Chapter 31 2. The exiled immortal in the world of mortals

In 755 AD, when the Anshi Rebellion broke out, the great poet Li Bai was roaming around, visiting mountains and rivers.Although the mountains and rivers are beautiful, Li Bai at this time is not in a good mood, and he has lost the bold spirit and warm emotion that can often be seen in his poems.Because he doesn't really want to live the current free and easy life of entertainment, but wants to make a difference in politics.It's just that he entered Chang'an twice and returned without success. How could he not be depressed? Li Bai, whose name is Taibai, and whose name is Qinglian Jushi, was originally from Longxi Chengji (now Qin'an, Gansu). His ancestors migrated to the Western Regions at the end of the Sui Dynasty. Anxi Protectorate).At the age of five, he moved to Changlong, Mianzhou (now Jiangyou, Sichuan) with his father.Because of his wealthy family, Li Bai received a good education since he was a child. According to his own words: "Recite Liujia at the age of five, and observe hundreds of schools at the age of ten."

There is a famous legend among them. It is said that Li Bai didn't concentrate on his studies at first. His father sent him to study in Xiang'er Mountain, Meizhou, and he often played truant.Once he went down the mountain from school and passed a stream. He saw a white-haired old woman grinding an iron pestle for pounding rice on a stone by the stream. Embroidery needles." Li Bai was moved by this, and returned to the mountains to study hard. When Li Bai was fifteen years old, he became obsessed with learning swordsmanship.It is said that he is "less a chivalrous man, and he can kill many people with his hands". From this, it can be inferred that Li Bai's swordsmanship should be quite good.When he went to Chengdu for the first time, he got into a fight with a group of local scoundrels because he was good at fighting injustices, injured several people, and was beaten up by the magistrate for this.

Around the age of 20, Li Bai studied in Kuangshan, his hometown, and learned vertical and horizontal skills from his friends.He is diligent and studious, and reads a lot of books. "Chang Hengjing books, tireless in making".After the age of twenty, Li Bai traveled to many places of interest in central Sichuan.The majestic mountains and rivers in the middle of Shu cultivated Li Bai's bold and unrestrained character. In the eighth year of Kaiyuan (720), Su Ting, Minister of the Ministry of Rites, served as the governor of Yizhou (now Chengdu, Sichuan).When Li Bai learned about it, he took his poems and proses to visit on the way, and asked Su Ting for advice.Su Ting was famous for his prose at that time, and he and Zhang Shuo were known as two great writers. Li Bai dared to ask for advice with his poems and prose in his weak years, which shows that he was already very confident.After Su Ting read it, he really praised: "This son is a genius and beautiful, and he writes endlessly. Although the wind is not strong, and he has the bones of a special car, if he learns widely, he can be comparable to each other." He gave Li Bai a very high evaluation , Li Bai is full of confidence from this.

It is the greatest wish of the literati of all ages to become an official and build a career. The Chinese tradition believes that "everything is inferior, only reading is high".Influenced by political strategists and Confucianism, Li Bai also has a strong sense of fame and fortune, hoping to do a great job vigorously.When he was a teenager, he was catching up with the prosperity of the "Kaiyuan Reign". At that time, Xuanzong made great efforts to govern, the country was strong, the people lived and worked in peace and contentment, and the whole country was full of vitality.The imperial court attaches great importance to talents and opens up the road of talents, which makes Li Bai, who is less famous for his talents, excited.He wrote in "Bie Kuang Mountain": "It's no wonder that you have no heart to love Qingjing, and you have already made your book and sword clear."

However, influenced by Taoism, Li Bai earnestly longed for immortality and learning Taoism, hoping to be a hermit and immortal detached from the mundane world. This kind of thinking can be reflected in many of Li Bai's poems.The contradiction between being born and entering the world finally formed Li Bai's desire to take care of both, which is the so-called "success, fame, and retirement".It is a pity that the fate of "Gongcheng" never fell on Li Bai. In the fourteenth year of Kaiyuan (726), Li Bai left Shuzhong with "four directions" in his arms, and went out to roam.The young Li Bai carried huge gold and a long sword hanging from his waist. He was generous and conceited, and he was arrogant.On the way, he wrote the famous "Moon Song of Mount Emei": "Mount Emei's half-round autumn, the shadow enters the Pingqiang River. At night, the clear stream flows to the Three Gorges, and I miss you and go to Yuzhou." He first went down the river, Travel east to Jinling and Yangzhou.

At that time, it was the prosperous age of Kaiyuan, and the country was thriving. Li Bai also hoped to make great achievements and become the pillar of the country.However, Li Bai was bold and unrestrained, had great ambitions, and had a high self-esteem. He didn't want to take the ordinary imperial examination path, so he chose the Zhongnan shortcut.For this reason, Li Bai visited the famous Taoist Sima Chengzhen in Jiangling, and wrote an "Ode to the Dapeng", describing the meeting in the form of fables.The young and vigorous Li Bai described himself as a great roc in his Fu, expressing his lofty ambitions.

While seeking immortality and Taoism, Li Bai paid great attention to making friends with "haoxiong", that is, those knight-errant figures who can resist violence and help the weak, and sacrifice their lives for righteousness.Li Bai himself is "a young man who is a chivalrous man" and "does not care about wealth".In less than a year of traveling eastward to Wuyue, he squandered the huge sum of money he carried. In the early spring of the sixteenth year of Kaiyuan (728), Li Bai came to Anlu, Hubei.Here, he married the granddaughter of Xu Yushi, who was a prime minister during the period of Tang Gaozong, and began a life of "wine in Anlu, wasted ten years".He once lived in seclusion in Shoushan and Baizhaoshan Taohuayan in Anlu, and then lived in seclusion in Songshan with Taoist Yuan Danqiu.During this period, Li Baiguang made friends and also engaged in visiting activities, hoping to enter the official career through referrals.

When Li Bai was 30 years old, he came to Chang'an for the first time, and got into a fight with a group of street hooligans because of injustice. Fortunately, he had friends to help him, so nothing happened.After that, he lived in seclusion in Zhongnan Mountain and made friends widely, hoping to be recommended by princes and nobles.At that time (Xuanzong's sister)'s other house was located in Zhongnan Mountain, and scholars and scholars often came to visit, including Wang Wei, Chu Guangxi and other famous poets.Li Bai also visited Princess Yuzhen once.He originally thought that coming to the capital and being close to the center of political power in the Tang Dynasty, he should have the opportunity to realize his ideals, but he encountered obstacles everywhere and failed to achieve his wish.So Li Bai left Chang'an disgruntled and traveled to Henan.Since then, he has been living a roaming life.

Li Bai's chic and unrestrained talent and suave and romantic personality are undoubtedly very attractive.According to unofficial records, Princess Yuzhen, who had become a monk and became a Taoist priest, also developed feelings for Li Bai.Princess Yuzhen practiced in Jingting Mountain in Anhui in her later years.Li Bai also lives in Anhui. He once went to Jingting Mountain seven times, and wrote the poem "All the birds fly high, and the lonely cloud goes to idle alone. I never tire of seeing each other, only Jingting Mountain."Detachment and indifference come alive on paper.In the first year of Baoying (762), Princess Yuzhen died in Jingting Mountain at the age of seventy-one.In the same year, Li Bai died of illness in Dangtu County, Anhui Province at the foot of Jingting Mountain at the age of 62.

In the twenty-fourth year of Kaiyuan (736), Li Bai's wife Xu died of illness. Li Bai led his family to Donglu Rencheng (now Jining, Shandong). During this period, Li Bai met Meng Haoran, who was twelve years older than him.The two hit it off.At that time, Meng Haoran was working as a hermit. Li Bai admired Meng Haoran's attitude towards life that he didn't want to be an official. He wrote a special "Gift to Meng Haoran": "I love Master Meng, who is famous all over the world. The beauty abandons the crown, and the white head lies on the pine clouds. The drunken moon is frequent. Zhongsheng, you don’t care about flowers and flowers. High mountains can be looked up to, and you can only bow to the fragrance.” Praise Meng Haoran’s character is like a high mountain, and he can’t look up.When they parted, Li Bai wrote the famous seven-character quatrain "Yellow Crane Tower Sends Meng Haoran to Guangling": "The old man left the Yellow Crane Tower in the west, and the fireworks went down to Yangzhou in March. The lonely sails are far away, the blue sky is gone, and the sky of the Yangtze River is flowing. In addition to the narration and the description of the scenery, the whole poem does not describe the emotion of parting in a word, but in the whole poem, it reveals the real reluctance.

In fact, Meng Haoran's retreat was a kind of helplessness, not because he didn't want to be an official.After he failed to seek an official in Chang'an last time, he suffered a huge spiritual blow. He felt that he had lost his worth as a hermit and the face of a poet.Li Bai also experienced the shock of not being an official in Chang'an once, but unlike Meng Haoran's attitude towards life, he was still full of enthusiasm, firmly believing that "I am born with talents to be useful", and full of confidence in the future.Li Bai had great ambitions throughout his life, and he also made no secret of his yearning for fame and career.His optimism remained until his death. Poetry and prose can sometimes become a means of becoming famous and becoming an official. Especially in the Tang Dynasty, poetry and prose were truly elevated to the height of the great cause of governing the country and the immortal event.In the autumn of the first year of Tianbao (742), the fame of Li Bai's poems spread far and wide, shaking the court and the public, and finally even the emperor was alarmed.Recommended by Taoist Wu Yun, Xuanzong issued three consecutive edicts to recruit Li Bai to Beijing.The long-cherished wish of his half life was fulfilled, and Li Bai was ecstatic, "Laughing up to the sky and going out, my generation is not from Penghao", and came to Chang'an full of ambition.This year, Li Bai was forty-two years old. When he came to Chang'an for the second time, Li Bai's elegant writing style became famous for a while, and he got acquainted with He Zhizhang, an old poet who was a guest of the prince.He Zhizhang admired Li Bai's "The Difficult Road to Shu" very much, "I have not finished reading it, and the number of people who admire it is four", thinking that only gods can write such lines, so he called Li Bai "the immortal in heaven".It is said that He Zhizhang and Li Bai met each other so late that they invited Li Bai to have a drink together.But unfortunately, He Zhizhang happened to have no money with him that day, so he took off the golden tortoise (the accessory worn by the minister at the time) without hesitation, exchanged the golden tortoise for wine, and had a drink with Li Bai. The story of "golden turtle for wine".For the matter, see the Poems of Ingenuity by Meng Qi of the Tang Dynasty. He Zhizhang, courtesy name Jizhen, was born in Yongxing, Kuaiji.When he was young, he was well-known for his writing, and his calligraphy was also very good, and he was good at cursive script and official script.In the first year of Wu Zetian's Zhengsheng (695), he was a Jinshi and after he became a Jinshi, he has been working in the capital.He Zhizhang has a straightforward personality, open-minded and talkative. He called himself "Siming Kuangke". , Zuo Prime Minister Li Shizhi, Shi Yushi Cui Zongzhi, Minister of the Ministry of Officials Su Jin, calligrapher Zhang Xu, poet Li Bai, commoner Jiao Sui, etc. became addicted to alcohol, and were jokingly called "Eight Immortals in Drinking" by the people at that time).When He Zhizhang retired and returned to his hometown, there was another interesting incident.Xuanzong asked him what else he wanted, and he asked Xuanzong to name his son, "for the honor of returning home from His Majesty".Xuanzong said: "The most important thing for Taoism is to believe. Those who are fussy, believe it. Keeping faith and thinking about obedience, the son of Qing must trust and obey others. The appropriate name is: Fu." He took the word "Fu" as his son's name.This was originally out of good intentions, but He Zhizhang suspected that Xuanzong ridiculed his son as a claw, saying: "Why did the emperor tease me? I am from Wu, and people in my hometown say 'Fu' is a 'claw'. Is my son a 'claw'?" (For the matter, see Gao Ze of the Tang Dynasty "Living in Groups and Solving the Elderly") Due to the repeated recommendations of Princess Yuzhen and He Zhizhang, Li Bai was received by Xuanzong grandly.It is said that Xuanzong "descended his chariot to greet him, as if he saw a beautiful flower; he gave food on a seven-treasure bed, and served it with a spoon in his hand" (Tang Li Yangbing's "Preface to the Caotang Collection"), which means that when Xuanzong saw Li Bai walking towards the Jinluan Hall in a graceful manner, Looking at the demeanor of a fairy from a distance, he was so attracted to him for a while that he even forgot the majesty of the emperor, and unconsciously walked down from the throne to greet him, and asked Li Bai to sit on the Qibao bed next to the throne, and personally tuned it. Give Li Bai a bowl of soup.Subsequently, Li Bai was placed in the Hanlin Academy as a Hanlin enshrined.The main duty of the Hanlin enshrined was to draft documents such as edicts and decrees for the emperor, and also to cater to the emperor's interests by writing poems and essays at any time.In fact, he was an idler, but Xuanzong's superficial courtesy made Li Bai unaware of his actual status. He thought that the emperor favored him and his status was above that of princes and ministers. Li Bai represents a class of literati in Chinese history.These literati all had extraordinary literary talents, and tried to transform their literary talents into political capital to gain important positions in the imperial court.It is true that some literati are indeed both writers and politicians, with great political talents, such as the famous prime minister Zhang Jiuling.However, for most literati, their political talents are quite lacking.But these people often think highly of themselves because of their great literary fame.Li Bai is a very typical example.In particular, Xuanzong's grand reception to him made Li Bai mistakenly think that this superficial pomp was his political stage.It is of course an honor to be appreciated by the emperor, but it does not mean that you will get an official position. Taking advantage of the opportunity of being close to Xuanzong, Li Bai stated to Xuanzong many times his views and propositions on state affairs.In order to achieve his political goals, Li Bai even changed his arrogance and flattered Xuanzong.I thought this was the case, and his outstanding achievements were about to be established, assisting Ming Jun and An Sheji.However, at this time Xuanzong was indulging in the narcissism of the prosperous Mingjun, obsessed with the extravagant life of sensuality, especially not long after he got a new concubine Yang Guifei, it was the time when he was like glue, he thought the state affairs were cumbersome, and entrusted all political affairs to his favorite Li Linfu.Xuanzong valued Li Bai, and what he valued was his talent.When Xuanzong found out that Li Bai was good at talking about political affairs, he was quite disgusted.Most importantly, Xuanzong believed that Li Bai was not a "temple tool" after all.In Xuanzong's mind, Li Bai was always just a poet, a very good poet.It was such a person who had no political experience, but all day long pointed fingers in front of the emperor, which really disgusted Xuanzong, so he gradually alienated Li Bai. A politician may be a good poet, but a poet does not necessarily make a good politician.Li Bai's character is straightforward and naive, and he is incompatible with the commonplace power struggle, conspiracy and tricks in the court.In addition, he is full of pride, it is difficult to compromise with the real world, and he cannot bear the life of "ruining his brows and bowing his waist to serve the powerful".As a result, he became tired of the political life in the officialdom, and could not hide his loneliness and loneliness. In the spring of the third year of Tianbao, Li Bai knew that he could not do anything more by staying in Chang'an, so he went to Shu, "begging to return to the mountain".It's not that Xuanzong didn't love talents, but at this time he was indulging in sensuality and didn't want to hear people talking about state affairs in his ears all day long.He did not retain Li Bai, but "give money back".It took less than two years for Li Bai to go to Chang'an to wait for the imperial edict.However, these two years had a great impact on Li Bai's future life. Xuanzong's indifference to his political views almost shattered Li Bai's ideal of helping the world throughout his life.But at this time, Li Bai was still quite conceited, blaming his political frustration on the villains in the court, and often sighed that "the clouds cover the sun".In him, that sentence is well fulfilled: Since ancient times, Chinese people only worship power, not talent. After leaving Chang'an, Li Bai resumed his wandering career.He first came to Liang and Song (now Kaifeng and Shangqiu, Henan). At this time, the poet Du Fu, who was eleven years younger than him, came from Luoyang to attend the funeral because his grandmother Fan Yang Taijun died in Chenliu (now Kaifeng, Henan). This is how people get acquainted.Du Fu is "prosperous in nature, addicted to alcohol, jealous of evil and stubborn in heart", has great ambitions, and is congenial with Li Bai.The two hit it off right away, admired each other, and became close friends.He also traveled to some places in Henan and Shandong together, explored the victories hand in hand, discussed wine and papers, became intimate, and forged a sincere friendship.The following year, the two reluctantly broke up and never saw each other again, but both wrote deeply affectionate nostalgic poems for each other, which became an eternal story of "literati love each other" in the history of Chinese literature. After parting with Du Fu, Li Baiyin's wife, Mrs. Xu, had long since passed away, and married the daughter of the prime minister, Zongshi, in Liang Guo (now Kaifeng, Henan Province) and lived here often.Afterwards, Li Bai took Liang Yuan as the center, and started a roaming life again, "wandering around the world, adapting himself to poetry and wine" (Liu Quanbai's "The Story of Li Junjie, a former Hanlin scholar in the Tang Dynasty").But he never gave up his ideal of building a great career and becoming an extraordinary person.While traveling, try to find opportunities to serve your country.But at this time, the power of the government was controlled by Li Linfu, the prime minister, and the state affairs were changing day by day. Li Bai never found a suitable opportunity.There is always something lost in his heart, and he expresses this lost emotion by repeatedly chanting his ambitions.No matter in terms of his talent or opportunity, it is impossible for him to become a famous hero, and this just contributed to his becoming a great poet. It is said that once, Li Bai was drunk.Riding drunk and riding a donkey into Huayin County, the county magistrate stopped him.Li Bai asked for a pen and paper, and wrote: "A dragon towel was used to wipe the saliva, a royal hand to spoon a spoon, a powerful man took off his boots, and a noble concubine held an inkstone. Horses are allowed to walk in front of the Emperor's Palace, and donkeys are not allowed in Huayin County?" (Ming Jiang Yikui "Yao "Shan Tang Wai Ji") the county magistrate was shocked and apologized.It can be seen that Li Bai was very nostalgic for that period of life in Chang'an, and he was always complacent about the courteous treatment of the emperor. In the meantime, Li Bai roamed on the south bank of the Yangtze River, climbed the Yellow Crane Tower in Wuchang, and visited the scenic spots in the mountains and rivers. He wanted to write a poem, but suddenly he came across the poem "Yellow Crane Tower": The yellow crane is gone and never returns, and the white clouds are empty for thousands of years. The clear river is full of Hanyang trees, and the fragrant grass is luxuriant on Yingwu Island. Where is the hometown at sunset? The misty river makes people worry." Breathtaking.Li Bai held back his hands for it, and sighed: "There is a scene in front of you, but Cui Hao wrote a poem on it."See "Biography of Talented Scholars of Tang Dynasty". Soon after the Anshi Rebellion broke out, Liangyuan fell, and Li Bai took his wife Zongshi to seek refuge in the south of the Yangtze River.At this time, Li Bai was angry and hated.He wrote many poems, expressing his hatred for the rebellious army and his concern for the fate of the country and the people. The nineteenth poem of "Ancient Wind" wrote: "Looking down at Luoyang River, walking in the vast expanse of Hu Bing. The weeds are covered with blood, and the wolves are crowned with tassels." Li Bai still did not give up his ambition at this time. . At this moment, a big event happened.Yong Wang Li Lin refused to accept his elder brother Suzong Li Heng, and planned to raise troops in Jiangling.After Li Lin learned that Li Bai was living in seclusion on the screens of Lushan Mountain, he immediately wanted to recruit this well-known celebrity under his banner to strengthen his prestige.So Wei Zichun, a confidant counselor, was sent up the mountain three times, and in the name of quelling the Anshi Rebellion and restoring the great cause, he hired Li Bai to join his shogunate. Although Li Bai was brilliant, he had no experience in politics.He thought highly of himself all his life, and always thought that his talents were underappreciated, but when Xuanzong first saw him, he thought that he was "finally not a temple treasure".With Xuanzong's vision of countless people, there should be some truth to this.Talent is one thing, political talent is another.At this time, Li Bai, who has gone through vicissitudes, did not see Li Lin's true purpose at all, which is a good verification.Li Lin just used the name of fighting against the enemy, but actually wanted to take the opportunity to expand his power and compete with his elder brother Suzong.However, the elderly Li Bai only saw that the country was in the autumn of life and death, "feeling anger and difficulties", his enthusiasm for entering the world was rekindled, thinking that he had a chance to make contributions, and wrote Said: "Three rivers and northern captives are in chaos, and all four seas are running south like Yongjia. But use Xie Anshi from Dongshan to talk and laugh with Husha for the king." Compared with Xie An, a famous official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, he expressed that he would assist Yongwang Li Lin to put down the rebellion.Mrs. Zong tried her best to dissuade him, but Li Bai refused to listen. At that time, Gao Shi was the chief historian of Jiangling. Gao Shi saw at a glance that Li Lin, the king of Yong, had the intention of fighting Tang Suzong. He felt that the general situation was not good, so he secretly left Jiangling under the pretext of being sick, and went to Suzong. He introduced the situation in Jiangdong in detail, indicating that Li Lin would be defeated. like.Suzong then set up Huainan Jiedu envoy to lead Guangling and other twelve counties, and appointed Gao Shi as Jiedu envoy.He also set up Huainan Xidao Jiedu envoy to lead Runan and other five counties, and Li Zhen was the Jiedu envoy, and the envoy and Jiangdong Jiedu envoy Wei Zhi shared plans for Lin.Laizhen used to be the prefect of Yingchuan (now Xuchang, Henan). The Anlushan rebels attacked Yingchuan many times, but they were all repelled by Laizhen's army and people, so he was called "Lai Chew Iron".It can be said that Suzong had already taken the lead and took strict precautions against his younger brother Yongwang Li Lin. On December 25th, the first year of Emperor Suzong's Zhide (756), Yong Wang Li Lin raised troops in Jiangling (now Jiangling County, Hubei Province) without authorization to quell the chaos, and led the army to the east.Li Xiyan, the prefect of Wujun and an interviewer on Jiangnan East Road, sent someone to interrogate Li Lin, the king of Yong, and asked him what his intention was for leading troops to the east without authorization.Yongwang Li Lin was furious, and sent general Hun Weiming to attack Li Xiyan, and Li Xiyan sent general Yuan Jingyao and Dantu prefect Yan Jingzhi to resist.As a result, Li Xiyan's army was defeated, Yan Jingzhi was killed, and Yuan Jingyao surrendered to Yongwang Li Lin.Yongwang Li Lin sent general Ji Guangchen to attack Guangling Changshi and Huainan interview envoy Li Chengshi. Li Chengshi sent general Li Chengqing to resist. Li Chengshi's army was also defeated. Li Chengqing surrendered to Yongwang Li Lin.Jianghuai was shocked. At this time, Gao Shi, Lai Zhen, and Wei Zhi, who were specially appointed by Emperor Suzong to guard against Yong Wang Li Lin, met in Anlu (now Anlu, Hubei) and formed an alliance to attack Yong Wang Li Lin.Li Chengshi, the governor of Guangling who had suffered a defeat before, decided to join forces with Hebei recruiter Li Mian to attack Yongwang Li Lin.Li Xian led thousands of soldiers and horses and stationed in the area of ​​Yangzi (now southwest of Yangzhou, Jiangsu); Li Chengshi sent judge Pei Mao to lead 3,000 troops to deploy troops in Guabu (now southeast of Liuhe, Jiangsu).Pei Mao was very scheming. In order to strengthen the momentum of Tang officials and troops, he made many flags and planted them along the Yangtze River.Yongwang Li Lin climbed up the tower and saw the flags spread all over the riverside, Tang Guanjun's momentum was huge, and his heart began to fear. Ji Guangchen, the general of Yongwang Li Lin, also became selfish and wanted to save himself a good way out, so he summoned all the generals and said: "We followed Yongwang here. He was a traitor." So Ji Guangchen led his troops to flee to Guangling, Hun Weiming fled to Jiangning, and Feng Jikang fled to Baisha (now Yizheng, Jiangsu). So far, Yongwang Li Lin has no soldiers or generals around him, and he is at the end of his way, with nothing to do.Tang Guanjun on the north bank of the Yangtze River deliberately lit more torches, and the torches shone in the water. Li Lin hurriedly did not distinguish between authenticity and mistakenly thought that the officials and troops had already crossed the river, and fled overnight with his family.It wasn't until dawn that they realized that no one had crossed the river at all, so they re-entered the city to withdraw their troops and fled by boat. Yong Wang Li Lin fled all the way, intending to flee south to the Lingnan area. The interviewer in Jiangxi sent Huangfu to chase after him, and finally captured Yong Wang Li Lin alive.On February 20th in the second year of Zhide (757), Huangfu secretly sent someone to kill Yongwang Li Lin, and his family members were sent to Chengdu.When Suzong heard that his younger brother had been killed, he was furious and said, "Since Huangfu has captured my brother, why didn't he send him here and commit suicide?" So Huangfu's official was dismissed. There is a lot of fun in this, obviously, it is a great achievement for Huangfu to capture Yong Wang Li Lin, but in his capacity, he has neither the weight nor the courage to kill Yong Wang Li Lin.Unless it is said that he got someone's instruction that he must kill Yongwang Li Lin.Who is going to kill Yong Wang Li Lin?Among them, Suzong himself was the most suspected one. His younger brother openly resisted and challenged his authority. He was already furious. He should have expected his younger brother to die in the rebellion, but he was captured.As his elder brother, should he kill him or not?This is really a dilemma.Even though there was a reason for killing his younger brother publicly, it would still affect his image; if he didn't kill him, he wouldn't be able to make an example, and he felt unwilling.Therefore, there was no better way than hinting at his subordinates to do something, but Huangfu became the scapegoat.Lenovo Suzong was still the prince, in order to protect himself, he took the initiative to divorce his wife several times, expressing his determination to draw a clear line, such a person, implying that Huangfu killed Yongwang Li Lin was no problem.It has always been the tradition of the Li Tang Dynasty to be vicious to one's own flesh and blood. After Yongwang Li Lin was defeated, Li Bai was arrested when he fled to Pengze, and was imprisoned in Xunyang (now Jiujiang, Jiangxi) Prison.Fortunately, Guo Ziyi, who had been favored by Li Bai in his early years, came forward to intercede, so that Li Bai would be released from prison in order not to be resigned from his official position as a condition.Li Bai was spared from death, and his sentence was commuted to exile in Yelang (now northwest of Zheng'an, Guizhou).There is also a saying that Li Bai was able to get out of trouble because of Song Ruosi, the prime minister of the censor, who rescued him with all his strength.At this time, Li Bai was already in his sixtieth year, and his heart was very heavy, "Yelang Wanli Road, going to the west makes people old".On the way to exile, when he traveled to Wushan, he was amnesty by the court, and Li Bai regained his freedom.He immediately hired a boat to return home. The eternal masterpiece "Early Departure from Baidi City" was written at this time: "Among the colorful clouds of Baidi in the court speech, a thousand miles of rivers and tombs will be returned in one day. "The style of this poem is clear and brisk, reflecting Li Bai's joyful mood after being pardoned and released. In the first year of Shangyuan (760), Li Bai traveled from Jiangxia to Yuzhang (now Nanchang, Jiangxi) to reunite with his wife.In the last few years of his life, Li Bai lived in poverty and desolation.But he is always concerned about the changes in the current situation. In the second year of Shangyuan (761), Shi Chaoyi rebelled, and the Tang court sent Li Guangbi out of Linhuai (now Yu County, Anhui) to pursue Shi Chaoyi.Li Bai, who was already sixty-one years old, still refused to give up this last chance to serve the country. He planned to rush to Linhuai to join the army and join Li Guangbi's army.At this time, Li Bai was destitute and had nothing to rely on. In desperation, he had to get sick and go to Li Yangbing, the clan uncle who was the order of Dangtu (now Ma'anshan, Anhui).Li Yangbing was eleven years younger than Li Bai. He was good at calligraphy, and his seal script was very famous at that time.At first Li Yangbing didn't know that Li Bai was so embarrassed that he had nowhere to go, and Li Bai was embarrassed to say so. It wasn't until Li Yangbing saw Li Bai's poem "Sacrificing Cong Shudang Tu Zai Yangbing" that he realized it and took the initiative to persuade Li Bai to stay.It is really embarrassing that a generation of poets has been reduced to this point.Since then, Li Yangbing has been taking good care of Li Bai. In order to treat Li Bai's illness, he even sold a lot of calligraphy, paintings and belongings.Li Bai was grateful, and specially wrote "Dangtu Li Zaijun's Painting Praise", praising Li Yangbing for "the sound of Jinyun flying, Dangtu Zhengcheng". In the early spring of the second year, Li Bai, who lived in Dangtu, was in better health, and his children also came to Dangtu to take care of him by his side (see "You Xie's Pavilion").However, at this time, Li Yangbing resigned from office and left Dangtu, and Li Bai immediately became helpless in Dangtu, he was in the hesitation and loneliness of "lost at the end of the world", and his mood was quite depressed.On the Double Ninth Festival of this year, Li Bai climbed Longshan Mountain again, raised his cup and wrote poems, mourning his sad life.When he came back from the heights, he wrote "September 10th Immediately", borrowing flowers to cherish himself, and mourning for himself.In the winter, Li Bai was seriously ill, knowing that there was no hope of recovery, he chanted "Laughing Songs" and "Elegy Songs" during his illness, and finally let go on a snowy night. First, he was sixty-two years old.Later generations rumored that he died to catch the moon in the water. Although it fits Li Bai's romantic style, it is not true. After Li Bai died of illness, he was buried at the east foot of Longdong, ten miles south of Dangtu County.Therefore, his son Li Boqin also settled in Dangtu, and the family lived in poverty.Li Boqin died in the eighth year of Zhenyuan (792).The son ran away from home and his whereabouts are unknown.In order to make a living, the two daughters married local farmers, "one is Chen Yun's family, and the other is Liu Quan's wife". In the twelfth year of Yuanhe (817) of Emperor Xianzong of Tang Dynasty, fifty-four years after Li Bai's death, Fan Chuanzheng, the observer of Xuanshe, found out from his father's poems that his family and Li's family had "old family history", so he tried every means to find out the relationship between Li Bai and Li Bai. The whereabouts of the granddaughter, according to Li Bai's last wish of "Aiming at Qingshan", moved Li Bai's tomb to Qingshan Zhiyang. When Fan Chuanzheng found Li Bai's two granddaughters, he saw that they were "village in clothes, described as simple and wild", but their manners were leisurely and elegant, "like Confucianism".He felt that it was humiliating for the granddaughter of the great poet to marry a peasant, so he persuaded the two daughters to remarry to a nobleman, but the two daughters replied: "The way of husband and wife is fate and division. The power is to ask for help from other families, life is safe and secure, what is the face of death? Seeing the elder father in the ground, wanting to be inferior, I cannot bear to hear about it." The nobility and pride in the grandfather Li Bai's bones have also been passed on to the granddaughter. This is the real poverty that cannot be removed. .Fan Chuanzheng was very moved when he heard this: "Yu Yijia, don't take away his aspirations." (Tang Fan Chuanzheng "The New Tombstone of Li Gong in the Hanlin of the Tang Dynasty") also deliberately exempted the two women from taxes and corvee, which can be regarded as a respect for their ancestors. Li Bai experienced ups and downs and had complex thoughts. He is not only a talented poet, but also has the temperament of ranger, assassin, hermit, Taoist, and strategist.The three thoughts of Confucianism, Taoism and ranger are all reflected in him, so it can be said that he is an ancient and strange man.He had great political ambitions in his life, but he failed, and finally died of poverty and illness.Li Bai's actual achievements are only in literature. He has set up a monument for himself with his outstanding poetry creation - he is the most outstanding poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and the greatest romantic poet in ancient China after Qu Yuan.Li Bai has always been known as the "Poetry Immortal". His poems have the artistic charm of "when the pen falls to surprise the wind and rain, and the poem completes to weep ghosts and gods", which concentratedly represents the typical tone of high-spirited and vigorous poetry in the prosperous Tang Dynasty.The most eye-catching and touching poems in the magnificent tide of Tang poetry are Li Bai's poems, just as Han Yu said: "Li Du's articles are here, and the brilliance is endless." Li Bai's poems have far-reaching influence. Jiao, Li He, Su Shi, Lu You, Xin Qiji in the Song Dynasty, Gao Qi, Yang Shen, Gong Zizhen in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and other famous poets were all greatly influenced by Li Bai's poems. A generation of poets has gone through the whole course of his life, but his more than a thousand earth-shattering poems have followed the immortal poetic heart all the way across mountains and seas, and have been handed down to future generations. Recalling Li Bai's sentimental mood and talent in the past.

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Notes: Xichun in the poem, "It can't be broken for three years."It is said that Princess Yuzhen developed feelings for Zhang Guo, a famous Taoist priest (that is, Zhang Guolao, one of the Eight Immortals in folklore).When Zhang Guo heard that Xuanzong wanted to marry his younger sister to him, Zhang Guo immediately said: "As the saying goes, if you marry a woman, you will get a princess, and you will be promoted to the duke's mansion on the flat ground. People think it is gratifying, but I think it is awesome." The donkey ran to Mount Heng and hid there, never to be found again.