Chapter 24 Six, three divisions

Before the state of Qi changed its surname, the state of Jin disappeared. Contrary to Jiang Qi, the state of Jin was originally the authentic Ji Zhou.Their first emperor was Tang Shuyu, younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou.In the first half of the Spring and Autumn Period, the Jin people almost represented the orthodox Chinese, contending with the Dongyi (Qi), Xirong (Qin), Nanman (Chu), and Beidi (di tribal countries), respecting the king and fighting the barbarians, and stabilizing the world.It can be said that without the Jin Dynasty, the Chinese civilization might have fallen, and Chinese history would have to be rewritten.

However, compared with Zhou, Lu, Zheng, Wei Zhuji, and even Song, Jin is more like Rongdi.Their fief was originally the nomadic area of ​​Rong and Di, and the land policy implemented at the beginning of the founding of the country was not the Zhou system, but the Di system.Later, they conquered Di for a long time, and while they conquered each other, they were inevitably partially assimilated, turning into a semi-Rongdi Huaxia.Jin people are domineering, and they can maintain their hegemony for a long time, probably because they have the blood and blood of Rong Di. Jin is domineering. The domineering Jin State was in chaos very early.Before the Spring and Autumn Period, there was "one country, two capitals", with both Yi (also known as Jiang, now Yicheng County, Shanxi Province) and Quwo (now Wenxi County, Shanxi Province).Two capitals and two monarchs, one is Wenhou, the son of Muhou, and the descendants of Wenhou; the other is Wenhou's younger brother, Uncle Huan, and the descendants of Uncle Huan, namely Zhuangbo and Wugong.The former is obviously a direct descendant and authentic, while the latter is not.However, when Uncle Huan was named, Quwo was larger than the capital.Sixty-seven years later, the lineage of the Jin State was stolen and changed into a non-direct lineage.

Perhaps, precisely because of such historical lessons, the state of Jin after the Spring and Autumn Period no longer trusted the public.Duke Xian of Jin even killed all the descendants of Uncle Huan and Uncle Zhuang to prevent Xiao Qiang from causing disaster.Xian Gong's own sons died or fled.Therefore, starting from Hui Gong and Wen Gong, the rulers of Jin State were all nobles with different surnames. In this way, is the state of Jin stable? No. In fact, if aristocrats with different surnames are extremely powerful and hereditary, they will form the Qing clan.Although the Qing family has a different surname, they pose no less threat to the public office than the public family.Jin Linggong was killed by Zhao Dun's cousin Zhao Chuan; Jin Ligong was killed by Luan Shu and Zhongxing Yan.Therefore, Jin Gonggong, who succeeded Jin Ligong as the king, had to make three chapters with these nobles with different surnames before taking the throne.

Duke Mourning was brought back to China by Luan Shu sent Zhifu and Shi Bing, and he was only fourteen years old at the time.Gong Gong said that the reason why a state needs a monarch is because someone needs to give orders.If a monarch is established and he does not listen to him, why should he be established?Whether you need me or not, and whether you will listen to me or not, are all decided today.So those nobles with different surnames who are usually domineering said: This is also the wish of the ministers, dare not obey! What a Duke Mourning of Jin, he has extraordinary insight and bearing.

However, even Jin Daogong could not fundamentally change the trend of Qing clan's dictatorship.In fact, it was from the time of Gong Gong that the power of the Qing clan became stronger.The ruling nobles with different surnames also changed from more than a dozen original families to only six clans, which are Zhao, Fan, Bank of China (pronounced as Hang), Zhi (pronounced as Zhi, also the same as Zhi), Wei, and Han. Known as Liuqing.The highest status among the six ministers is Zhengqing, the chief executive officer.As a rule, the chief executive also serves as the commander of the central army.He was the marshal of the entire army during the war, and the prime minister of the country in peacetime. It can be said that he has military and political power in one person.For a hundred years after mourning the Duke, this position was held by the six ministers in turn.

Obviously, the process of forming the Qing clan was also a process of power concentration.From more than a dozen nobles with different surnames, to only Liuqing remaining, this is their first round of knockout. The one who was almost eliminated in the first round of competition was the Zhao family who later became a big climate.In the eighth year of Duke Cheng of Lu (583 B.C.), that is, the second year after Wu Chen, a senior official of the state of Chu, was sent as an envoy to the state of Wu, Duke Jing of Jin listened to the slander and sent troops to encircle and suppress the Zhao family. The Zhao family was almost wiped out.It was only because of Han Jue's intercession that Zhao Shuo's son Zhao Wucai survived and was reinstated.

This incident was later deduced as the story of "Zhao's Orphan".However, the statement in "Historical Records" comes from folklore in the Warring States Period, which is not reliable.What is reliable is that Zhao Wu not only recovered his ancestral business, but also developed the Zhao family into the most powerful branch of the Qing clan.Therefore, after Zhao Wu's death, he was posthumously named "Wen". However, disaster struck again. In the thirteenth year of Lu Dinggong (497 BC), that is, one year before the war between Wu Yue and Li Li, the Fan family and the Zhongxing family took advantage of the internal strife in the Zhao family to attack Zhao.The head of the Zhao family and Zhao Wu's grandson Zhao Yang (Zhao Jianzi) fled to Jinyang (in present-day Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) and was besieged.Fortunately, the three families of Zhi, Han, and Wei stood on Zhao's side, and this turned the defeat into victory. The defeated Fan and Zhongxing fled to Chaoge (now Qi County, Henan Province).

After that, there was an international scuffle. Qi, Lu, Wei, Song, Zheng, and Xianyu all allyed with Fan and Zhongxing, and Yang Hu, who defected from Lu, became Zhao Yang's helper.In the second year of Duke Ai of Lu (493 B.C.), that is, the second year of Wu Wang Fuchai's expedition to Yue, the State of Qi sent military supplies to the Fan family and the Zhongxing family, and asked Zheng State to send troops to escort them.Zhao Yang said to his subordinates that success or failure depends on one action.Whoever defeats the enemy will be rewarded by high officials in the counties, by high officials in the counties, by scholars with thousands of acres of land, common people, merchants, and workers will be officials, and slaves will be liberated.

As a result of this battle, Zhao Jun won a complete victory.So Zhao Yang said with a sigh of relief: This is the way to go.Because of the result of the second round of knockout rounds, Fan and Zhongxing must be eliminated, and the rest is only a matter of time.However, one of Zhao Yang's subordinates said, how could it work?Isn't there still Zhibo? Yes, and Zhi Bo. Sure enough, thirty years later, Zhi Bo initiated the third round of elimination.Zhibo was the head of the Zhi clan. At this time, Zhibo was the son of Zhixiang, named Xun Yao.The heads of the Zhao, Wei, and Han families are Zhao Xiangzi (no shirt), Wei Huanzi and Han Kangzi.After the demise of the Fan family and the Zhongxing family, the four families divided up their territories.The Zhi family got the most land, but continued to ask the three families for it.Han and Wei had no choice but to cede land, but Zhao Xiangzi refused to give up an inch of land.So Zhibo joined forces with Han Wei to attack Zhao and besieged Jinyang.The coalition forces dug the Fen River to irrigate the city, and the whole city would be submerged within six feet.Jinyang City is also like the capital of Song Dynasty, which was besieged by King Zhuang of Chu back then.

The Zhao family is at stake. However, the sky does not destroy Zhao.Han Kangzi and Wei Huanzi knew very well that Bo Zhi would never give up after killing Zhao Xiangzi, and it would be their turn to be the next to be killed.Therefore, they fought back at the critical moment, joined forces with Zhao Xiangzi to destroy Zhi, and Zhibo was defeated and killed.In order to relieve his hatred, Zhao Xiangzi also made Zhi Bo's skull into a wine set or a chamber pot, which made Yu Rang desperately want revenge.We told this story at the beginning of "Youth History". The Zhi family was eliminated, and the territory was divided among Zhao, Wei, and Han, known as the "Three Jins".The strength of San Jin is far greater than that poor Jin Jun.From a doctor to a prince, they only need one procedure.

The fall of the Jin State and the beginning of the Warring States Period only required one procedure. The shop owner said to Shang Yang, Shang Jun has regulations, If the in-house guest fails to present his ID card, Then, what crime and punishment will this person receive in the future? The innkeeper is also convicted and punished. Shang Yang, who was falsely accused and fled, sighed and said: I really didn't expect that the disadvantages of my reform and legislation have come to this extent!

---

Notes: