Chapter 55 colorful revolutionary flags

When a group of people work together, whether it is fighting a war or rebelling, they generally have a banner.Jia Yi's "On the Passing of the Qin Dynasty" said that Chen Sheng and Wu Guang "cut wood for soldiers and uncovered poles for flags", but if it is called a flag, there must be a piece of cloth with a pole, and there should be a big "Chen" written on the cloth, or " Zhang Chu" two words.According to Sun Tzu's Art of War in ancient times, flags were used to unify orders.Each combat unit has its own flag, and the surname of the head of the unit is written. First, the small units are unified, and then the large units are unified. The soldiers obey the small flag, and the small flag obeys the big flag.Sometimes the flags are also used to confuse the enemy. To lay out empty city plans, it is necessary to plant flags all over the place. If the army is not so large, if there are too many flags, the enemy may look intimidated from afar.Therefore, when the Taiping Army fought, almost everyone had a flag in their hands. From a distance, the flags were everywhere. Ten thousand soldiers would be regarded as one hundred thousand. Before the rise of the Hunan Army, it was very effective to scare the Qing army.

Entering the era of hot weapons, communication tools are more developed, and the role of flags is not so great.Only very outdated troops, such as the soldiers of the toilet general Wang Huaiqing, would fight with the flag with the word "Wang" embroidered on it.Generally speaking, a flag is often a sign, a sign that distinguishes between the enemy and the enemy, and is mainly used to declare a position.During the Wuchang Uprising, the rebel army unfurled the iron-blooded eighteen-star flag. This flag was the flag of the Gongjin Association, and it is said to represent the eighteen provinces of China.In fact, Gongjinhui is a branch of the Tongmenghui. When the Tongmenghui was established, the banner was blue sky, white sun and red everywhere. As a branch, it dared to stand alone, which actually reflected the internal disputes of the Tongmenghui.

When the Tongmenghui was established in 1905, Sun Yat-sen strongly advocated the use of the Xingzhonghui's blue sky and white sun flag. This flag was designed by his friend Lu Haodong, and Lu Haodong died in the first uprising that Sun Yat-sen instigated in 1895. If there is an uprising, everyone will use this banner.For Sun, the League will continue to fly this banner, first to commemorate the martyrs, and second, to show the orthodox status of Sun Yat-sen's revolution-he was the first to revolutionize.However, at the meeting to discuss and determine the flag, everyone was talking about it, and there were all kinds of suggestions. Some suggested the five-color flag, some suggested the use of the well-tac-toe flag, and some advocated the use of the eighteen-star flag.The most ridiculous thing is that there is a proposal to use a pumpkin axe for the flag.Each has its own reasons. The five-color flag symbolizes the republic of Han, Man, Mongolia, Hui and Tibet, and also implies the five elements; Like the United States, each place has a star, but its shape is similar to the stars in traditional astronomy; the pumpkin ax is said to represent the martial spirit of the Han people.Even Huang Xing, who has always supported his grandchildren, felt that the blue sky and white sun flag was not very good. The key was that it was too similar to the Japanese rising sun flag.The implication is that if it is typed during an uprising, it is easy for the common people to suspect that they are traitors.There was no way, Sun Yat-sen finally compromised and added a red background on the blue sky and white sun to form a new flag with blue sky and white sun all over the ground. On the basis of retaining the blue sky and white sun, add the red color that Chinese people like.The red, white and blue colors symbolized freedom, equality and fraternity at that time, so they finally convinced my colleagues.The uniqueness of the Gongjinhui shows that the unanimous agreement at the beginning seems to be insincere. In fact, everyone still has their own calculations in their stomachs.

After the Wuchang Uprising, various flags were used in uprisings in various places.The white flag is the most used one. The common people explained that it was anti-Qing and Ming Dynasty, and that Emperor Chongzhen would wear filial piety. At least some people in the party would accept this explanation.But what the Revolutionary Party was thinking is not quite clear.In the midst of chaos, it is enough to fly a different flag from the dragon flag of the Qing Dynasty.In the area of ​​Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai, the revolutionary army used the five-color flag. This flag was loved by Chen Qimei, the governor of the Shanghai Army. Cheng Dequan, the governor of Jiangsu, and Tang Shouqian, the governor of Zhejiang, also agreed.Chen Jiongming launched an uprising in Huizhou, Guangdong, using the well-tac-toe flag.In other places in Guangdong, there are blue sky and white sun flags all over the ground, and some small places also use blue sky and white sun flags.The interim government was established. Under the instigation of Chen Qimei, the governor of the Shanghai Army, the interim senate decided to adopt the five-color flag. At that time, the representatives of Hubei, the first uprising area, insisted on using eighteen stars, but Mongolia, Xinjiang and the three northeastern provinces were not included in the eighteen stars. The representative is firmly opposed to it, and there is still a Tibet.In the face of national righteousness, no one can say anything, so the five-color flag was set as the national flag.Despite this, Sun Yat-sen still had a soft spot for the blue sky, white sun and red flags all over the ground, so he planted this flag in his office to comfort himself.But after all, Jiangshan was not brought down by him, and no one is optimistic about his precious banner, so there is nothing he can do.

After Yuan Shikai took over the presidency, the provisional Senate was moved to Beijing, and the banner dispute was finally resolved.As the national flag, the five-color flag has become a conclusion.The iron-blooded eighteen-star flag is designated as the army flag, and the blue sky and white sun are covered with red flags, which are designated as the navy flag.The other flags, whether Jingtian flag or Baiqi, all withdrew from the stage of history.Afterwards, the Republic of China in the Beiyang period always used the five-color flag. Only a small section of the Hongxian Emperor’s system was changed to a new national flag designed by Liu Guanxiong, the chief of the Navy. It's a bad luck to wear a cross of five colors.With the monarchy coming to an end so quickly, the new flag didn't actually hang out.In the second year of the Republic of China, the Revolutionary Party’s second revolution failed. Sun Yat-sen organized the Chinese Revolutionary Party, using the blue sky and white sun flag as the party flag, and the blue sky, white sun and red ground as the national flag.After Yuan Shikai's death, Sun Yat-sen united with the Southwest Warlords in Guangzhou to form an extraordinary government, and once again used the blue sky, white sun, and red flag as the national flag. On the flag, he gave himself an account of the past.But this confession is only reflected in the very large presidential palace, and the five-color flags are still hung in other places.

The flag is just a symbol, and the battle for the flag is actually a battle for the ideas behind it.The white flag represents anti-Qing and Ming Dynasty, represents the meaning of the party, and also symbolizes the power of the party.And Ida Banner represents the thoughts of some revolutionaries with socialist thoughts, but those who have this kind of thoughts are too weak.The Eighteen Stars and the Five-Color Flag both represent a vision of some revolutionaries for China in the future. One is based on regions and the other is based on ethnic groups, both of which have strong Chinese traditional factors.But behind this assumption is a certain departure from Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary orthodoxy.Even without this factor, the blue sky and white sun flag is indeed too Japanese, which is disliked by the nationalists within the revolutionary party.Even Sun Yat-sen himself had to keep adding Chinese factors. For example, there was no fixed number of light paths on the flag, but Sun Yat-sen set twelve paths, representing the stems and branches.Then add mandihong, the color of happiness that Chinese people like.Even so, many former comrades of the Tongmenghui were still dissatisfied.If it wasn't for the reorganization of the Kuomintang later, Sun's lineage had the upper hand, and everyone competed to play the Sun Yat-sen card. Several factions of the Kuomintang emphasized the orthodoxy of the Sun family. In the end, Chiang Kai-shek became the family, and Sun Yat-sen took the throne of the father of the country. There will be storms.