Chapter 55 8. The Goryeo Expedition

On February 22nd of the 19th year of Zhengzheng, the high-spirited Mr. Guan, Potou Pan, Sha Liuer and others wrote a letter to Wang Zhuan, King Gongmin of Koryo at that time: It's a bit like an ultimatum attached to a capitulation letter.Although Wang Zhuan was somewhat afraid of this group of Beipiao people carrying knives, after all, Goryeo had been intermarried with the Yuan Dynasty for nearly a century. The son-in-law of the Yuan Dynasty, and the three Koryo kings are the grandsons of the Borjijin family—now that there is trouble in the Borjijin family, the old Wang family can't just let it go, right?Therefore, Goryeo did what it could to help the Yuan Dynasty.Some time ago, when Tuotuo led an army of one million to attack Zhang Shicheng, a private salt dealer in Gaoyou, Koryo sent 23,000 troops to help in the battle.But the work was in vain, the "bandits" in the Yuan Dynasty were suppressed more and more, no, they even came to settle their accounts - Wang Zhuan had a headache thinking about these things.

On November 29, more than 3,000 vanguard troops wrapped in red scarves crossed the Yalu River and began their expedition to Korea.This vanguard force defeated the Goryeo border guards and established a bridgehead to meet the main force of more than 40,000 troops led by Pingzhang Mao Jujing.In those few days, it was freezing cold, and a thick layer of ice formed on the surface of the Yalu River. Tens of thousands of troops walked across the ice, captured Uiju (now Sinuiju, North Korea), and killed Goryeo deputy envoy Zhu Yongshi and others.On the 9th, Jingzhou was captured again, Jin Yuanfeng, the commander of the capital, was killed, and then Linzhou and Tiezhou were captured.King Gongmin of Goryeo ordered Li Yan to be the Marshal of the Northwest Miandu, Kyung Cheon-heung to be the Deputy Marshal, Kim Deok-bae to be the commander of the capital, and Li Chunfu to be Xijing Yin to lead the army to resist.The Koryo army deployed on the north bank of the Qingchuan River. The two armies fought in Tiezhou. The Red Turban Army was defeated and retreated to Linzhou and Jingzhou.But then he defeated the Koryo army in Xuanzhou, and took advantage of the victory to conquer Dingzhou.On the 28th, the Red Scarf Army broke through Xijing, which is today's Pyongyang City.

Taking advantage of the vigor of the first battle, the Red Scarf Army won a series of victories, but they were fighting in a foreign land with unfamiliar people and lack of provisions.When Koryo mobilized a large army to fight back, they could hardly support them. In 1360, the 20th year from Yuan to Zhengzheng, during the first month, the Red Turban Army and the Koryo Army lost in the battle for Xijing, and they retreated to Longwang and Xiancong. The cold ground froze, many people were frostbitten, and their combat effectiveness dropped sharply.On the 15th, Li Fangshi commanded the Koryo army to attack, and the two sides fought fiercely. Koryo Kaesong prefect Xin Fu, general Li Jian and others were killed in battle. Red Scarf Army generals Shen Ci and Huang Zhishan were also captured. .Under the pursuit of the Koryo Army, only more than 300 remnants of the Red Turban Army retreated across the Yalu River, thus ending the first Koryo expedition.

In March, the Red Scarf Army used more than 70 warships to attack Fengzhou, Fengzhou, Huangzhou, and Anzhou along the northwest coast of Goryeo from the sea—this was probably the version of "Operation Branding Iron" at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. Due to poor conditions, these amphibious landing operations of the Red Turban Army did not achieve satisfactory results. In the twenty-first year of Zhengzheng, on October 20, Mr. Guan, Potou Pan, Sha Liuer and others led an army of more than 100,000 to cross the Yalu River again and conquered Shuozhou.Goryeo took Anyou as the marshal, Jin Debei as the military envoy of the capital, and Li Fangshi as the commander of the capital and led the army to fight.The Red Turban Army defeated Fuzhou, Bozhou, Jiazhou, Taizhou, Yanzhou, and Koryo army. They had to fortify the walls and clear the fields, and moved the people and food in Shunzhou, Yinzhou, and Chengzhou to Cibeiling.In November, the two armies fought in Anzhou, and Koryo was defeated. Generals Li Yin and Zhao Tianzhu died in battle, and the commander Jin Jingxuan surrendered.Since then, the Koryo Army retreated across the board, and the Red Scarf Army took advantage of the victory to break through the Mercy Ridge. The commanders of the Koryo Army An You and Jin Debai fled.The Red Scarf Army issued a document all over Koryo, saying, "A hundred thousand soldiers will go east, and they will surrender quickly." The King of Koryo thought that he might not be an opponent, so he had to shift his strategy, and fled south to Icheon as the best strategy.On the 24th, the Red Turban Army captured Kaesong, Wangjing, and burned its palaces.Many Korean people joined the Red Turban Army, it is said that there are as many as 100,000 people.

In January of the following year, Koryo generals Anyou, Li Fangshi, Huang Chang, Han Fangxin, Li Yuqing, Jin Depei, An Yuqing, Li Guishou, Cui Ying and others led an army of 200,000 to counterattack. Stationed in Tianshou Temple in the eastern suburbs.On the 18th, An You, Li Fangshi, and Cui Ying besieged the Red Scarf Army from the east, south, and west.It was cold and snowy that day, and the soldiers of the Red Turban Army were still warming up and chanting scriptures in the camp. They did not expect the future Korean Taejo, but the current Koryo million households Li Chenggui led two thousand elite soldiers to attack from the east gate and get ahead. The city came, and the army was in chaos for a while.Subsequently, the Koryo Army attacked one after another and defeated the Red Turban Army.According to the "Continued Zizhi Tongjian": "Mr. Guan, Sha Liuer, and Potou Pan entered Korea, and the kings and kings all went out to Tamla. His ministers and daughters asked to surrender, and the generals and schools were all matched with women. The sergeants and Goryeo is a concubine, and they come and go freely. Goryeo people hide their horses because of each other. One night, a king's order was passed, except for Goryeo's voice, not to be killed, and the rest will be killed." It seems that due to the poor discipline of the masses and the lack of vigilance, In this battle, the Red Turban Army suffered some dark losses.Mr. Guan, Sha Liu Er and more than 100,000 people died on the spot, and Li Chenggui's great achievements in this battle laid the foundation stone for his Joseon Dynasty.

Seven years later, Zhu Chongba, no, Mr. Zhu Yuanzhang, ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtianfu, established the Ming Dynasty, and changed Yuan to Hongwu.In the same year, he sent envoys to Koryo to announce the country name and year name, trying to replace the suzerain status of the Yuan Dynasty and gain recognition from the international community.Since the Yuan Dynasty was in its dying years, even Emperor Shun Tuo Huan Timur himself had already gone to the outside of the Great Wall to take care of himself, and Koryo could only follow the wind and accept the canonization of the Ming Dynasty, acknowledging it in name Suzerainty of the Ming Dynasty.However, Meng Yuan had a deep love in Korea, and Wang Zhuan's pro-Ming attitude was immediately questioned and opposed by the people of the country.Another seven years later, in 1374 A.D., which was the seventh year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, King Gongmin, who was devastated by diplomatic issues, was finally relieved and was murdered by his subordinates.

The Mongolian and Yuan forces in Mobei immediately conspired to usurp the Goryeo throne, attempting to use Tuotuobuhua, a descendant of King Shen of the Yuan Dynasty, as the Goryeo king, and even prepared to launch an armed riot to seize the throne.Because before the death of King Gongmin, Beiyuan sent envoys Bodu Timur and Yu Shanbuhua into Goryeo to instigate pro-Mongolian forces in Goryeo to contribute money and efforts to support Beiyuan's revival cause, so this murder case, Bei Yuan cannot escape the relationship.After the death of King Gongmin, the Ming Dynasty sent envoys to mourn as suzerain, but the envoys were killed on the way back to the country. In addition, the pro-Yuan forces supported King Gongmin's ten-year-old adopted son Jiang Ning Jun Xinyu to succeed him, which made the situation even bigger. The Ming Dynasty was angered and refused to recognize the new king, even the posthumous title of the dead.The relationship between the two parties fell to a freezing point, and Koryo turned to Beiyuan for the title, and immediately won the title of King of Koryo and Prime Minister Zuo of the Eastern Province.

However, it is said that Li Chenggui has continued to build martial arts since the Battle of Wangjing: repelling the invaders from Naha, the prime minister of Liaoyang Province in the Yuan Dynasty; regaining Dongning Mansion; A genius is also in charge of great affairs in Erguo!"In the 21st year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, Xin Yu unexpectedly went to attack the Ming Dynasty, which was in a strong period, with Cui Ying as the commander of the Eighth Route Army, and Cao Minxiu and Li Chenggui as the commander of the left and right armies, with 38,000 soldiers and horses. Prepare to invade Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty.Xin Yu also announced that Hongwu Zhengshuo would be discontinued and the Mongolian Hu suit would be restored.

Li Chenggui is quite sober about the strength comparison between the two sides and opposes this military adventure.He returned to Wang Jing, abolished Xin Yu, and made his son Xin Chang king.Soon after, Li Chenggui excused that Xinchang was not the orthodox king of the Wang family and should not be the king of Koryo, so he was deposed and exiled to Ganghwa Island, and instead welcomed Wang Yao, the seventh grandson of Shenzong of Koryo, as king.He himself has seized supreme power in this dizzying series of political tricks, and has carefully pursued a pro-Ming policy.In 1391 AD, when Li Chenggui was fifty-eight years old, he finally proclaimed himself king and became the true master of Koryo, changing the name of the country to "Chosun".The Lee Dynasty of Korea lasted for 500 years and witnessed the history of Northeast Asia from prosperity to decline.

In the battle of Wangjing, Potou Pan escaped by chance, and with Pi General Zuo Li led more than 10,000 Qingqi to escape across the Yalu River and returned to Liaoyang.In April, the Red Scarf Army was defeated in Liaoyang, and Potou Pan was captured.Until the spring of the 23rd year of Zhizheng, there were still more than 10,000 people in the Central Route Army. Under the leadership of Zuo Li, they attacked Shangdu from the west. It is considered to have completely withdrawn from the stage of history.