Chapter 19 1.Do not use Qianlong

On the fifth day of the first lunar month, Prince Rui Dorgon was watching the servants singing Yangko in the mansion—it was nothing more than three or four male servants, some pretending to be big faces, some pretending to join the army, painted with paint, dressed in red and green, and knocking on small wood Sticks, walking on stilts, dancing with gongs and drums, and making fun of each other. Since Taizong Huang Taiji died of illness four months ago, and the ministers elected him and Prince Zheng Jierhalang as the right and left kings, Prince Rui grieved over his brother's death, and couldn't help but worry every day; coupled with the busy government affairs, not long ago, After investigating the reality of the Ming Dynasty, I went to the pass in person, and I hurried back not long ago. Now there are a lot of government affairs, and it is rare to have a leisure time. Today is an exception.

At this time, Yangko singers came from the backyard to the upper room.Among them, the one who pretended to be an army member was the best at being funny, with just a few movements, Prince Rui, Fujin and other female relatives laughed out loud.At this moment, Mending came in to inform: Fan Wencheng, a bachelor of the Academy of Secretaries, asked to see him.Dorgon was startled, and hurriedly stopped the gongs and drums, and hurried to the front hall to meet the guests. Fujin was watching happily, he didn't know why the lord stopped, and he didn't want to explain further, he just raised his hand and moved forward.

Fan Wencheng was originally the seventeenth grandson of Fan Zhongyan, a famous official in the Song Dynasty. His ancestors lived in Jiangxi, and his ancestors were relegated to Shenyang due to crimes. Therefore, his family also lived in Fushun. They are all scholars of the Ming Dynasty. When Nurhachi captured Shenyang, he was captured. Seventeen people were captured at the same time. They were going to kill them all at the time. They also knew that there was no way out. When they were about to kill, Nurhachi suddenly asked: "Are any of you literate?" Fan Wencheng hurriedly said loudly: "The criminals are the students of the Ming Dynasty."

Nurhachi was overjoyed, and ordered the seventeen people to be spared from death, and let him serve in the camp as a coat. It turns out that Nurhachi has been ambitious since he defeated the four armies of the Ming army in the battle of Sarhu. Therefore, he desperately needs talents who can understand Chinese. Nurhachi's mother tongue, and the Four Books and Five Classics are fluent in his chest, and he is a capable person in Nurhachi's mind. So by virtue of the title of scholar, he not only had to save the leader, but also the lives of his companions. After that, the Taizu paid the ransom on his behalf, and he officially served in the Qing Dynasty as a free man. After a few years, he became an official to the Bachelor of the Academy of Secretarial Sciences, and then to the second-class Lazhangjing.

Before this, Fan Wencheng was highly trusted by Nurhachi and Huang Taiji. As a Han, he was able to participate in secret affairs, and was often called to have secret talks with the Khan until late at night; The ministers could not decide on a major matter, and when they asked Huang Taiji for instructions, Huang Taiji would ask: Does Fan Zhangjing know about this matter?If he replied: "I don't know," Huang Taiji would say: "Why don't you discuss it with Fan Zhangjing?" Huang Taiji reused Fan Wencheng, and Dorgon also regarded Fan Wencheng as a think tank and respected him very much.Now when he came to the main hall, he saw Fan Wencheng standing outside the Yimen Gate from a distance, wearing a peacock feather on his head, and wearing a first-grade civil official's supplementary uniform, standing in front of the door, majestic without changing respect.

Dorgon suddenly remembered that the official etiquette of the Han people is that the host can do as the guest pleases. When a guest comes, if the guest wears an official uniform, the host must also wear an official uniform;I thought that Fan Wencheng would be more casual during the new year, but unexpectedly he was so serious. I thought, this Fan Wencheng is really a person who pays attention to etiquette. In front of the king and the ministers, the etiquette was never ambiguous.In comparison, as nomads, they are very casual in terms of etiquette among monarchs, ministers, fathers and sons, and brothers. Now that they are kings discussing politics, they have the ambition to change customs and reform the old rules. , can't let this group of Hanchen see jokes.

Thinking of this, he quickly turned around and went back to change his uniform. That's right, Fan Wencheng just came to pay New Year's greetings to Prince Rui.On the first day of the first lunar month, he served the emperor and the princes to hold a grand court ceremony. It is the custom of the Manchus to sacrifice the hall on this day, and the Han people do not need to participate. Therefore, the emperor was accompanied by the kings to worship the hall, and he was ordered to represent the emperor. Sacrificing to Confucius, Chunguan and the gods in turn, there is no time to go out to pay New Year's greetings until the fifth day of the lunar new year.

Prince Rui's Mansion was the first house he paid homage to, and he had to go to pay homage to Prince Zheng, Prince Li Jiying, Prince Yu, and Baylor respectively, so after seeing Prince Rui, he only said a few words of blessing before preparing to leave, not wanting Rui The prince grabbed him and said: "Sit, sit, Mr. Fan, since you're here, it doesn't hurt to sit a little longer." Fan Wencheng said: "There seems to be something going on in the prince's house, so I won't bother you." Prince Rui's face couldn't help burning slightly, knowing that he couldn't hide it, he said: "It doesn't matter, it's just the slaves singing Yangko. In Manchuria, we have the custom of 'going away from all kinds of diseases and getting rid of bad luck' on the 16th day of the first lunar month. Going out, or rolling rice seedlings, especially at night, but these folk tunes outside the customs are not as good as the Zhengyin of the Central Plains, and it is difficult to be elegant."

Not wanting to, Fan Wencheng said: "Really, Yangko opera is not only found in the Central Plains, but also in the south of the Yangtze River. However, it is not called singing but twisting." Prince Rui heaved a sigh of relief when he heard that there were also Yangge singers in the south of the Yangtze River, and hurriedly said: "Ah, Gu thought it was only a bad habit in our Northeast." Fan Wencheng has a clear understanding of Prince Rui's mind - the current Qing Dynasty, which used to be called the Great Jin Khanate, is still just a nomadic people living in caves, farming by slash and burn, drinking blood like a hair, it is unknown how far behind the Central Plains , Later, Taizu Nurha Chilong built the state, started from scratch, and only two generations of effort, not only wiped out all the ministries, unified Manchuria, but also surrendered Mongolia, North Korea, captured the Central Plains, ruled the roost, and even the land outside the customs of the Ming Dynasty, Most of them also fell into their hands; in the hands of Taizong Huang Taiji, they even entered the customs several times and went deep into the interior.

Today, Prince Rui, in his position as a political deliberative king, has already made a grand plan to destroy the Ming Dynasty and secure the Central Plains. In the eyes of Prince Rui, the Ming Dynasty is inferior to the Qing Dynasty in terms of force, but when it comes to poetry, rituals and music, Manchuria is not as far away as the Central Plains. very.Therefore, when Prince Rui mentioned literary affairs in front of these Han officials, he always felt somewhat ashamed.For this reason, he not only established Sinology, and advocated that the children of the royal family learn from the Han people, but also worshiped Fan Wencheng, Hong Chengchou and other Han people as teachers, and followed suit, believing in words and obeying plans.Fan Wencheng saw that Prince Rui had a desire to change, so he instilled these things in him from time to time.

Right now, Prince Rui said in order to stop the ridicule, "Unexpectedly, there are small things like Yangko in Jiangnan." Fan Wencheng hurriedly said: "As far as I know, although there are different sounds and customs in different parts of the Central Plains, the music of Yangko in Yuan Dynasty is mostly the same. If you ask the truth, the prince just said that it is suffering from all kinds of diseases. To get rid of the bad luck, Yangko in Jiangnan is also to entertain the gods, the rice planters, and the gods of the valley. During the spring planting in the south of the Yangtze River, there are also rituals of firing guns, opening the gates of rice fields, and offering sacrifices to the gods of rice seedlings.” Next, Fan Wencheng and Prince Rui gradually talked about Confucius and the Confucian Temple from entertaining the gods to offering sacrifices to the gods. In fact, there is no lack of places to respect Confucius in the Northeast, but there are no Confucian temples and tribute courtyards, and the statues of Confucius are worshiped together with other gods. Fan Wencheng understood the origin of these so-called gods—the earliest Jurchen people knew nothing except hunting, fishing, digging ginseng, and picking pine nuts. It was not until later that they developed into an agricultural society.For this reason, when they attacked the Central Plains, every time they occupied land, except for gold, silver and women, they must take away as much as possible.This was not uncommon before the confrontation between the Song Dynasty and the Jin Kingdom. Although the skilled craftsmen from the Central Plains were reduced to slaves, in the eyes of their masters, their status was higher than that of ordinary slaves, and their treatment was slightly better, because they could build palaces for the rulers, forge tools and weapons, and teach them how to spin yarn. , weaving, iron smelting, teaching them to make medicine, cure diseases and save people. They are very convinced of these people. Over time, there are temples of ancestors with five elements and eight works. And worship. At the beginning of the year, when Fan Wencheng offered sacrifices to Confucius, he also went to offer sacrifices to these gods. Fan Wencheng had to respectfully burn a stick of incense in front of them, and kowtow one Even though Fan Wencheng, who has been sent down to the Qing Dynasty as a barbarian official, kowtows in front of the portrait of Sun Simiao, king of medicine, he still feels wronged, but it is really not in his heart to ask him to kowtow to those ugly and vulgar cobblers and blacksmiths. taste. Right now, Prince Rui asked about the priests in the pass.Fan Wencheng then said: "In the pass, the gods are worshiped separately. All walks of life only worship their own ancestors, and scholars only worship Confucius. At most, they are the 'four matchers' and seventy-two sages." Prince Rui asked: "What are four matches?" Then Fan Wencheng talked to Prince Rui about Fusheng Yan Yuan, Zongsheng Zengshen, Yasheng Mencius and Shusheng Zisi, and how these four people carried forward and magnified Confucianism. Prince Rui listened very attentively, and finally he asked road: "Then, who is this old man?" This question is another big one.Fan Wencheng had no choice but to talk about Lao Dan and him, saying that he was the founder of Taoism, who was about earlier than Confucius. In the Central Plains, Taoism and Confucianism were the two major schools. Prince Rui really "listens all ears", never missing a single word.Fan Wencheng thought that he should have finished asking what he knew, but he didn't want Prince Rui to ask again: "Isn't the Book of Changes in the Four Books and Five Classics? And who wrote it?" Even though Fan Wencheng wanted to pay many visits to many guests today, he never tires of asking Prince Rui's questions.He understood that Prince Rui is currently the actual ruler of the Qing Dynasty, not only commanding the Manchu, Mongolian and Han Eight Banners, maybe in the near future, he will also rule the Central Plains and the whole of China.Then, to be able to develop a civilized and righteous monarch with all his heart, even though he rules China, he does not lose the traditional Chinese poetry, books, rituals and music. Would it be better for a ruler of barbarians who knows nothing but killing to rule China? Although Prince Rui was devoted to learning, but he was too busy and had a lot of time to manage, it was rare to have such leisure like today, even though Sheng Mingzong, after all, the enlightenment was too late, if he wanted to learn, he would not be able to learn, since he asked about it today, how could he not explain it wholeheartedly? So he said to Prince Rui again: "It is also called "Book of Changes". Enrichment and development have also made considerable contributions. It can be said that this is a book that contains profound philosophies. , and failed to truly understand the profound meaning of this book." Prince Rui said: "Gu Wen heard that it is a book of fortune-telling, not only can it predict the fate of individuals, know the past and future, but also predict the major events of the country?" Fan Wencheng said: "From the outside, it is indeed a book of divination, because it is composed of hexagrams and lines. It can be used for divination, but this is only one side of it. You must know that the hexagrams and lines are hidden secrets. Through these, many great principles of life can be learned from it.” Speaking of this, it is natural to involve Taiji, Liangyi, Sixiang and the sixty-four hexagrams.So, dipping his hands in the tea again, he drew the figures of Tai Chi and Bagua on the low table, the so-called Qian San Lian, Kun Liu Duan, Zhen Yang Yu, Gen Fu Yu, Li Zhong Xu, Kan Zhong Man, Du Shang Missing, Sunda is broken. Fan Wencheng talked eloquently, and heard Prince Rui's interest, so he said: "Since that's the case, there is also this book here in Gu, why don't you make a divination for Gu, sir, so that Gu can see and see." As he said that, he really took it out from the bookshelf casually, and handed it over across the tea table. This made it difficult for Fan Wencheng.Not to mention that tools such as yarrow or tortoise shells are needed for divination. In addition, if it is really a big event to predict, it would appear dishonest to make such a hasty divination. Prince Rui saw what was on his mind, and hurriedly said: "Come here, I'm just here to see and see, what is the process of this divination, I don't care if it works or not." In fact, Fan Wencheng also likes divination. At this moment, he had no choice but to take out a few Heavenly Mandate Tongbao and replace the yarrow to really try it out for Prince Rui. He put the three copper coins in the palm of his hand, gently clasped them together and shook them in the air, then put them on the small table, squinted to see their pros and cons, and wrote them down one by one on a piece of paper, repeated several times, The marks on the paper became more and more, and finally, he flipped through the book to check them carefully. Prince Rui watched his calculation with great interest, saw him flipping through the book, and asked, "What hexagram?" Fan Wencheng said again and again: "Strange, strange, strange, this is the first divination of the minister this year. It is actually composed of Yang lines. It is the first hexagram in the sixty-four hexagrams—the Qian hexagram." Prince Rui said: "Is Qian Gua auspicious or not?" Fan Wencheng secretly suspected: Didn't Prince Rui say that he only looked at the process and didn't really want divination? Why did he ask this again?At the beginning of the new year, divination of the Qian Gua with six strokes all strange, this is really a rare event in a lifetime, and Prince Rui pursued it so hard, was it intentional or unintentional? Prince Rui seemed to see the doubt in his heart, and hurriedly said: "Gu is indeed out of curiosity, there is no other intention, but since the divination has been made, there is no harm in listening to the result." Fan Wencheng had no choice but to say: "The six paintings of this hexagram are all strange, and both the upper and lower sides are dry. The so-called pure and healthy yang is rare. The hexagram is Yuan Henry Zhen, which are very auspicious words. It is said in the book that the original is great; the prosper is good; As Fan Wencheng spoke, he mused and stopped talking.Prince Rui couldn't help being anxious, and said: "But what? Don't hesitate, and don't be so serious. Didn't Gu say it, and didn't mean to let you off the hook, you just assume, if this hexagram is intentionally done by Gu, It's Bu's state affairs again, what will happen?" Fan Wencheng said: "If the divination is really intentional, and the divination is about state affairs, then it indicates, my lord, that the fate of the Qing Dynasty is good, of course it is good, but the time for prosperity is not yet ripe." Prince Rui said, "Is there anything to say here?" Fan Wencheng said: "Although it is the hexagram of Qian, it is broken on the ninth day of the lunar month. It is said that Qianlong should not be used. The Qianlong here should refer to the king who has made great achievements. Because the time has not come, he can only temporarily hibernate. That is what Mencius said: Although you have wisdom, it is better to take advantage of the situation; although you have a good foundation, it is better to wait for the time." After hearing this, Prince Rui seemed to have not fully understood it, took the book again, flipped through it himself, and read: "Heaven is healthy, and a gentleman should strive for self-improvement. In other words, it is because the opportunity has not yet fully matured. We should not be in a hurry, as long as we respect Heaven. If you cultivate virtue, there will be good news.” Fan Wencheng nodded repeatedly and said, "The prince understands it better than the minister." So, from the ninth day of Qian Gua, Qianlong should not be used, to the upper nine, Kanglong has regrets, and he said that things in the universe, there are yin and yang, movement and stillness, hardness and softness, and they are evolving with each other. And mutual restraint, poverty leads to change, change leads to success, and success leads to long-term; To the best of his knowledge, Fan Wencheng talked about Yi Li and the change of yin and yang with Prince Rui.Prince Rui sat with him respectfully, listening very seriously, like a pious primary school student.