Chapter 11 Ping Liuli: an uprising led by the Communist Party

The Ping Liuli Uprising in 1906, in terms of scale, was the largest number of participants among all the uprisings of the Revolutionary Party before 1911, with almost 30,000 people before and after.However, such a massive uprising was also the most ineffective among the previous uprisings. Not to mention that the Qing army was not wiped out, not even a small county was taken down.The whole process was like a mule and horse meeting organized by the party. It was lively and lively, with ups and downs, and many participants were involved for no reason.In the previous uprisings of the Revolutionary Party, the instigation party participated in most of the uprisings, but in each uprising, the leader of the organization was the Revolutionary Party.But the Ping Liu Li uprising was different. The organizers and leaders were all members of the party, and the revolutionaries were at best a staff.

In fact, before this uprising, in 1904, the Hunan Revolutionaries headed by Huang Xing also instigated a more typical revolutionary uprising, which was similar to Sun Yat-sen’s previous uprisings. They first raised money to buy guns and paid wages, and then mobilized party.Ma Fuyi, the leader of the Hunan Gelao Association, was fooled by the revolutionaries, and realized that his gang was originally intended to fight against the Qing Dynasty and restore the Ming Dynasty.For this reason, Huang Xing's Huaxing Association had a little wealth, including Huang Xing, Liu Kuiyi, Yang Shouren, Long Zhang, Liu Daren, Peng Yuanxun, etc., all broke their families to help.He really raised a lot of money, bought hundreds of firearms, and appointed Ma Fuyi as a major general.However, once the Hui Party gets involved, there will be trouble. Even if it is an uprising and beheading, it is difficult for the members of the Hui Party to keep a secret. Spit out the secret.On the side of the Revolutionary Party, there are also some revolutionaries with big thorns. According to the recollection of Zou Yongcheng, a revolutionary old man in Hunan, the Revolutionary Party in Jiangxi at that time was because Cao Yabo, who later participated in the Wuchang Uprising, held "Ten Days in Yangzhou" and "Yangzhou Ten Days" every day. "Jiading Three Massacres" and "Menghuitou" were distributed on the streets, but they were also cracked down by the Qing government.In short, this uprising that exhausted Huang Xing's mental energy and property was wiped out before it could be launched, and the life of Ma Fuyi, the leader of the Hunan Gelaohui was wasted, and the party members also died or fled.

The Ping Liu Li uprising, although in the later Kuomintang narratives, was also ordered by revolutionaries Liu Daoyi, Cai Shaonan and others to instigate it.But Huang Xingyuan was in Tokyo, and Sun Yat-sen didn't even know about it.During the uprising, Liu Daoyi and others did not get in touch with the headquarters of the Tongmenghui in Tokyo.The most important thing is that this uprising of this scale has neither foreign funding nor the purchase of foreign guns and cannons.The leaders of the uprising are all the bosses of the party.In the early stage of the uprising, Gong Chuntai and Wei Zongquan organized the Hongjiang Association, saying that it was far-fetched to prepare for the uprising, but it was more like the integration of the party.In the Pingliuli area, due to the large-scale mining of Pingxiang coal mines, the number of refugees who have escaped from the land has increased, which is the natural soil for the party.Integrating many small factions into a big gang is naturally the ambition of a party leader.However, in this process of integration, the ambitions of the revolutionary party have been stained with the ambitions of the revolutionary party. Although the integration is more convenient, it is also more dangerous.

Originally, the leaders of the Hongjiang Society, including revolutionaries such as Cai Shaonan and Liu Daoyi, were cautious about the uprising and basically advocated delaying the uprising.However, certain party cadres who were inspired by revolutionary ambitions gambled their lives on the rebellion, and sometimes they were particularly enthusiastic, like wild horses that had run wild, and they were extremely restless.The so-called unified deployment, unified action, or discipline is a fantasy to them.Dare to bet on your life, dare to act blindly, and dare to drag others to take risks together.The uprising launched by Xu Xilin and Qiu Jin later was also affected by the reckless actions of the party, so it had to be launched hastily in advance.The same is true for the Ping Liuli uprising this time, but Xu Xilin and the others really want to uprising, and it is still doubtful whether Hong Jianghui really wants to uprising.

In any case, after Liao Shubao, another leader of the Hongjiang Society, gathered thousands of people in Mashi to mobilize, the entire Hongjiang Society had to move.Gong Chuntai played the banner of the vanguard of the Southern Army of the Chinese National Army, and claimed to be the governor. People, draw a clear line with the Boxers.The most interesting thing is that the proclamation declares that even the people of European and American countries have not fully enjoyed the happiness enjoyed by the republic they want to establish.Of course, such utopian illusions of small intellectuals cannot be understood by the vagrants walking in Hunan and Jiangxi and the miners digging coal in the Pingxiang coal mine.Therefore, when it comes to mobilization, Jiang Shoudan, who succeeded Ma Fuyi as the leader, is more realistic. His banner is "The Uprising Restoration Army in the South of the Great New Chinese Empire", declaring that as long as there is someone among the Han who can overthrow the Qing Dynasty, he can be supported as the first person in the world. The Great Emperor of China.

However, regardless of the hope of being an emperor or enjoying the benefits of democracy, for a group of gang members who have no training, no new weapons, and even no money to get, it is not a hungry picture if they really rebel.Most of the rebels, armed with primitive weapons and even unarmed, would collapse as soon as they encountered the Qing army with live ammunition.Jiang Shoudan, the leader of the Gelaohui, led more than ten thousand rebels to attack Liuyang County. There were less than two battalions of the Qing army in the city, but they dared to go out of the city to fight, and the rebels were scattered in the first battle.In the historical narrative of the Kuomintang, there are only a few heroic fighters who bravely killed the enemy with a steel knife in one hand and a pot cover in the other.Obviously, even for such a brave man, the pot lid in his hand, no matter whether it is wooden or iron, may be good for blocking bows and arrows, but it will not be of any use when encountering a breech-loading gun.

An uprising with such a huge momentum, when it fell into a specific battle, it turned out to be nothing more than a child's play battle.This kind of uprising and rebellion, talking about the newly formed army and the rectified patrol battalion, even the Xianghuai Army can also be put down.Counting on tens of thousands of pot lids as shields, steel knives as weapons, and occasionally a few vagrants and miners carrying guns, or even bare-handed breech-loading guns and cannons, is completely a reckless move by party leaders.This kind of reckless action is even more absurd than other uprisings by the Revolutionary Party with money and guns.The revolutionaries, who were originally on the sidelines, suddenly heard that Ping Liuli had instigated an uprising of such a scale, and rushed to participate in a hurry. As a result, many people fell into it without doing anything.The uprising not only lost hundreds of innocent members of the party, but also lost many revolutionary parties who were inexplicably excited.

Later KMT historians always referred to Ping Liuli's rebels as the party army. In fact, if this mob was a party army, it was a party of the party, not a party of the revolutionary party.According to the official records of the Qing Dynasty at that time, local officials in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, including Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang, and Duan Fang, governor of Liangjiang, who were indirectly responsible, always called the uprising a rebellion by "bandits". After that, I mentioned that I took a few "Sun Party", but I never thought it was an uprising of the Revolutionary Party.It's really disappointing that the old enemy didn't give the revolutionary party any face and completely obliterated their achievements.