Chapter 15 minority

The self-defense force of the lone Hmong, ethnic minorities have become the main force of the battle. Entangled with the golden triangle opium, there are also mountain minority tribes.Without these ethnic groups, there would be no Golden Triangle, and there would be no military operations on the Thai-Myanmar border.It is impossible for a lone army to survive there, and it is even more impossible for the Miao descendants to take root there. The ethnic minorities in the mountains of northern Thailand include the Lawa, Akha, Lawu, Li, Li, Miao, Karan, and Chinese.The Chinese are one of the most populous ethnic minorities. I don’t have any statistics in my hand, but when I visited Colonel Jerry Yasinghin, Director of the Fifth Department of the Thai Public Security Bureau in Bangkok, we jointly estimated that there are Chinese, and Lone Miao in Bangkok. In China, it is probably between 200,000 and 300,000. Some friends estimate that it should be more than 300,000, but everyone is based on general impressions.Among all ethnic minorities, only the Chinese brought troubles to Thailand, but only the Chinese shed blood and died, protecting the unity and integrity of Thailand's sovereignty, and sharing Thailand's worries.

Other ethnic minority tribes did not cause any distress to the Thai people. They are relatively small in number, like the Lawa people, with a total of only 11,000 people and 42 dilapidated and simple villages (in fact, they can’t even talk about the villages, almost It’s just a poor stilt hut), and has maintained the standard of living of the early people thousands of years ago.However, all ethnic minorities in northern Thailand have a common feature, regardless of men and women, they only care about the head and ignore the feet-the head and face are their most important beauty focus. Wear hats, flowers, and all kinds of decorations that they think are beautiful, but let the lower legs and two bare feet bear the dust and mud.What's more, they don't take a bath. When I told a kava woman with a basket on her back that the Chinese in Taiwan have to take a bath every day, there was a smile on her face that had seen through the lies but still kindly tolerated me. , made me feel ashamed.This cannot be blamed on her, nor on anyone in the mountains—many Chinese people are gradually becoming like this.It's that the dry season is so long that they can't get water, just like we can't get royal honey.

The mountainous ethnic minorities have one thing in common, that is, poverty. The soil in northern Thailand and eastern Myanmar (Shan State), except for a few areas where crops can be planted, is not suitable for anything in most areas. The soil quality is so strange. In fact, the Golden Triangle It can be said that there is no soil in the earth, but only a mixture of soil and gravel chips that can never be dug up. After the Thai government strictly banned smoking, tea trees were also planted in northern Thailand, but the results were not satisfactory.Therefore, the mountain ethnic groups still appreciate and miss the French and Americans, who taught them to grow opium and improved their lives.

Several historians insist that the Thai people are the descendants of the Nanzhao Empire, which was founded in the Nanzhao Empire (727-1253) in Yunnan Province, China. After being conquered by the Mongol Empire, a large number of Nanzhao citizens migrated south. It is called "Xiaotai" among the people.Those who remained in the same place were called "Datai" among the people, including Ailaoyi and Baiyi, and even became a general term for ethnic minorities.From the identification of these historians and folklore, one can see that people always migrate south.Among the ethnic minorities in Thailand, there is clear evidence that the Qi people come from China.Until now—when I visited them in 1982, they were still using Chinese characters and reading Chinese books, which made me feel an urge to run up to them and hug them.Among the two attached pictures, one is a certificate issued to them by the government of the Song Dynasty in the thirteenth century in 1260. However, in Chinese history, only the year name "Jingding" was used in the 13th century, and the meaning of "Zhengzhong" is unknown. It may have been issued by the Yunnan local government. Friends of the textual research.Another picture is of a Xie man who was writing a letter to his relatives and friends, and was captured on camera.

The distribution of the Miao people is wider than that of the Qi people. Most of them come from China, but they can't use Chinese characters and Chinese language. The Qi people are the only ethnic minority who use Chinese characters and Chinese language.Only a small part came from Laos - but it was also from China that came to Laos first.The difference is that the Miao people who came to Thailand via Laos suffered even greater disasters. They first cooperated closely with the French and then the Americans, and achieved brilliant results. Under the planned propaganda of the American mass media, "Miao people The "army" used to be very popular in the world.However, once upon a time, when the Americans suddenly let go, the CIA was quite humane and brought a few leading figures who had been scolded for a while to the United States.A Hmong youth said that they have a huge sum of dollars from drug trafficking in their waists, and even if they live the most extravagant life, they will not be able to use it up in a hundred years.However, Pao Ze, who was abandoned by them, including the partners who shared life and death together, and all the Hmong people, faced the genocide and large-scale revenge of the Viet Cong and the Liao Communist Party.Some survivors who were full of fear fled to Thailand. For many years, the panic could not be settled.

We cannot introduce each nation one by one, but only point out that the mountainous ethnic minorities have always maintained the primitive culture and long-term poverty. After thousands of years, almost permanent malnutrition may damage their intelligence. Many Chinese Tell me: "Kava and Akha, you can't even count to the tenth digit." This makes them unaffordable for the work of high culture.In Thailand, where they cannot grow opium openly, life is even more miserable.We once visited an Akazhai, entered the house on high stilts where we couldn't see our fingers, and after a long time, we saw parents and children squatting in a small circle, scratching and crawling with disgustingly dirty black hands. The old wife shivered when the meal full of flies was delivered to her mouth.However, because they are so poor, they are an ideal source of soldiers. Whether it is the armed group of drug lords or the "self-defense force" composed of lone Miao descendants, apart from the Chinese, ethnic minorities have become the main force in the battle.