Chapter 3 3. Parting ways

Xunzi said, in people. Xunzi was a transit point from Confucianism to Legalism.Therefore, like the Legalists, he affirmed both the country and the monarch.Why be sure?For survival. First, there must be morality, second, there must be a monarch, and third, there must be a country. Can it be done?can do it. Therefore, he was able to invent the country, which is the most powerful human group; as for morality, it is the most ideal organizational force.With morality, man is the spirit of all things.He also has a family, a country, and a foundation for his life. The monarch is the core, morality is the strength, and the country is the destination.The country and the people are welded together in this way.

This is not the same as in the West. Westerners also want a country, but not necessarily a monarch.The ancient Greek city-states had no monarch.And the emperor had to call himself "the first citizen". Amsterdam in the 17th century would rather have three tulip bulbs than a king.After the War of Independence, Americans not only don't want a king, they don't even want a unified country.Unable to procrastinate, a Constituent Assembly was reluctantly held, and then the first federal government and president were dilly-dally elected. It can be seen that the attitude of Westerners towards the monarch is that they may or may not want it; some want it and some don't;Unlike us, since there is a country, there has been a monarch, but before the Qin and Han dynasties, the land was established, and after the Qin and Han dynasties, the world was unified, but they were all monarchies.Until the Revolution of 1911, there were still constitutionalists who advocated retaining an emperor, even if it was only a rubber stamp.

Westerners also don't think the country has anything to do with morality.For them, morality is governed by religion and God.What the country needs is law, and what society needs is virtue.So, their country can have multiple models.Direct democracy, oligarchy, unity of state and religion, constitutional monarchy, federal confederation, proclaiming king and emperor, not only try them one by one, but also go hand in hand, do what you like, and be whoever you like. Obviously, when the nations of the world began to establish countries, they stood at the gate of civilization and at a fork in history.

Afterwards, the main road faces the sky, and each side walks halfway. It's hard to tell who is right and who isn't.In fact, Westerners have also experienced the age of monarchy, and there is still a kingdom in name.Similarly, Xunzi's tireless explanation of "why there is a country and a monarch" shows that it has actually become a "problem" at that time, and things are not as simple as Xunzi said.For example, clans and tribes are also groups, so why do they have to become nations? What's more, the reasons for birth, the way of existence and the development path of countries in the world are also very different.There are monarchs and democracies; there are independent and vassals;There are all kinds of things, all kinds of strange things, and so on.

The choice of road will not be for no reason, and no one will make fun of their own destiny. Instead of talking about right and wrong, it is better to find the reason. Then look at others first.

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