Chapter 19 1. Dad back down

On the battlefield of the Battle of Yanling, there was a swamp. The swamp was so big that everyone carefully avoided the Jin army's camp.Luan Shu, commander of the Chinese army, and Fan Xie, deputy commander, led their own soldiers to guard the monarch on the left and right.In Jun Jin's chariot, Shaoyi was the driver and Luan Zhen was the chief guard, but the chariot still got stuck in the mud. As the commander-in-chief of the Chinese army and the minister of Jin, Luan Shu certainly couldn't stand by and watch.So he got out of the car and walked over, ready to help the monarch to transfer to his own car.

But Luan Zhen yelled: Luan Shu back down! Luan Zhen, who ordered Luan Shu to retire, made an impassioned statement: How can you handle major national affairs by yourself?Besides, violating other people's rights is called offense; abandoning one's own duties is called negligence; leaving one's job to come to others is called trouble.With these three charges, do you still move? So Luan Shu withdrew immediately. Luan Zhen jumped out of the chariot, set off the chariot vigorously, and escaped from the dangerous situation. 1 This incident was only a small episode in the Battle of Yanling, but it was solemnly recorded by historians, which actually has profound meaning.In fact, Luan Shu is not only the commander in chief of the Chinese army, but also the father of Luan Zhen.Is it not disloyal for subordinates to scold their superiors and cover their faces?Isn't it unfilial for a son to scold his father and call him by his first name?

Quite the opposite. Luan Zhen's actions are completely in line with etiquette and reasonable.First of all, this is in front of the king.You have no father and son before you.Everyone must call the king by his first name in front of the king. 2 This rule continued until the Ming and Qing Dynasties.Secondly, if Luan Shu transferred the monarch to his own car, he would no longer be able to exercise the power of commander.This is of course dereliction of duty and responsibility.Third, Luan Zhen's position is Che You.According to the system at that time, Cheyou's task was originally to "prepare for tilting" and "prepare for emergency". 3 How can Luan Shu do what Luan Zhen should do?That's really a dog meddling with a mouse, an out-and-out infringement or ultra vires.

It can be seen from this that the so-called "the emperor is benevolent and the minister is loyal, the father is kind and the son is filial", there is a sequence.If public and private affairs cannot be balanced, then public affairs should be prioritized before private affairs.Loyalty and filial piety cannot be both, so loyalty first and then filial piety.In front of the ruler, the father must take a backseat.Moreover, in order to make their sons loyal, fathers often have to wrong themselves and even sacrifice their lives. For example, Fox Tu. Hutu is the grandfather of Jin Wengong Chong'er, and served as the driver of Prince Shensheng when he was Jin Xiangong.After Xian Gong died, the king was Hui Gong.Huigong served as the king for fourteen years, and died in 637 BC with Song Xianggong (Song Xianggong died in May, Jin Huigong died in September).The successor is his son, Duke Huai.Duke Huai knew very well that the people's hearts and expectations of the Jin State at that time actually belonged to his son Chong'er.Chong'er went into exile abroad, and Hu Tu's sons Hu Mao and Hu Yan followed him around, which was really a worry for Duke Huai.

◎Descendants of Duke Xian of Jin So Duke Huai took Hu Tu as a hostage. Duke Huai said to Hutu, "As long as you call your son back, I will save you from death." But Hutu refused to exchange principles, he explained a truth to Duke Huai.Hu Tu said that the relationship between monarch and minister cannot be established casually, so it cannot be changed at will.To become a minister of others, one must first write one's name on the brief policy, which is called "ce name"; secondly, one must present a gift to the ruler, which is called "appointment".These two things both mean a promise of body, and also mean that once the relationship is established, they will be loyal and never change their minds.

Obviously, there are two kinds of relationships in the Spring and Autumn Period: public and private and monarch and minister.Job versus job is public and private; individual versus individual is monarch and minister.The relationship between monarch and ministers is higher than public and private, and it is also more important than public and private.Because you can't be loyal to the master, you can't be loyal to the country.Therefore, one must be loyal to the emperor before serving the country, even if the emperor is not a prince or even displaced.This is the mainstream idea that Hutu and the others represent.

So Hutu said: A son can take on important responsibilities because a father teaches loyalty.The two sons of the minister have been the ministers of Chong'er for a long time.If the minister called them back, it would be abetting rebellion.If a father instigates his son to rebel, how can he be loyal to the king?If you don't kill your ministers, that is the wisdom of the emperor, and it is also the wish of the subordinates.If the penalty is abused to show off its power, who is not a sinner?The subordinates obey orders. Duke Huai then killed Hutu. It's a pity that Duke Huai's move only helped Hutu, but it couldn't change his own destiny.In the spring of the second year, the son Chong'er returned home under the escort of the Qin army. He was Jin Wengong.To this end, the princes held an alliance.The host of the alliance is Hu Tu's son and Chong Er's uncle Hu Yan.As for Duke Huai, he fled from the capital shortly after Chonger's departure, was murdered later, and only served as the monarch for three or four months. 4

1.See "Zuo Zhuan Sixteen Years of Cheng Gong" for details. 2. "Book of Rites·Qu Li 1": "The name of the emperor's former minister." 3.See Yan Shigu's annotations in "Hanshu·Wendiji" and annotations in "Gu Liang Zhuan·Chenggong Five Years". 4.For the matter, see "Zuo Zhuan·Xi Gong Twenty-Three Years".