Chapter 63 "Dajiang Daily": The literary prison case that must be said

When it comes to the Wuchang Uprising, one must talk about a literary inquisition, which is Dajiang Reporting the Case. "Dajiang News" has a word "big", but it is actually a tabloid. It was originally called "Dajiang Vernacular News". A dog died suddenly in the British Concession in Hankou. The people suspected that they had been abused by the British and gathered a crowd to demonstrate. As a result, they were shot by the British army, killing and injuring many people. The people were enraged, and Huayang confronted seriously. Biao sent military police to repress it, which greatly lost the support of the people.), but the scale is still small. There are only two editor-in-chief plus editor-cum-reporter, one is Zhan Dabei and the other is He Haiming.Both of these two were particularly famous revolutionary parties and journalists in modern history. The former had always been radical. The Great Revolution failed in 1927. This veteran KMT veteran was actually killed by the KMT Guangxi Clique when the party was purged.During the Second Revolution, the latter played the role of a warrior. He was very popular in the resistance in Nanjing, but later became decadent and became a literati of the Butterfly and Mandarin Duck School, and died in poverty and illness.

However, before the "Dajiang Daily" incident, the names of these two people were not very famous.As a newspaperman, Shanghai was the first choice back then, followed by Beijing.The newspaper industry in Wuhan is underdeveloped. No matter how you dare to speak out, it is nothing more than a storm in a teacup, and outsiders don't pay much attention to it.Sarcasm about current affairs was a characteristic of the revolutionaries running newspapers back then. "Dajiang Daily" has encountered Duanfang when he first took office, offended Zhang Biao, the commander of the new army, and made the governor Ruicheng unhappy, and his posture was not low-key at all.However, the successive rulers have put up with it. What really made Dajiang Daily unlucky were two short commentary articles.One is "Peace to Those Who Destroy China" by He Haiming, and the other is "A Wonderful Medicine to Save China from Chaos" by Huang Kan, especially the latter one. Although it is only less than 300 words, the title alone is enough Scaring individuals is clearly advocating revolution and rebellion.Huang Kan later became a master of Chinese studies, very conservative, but at the time, he was an extremely radical New Army soldier.It is said that he wrote this text in one go while drinking with Zhan Dabei, and the wine was hot.Although the ban on newspapers had been lifted at that time, such remarks were clearly "inciting chaos" and could not make the authorities indifferent.Of course, even so, the truth may be as the public opinion at the time said. The "Dajiang Daily" was nothing more than offending the ruling party piecemeal at ordinary times, and now it was attacked by these two radical remarks.However, if this is the case, the local officials in Hubei dare not act when they are being scolded, and they have to seize the opportunity to punish the reporter, which shows that these local officials still follow the rules.Previously (early 1910) when Chen Kuilong was governor, Zhang Hanjie, editor-in-chief of "Wuhan New News", wrote an article ridiculing him, and he was arrested and imprisoned. Li Yuanhong was relieved and sentenced to more than a year.

The "Dajiang News" was seized, and the news was transmitted by their own telegrams. After that, the newspaper circles in Shanghai began to pay attention to it.According to the "Times" report, which is as famous as "Shenbao", when a large number of policemen rushed to the newspaper office, none of the parties involved was there. Zhan Dabei and He Haiming were arrested one after another later.Zhan Dabei was arrested first, took everything on himself, and refused to tell the police where He Haiming was.As for the article "The Wonderful Medicine to Save China from Chaos", it is said that it came from an external manuscript, but the author does not know.If he wanted to fight or kill, he carried it alone.He Haiming, who was later arrested, was also unambiguous. The article "Peace to the Subjugated China" is signed with the word "Hai". It is said that it is okay for him not to admit it, but he does, but he admits it.Not only that, the two of them chatted eloquently in court, which stunned the judge.Every time the court was held, the two were confident and confident, and the words "furious" of the two in court often appeared in the reports. On the contrary, the judge was not angry at all, and was obsequious.

Dajiang's reporting of the case has aroused the attention of national public opinion. The poor newspaper circles and organizations from all walks of life in Wuhan submitted petitions one after another to intercede for "Dajiang Daily".However, the newspapers outside of Wuhan were not so polite. They sneered and satirized every day, and spoke on the side of "Dajiang Daily" with a clear stand.He even said disgustingly that on the day of the raid, a load of watermelons bought by the newspaper was also eaten by the police.He also said that there are a lot of remarks like "Dajiang Daily" in various places. If this kind of writing is used as a strong one, it is nothing more than a "special play" of the local governor's ulterior motives. Readers of "Da Jiang Bao" went to the entrance of the newspaper to "pay their respects" for several days, and the door was filled with "notes of comfort and short articles of mourning".For a while, Hubei officials were very passive and had a bad reputation.

Of course, since the prosecution has been filed, it is impossible not to judge. If the words of "Dajiang Daily" were taken literally, they would indeed violate the newspaper laws at that time. There were many related articles that blatantly criticized the outline of the constitution and advocated revolution.It is not unreasonable to say that it is suspected of disturbing the law and order and disordering the regime.Due to public opinion, the sentence in this case was quite light. Zhan and He were only fined 800 yuan. The two had no money to pay and did not want to pay. publishing.At that time, it was already August 1911, just a few days before the outbreak of the revolution.

Of course, if the revolutionaries have the money to pay the fine, Zhan and He don't have to go to jail, they can register for another one, and they can continue to do it, continue to criticize the authority, and continue to be radical, no problem.However, the revolutionaries in Hubei have always been poor. To run the "Dajiang Newspaper", some people broke their families to help raise some money. The newspaper was shut down, and all the capital was lost.Although the official said that according to the law, it is not too much to do so, but this case is a crime for speech after all.This kind of evil that harmed freedom of speech had a bad reputation at the time.The imprisonment of Zhan and He actually played a role in showing the ugliness of the authorities and discrediting the authorities.Therefore, even if they can get the money, these two people will not pay the fine, but they will go to jail.The two are in jail, the literary drama is over, and it's time for the martial arts drama.The revolutionaries began preparations for the uprising in full swing, buying guns, buying bullets, and testing bombs.Although the uprising did not start as planned, the soldiers of the new army, including Huang Kan, drove Rui Li away with guns in their hands.After taking Zhan Dabei and He Haiming out of prison, "Dajiang Daily" published it again and again.

However, after the resumption of publication, "Dajiang News" was seized again in the new year, and this time it was Li Yuanhong who did the wrong thing.The charge was that "Dajiang Daily" advocated anarchism, advocated the removal of the government, the law, and even the abolition of marriage and the family.Unlike the governors of the Qing Dynasty, the seizure was much more severe this time. Li Yuanhong wanted to arrest He Haiming, who was in charge of politics, and punish him on the spot.However, when the military police arrived at the newspaper office, He Haiming was playing as a fancier on the big stage. Hearing the news, he left in a hurry.Such severe punishment is probably not as simple as the newspaper's claim to harass people's hearts.After the revolution, the original comrades of the Tongmenghui had been split, and the confrontation between Li Yuanhong and those who still insisted on the position of the Tongmenghui became increasingly obvious, and these people (including the cynical He Haiming) became more and more disrespectful to the chief righteous man and the current vice president , Playing up the joke that he was dragged out from under the bed all day long.People need face, trees need bark, what about the vice president?

Li Yuanhong will soon go to Beijing to be the vice president. The successors will be the old Duan, Duan Qirui, and soon the younger Duan, Duan Zhigui.Xiao Duan is very popular in the officialdom, but he has a relatively serious problem, and the disease of the widow is difficult to cure.Soon after arriving in Wuchang, the famous actress Wang Keqin was taken care of by him.The "Da Han Bao" edited by the revolutionary Hu Shi'an repeatedly exposed this incident, always ridiculing "the military master is rich" (a line from the opera "You Long Xi Feng"), and also revealed a short story about buying the famous actress Yang Cuixi and giving it to the rich and powerful. The old account annoyed Xiao Duan. Taking advantage of the blow against the Kuomintang, Hu Shi'an and the newspaper staff were all arrested by the Military Law Department and finally sentenced.Fortunately, Xiao Duan was transferred away in August of that year (the second year of the Republic of China), and his successor, Wang Zhanyuan, was unwilling to be a villain who persecuted the media, so he released all the criminals in the "Da Han Bao" case. The "Da Han Bao" incident can be regarded as the aftermath of "Da Jiang Bao".Regarding press freedom, leaving Beijing and Shanghai, even after the Republic of China, it is still a bit difficult.