondary roads leading to the throne of imperial power.Li Siyuan got these two roads. The door of imperial power was opened to Li Siyuan logically.At this time, Li Siyuan no longer had any reason to shirk from becoming emperor, no one else had any reason to prevent Li Siyuan from becoming emperor, and no one dared to stop Li Siyuan from becoming emperor. Regardless of whether all of this was planned by Li Siyuan himself, the result is that Li Siyuan must become the emperor.There is no data to verify that Li Siyuan directly directed or instructed all of this, let alone urged others to take care of it all.It is very likely that the people around Li Siyuan, such as An Chonghui, Huo Yanwei and others, thought of him, planned for him, and took care of everything for him, helping Li Siyuan clear the obstacles to enthronement. The reason why the people around Li Siyuan had such great motivation, and the reason why they were willing to think so thoughtfully for Li Siyuan, was that in the final analysis, these people hoped that through Li Siyuan's ascension to the throne, they themselves could gain greater benefits from it.Ordinary people understand the principle of becoming immortals, flying chickens and dogs to heaven, and it is impossible for An Chonghui, Huo Yanwei, Shi Jingtang and others not to understand.So they served Li Siyuan wholeheartedly, worked hard without complaint, and were willing to be paving stones and stepping stones. After all obstacles were cleared away, Li Siyuan ascended the throne of emperor amidst the voices of support over and over again. Li Siyuan's ascension to the throne was very simple. There was no ostentation like Li Cunxu's at the beginning, and there was no ceremony in the southern suburbs. It was just a symbolic formality.I went to work in the palace the next day. Objectively speaking, Li Siyuan did a lot of good deeds after becoming emperor.The first thing he set out to do was to correct the various shortcomings of Li Cunxu's government.From this point of view, Li Siyuan is not a fool, he not only conforms to the will of the military and the people, but also demonstrates his decent values. After living in the Luoyang Palace, Li Siyuan saw that the palace was filled with thousands of court ladies and eunuchs, as well as various troupes of jugglers, singers, actors, and wrestlers, making the palace full of smoky atmosphere like a big circus.Li Siyuan ordered to reduce the number of court ladies, eunuchs and attendants to dozens, and send the rest out of the palace.All kinds of cultural troupes were abolished and streamlined, leaving a few necessary troupes for the daily entertainment needs of the imperial court, and the others were disbanded or sent to the people. After the end of the Tang Dynasty, after Tang Zhaozong Li Ye's rectification and massacre, eunuchs basically disappeared for more than 20 years, and there were no eunuchs who supervised the army in the towns.However, in the past few years when Li Cunxu was in power, he sent a large number of eunuchs to the army to supervise the army, which caused great harm to the management of the army.Li Siyuan launched a purge of eunuchs like Emperor Zhaozong of Tang Dynasty, and ordered the various towns to eliminate eunuchs and supervisors on the spot.The imperial court did not spare the eunuchs who fled to the mountains and forests and killed them all.Even those who hide in temples and become monks, once they find out, they will be caught and chopped up.Poor these eunuchs, they lost their small heads when they were young, and now they lost their big heads. Most of the civil servants of Li Cunxu's court in the later Tang Dynasty continued to serve as officials in Li Siyuan's court, and many of them were hired and resettled.But there is one exception, Kong Qian, who is the Deputy Minister of Finance of the Later Tang Dynasty who is especially good at making money.This guy extorted money, searched and exploited with various methods, and was especially good at innovation, with a variety of tricks.Under Li Cunxu's court's harsh fiscal and taxation system, the common people were destitute, the country's finances collapsed, and the distribution of wealth was seriously unbalanced.After Li Siyuan came to power, although he was also short of money and needed state financial support and subsidies in many places, Li Siyuan remained unwavering and resolutely canceled Li Cunxu's exorbitant and miscellaneous taxes, and exempted the agricultural taxes for the two seasons of the year.While abolishing tyranny, of course the wicked must be punished.This boy Kong Qian finally received his retribution, and was beheaded by the court without hesitation. Then you may ask, during Li Cunxu’s court, the army’s funding was seriously insufficient, which caused many mutinies. Li Siyuan took over the mess and drastically reduced financial sources. Isn’t the contradiction of military funding more acute? When the army is stable, the world is stable.This is an obvious and urgent matter, of course Li Siyuan understands it very well, and of course attaches great importance to it. Li Siyuan's court adopted a method of breaking down the whole into parts to ease the military funding crisis, ordered the troops from all over the country to garrison on the spot, and no longer arranged any military operations.It is relatively safe if the army does not move.Even without military operations, huge expenditures can be reduced, but the army still needs to eat.Therefore, the imperial court also issued another order at the same time to change the military funding source system, reduce the central supply, and let the local troops find a way. The policy of splitting into parts did not create incremental funds, but only subtracted and spread risks, using an expedient measure to deal with the recent crisis facing the court.The implementation of this policy also requires an important prerequisite, that is, hope.Li Siyuan's ascension to the throne brought the hope of reforming the old and reforming the army.The power of hope is great in trying times and it can stabilize the mood of a human group. Another measure to save money and expenses is to reduce the salaries of officials.A 50% discount will be given to the monthly salary of the court officials, and it will be issued starting in May, and will not be reissued in March, April and February.It was not until mid-October that cotton coats were distributed to civil and military officials.The whole country is living a tight life, and everyone tightens their belts to tide over the difficulties together. Another important reform is the adjustment of the civil service system, the most prominent of which is the adjustment of the power of the prime minister.The national financial management department was re-centralized, and the fiscal revenue and expenditure, taxation, and treasury management functions such as salt and iron, the Ministry of Households, and expenditures were re-centralized, and were managed by the Minister of the Ministry of Households. The candidates for the Privy Envoy were adjusted, and the great counselor An Chonghui replaced Li Shaohong.Kong Xun served as the deputy envoy of the Privy Council.Kong Xun's contribution lies in dedicating Kaifeng to Li Siyuan, and another reason is that he is Huo Yanwei's in-laws. Li Siyuan was illiterate, had never read a book and could not read. He didn't think it was a big obstacle before, but now that he is an emperor, he realizes that he can't read.It is impossible for Li Siyuan, who is in his sixties, to go to a literacy cram school, and he has no conditions to study in an amateur university.Li Siyuan could not review the memorials, so An Zhonghui had to read the memorials for him, and then the emperor made the decision.But An Chonghui didn't study much, and although he had a good amount of literacy, he could read documents in general vernacular, but he didn't quite understand the semantics, allusions, a large number of rules and regulations quoted in classical Chinese, and the concepts of various majors. There is often a phenomenon of being half-understood and half-understood. In order to make up for the lack of culture of the No. 1 and No. 2 characters in the imperial court, An Zhonghui thought of a way to open up several positions to serve as the emperor's attendants and lecturers for consultation.There is Feng Dao in it.When Feng Dao was in Hedong, he was highly valued by Zhang Chengye, the number one adviser in Hedong, and he has been involved in drafting important documents and other work.Serving as an imperial scholar in the later Tang Dynasty was an important step for Feng Dao to move from an auxiliary position to a political arena. He promoted Ren Yuan, a civil servant of the former dynasty, to be the Minister of Zhongshu, in charge of finance, and became one of the important assistant ministers to the prime minister.Ren Yuan is dedicated to the public, actively recommending cadres, sorting out finances, and improving the country and military systems.Not long after, under his leadership, the order of the government and the public returned to normal, and there began to be surplus food in the treasury. The reason why Ren Yuan was reused was because he was smart and capable. First, he took over the important task of the army left by Li Sizhao's Northern Expedition to the town and his regular death. More importantly, he defeated the rebel army Kang Yanxiao during the expedition to Shu. He safely led the 26,000 Shu army back to Luoyang.Ren Yuan's ability and insight can be seen from this.Another reason is that Ren Yuan had worked with Li Siyuan when he was in Li Sizhao's army before, and they had a good impression of each other. Continue to employ Li Qi as Minister of the Ministry of officials.Li Qi once appeared in the former document. He was the prime minister of Zhu Liang and later an official of Li Cunxu's court.Li Qi once tried her best to write a letter, explaining the national fiscal policy strategy to Li Cunxu.In terms of status and status, after Li Qi belongs to a famous family, her political ideas are relatively decent. Among the former ministers, there was another person who was killed, and this person was Zhang Xian.Zhang Xian was beheaded not because of his many evil deeds, but because of his eccentric personality and difficult interpersonal relationship among his colleagues. It is a pity that he was drowned by the spittle of many people. Li Siyuan also paid attention to those who had contributed to the country but were not rewarded and reused by Li Cunxu's court.An Jinquan, who made an important contribution in the defense of Jinyang, ignored Li Cunxu's contributions because of his jealousy.After Li Siyuan ascended the throne, he granted An Jinquan the envoy of Zhenwu Jiedu.This has played an important demonstration and guiding role in the military circles, and it is a great comfort to the aggrieved military circles. There is another important political measure, Li Siyuan's court rehabilitated Guo Chongtao and Zhu Youqian.This marks that Li Siyuan overthrew all Li Cunxu's methods and started over. Li Siyuan's ability is at best a general who is good at fighting, but he is not good at governing the country.The reason why Li Siyuan can sit on the emperor's seat is because he has several original favorable factors.Conforming to public opinion is the easiest thing for Li Siyuan to do and understand, so he abolished most of Li Cunxu's bad policies one by one, and was supported by civil and military officials, ordinary people, and the army.Li Siyuan did not advocate luxury and enjoyment, and he lived a relatively simple life, so he did not suffer from lewdness, disorder, pleasure and abolition of government in governing the country.Generosity is another important advantage of Li Siyuan. He knows that he does not have the ability to govern the country, but he trusts the capable prime ministers and ministers, and lets them do their jobs. This guarantees the operation of the state machinery to a great extent. Li Siyuan corrected Li Cunxu's bad government, streamlined expenditures, appeased the army, selected cadres, and roughly stabilized the situation at the central and local levels.But the world has not been peaceful because of this, and it is still far from peace.After all, it is a mess, and history owes too much.Seeing the weakness of the imperial court, Hubei Gao Jixing began to openly confront the central government and dominate one side.Although the imperial court sent a large army to fight against them, they did not achieve an absolute victory, and only temporarily hit Gao Jixing's arrogance.Some mutinies also occurred in Pinglu, Lutai, Kaifeng and other places from time to time. Fortunately, the scale was small, unpopular, and did not form a climate, and they were eventually suppressed by the court one by one. Li Siyuan's full authorization and tolerance for ministers has indeed reached a certain level. Among the emperors of all dynasties, there are not many emperors who can achieve his level.Li Siyuan's reliance on ministers was not due to his incompetence, but mainly because of his lack of cultural background and experience in governing.Li Siyuan is not a fool, he understands things very well, but he doesn't have so much fancy.However, Li Siyuan and these ministers were not without conflicts, but considering the overall situation and long-term considerations, Li Siyuan mainly adopted a strategy of employing personnel based on unity and use, and was tolerant. In the second year of Li Siyuan's Tiancheng reign (AD 927), Emperor Mingzong of the later Tang Dynasty, several disputes between Li Siyuan and his ministers vividly demonstrated this relationship between them. The privy envoy, An Chonghui, spent the early twenty-odd years of his career mainly following Li Siyuan in the army. He was not familiar with the laws and regulations of state governance and the allusions of characters, and he had little experience in governing the country, especially for The various procedures in the daily operation of an empire are basically unknown.Therefore, although An Zhonghui was Li Siyuan's right-hand man and was above the prime minister, he was unable to operate the huge state machinery by himself, so he had to find some people who were familiar with the situation to help him with his affairs. Since Kong Xun worked in the imperial court when he was very young, he was familiar with the daily operation and customs of the central government, and he also knew the specialties of many high-ranking officials.In addition, Kong Xun has a lot of eyes and is good at making relationships, and he has a hot fight with such heavyweights as Huo Yanwei and An Zhonghui.An Zhonghui trusted Kong Xun very much, and the two formed a faction. By the time of the Five Dynasties, the prime minister no longer had as much power as in the early Tang Dynasty. They were called prime ministers, but they were actually the top leaders of major departments.The power of the privy envoys has gradually increased, mainly in charge of military secrets, which is equivalent to the current general staff.Civilian administrative affairs are in charge of by the prime minister.Due to successive years of wars, the functions of the privy envoys were highlighted, and many civil functions were gradually merged. Since then, the power of the prime minister has been further weakened. Once when Li Siyuan selected a prime minister, he actually selected cabinet ministers. He planned to select people who were familiar with the past affairs of the previous dynasty.An Chonghui didn't know many people, so he asked Kong Xun to recommend someone.Kong Xun had been serving as an official in Zhuliang and the Central Committee of the Later Tang Dynasty. He planned to take this opportunity to exclude the Hebei people who went south. In fact, he mainly wanted to exclude Ren Yuan.Kong Xun recommended Zheng Jue and Cui Xie to An Chonghui.Ren Yuan, the servant of Zhongshu, recommended Li Qi, who is good at poetry, poetry and writing articles.But Zheng Jue has always been at odds with Li Qi, so Zheng Jue restrained Li Qi through Kong Xun.Kong Xun told An Chonghui that although Li Qi's literacy level is not low, he graduated from a famous university, and his education has reached a doctorate, but he is too greedy and has a bad reputation. After the ministers drafted candidates, Li Siyuan held a meeting to discuss and prepare to decide on the final candidate.Li Siyuan asked: "Now there is a shortage of prime ministers, and there are too many things to handle, who do you think is suitable?" Since Li Qi had problems and Zheng Jue was old and deaf, An Zhonghui compromised and said first, "Cui Xie is fine." Ren Yuan went straight to the point, less minded about beating around the bush, and focused on his work. At the same time, he was impatient, and he didn't care about An Zhonghui's face at all, so he immediately stood up and objected: "Master An doesn't understand the situation in the capital, and he is not familiar with the characters. People are deceived. Although Cui Xie is from a famous family, he has too little knowledge, writes articles full of typos, and likes to talk loudly, showing off. As a prime minister, I feel that knowledge is not enough. Wouldn’t it be good to have another illiterate Cui Xie to help me? Will be laughed at by the world?" Seeing that the two ministers disagreed, Emperor Mingzong Li Siyuan understood that there was a problem, but it was inconvenient to say it clearly, so he adopted a conciliatory and roundabout strategy and said: "The post of prime minister is very important, and you need to choose carefully. You should go back and think about it." Li Siyuan After vetoing both Cui Xie and Li Qi, An Zhonghui and Ren Yuan became silent. Li Siyuan changed the subject, and then said: "When I was in Jinyang, Hedong, I often saw Feng Dao. I found that this man was knowledgeable and talented. He knew astronomy and geography, and he had no selfish motives. He was kind and didn't like fighting for power. Character is enough to meet the requirements of a prime minister." Cheng Yaojin came out halfway, Feng Dao picked up a big deal.Knowledge is power. In the imperial court where soldiers and bosses gather together, Feng Dao's rise does have his uniqueness, or he has unique value.Feng Dao's greatest strength is being good at drafting official documents. When he followed Jin Wang Li Cunxu to fight the world, the military affairs were heavy, and the official documents between Weizhou and Jinyang were like snowflakes.Feng Dao took up the task of writing, with fluent language, clear meaning, citing scriptures, and thorough exposition. Kong Xun's suggestion was not adopted, and two of his nominations failed.Kong Xun felt very angry because of this, and he was so depressed that he went on strike and failed to go to court for several days.In order to comfort Kong Xun, Li Siyuan specially sent An Chonghui to visit Kong Xun's home, and after some good words and enlightenment, Kong Xun continued to work. In order to reconcile the contradictions, An Zhonghui changed his previous arbitrariness in the matter of choosing a candidate, and took the initiative to discuss and negotiate with Ren Yuan, striving for a compromise from each other.An Chonghui proposed to let Cui Xie be an alternate co-organizer to help the prime minister handle government affairs.Unexpectedly, Ren Yuanniu's temper came up, and he refused to buy An Chonghui's account, and still insisted on using Li Qi, and never agreed to Cui Xie's entry into the court. An Zhonghui was not afraid of Ren Yuan, but the emperor used Ren Yuan a lot, and Ren Yuan was dedicated to the public and diligent in his work. Apart from his stubborn temper, he had no major problems.Therefore, An Zhonghui has always been polite to Ren Yuan.However, this competition for the prime minister had planted the seeds of jealousy towards Ren Yuan deep in An Zhonghui's heart.Since the negotiation failed, An Zhonghui went on to adopt a strategy of bypassing Ren Yuan.He and Kong Xun picked Li Qi's faults every now and then, and reported it to the emperor Li Siyuan, and at the same time praised Cui Xie's talents with embellishment. Not long after, Emperor Li Siyuan finally made up his mind and promoted Feng Dao and Cui Xie to be Zhongshu's servants together.In the competition for prime minister, Ren Yuan made a big chicken nest and lost one. Ren Yuan's character was strong and straightforward, he dared to take action, and he thought he had an old relationship with the emperor Li Siyuan, so he was not afraid of anyone in the court and dared to confront toughness, so he offended many people. Due to work needs such as business trips or overtime work, the government has issued some museum vouchers for meals and accommodation to officials, which is equivalent to the current vouchers.According to the traditional practice, such vouchers are generally printed and issued by the household department.However, An Zhongjiao asked the emperor to request that the voucher be paid from the Ministry of Internal Affairs, which meant that this right was transferred from the prime minister to the privy envoy.Ren Yuan, as the first assistant prime minister, would not agree.The two were arguing about this matter in front of the emperor, their faces were red and their ears were red. The more they attacked each other, the louder and more intense their swearing became.Li Siyuan didn't quite understand the mystery, so he could only reconcile the two.But An Chonghui and Ren Yuan confronted each other tit for tat, and they refused to give in, mixed with cursing and swearing, which disturbed Li Siyuan. The two broke up without a fight.After retiring from the court, Li Siyuan returned to the harem sullenly.An older court lady in the harem asked Emperor Mingzong, "Who was arguing with An Chonghui just now?" The emperor said: "Prime Minister Ren Yuan." The maid said: "When I was in Chang'an Palace before, I never saw the prime minister and the privy envoys dare to be so unruly and unruly. Do they look down on Your Majesty?" is not that right?After the court lady said this, Li Siyuan felt even more unhappy, An Zhonghui and Ren Yuan were neither big nor young, how decent it is!Later, Li Siyuan never gave Ren Yuan and An Zhonghui a chance to argue.When something happened, the discussion was stopped, and the emperor Li Siyuan made a decision directly. According to An Zhonghui's opinion, the responsibility for issuing vouchers was changed to the jurisdiction of the Privy Council.Ren Yuan felt that the emperor was too partial to An Zhongjiao, and felt aggrieved.Now that the responsibilities of library coupons have been removed, Ren Fang got angry and demanded that the responsibilities of the three departments of Yantie, Duzhi, and Zuyong should also be removed from the ministries and commissions, and they should all be handed over to An Zhongxuan.Emperor Li Siyuan didn't save face for Ren Yuan either, so he went along with the flow and assigned the functions of the three divisions to the privy envoy.An Chonghui's privy secretary further concentrated power, which was basically close to that of Chongzheng Yuan envoy Jingxiang served in those years. Ren Yuan was restrained by An Chongjiao everywhere, and he was not good at dealing with senior officials of the court. In desperation, he asked for retirement and went home to retire. In October, Li Siyuan went on an inspection tour. He set off from Luoyang to Kaifeng.Now the Xuanwu Jiedu envoy guarding Kaifeng is Zhu Shouyin, that is, the Hercules fighter.This guy is a typical guy with well-developed limbs and a simple mind. He can't figure out who to be friendly with and who is thick, and he does things entirely out of his temper.Zhu Shouyin rescued Li Siyuan several times and dedicated Luoyang City to Li Siyuan. Li Siyuan did not treat him badly, and handed over such an important place as Kaifeng Bianliang to Zhu Shouyin to guard. Li Siyuan's visit to the east was originally a normal emperor's activity.But Zhu Shouyin miscalculated the situation. He thought Li Siyuan wanted to intimidate the feudal vassals and towns in the east, so his heart began to beat.After a lot of wild thinking, Zhu Shouyin's two hundred and five unexpectedly reversed for no reason. Mingzong Li Siyuan felt dumbfounded, fat Zhu, if you don't live a good life, why are you rebelling?Li Siyuan sent Xuanhui envoy Fan Yanguang and pro-army imperial envoy Shi Jingtang to attack Zhu Shouyin.As soon as the two armies met, Bianliang City in Kaifeng collapsed, and the army and civilians surrendered.Zhu Shouyin's family was copied and beheaded. While Li Siyuan was on his east tour, a major incident occurred in Luoyang City.Some officials who were offended by Ren Yuan on weekdays secretly found An Chonghui who was staying behind, and urged An Chonghui to get rid of Ren Yuan while the emperor was away.In fact, Ren Yuan has already retired at home at this time and no longer cares about current affairs, but those court officials who were offended by Ren Yuan still refuse to let him go.Although Ren Yuan retired, he was also the first and assistant prime minister of the current dynasty, so how can he kill him at will? Killing Ren Yuan needs an excuse. An excuse is to use someone else's mouth to say a reason. Someone else said: "The emperor was hunting for thieves, and Ren Yuan was domineering for a time. If he didn't manage it, he might take the opportunity to make trouble in the rear. It's better to get rid of the hidden dangers." Now that the reason comes from someone else's mouth. And An Zhonghui also had this intention. So An Zhonghui nodded in approval. The privy envoy An Chonghui invited the emperor, and at the same time sent envoys to kill Ren Yuan.Before the emperor returned with instructions, An Zhonghui's envoy had already arrived at Ren Yuan's house.Ren Yuan already understood the meaning as soon as he looked at it. This is because An Zhonghui hated him and wanted to use an excuse to kill someone.Ren Yuanmian didn't change his face, his heart didn't beat, he didn't rush, he called the whole family together, put on a banquet, chatted about the world, talked about the past and the present, and drank the wine. Ren Yuan was handsome and unrestrained, and his manners were easy to open and close. When he talked about the truth, he was full of energy, fascinating, and very elegant.Now that disaster is imminent, Ren Yuan still remains calm and calm.Ren Yuan began to follow Li Sizhao when he was young, and he was in the army for 30 years, and the past scenes are vivid in his memory.When the Liang army besieged Luzhou, Ren Yuan urged Li Sizhao to stand firm to resist the enemy, and finally broke the siege.Li Cunxu succeeded to the throne, and internal and external relationships were fierce. Ren Yuan tried every means to mediate, and Li Sizhao and Li Cunxu resolved their suspicions.During the fierce battle at Hu Liupo in Jin Liang, Li Sizhao, Ren Yuan's staff officer, attacked from the north and forced the Liang army back.Zhenzhou attacked Zhang Wenli, and Li Sizhao was killed. Ren Yuan was entrusted with the command of the three armies to defeat Zhaocheng.King Wei conquered Shu, Kang Yanxiao caused chaos on the way back to his master, let Yuanxi chase and sweep up, and the bandits were wiped out.Li Jiji was killed in Weinan, and the Luoyang Dynasty changed hands. Ren Yuan appeased the soldiers and returned east smoothly.Li Siyuan inherited the great rule, and Ren Yuan took the world as his own responsibility, devoted himself to it, and within a few months, the government and the opposition made a big improvement. Ren Yuan made a generous statement, occasionally sang an elegy, and the servants of the tribe cried together after hearing it, and burned all five of them for the misfortune of their lord.Ren Yuan showed no fear, and calmly raised a large glass of sake, and after worshiping heaven and earth, he drank it down in one gulp.Looking around at the sky and the servants, Ren Yuan pulled out the three-foot sword with a "choke" sound, placed it across his neck, pulled it hard, and a stream of hot blood spurted out of his throat.Ren Yuan calmly committed suicide. Ren Yuan was killed! Luoyang shook. The court was shaken. Duanmingdian University scholar Zhao Feng burst into tears when he heard the news, and complained: "Ren Yuan is a righteous man. He has saved the country from danger several times. How could he rebel and make trouble? An Zhongjiao killed innocent people indiscriminately. What qualifications do he have to assist the country?" Like Zhao Feng After all, there are only a small number of people who express their regret. Most people were reprimanded, boycotted, and offended by Ren Yuan. They applauded Ren Yuan's death. An Zhonghui killed the prime minister without authorization, and Emperor Li Siyuan did not pursue An Zhonghui's responsibility afterwards, so the matter was left alone.From this we can see Li Siyuan's partiality and connivance towards An Chonghui, and from this we can see An Chonghui's domineering and arbitrary behavior. Due to Li Siyuan's kindness and insufficient ability to govern the country, the power of the court fell to the hands of senior officials such as An Chonghui.Li Siyuan had no choice but to turn a blind eye.
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