Chapter 11 Two Wang Shuwen who wants to turn the tide

In 805 A.D., Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty died with the regret of never being able to flatten the feudal town, and Prince Li Song came to the throne as Emperor Shunzong of Tang Dynasty. Shunzong Li Song is the eldest son of Dezong. As the eldest son, after being established as the prince in the first month of the first year of Jianzhong (780), he has been the prince for 26 years. He is the longest crown prince among the emperors of the Tang Dynasty. one.When he was the prince, Wang Shuwen and Wang Ni were attendants of the East Palace.Of these two, Wang Shuwen is good at chess, and Wang Yu is good at calligraphy, and they were called "two kings" at that time.The two kings often discussed current affairs with Prince Li Song, which won his trust.Especially Wang Shuwen, persuading the prince to be good and reforming his past, was diligent in helping and caring.

Wang Shuwen was born in Shanyin, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang).He is witty and resourceful, and he is the way to rule the country.Liu Zongyuan said that he is firm and straightforward, with civil and military strategies.Wang Shuwen played a good game of chess, and people at the time believed that this had something to do with his strategy.Dezong ordered him to serve Prince Li Song in the East Palace because he was good at reading and playing chess well.Wang Shuwen "was under imperial edict for a total of eighteen years" and got along with the prince day and night.He has great ambitions, determined to "revive the Tao of Yao, Shun and Confucius, and seek stability for the people", and whenever he has the opportunity, he will talk with the prince about major events in the world and discuss the sufferings of the people.Under the influence of Wang Shuwen, Prince Li Song cared about the government, understood the sufferings of the people better, was very dissatisfied with various current maladies, and had great ambitions for reform.

In his later years, Dezong favored eunuchs and sent eunuchs as palace envoys to purchase daily goods for the court in Chang'an City.There are hundreds of small eunuchs under the palace city envoy, who specially go outside the palace to purchase things needed in the palace.These eunuchs saw the people selling goods in the market, and as long as they needed them, they would force them to buy them, paying only one-tenth of the price.Later, hundreds of eunuchs were simply sent to look out on the street. If they saw something, they would grab it and leave. This is called "White Watch".This kind of public robbery in broad daylight has caused great harm to the common people.The great poet Bai Juyi has a poem "The Charcoal Seller", which is dedicated to exposing the darkness of Gongshi.

There is also a "five workshops" in Chang'an, which are dedicated to raising eagles, falcons (sound gu, the same ancient), harriers, eagles and dogs for the emperor.The eunuchs working in Wufang are called Wufang children.These people usually have nothing to do, so they go around extorting money.They spread the bird nets at the gates of common people's homes or on derricks.When people go in and out of the house, or go to the well to fetch water, they will inevitably encounter bird nets.The Wufang children said that the people of this family scared away the birds that worshiped the emperor, and they were not willing to give up until the family paid for the gift.Wufang children often eat and drink in the hotel, eat drunk, before leaving, not only do not pay, but also leave a basket of snakes, saying that the snakes are used to catch birds and worship the emperor, and ask the store to raise them properly .The shopkeeper had no choice but to pay money and presents, and begged Wufang Xiaoer to take the snake away, and Wufang Xiaoer took the snake basket away.

Gongshi and Wufang Xiaoer acted so mischievously that aroused the hatred of the people in Chang'an.The common people are frightened and resentful, fearing them like robbers, making noise from far and near, and business trips will be cut off.Some bloody people couldn't bear it, and when the eunuchs watched in vain, they rose up and resisted, and even bloody conflicts occurred. Once, a farmer passed by the palace with a donkey carrying firewood, and the eunuch stopped him, claiming that the palace market wanted to buy his firewood.The eunuch not only refused to give the farmer money, but also asked him for errand money.The farmer was a strong-tempered man and said loudly: "I have my parents and my children. The whole family is waiting for the firewood to be exchanged for money to buy rice for the pot. You took my firewood but didn't give me the money. My whole family will die One." So he stood on the street and scolded the eunuch, but was caught by the patrolling officials.The officials reported the incident to Emperor Dezong.Emperor Dezong issued an edict to depose the eunuch and compensated the farmer with ten bolts of silk.Even so, Miyaichi's wrongdoing continued.

Advisers and censors went to the shuffle one after another, asking Dezong to abolish the palace market.However, it was Dezong who created Miyagi, how could he abolish it so easily.When Zhang Jianfeng, the governor of Xuzhou, went to court, he told Dezong in detail about the disadvantages of the palace market.Dezong was moved and agreed to consider Zhang Jianfeng's opinion.However, when Dezong asked for the opinion of the judge Zhi Su Bian, Su Bian followed the eunuch's wishes and said to Dezong: "The capital is idle to thousands of families, and there are no native livelihoods. Yanggong City takes it." (Zi Zhi "Tong Jian Volume 235") means that there are many people in the capital who are idle and have no means of earning a living, and need to rely on the supply of palaces and markets.Dezong believed Su Bian's words, and he would not listen to any ministers who advised Gongshi in the future.

Once, Prince Li Song discussed Gongshi with his attendants in the East Palace.The prince was furious for a while, and said angrily: "I have seen my father, so I should try my best to persuade you about this matter." The attendants all praised him, saying that the prince is wise.Only Wang Shuwen remained silent and made no statement. The prince felt very strange about this, and after everyone retreated, he specially asked Wang Shuwen to stay, and asked him: "Don't you often talk about the disadvantages of the palace market? But when we were discussing just now, the master didn't say a word, why is that? "Wang Shuwen replied: "Uncle Wen is trusted by the prince, and has some opinions, so how dare he not say it. But the system of this dynasty, the post of the prince, should only care about the emperor's sleep and food, and is not allowed to interfere with affairs outside the palace. The emperor is in power. It has been a long time, if someone took the opportunity to sow dissension, saying that His Highness is winning people's hearts, and the Emperor becomes suspicious, it will be difficult for His Highness to defend himself!"

It turned out that Dezong was very suspicious, impatient and self-willed, even for his own son.In August of the third year of Zhenyuan (787), Princess Gao was sent to prison.Princess Gao is the daughter of Emperor Suzong, and the daughter of her husband Xiao Sheng is Prince Li Songfei.After Xiao Sheng's death, Princess Gao had an affair with Sima Li Wan of Pengzhou, and secretly communicated with Prince Zhan Shi Li Min, Shuzhou Biejia Xiao Ding and other officials.Someone sued Emperor Dezong, saying that Princess Gao was "fornicating" and at the same time practiced the art of defeating witchcraft.Dezong was furious, imprisoned Princess Gao, and killed Li Wan with a stick.Princess Gao's own son, Li Min, Xiao Ding and others were all exiled.Even Prince Li Song, who didn't know anything, was blamed because Concubine Xiao was the daughter of Princess Gao. Prince Li Song was panicked and offered to divorce Concubine Xiao.Xiao Shi was killed immediately.This matter was not over yet, and Dezong had the idea of ​​abolishing the crown prince Li Song and changing Li Yi, the king of Shu. Fortunately, the prime minister Li Mi tried his best to protect Li Song's crown prince.

After listening to Wang Shuwen's words, the prince suddenly realized, and said with emotion, "I didn't remind you, I didn't think of this." From then on, the prince respected and trusted Wang Shuwen even more, and all matters in the East Palace depended on Wang Shuwen's discretion. Wang Shuwen was far-sighted. He told the prince not to make a big show, but he secretly searched for talented officials in the court for the prince, gathered talents, and prepared for the prince's accession to the throne in the future. Wei Zhiyi, a Hanlin scholar, is from Chang'an. Chang'an Wei's has the reputation of "a family of prime ministers". It is said that there have been fourteen prime ministers.However, Wei Zhiyi's father was only the governor of Bazhou, so he was not considered a prominent figure.Wei Zhiyi is talented, capable of poetry and prose. "New Tang Book" said that he was "young and talented, and he was a Jinshi, with different strategies, and he was awarded the Supplementary Supplements. He was over the crown and entered the Hanlin as a bachelor. He was very sensitive and charming, and he was lucky to be Dezong."This passage is both positive and negative. It not only praises Wei Zhiyi for his cleverness since he was a child, he was promoted to a scholar at a young age, and entered an official career early, but also insinuates that he is good at flattering and flattering, so he was favored by Emperor Dezong.Dezong often sang poems with Wei Zhiyi, and asked him to go in and out of the forbidden center as a consultant, which attracted the attention of the government and the public.Once, on Dezong's birthday, Li Song presented a Buddha statue to celebrate his birthday, and Dezong ordered Wei Zhiyi to write a tribute to the portrait.After writing the praise, Dezong ordered the prince to give Wei Zhiyi silk (fine silk with double silk) to express his gratitude.Wei Zhiyi went to the East Palace to thank him, and the prince took the opportunity to say to Wei Zhiyi: "Does the scholar know Wang Shuwen? He is a great talent." So Wei Zhiyi and Wang Shuwen began to have a close relationship.

In addition to Wei Zhiyi, Wang Shuwen also secretly made friends with many famous people, including Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi, Lu Zhi, Lu Wen, Li Jingjian, Han Ye, Han Tai, Ling Zhun, Chen Jian, Cheng Yi and others.They shared the same goals with Wang Shuwen and became close friends.Wang Shuwen also recommended these close friends to Prince Li Song, saying that so-and-so could be the prime minister, and so-and-so had general talents, and they would all be of great use in the future. Liu Yuxi, courtesy name Mengde, was born in Pengcheng (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu).The ancestors belonged to the Huns, and the seventh ancestor moved to Luoyang with Emperor Xiaowen of Wei Dynasty and changed his surname to Han.Born in a family of officials and officials.In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), Liu Yuxi, who was only 20 years old, was a Jinshi and won the first prize.He has outstanding talents, and his poems and rhetoric are well-known all over the world.First, Du You (grandfather of the famous poet Du Mu and author of the great book "Tong Dian") served as the secretary in Huainan Jiedushi. After Du You was promoted to prime minister, he was also brought to the capital.Wang Shuwen admired Liu Yuxi very much and praised him as a prime minister.

Liu Zongyuan, courtesy name Zihou, was born in Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi Province), known as Liuhedong in the world.Liu Zongyuan was super intelligent since he was a child, and his writing and writing were like springs of thinking.People at the time commented on his articles as "exquisitely tailored and dense, as brilliant as pearl shells".He and Liu Yuxi are Jinshi of the same discipline, and they are also close friends.After participating in Boxuehong Ci, he was awarded the title of Xiaoshulang.Later, he got acquainted with Wang Shuwen through someone's introduction, and gradually became the core figure in Wang Shuwen's group. Both Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan were famous writers in the Tang Dynasty. Later, Ouyang Xiu, the editor of "Old Tang Book", denied Yongzhen's innovation, but he had to praise them as "a great talent of a generation" in literature. Su Dongpo also called them "highly talented". Absolute learning".Lu Zhi, the doctor of the official left division, the governor of Lixin and Taizhou.Lv Wen is Lv Weizi, the observation envoy of Hunan, and the official Zuo picks up relics.Li Jingjian, Li Lizi, king of Hanzhong, Jinshi and the first.Han Ye, the son of the former Prime Minister Han Huang, was talented, and was appointed as a doctor by the official minister.Han Tai has a plan and can decide big things, he is a doctor of the official household department.Ling Zhun has historiography, and the official Zhedong observes the judge.Chen is admonishing and alert. Once he reads the books, he will never forget them all his life. He serves as an official censor.Cheng Yixing is honest, proficient in official duties, and good at managing money. At the end of Zhenyuan, he was also an official supervisor and censor, and he was repeatedly transferred to other officials. It can be seen from this that the group that Wang Shuwen has carefully established is indeed full of talents.Because it is gathered in the East Palace, it is naturally headed by the Prince of the East Palace, Li Song.Prince Li Song relied most on Wang Shuwen and Wang Yi, the old men of the East Palace.Wang Shuwen was not as good as Wang Shuwen, and because of his ugly appearance, he could not speak the official language of Chang'an, but could only speak the Wu dialect of his hometown. Therefore, Wang Shuwen became the actual leader of this group.Wang Shuwen liked Liu Yuxi and Liu Zongyuan the most.So later when this group of people came to power and carried out the Yongzhen Reform, people at that time called them "The Second King, Liu Liu".After the failure of Yongzhen's reform, eight members of this group were demoted to foreign state Sima, so this political group was also called "two kings and eight Sima" in history books. In the nineteenth year of Zhenyuan (803), Zuo Buque and Zhang Zhengyi went to talk about things and were summoned by Dezong.Six or seven officials who had a good relationship with Zhang Zhengyi went to congratulate Zhang Zhengyi together, and everyone had a happy meal together.At this time, someone quietly told Wei Zhiyi, a scholar of the Imperial Academy, that Zhang Zhengyi went to the academy to discuss Wei Zhiyi's alliance with Wang Shuwen.Therefore, when Wei Zhiyi met Dezong, he reported that Zhang Zhengyi and other friends gathered for a party, and had a lot of banquets.Dezong ordered people to investigate and found that Zhang Zhengyi and others had indeed gathered together, so he demoted all six or seven people who had eaten together with Zhang Zhengyi to foreign officials.Although this is an ordinary political struggle, Wei Zhiyi's character can also be seen from this.This incident also fully shows that Wang Shuwen's political group has formed a considerable force.Now everything is ready, only the east wind is owed. The development of history often changes its direction due to accidental factors. When Wang Shuwen Group was developing smoothly, Prince Li Song suddenly had a stroke in September of the 20th year of Zhenyuan (804). After that, his tongue couldn't control him and he couldn't speak.The old Dezong was anxious and angry, and Li Song almost lost his position as prince.On the first day of the first lunar month in the 21st year of Zhenyuan (805), the royal family entered the palace to worship He Dezong as usual, but the prince Li Song was sick and did not arrive.Dezong wept and lamented, and could not afford to get sick from then on.Soon after, Dezong died of illness. Because the Liuliu group, the second king of the East Palace, has always been at odds with the eunuch group, the eunuch also understands it very well.Therefore, after Dezong's death, they did not call Hanlin Daizhao Wang Yi and Wang Shuwen into the palace, but called Hanlin scholars Zheng Yu and Wei Cigong.When Wei and Zheng were drafting the edict, an eunuch suddenly said: "There is a discussion in the palace, and it has not been determined who will succeed." Change and establish a new emperor.At that time, everyone present was frightened by the power of the eunuch, so they dared not answer easily.However, Prince Li Song was the heir apparent who had been established by Dezong during his lifetime, and he had been crown prince for 26 years. His sudden change of appointment violated the Tang system.Wei Cigong had no relationship with Wang Shuwen and others, but he finally said bluntly: "Although the crown prince is sick, he is the eldest son of the first emperor, and he is the legitimate heir of the emperor that is expected by people inside and outside. If it is because the crown prince cannot speak, it is really a last resort The eldest son of the prince should also be established, otherwise, the world will be in chaos." Zheng Yu immediately agreed.The eunuch's conspiracy to establish another emperor failed. But Prince Li Song was sick in bed, and when he learned that people were hesitant, he immediately helped him, put on purple clothes and hemp shoes, walked out of the Nine Immortals Gate calmly, and summoned all the military envoys, so that people's hearts were at ease.When the crown prince Li Song was the emperor in the Tai Chi Hall, the guards of the palace were still in shock. Someone came up to check and found out that he was really the prince. Then he said: "The real prince is also." Everyone wept with joy.Li Songcai successfully became the emperor.It can also be seen that the situation at that time was delicate and people were panicked. After Shunzong ascended the throne with illness, it is reasonable to say that Wang Shuwen and others can finally make great achievements. No one would have thought that the loss of Shunzong's voice that led to Dezong's demise also contributed to the short life of Yongzhen's innovation. After Shunzong came to the throne, Wang Shuwen was highly valued and appointed as a Hanlin Bachelor.The Hanlin Academy is located in the west of the Jinluan Hall, close to the emperor. It handles edicts with words, prepares consultants, argues right and wrong, and handles documents. The decision-making power of the court was handed over to Wang Shuwen. The reason why Wang Shuwen did not pay homage to the prime minister is said to be because he knew that he did not have enough prestige to publicly grasp the power of the government. In addition, he recommended the veteran Wei Zhiyi as the prime minister, while he himself hid behind the scenes, "praising the plot" and commanding decisions.Wei Zhiyi also lived up to the friendship of Wang Shuwen who first cited him as prime minister. The two made decisions in Hanlin and carried out them in Zhongshu. They cooperated internally and externally and began to carry out the famous Yongzhen innovation.In history, it was also called Yongzhen Innovation as "Wang Shuwen and Wei Zhiyi used things". It is worth noting that Liu Yuxi, who has always been praised by Wang Shuwen as a prime minister, did not pay homage to the prime minister.It is difficult to restore the situation and psychology of historical figures at that time.But after Shunzong ascended the throne, the "Er Wang Liu Liu" group was always only Er Wang and Wei Zhiyi in the central core power circle.Even after Wang Shunzong ascended the throne, he was still the status of Hanlin waiting for edict, and he was not promoted.Later, in order to control the finances, Wang Shuwen took a series of positions, and Wang Ni was appointed as a Hanlin Bachelor.Wang Anshi of the Northern Song Dynasty sighed in "Reading the Biography of Liu Zongyuan": "I think the eight Sima are all rare talents in the world." Only the core figures in the group-Wang Shuwen and Wang Yi were not mentioned.This shows on the other hand that the second king is indeed not talented enough.But none of the Eight Sima entered the central leadership.From this, it can be inferred that Wang Shuwen did not recommend Liu Yuxi to be a prime minister, and he did not recommend Ba Sima to be a center, which was somewhat selfish.During his eighteen years in the Eastern Palace, he had seen a lot of intrigues and court maneuvers in the officialdom, so he definitely had to think about it for himself.He has great ambitions for reform, but he doesn't want others to do more than he does.The various subtleties in this are by no means clear in a single word.Many people with great ambitions and eager to make contributions in history have such subtle thoughts. At the beginning, Wang Shuwen gave full play to his resolute, decisive and efficiency-oriented ability to abolish the tyranny and maladministration of Gongshi and Wufang children, which was called "the cheers of the city" and "the joy of human relations" in history.The content of these reforms is what the people want, which makes Yongzhen's reform win the support of the people and public opinion. On this basis, Wang Shuwen continued to push the innovation further after consulting with the Innovation Group. The first is the centralization of financial power.Wang Shuwen believes that money and food are the biggest foundation of the country. As long as the finance, salt and iron rights are mastered, the separatist forces of the feudal towns can be restrained and the centralization of power can be strengthened.For this reason, Wang Shuwen promoted Li Di, the observation envoy of western Zhejiang, to Zhenhai Jiedu envoy, and dismissed the salt and iron transport envoy Li Di was concurrently in command of. (Prime Minister) Du You was the transfer envoy of Duzhi and various roads of salt and iron. This is actually a measure to bring the rights of salt and iron under the direct control of the central government.Two days later, Wang Shuwen appointed himself as the deputy envoy of Duzhi and salt and iron transfer.Although Du You is named as an envoy, in fact, Wang Shuwen is in charge of all the power of salt and iron. The second is to cut down the vassals and towns.Since the Anshi Rebellion, the power of the feudal town has been divided into one side, and the imperial court is not regarded at all, and its arrogance is very arrogant.Jiannan Xichuan (now Chengdu, Sichuan) Jiedushi Wei Gao once sent his subordinate Liu Pi to see Wang Shuwen, demanding that he also lead the Jiedushi of Sanchuan (the east and west of Jiannan and the west of Shannan are collectively called Sanchuan) Jiedushi, and threatened that if he did not If I agree, I will give Wang Shuwen a look.Wang Shuwen was so angry that he refused on the spot, and planned to kill Liu Pi to warn Wei Gao.Because of Wei Zhiyi's strong opposition, he didn't do anything, but Liu Pi ran away in fright.Wei Gao also held a grudge because of this, secretly recruiting troops and buying horses, with different ambitions, and tried to seize Sanchuan by force.The contradiction between the central court and the local Jiedushi can be seen from this. The last is to seize the military power of eunuchs.This is an important deployment to combat and eradicate eunuch forces.The eunuch group is the main target of Yongzhen's innovation, and it is also the biggest resistance to Yongzhen's innovation, and it is also the backstage of many feudal towns.The reason why the power of the eunuchs was so powerful was that at that time, the commanding power of the 150,000 Shence Army (Forbidden Army) was in the hands of the eunuchs. Holds local military power.Therefore, whether the eunuch group can be defeated is the key to the success or failure of Yongzhen's innovation, and whether the eunuch's military power can be deprived is the key among the keys. In this regard, Wang Shuwen first appointed Fan Xichao, the general of Youjinwu, as the commander of Youshece, who served as the commander of the left and right shence, and the envoys of the camps and horses in the cities and towns in the west of Beijing, and took over the military power in the hands of the eunuchs.But most of the generals of the Shence Army are cronies of the eunuch.When Fan Xichao went to take over the troops, some generals ignored him at all.Fan Xichao had no choice but to come back empty-handed.This is due to the system of the previous dynasty, and Wang Shuwen did not plan carefully in advance.He has the courage and determination to pioneer, but he does not have the talent and reputation to match. This is the fundamental reason why he does not directly serve as prime minister, but must cooperate with Wei Zhiyi. Wang Shuwen's plan to seize the eunuch's military power easily failed, and his failure left troubles for Yongzhen's innovation.At this time, the reformists also began to divide. At the beginning, the reformist group gathered together day and night, and the relationship was harmonious.As the core and actual leader of the reformers, Wang Shuwen respected everyone's opinions. He often invited Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan, Lu Wen and others into the Imperial Academy to discuss together and agree with everything.Wang Shuwen and Wei Zhiyi also got along friendly, and often went to Zhongshu to have lunch with Wei Zhiyi and discuss political affairs. There is one thing to tell.Soon after Shunzong ascended the throne, one day all the prime ministers (the Tang Dynasty had multiple prime ministers) had dinner together in Zhongshu Province, and Wang Shuwen came to see Wei Zhiyi. "The prime minister will eat, and the officials will not dare to meet him."But when Wei Zhiyi heard that Wang Shuwen was coming, he hurried out, and the prime ministers Zheng Xunyu, Du You, and Gao Ying stopped, planning to eat together when Wei Zhiyi came back.After a while, the little official said: "Wei Xianggong and Wang Shuwen have already had dinner together." The prime ministers felt neglected, and Zheng Xunyu especially felt that his self-esteem was hurt, so he sighed: "I can live here again!" ("New Book of Tang Dynasty") ·Volume one hundred and sixty-five·Zheng Xunyu's biography") got up and went home, and stayed at home for seven days without coming out to see things, so he dismissed the prime minister.Zheng Xunyu naturally didn't care about a meal, but because he couldn't understand Wang Shuwen's power and opposed innovation.It can also be seen from this. The friendship between Wang Shuwen and Wei Zhiyi did not last long, and the two gradually disagreed, and the rift became bigger and bigger.At that time, Gao Ying, Du You and others were all prime ministers and resolutely opposed innovation.Some people resigned and some went on strike, which expressed their non-cooperation with Wang Shuwen Group.And Wei Zhiyi happened to be in the middle of the two factions, and he was under pressure. He was not firm in the beginning, and he started to fight at both ends.In the court, there were even more rumors, saying that Wei Zhiyi had no talent and that he became prime minister only because of Wang Shuwen.Although the facts were true, Wei Zhiyi felt ashamed, and since then he deliberately contradicted Wang Shuwen in many public occasions, expressing that he had conflicts with Wang Shuwen. At this time, Dou Qun, the censor, made a play, attacking Liu Yuxi for coercing evil and chaos, and should not be in the court.What is particularly shocking is that Dou Qun also came to find Wang Shuwen, swearing at each other and publicly threatening him, making him think about his future fate.Because of the extremely bad influence, Wang Shuwen and others discussed and decided to dismiss Dou Qun as an official.Only Wei Zhiyi said that Dou Qun had a reputation for being stubborn and upright, and tried his best to stop it.Xuanshe inspector Yang Shi'er openly opposed Wang Shuwen and attacked innovation.Wang Shuwen was furious and wanted to issue an order to kill the sheep.Wei Zhiyi thought it was impossible.Wang Shuwen changed it to stick killing, but Wei Zhiyi still thought it was impossible and refused to undertake it.In the end, Wang Shuwen had to be changed to an official who demoted sheep. It would be fine if he really had different political views. Wei Zhiyi objected to Wang Shuwen's decision on the surface, but secretly sent someone to explain to Wang Shuwen, saying that it was a compromise to help the reform succeed.This clearly shows that he is always unconventional and unconventional.Wang Shuwen was furious and hated people with such low character.From then on, the two began to feud, and the situation was like fire and water. Even the people who were ordered to come and go with the two people felt very frightened, for fear of being killed. Under such circumstances, hostile forces opposed to innovation took advantage of the opportunity to enter.At that time, Shunzong's condition worsened, and he could not play against the ministers. He could only be supported by others occasionally to go to the hall, which became a display only for the officials to look forward to.Both inside and outside the court were very worried about this, so they hoped that the prince would be established as soon as possible to reassure people's hearts.The eunuchs not only controlled the forbidden soldiers, but also controlled the court, so the eunuchs Ju Wenzhen and Liu Guangqi called the Hanlin scholars Zheng Yu, Wei Cigong, Wang Ya, Li Cheng, etc. into the palace to draft the prince's booklet.Soon, Li Chun, the eldest son of Shunzong, was formally established as the prince. Wang Shuwen had already predicted that the development of the current situation would be unfavorable to him, but he was helpless. He always recited Du Fu's "Poems Inscribed on Zhuge Liang's Ancestral Hall": "Death before leaving the teacher often makes the hero burst into tears." Expressing worry and indignation, because of emotion And sobbing, "everyone snickered at it". On the day when the crown prince was officially registered, the opposition Taichangqing Du Huangshang (Wei Zhiyi's father-in-law) advised Wei Zhiyi to lead all the civil and military officials to ask the prince Li Chun to supervise the country. In fact, he wanted to force Shunzong to abdicate and hand over power.At that time, the relationship between Wei Zhiyi and Wang Shuwen had not deteriorated, so Wei Zhiyi naturally did not agree. Soon, Jiannan Xichuan Jiedu envoy Wei Gao saw that the government was in chaos and planned to fish in troubled waters. He immediately asked Prince Li Chun to supervise the country under the pretext of Shunzong's illness.Immediately afterwards, Pei Jun, the Jiedu envoy of Jingnan (now Jiangling, Hubei), and Yan Shou, the Jiedu envoy of Hedong (now south of Taiyuan, Shanxi), also put on the same memorial table, frequently exerting pressure on Shunzong.These people are all powerful figures in the separatist regime, with heavy troops in their hands, and the central court of the Tang Dynasty would not dare to offend them easily. At the same time, in the name of Shunzong, the eunuch wrote a book to remove Wang Shuwen's position as a Hanlin scholar.When Wang Shuwen saw the book making, he knew it was a conspiracy. He was very surprised and said, "I have to go to the Imperial Academy every day to discuss business affairs. If I don't take this position, how can I get in!"But he was not at a loss. Instead, Wang Yu repeatedly asked for him on his behalf, and finally won the admission to the Imperial Academy every three to five days. However, the post of Hanlin Bachelor was lost forever. Coincidentally, Wang Shuwen's mother suddenly died of illness at this time.In ancient times, he was mourned by his parents, and he was called Dingyou.According to the usual practice, those who are officials in the court will leave their jobs and return to their hometowns every time Ding You is there, to guard their parents' tombs and fulfill their filial piety.So far, it is inevitable for Wang Shuwen to leave the core power center, and the overall situation has been settled.Wang Shuwen was exhausted physically and mentally, but he still refused to give up easily, hoping to make the last effort.He set up a grand banquet in the Hanlin Academy, and invited all the scholars and eunuchs Ju Wenzhen, Liu Guangqi and others to drink together.At the banquet, he said confidently: "I have worked hard in recent years. I have not avoided dangers and made profits and eliminated harms, all for the sake of the country. Once I leave my post, all kinds of slanders will definitely come. At that time, who will say a word?" Fair words?" As a result, the words were not speculative, and after several rounds of drinking, they broke up unhappy.The next day, Wang Shuwen and Dingyou resigned. Once Wang Shuwen resigns, the reformists will lose their core.Wei Zhiyi openly split with the group.If it was Liu Yuxi instead of Wei Zhiyi who visited the prime minister before, maybe there is still room for maneuver.Alas! At this time, only Wang Ni was left in the Hanlin Academy, and it was quite difficult to meet Shunzong.He is still making his last effort, trying to send Shunzong through eunuchs, but there is no result.Because the eunuchs controlled the access to and from the imperial palace, coupled with the military power of the forbidden soldiers, they actually completely controlled the emperor.A right to enter and exit the palace, and a right to ban soldiers, are the top priorities.This is also the fundamental reason why the Chinese sect was still no match for the power of the eunuchs despite all their deliberate deliberations during the Manna Change. Soon, Wang Ni had an accidental stroke and lost his ability to act, so the eunuch forces began to counterattack in an all-round way.Ju Wenzhen and others continued to force Shunzong to hand over power and let the prince supervise the country.On July 29, the 21st year of Zhenyuan (805), Shunzong was forced to hand over all the military affairs and political affairs to the prince for governance.But even so, Ju Wenzhen and others were not satisfied.On the fourth day of August, Shunzong was forced to issue an edict to abdicate the emperor's throne to the prince, claiming to be the Supreme Emperor.On the fifth day of August, Shunzong moved to Xingqing Palace and changed his name to Yongzhen.At this point, Shunzong officially ended his career as emperor. He reigned for only eight months, becoming the emperor with the shortest reign in the history of the Tang Dynasty. Before Prince Li Chun officially ascended the throne, the eunuch forces couldn't wait to start a comprehensive liquidation of the reformers.On the sixth day of August, Wang Yu was demoted to Kaizhou Sima, and Wang Shuwen was Yuzhou Sihu.On the ninth day of August, Prince Li Chun ascended the throne in the Xuanzheng Hall as Emperor Xianzong.Then Wei Zhiyi was demoted again and again as Sima of Yazhou, Han Tai as Sima of Qianzhou, Han Ye as Sima of Raozhou, Liu Zongyuan as Sima of Yongzhou, Liu Yuxi as Sima of Langzhou, Chen Jian as Sima of Taizhou, Ling Zhun as Sima of Lianzhou, Cheng The difference is Chenzhou Sima, which is the "Eight Sima".The Eight Sima's relegation offices are all in remote places.Lu Zhixian died of illness, Li Jingjian was in mourning at home, and Lu Wen's envoy to Tubo was not returned, and it was not too late to be demoted.Because Wang Ni was already ill, he died in the demotion office soon. Wang Shuwen and others were in power for 146 days, but Yongzhen Revolution completely failed in the fierce struggle, and the reformers ended in a bleak end.What is even more sad is that those who later compiled history books criticized the actions of the reformers, especially the second king in the "Two Kings and Eight Sima", even his character was slandered. Overall, 805 AD was an extremely turbulent year.Dezong died on the 23rd day of the first lunar month in the 21st year of Zhenyuan, and Shunzong came to the throne. By the fourth day of August of the same year, Shunzong had abdicated, and Xianzong's heirs all used the title of Zhenyuan, and the yuan was not changed.On the fifth day of August, Shunzong renamed it the first year of Yongzhen with the emperor's "gao".Therefore, there are three current emperors and two reign names in this year. It's been a long time since the new year, and the lingering heat of Yongzhen's innovation has not completely cooled down.On the first day of the first lunar month, Emperor Xianzong changed Yuanhe.On the nineteenth day of the first lunar month, Shunzong died of illness in the Xingqing Palace in solitude at the age of forty-six. Regarding the cause of Shunzong's death, people at that time felt suspicious.On the eighteenth day of the first lunar month, the day before Shunzong's death, Xianzong suddenly published a book inexplicably, declaring that the Supreme Emperor "old illnesses and reconciliation", which means that the old disease has not been cured, and Xianzong himself wants to "serve the medicinal food personally", so for the time being Do not listen to politics.As a result, Shunzong was declared dead in Xingqing Palace the next day.Therefore, some people think that Shunzong died a long time ago, and Xianzong made the book first to cover up the truth, but unexpectedly it had the opposite effect of trying to cover up. Soon after, Emperor Xianzong bestowed Wang Shuwen's death.An innovator with great ambitions to turn the world around, and determined to turn the tide, was silently executed in Yuzhou (now Chongqing, Sichuan) by the Yangtze River at the age of fifty-four. Although Liu Zongyuan, Liu Yuxi and others were demoted from the capital, they were very unwilling to fail.In the first month of the tenth year of Yuanhe (815), Liu Yuxi, Liu Zongyuan and others were recalled to Beijing.In March of the following year, Liu Yuxi wrote a poem "calling from Langzhou to Beijing, presenting plays to gentlemen who watch flowers":