In 211 BC, when the Romans and the Carthaginians fought for the supremacy of the Mediterranean Sea, the Carthaginian Hannibal gradually fell into decline, and invented Mr. Archimedes who "the buoyant force is equal to the weight of the water it displaces" The city where it was located (the ancient city of Syracuse) was also attacked by the Romans because it supported Hannibal's side.Mr. Archimedes was accidentally killed by a Roman soldier while doing arithmetic.At this time, at the easternmost point of the Eurasian continent, on a hill called Jieshi Island, a great man was watching the sunrise in the East China Sea with his hands folded.

This person is Qin Shihuang who is about to die at the age of fifty. Qin Shihuang likes to travel by car: As an emperor with ten years of driving experience (the age of driving China), he has toured China five times (on average, once every two or three years).He was riding in a wooden cart, not for fun, but to suppress the two unstable newly occupied areas in the east and south, and to check the security of the northern border.Every time he comes and goes from spring to autumn, across the moon and seasons, in terms of the mileage he travels, only Dayu can compare with him among the ancient kings.Even when he was not on patrol, he still had to read the 120-jin bamboo slips and documents every day, and he didn't read them all, and he didn't lie down to sleep.It can be seen that he is a diligent emperor.

In addition to his hard work in political affairs, Qin Shihuang had some spare physical strength, so he did some stupid things: when he was turning fifty and his temples were frosty, he began to devote himself to immortality.The big liar Xu Fu asked him for 10,000 catties of gold (there were two kinds of money at that time, gold was the main coin, and the bronze "Qin Banliang" was the auxiliary coin. One catty of gold got 10,000 "Qin Banliang"), Xu Fu took Leading thousands of half-cooked teenagers into the sea to search for magic medicine.The magic medicine was not found, but Xu Fu and Qian did not come back—it seems to have gone to Japan.Now there are Xu Fu's tombs and tombstones in Mie Prefecture, Japan, and Wakayama Prefecture (he is so rich that he even has two tombs).In short, the Japanese do not mince words about Xu Fu, and Xu Fu's bowls have been passed down from generation to generation by local celebrities.There are more than one hundred remains and relics related to Xu Fu in Japan.

It is said that Xu Fu also met a daughter-in-law named "Achen" in Japan.The Japanese at Jinli Shrine offer sacrifices to Xu Fu every 50 years, and carry his statue out for shopping, and carry it to the temple of "Achen" before returning.It is said that this tradition has existed for more than two thousand years.Although there is no conclusion about Xu Fu's going to Japan, there is no dispute that Japan was still in the Stone Age at that time.However, according to archaeological findings, Japan has developed rapidly since then, and bronze and iron ware soon appeared, and more than a hundred small countries similar to the Spring and Autumn and Warring States came into being, attacking each other.

Not to mention Japan, Qin Shihuang is still in China waiting for Xu Fu to come back.He didn't come back after waiting for a long time, so "Lu Sheng" came to lie to him again, saying: "To make magic medicine, you need a spoon in the palm of an immortal, but immortals are very shy species. They are afraid of meeting strangers. You must hide, so that the immortals will come."So the poor Qin Shihuang hid himself again.He set up a huge labyrinth in Xianyang City, with a radius of two hundred miles. The method was to use overpasses and corridors (roads with walls on both sides) to connect more than 270 palaces and other halls inside and outside Xianyang City.He walked quietly through the maze, and no one could find him except the mouse.Of course, he also came out of the maze regularly (maybe every day) to meet with the officials in Xianyang Palace to make political decisions.

After a day's work, he went back to sleep in the maze.The place where he sleeps (he often sleeps in no fixed place) is absolutely not allowed to disclose, otherwise he will be punished with death. He wished that he was hiding in such a secret place, that the gods would come to him. Once, he was playing ghosts bumping into the wall in the maze again, and suddenly saw the prime minister's chariot coming from a distance.The prime minister's car was very impressive, and Qin Shihuang was not very happy. He felt that the prime minister's car exceeded the standard, so he muttered a few words.

At that time, there were two prime ministers in the Qin Dynasty, one was Li Si and the other was Feng Quji.I don't know which of them is the one that exceeds the standard.But no matter what, the prime minister immediately reduced the carriage and horses after hearing the news, and did not dare to show off.When Qin Shihuang found out, he was furious, thinking that some eunuch beside him must have leaked my complaint about the prime minister. "Didn't I agree, don't reveal my actions and words in the maze. Otherwise, the gods will not dare to come!" So he killed all the eunuchs on duty who were present that day.

However, despite Qin Shihuang's piousness, the shy gods still refused to visit Xianyang to show their beauty.Lu Sheng, who was in charge of pimping, saw that he couldn't get a fairy, so he ran away with money before the scam was about to be exposed.Before leaving, he scolded Qin Shihuang for being dishonest (the original words are "greedy for power", which means that Qin Shihuang is busy with government affairs all day long and is not suitable to be a god). When Qin Shihuang came out of the maze, he found that Lu Sheng had run away, and he was scolded. The scolding words had spread to the people of Xianyang, so his anger can be imagined.As a commoner, if he was cheated, he would cry, scold and hang himself, but as an emperor, he would have to kill.He launched a big manhunt to kill these liars and slanderers.

At that time, there were many literary warlocks gathered in Xianyang.These guys have a division of labor, and the Bachelor of Arts is praising peace, writing "Poems of Immortals and Real People", and doing some idle things.Fang warlocks are refining medicine, curing diseases to seek longevity and perfection, and practicing feudal superstition. In short, their characteristic is to come here to cover up troubles in order to seek "traitorous profit", that is, to seize money. Qin Shihuang ordered to investigate people like Xu Fu and Lu Sheng who deceived and/or slandered me among the group of "literary magicians" in Xianyang, and finally exposed each other, and identified more than 460 people with problems. They were all murdered.

This incident later became the burden of Qin Shihuang's reputation, the so-called pitting Confucianism.In fact, what exactly is going on with "pitting Confucianism"? Is it Confucianism?There have always been different opinions, and it seems that it will never be clear.According to Buying's speculation, Qin Shihuang did not intend to deceive Confucianists, but deceived liars and slanders.The purpose of pitting them is to use the words in "Historical Records" to "punish the future", so as to prevent people from all over the world from cheating and slandering the emperor, rather than punishing them for learning Confucianism.

Later, the son Fusu's words also confirmed this point.Fusu's heart is relatively soft, and when he pleaded with these literary warlocks who were about to be cheated, he said: "These people all recite Confucius, please forgive them, Your Majesty!" Fusu boasted that these people "recited the teachings of Confucius" and publicized the virtue of their learning Confucianism in order to be forgiven.In other words, there is such an assumption between Fusu and his father: Those who study Confucianism and Confucius are good people, so please spare them.It can be seen that the Great Qin Dynasty and Qin Shihuang did not always list Confucianists as targets of attack. Otherwise, could Fusu praise people so much to save them?In other words, if "studying Confucianism" was their crime, and Qin Shihuang deliberately wanted to "defraud Confucianism", Fusu would use such a "crime" to intercede for them, wouldn't it be that his head was flooded. Although the Qin Dynasty always advocated Legalism and did not respect Confucianism, it did not intend to exterminate Confucianism.In fact, Qin Shihuang and Qin II have always had many Confucian "doctors" around them.Qin Shihuang's dialogues with people, in the records of "Historical Records", in addition to the prime minister and others, they are mainly with these Confucian doctors. It can be seen that these doctors have a high status and can often discuss matters in front of the emperor, and the prime minister Wang Wan and others , also with distinct Confucian characteristics.Qin Shihuang's stone inscriptions in Taishan Lang and other places also expressed his respect for Confucianism. Many of the words are typical Confucian terms, such as "specially teach, men and women are courteous."Later, even in the era of Qin II, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang revolted. For such a major event, Hu Hai called "doctoral Confucian scholars" to ask countermeasures. More than 30 doctoral Confucian scholars came forward to answer the questions. Participated in the senior decision-making level of the Qin government. In short, Qin Shihuang did not intend to embarrass Confucianism.The four hundred and sixty people were killed by Qin Shihuang because Qin Shihuang hated them for cheating or spreading words that slandered Qin Shihuang like Lu Sheng, and committed the crime of defamation, not to punish them for learning Confucianism.The Qin Dynasty did not deliberately intend to "pit Confucianism", at most it cheated those with political disagreements, and it was only this time. In fact, the term "pit Confucianism" is a very loose term that came out very late. The "Historical Records" originally said "pit warlocks", and Wu Bei, another Han Dynasty man, also said "kill warlocks".As for the more rigorous literati such as Sima Guang and Su Dongpo, the descendants, they all refer to "warlocks". Although some cheating literary warlocks have just been cheated, it seems that the scammers are still coming.A divine man told Qin Shihuang that traveling ("wandering") can reduce disasters and diseases.So in 211 BC, Qin Shihuang started his last tour.This time was different from the previous ones. It took nearly a year. In addition to inspecting places, it also had the function of prolonging the life of gods and praying. He sang all the way eastward, from the Wuyue area to Shandong.The doctor next to him told him that the big fish in the East China Sea hindered the visit of the shy gods (this doctor is not a good doctor and should be cheated).So Qin Shihuang sailed out to sea and shot a huge fish with Liannu (ancient cannon).This kind of "machine gun" can shoot crossbow arrows continuously, which is an invention in the late Warring States period: a vertical arrow box is installed on the conventional ballista machine, like a machine gun, it can shoot arrows of different lengths in the box. go out.But the range is not far, so it is only suitable for mass shooting at close range.So it can be guessed that Qin Shihuang shot close to this big fish. After performing this version of the Qin Dynasty, Qin Shihuang was finally tossed and fell ill (you can see the gods). It was already summer, and the fifty-year-old Qin Shihuang lay in the car returning to Xianyang and exclaimed excitedly: "I really want to live another five hundred years!" But his condition became serious day by day. Qin Shihuang was lying in the "warm and cool car", which looked like a card house on the car.Through the push-pull copper windows, the red sun rises on the Shandong land outside. The wilderness in the north is stiff and flat, the sun rises bright and bright, and the flames are blazing, illuminating the world.The wilderness in the south is warm and soft, and the sunrise is hesitant, jumping up and down again and again, like a basketball (this is because there are many hills in the south, and as the observer, such as Qin Shihuang's car, moves, the sunrise will also be at the same time). hilly surface hesitating).Finally the sun has risen, but the south is foggy and has little firepower. The color is like an orange-yellow orange. The sun is quiet and cool. Drunken Moon. The character of the southerners is as gentle as the drunken moon.However, most of the southerners two thousand years ago were ruthless people.For example, when Qin Shihuang was touring the Wuyue area, two extras came to watch.One of them was young and burly, and when he saw Qin Shihuang's magnificent guard of honor, he said, "This hero can replace him." It meant that he was going to act. The spokesman's name is Xiang Yu.Xiang Yu continued to talk nonsense, but Xiang Liang covered his mouth: "Don't talk nonsense, the crime of beheading the whole family!"——Xiang Liang is Xiang Yu's uncle, so he is more mature and stable.He was probably worried that if the director heard about it, the two of them would have to be removed from the extras.But Xiang Liang is also a hero, and from then on he began to pay attention to Xiang Yu among his relatives. These two extras dared to yell here, which shows that the general attitude of the southern people towards Qin Shihuang may not be very respectful.This is because the south accepted the rule of the Qin people late, and it was far away from the core area of ​​the Qin Empire (Guanzhong Plain), so it was not convinced. The same is true of the Far East.Shandong was originally the territory of Qi State, far away from Qin State, and was the latest to be conquered.So last year, a meteorite fell at the junction of Shandong and the Central Plains, and immediately some local villains took a knife and carved seven large characters on it, "Emperor Shidi dies and land is divided". The so-called "dividing" means land restoration and enfeoffment.I hope that the Great Qin Empire will be shattered and return to the situation of enfeoffment where the seven kingdoms stand side by side. Zhang Liang, a well-known son of the old aristocrat, even impatiently started the action of hammering Qin Shihuang. Zhang Liang's father was originally the Prime Minister of South Korea, and so was his grandfather, who served five generations of Han kings successively. The ancestors of the Zhang family were also distant relatives of the Korean royal family.We know that South Korea, like the six countries in Shandong, practiced aristocratic politics, which was a kind of declining politics, and was later abolished by the Qin people.But this kind of politics, in the eyes of the people and non-commissioned officers of the six eastern countries who are used to it, still has what Lu Xun called "the addiction to scab".They have an inseparable love for the nobles. In any case, Zhang Liang and his father were quasi-nobles. When Korea fell, the Han royal family was kicked out, and Zhang Liang lived a guerrilla life.Because it was the Prime Minister of the Five Dynasties, it was relatively well-off financially. There were 300 children in the family alone. Zhang Liang used the money saved by his family to actively train strong men and lead a group of terrorists to run around.Zhang Liang's purpose is to restore the country. Finally seized the opportunity, taking advantage of Qin Shihuang's tour, Zhang Liang took an ancient sniper and ambushed in a highland called Bolangsha on the outskirts of Yuanyang County, Henan Province, preparing to kill Qin Shihuang.For this operation, Zhang Liang also specially purchased an ancient shell from the black market: a 60-jin hammer in the shape of a melon.How to launch it?At that time, there was no rocket launcher on the shoulder. Fortunately, the sniper was a strong man and was ready to launch with physical strength. This strongman had a very low IQ, and the two of them lay in ambush on the mountain road, waiting for a long time, and felt very disturbed. They couldn't help worrying for Qin Shihuang, so they said to Zhang Liang: "Then who will not have any accidents on the road?" At this time, Qin Shihuang came over in a convoy like a bride getting married.Each car is painted with more than ten layers of plant paint, with clouds, ghosts and beasts painted on it.Like the present-day convoy of marriages, Qin Shi Huang's driver was roughly in second place, ahead of him in a heavily armed chariot adorned with the dazzling hides of tigers and leopards. Zhang Liang said to the sniper: "Aim at the six-horse royal chariot, get ready, launch with physical force—10, 9, 8, 7... 2, 1, launch!" But I didn’t expect that Qin Shihuang’s car was too fast (it has six horses, and ordinary cars have two horses. The lubricating oil usually put in the sealing shell outside the axle is lard, but Qin Emperor’s car is probably whale oil, so the car faster).When the rocket was flying, Qin's car had already moved forward quickly, and the shell landed on the accompanying car behind - the auxiliary car.With a bang, the auxiliary car turned into a bird's nest shape.The person who was hit lay next to the iron egg like an aborted bird fetus. well!Just aim at the armed chariot in front of you. The losses caused by the rockets are not recorded in the history books.It is said in the history books that Qin Shihuang ordered the world to capture assassins.Zhang Liang quickly changed his name and ran to Jiangsu, which is the farthest from the hinterland of Qin (Shaanxi).Zhang Liang changed his name, indicating that the Hercules might still be caught. Zhang Liang hid in Xiapi in northern Jiangsu and worked as a knight.The place of Xiapi is now called Picheng. The "Hanshu" says that people in this area "are anxious and dedicated to themselves, the land is poor and the people are poor, and they like to be traitors and robbers", which means impatient and dedicated to themselves. This area was called Sishui County in the Qin Dynasty. China's topography is carved out by two big rivers, the Yellow River and the Yangtze River. In fact, there is a parallel Huaihe River between the two. The Huaihe River runs through Anhui and northern Jiangsu. To the north of the Huaihe River, there is another big river that was famous in ancient times but is now drying up. , is Surabaya.The two banks of Sizhi and the Huaibei area (between Huaisi and Huaisi in ancient times) were buried by God in the Qin Dynasty. A Pandora's box: this area not only harbored the terrorist Zhang Liang (in Xiapi, northern Jiangsu), but also a hundred kilometers away from Xiapi. To the west, there is Liu Bang, a second-timer, fooling around in Pei County (also in northern Jiangsu, now Pei County, Xuzhou). One hundred kilometers south of Xiapi is Han Xin of Huaiyin. Han Xin is wandering in the farmers' market with a long sword.Xiang Yu's hometown Suqian is 50 kilometers south of Xiapi, where he is learning the technique of "ten thousand enemies".One hundred and twenty kilometers southwest of Xiapi is Daze Township, Anhui Province, which was later famous as the place of the uprising.It seems that the entire Huaibei and both banks of Surabaya (northern Jiangsu and northern Anhui) are a good place far away from the emperor, hiding countless demon kings and desperate people. It is really a hotbed of rebels. Since Xiang Yu's home is near Xiapi, it is inevitable that he will have friendship with Zhang Liang.Xiang Yu had an uncle named Xiang Bo. Xiang Bo accidentally killed someone, so he had to run around, but there was no place to hide.Zhang Liang happened to pretend to be a hero here in Xiapi ("to be a hero", that is, to follow the ruthless route of the boss of the rivers and lakes), so he took Xiang Bowo back.Because he is relatively rich and has a group of younger brothers, he can cover Uncle Xiang.Relying on these relationships, Zhang Liang established a good friendship with the Xiang family. Later, he has been jumping back and forth between the two big groups of Liu Bang and Xiang Yu. There is an old man in Xiapi City who is also very bad, and he often takes pleasure in bullying young people.Once Zhang Liang was walking on a bridge outside Xiapi City, and looked around on the bridge with a lot of thoughts (like a CD seller).The old man walked up to him, patted him on the shoulder and said, "This boy (meaning the younger brother), have you seen my shoe? I will take it off now and throw it under the bridge. See if you can Take it up?" "What do you mean? Your words make me very disoriented!" Zhang Liang was taken aback. "Don't worry about it, take it up quickly." After speaking, the old man threw the shoe out.The shoe landed on the sand under the bridge like a crow. Zhang Liang said, "Which mountain are you from? Are you looking for a fight? You are not my friend who sent me to play with me!" It's from "Ren Xia".But this old man is very old, and I'm afraid he won't be able to win by "beating".After a period of ideological struggle that was lost in the history books, Zhang Liang actually put down his fist and decided not to "beat him up". Instead, he went down the bridge honestly, picked up the shoes, and put them back on for the old guy. Generally speaking, if a lunatic, fool, or beggar is filthy, but dares to abuse you on purpose, it often means that he has extraordinary talents and wants to see if he has a fate with you, so you must treat him kindly.That's how Guo Jing got along with Hong Qigong, the nine-fingered beggar.This Qin Dynasty version of "Hong Qigong" put on his shoes and swaggered away.It stands to reason that Zhang Liang should catch up and ask the "senior" one by one, so that "Hong Qigong" can save face and teach him martial arts.But Zhang Liang might not be able to get away because of something, so he didn't chase him, but stayed at the bridgehead and stood foolishly. Seeing Zhang Liang not chasing after him, the old man was very annoyed, but he couldn't be reconciled, so he turned around and turned back in shame.He walked back to the bridge and said to Zhang Liang who was still there: "I think you are still a little talented ("Young children can be taught!"), how about it, I will still wait on this bridge five days later. you." Zhang Liang really wanted to ask me what I was waiting for, but he felt that asking such a question seemed stupid, and it was inconsistent with his purpose of pretending to be a hero and going straight.So he opened his mouth a few times and only said, "No!" Early in the morning five days later, Zhang Liang couldn’t get a taxi—we don’t know if there were any horse-drawn carriages in ancient times, maybe there were, and maybe they looked like double-wheeled carriages. Double-wheeled carriages began to appear in the Qin Dynasty. Horse, but one horse with two shafts is more convenient, it is a revolution in the history of vehicles - Zhang Liang has arrived at the appointment place, and the old man has already arrived early.This old man likes to play big games very much, just like a beautiful woman who thinks she is beautiful will play a temper with a boy who is late, so he turned around and left. Zhang Liang quickly chased him: "I'm here, I'm here, sorry for being a little late!" "Next time, this time you are late, the old man is not in the mood!" Zhang Liang pursued hard, but the old man just said: "Okay, I will give you another chance. You will still be here five days later, early in the morning. Don't be late again." Five days later, early in the morning, Zhang Liang finally sat on the It was a cart pulled by oxen, and it was relatively slow, so I was still late.The old man turned around and left. Zhang Liang chased him for a long time, so he had to change it next time. This time Zhang Liang behaved himself. After eating supper, he came to the bridge to wait with his tent on his shoulders, like a group of fans waiting for tickets.Finally not late.The old man took out a copy of "The Grand Duke's Art of War" from his pocket: "I wanted to bring this book into the coffin. But seeing your sincerity and talent, you are suitable to be my successor. You go back and study it hard. After you learn it, In the future, you can be the emperor's teacher! Well, don't thank me, go home and study!" Zhang Liang was dumbfounded, took the book, and took it home to study suspiciously, and finally became one of the "Three Heroes of the Early Han Dynasty".However, the book "Taigong Art of War" has not been handed down. According to analysis, some of its content has been incorporated into "Huangshigong Three Strategies" written by later generations. The so-called Huangshigong is the bullying old man on the bridge.