Chapter 24 Four commoner emperors

Song Lizong Zhao Yun is the most peculiar emperor in the history of the Song Dynasty, the first and the last emperor who really came from the people.From Zhao Guangyi, the second emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty, to Song Gaozong Zhao Gou, the first emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, the emperors of the Song Dynasty have always been Zhao Guangyi.Since Song Xiaozong Zhao Shen, the throne returned to the lineage of Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin.However, Song Xiaozong is the direct descendant of Zhao Defang, the second son of Song Taizu, while Song Lizong is called the tenth grandson of Song Taizu Zhao Kuangyin, and is the direct descendant of Song Taizu's eldest son Zhao Dezhao.Even though Song Lizong was really a descendant of Zhao Dezhao and belonged to Zhao Kuangyin's lineage with Song Ningzong, the time has passed quite a long time ago, and the two branches have been very distant in blood.

The grievances and entanglements between Song Taizong, Zhao Dezhao, and Zhao Defang have been discussed in detail in the article "The Sound of the Ax and the Shadow of the Candle". Here, we will briefly mention Zhao Dezhao's descendants.Zhao Dezhao had five sons, and his great-great-grandson Zhao Lingchou was quite talented. He was released as secretary of Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui) in the sixth year of Yuanyou (1091).At that time, Su Shi was the prefect of Yingzhou County. He cherished Zhao Lingchou's talent very much and wrote a letter to recommend it to the imperial court. Instead, he was reprimanded by Empress Dowager Gao (Empress Yingzong of Song Dynasty), who believed that there were many smart people in the clan, and they only valued virtue, not others. On talent.Later, Su Shi was demoted because of something, and Zhao Lingchou was also implicated and fined. As a result, his family was impoverished. Silver silk was able to be buried in the coffin.

Zhao Dezhao's descendants to the great-great-grandson generation were in such a bleak situation, and the descendants of later generations were even more downcast, completely losing the respect of the descendants of the royal family.Song Lizong Zhao Yun's biological father, Zhao Xiguan, was only a nine-rank county lieutenant, and passed away early. Zhao Yun's mother, Quan's family, was unable to raise her son, so she had to live in her natal family.It can be seen that even if Zhao Yun is really a descendant of Song Taizu, he is no different from ordinary civilians.The reason why Zhao Yun appeared on the political stage was entirely due to the struggle between Prince Zhao Mian and Shi Miyuan.

After Prime Minister Shi Miyuan decided to abolish Zhao Mian's crown prince, he secretly appointed his confidant Yu Tianxi to find a son of the clan to replace Zhao Mian in the future.Yu Tianxi searched everywhere, but never found a suitable candidate.In the 14th year of Jiading (1221), Yu Tianxi passed by Shaoxing when he returned to his hometown, and it rained heavily. Yu Tianxi happened to go to the house of Zhao Yun's uncle Quan Baochang (Baochang was a small official in the village) to take shelter from the rain.When Quan Baochang heard that Yu Tianxi was a disciple of Shi Miyuan, he deliberately flattered him, and introduced his nephew Zhao Yuju (later Zhao Yun) to Yu Tianxi, saying that Zhao and Ju were descendants of the clan.Yu Tianxi was overjoyed and brought Zhao and Ju to Lin'an.Seeing that Zhao and Ju had good looks, Shi Miyuan liked it very much, so he asked Zhao and Ju to write.Zhao Yuju even wrote down the words "Zhenwen Ancient".Shi Miyuan sighed: "This is the destiny!" So he decided to train Zhao and Ju.

Regardless of the authenticity of Zhao Guicheng's royal lineage, Zhao Yuju was only seventeen years old at the time. He lost his father when he was young, and he and his mother lived a long-term life under the fence.Inferred, he should have been instructed by Yu Tianxi in advance, so he dared to call himself "Zhen".But in any case, his fate began to turn. In order to educate Zhao and Ju, Shi Miyuan summoned Zheng Qingzhi, a student of the Imperial College, to give lectures to Zhao Guicheng. Zheng Qingzhi was a famous Confucianist all over the world at that time.Shi Miyuan specially told Zheng Qingzhi: "Prince Zhao Mian can't take on the big responsibility, Zhao Yuju is very virtuous, you have to teach him well. In the future, I, Shi Miyuan, will take your seat now. But this is only from my mouth , into your ears, if a word is leaked, you and I will be punished." Although Zheng Qingzhi is very famous, but he is only a ninth-rank official, so he agreed without hesitation for the sake of his future.

Later, under Shi Miyuan's strong recommendation, Zhao Yuju was established as Yi Wang Zhao Bian (the younger brother of Song Ningzong), and then changed his name to Zhao Guicheng.In this way, Zhao Guicheng became the nephew of Song Ningzong and the younger brother of Prince Zhao Mian, and he initially qualified as a reserve.Shi Miyuan spoke ill of Prince Zhao Mian in front of Song Ningzong and Queen Yang, and proposed to change Zhao Guicheng as Prince.Although Song Ningzong was stupid, he still knew that Zhao Mian was his real nephew, so he did not agree with Shi Miyuan's suggestion.Zhen Dexiu, the teacher of the prince Zhao Mian, felt that Shi Miyuan wanted to abolish the prince Zhao Mian, and worried that it would harm him, so he resigned from the East Palace first.Prince Zhao Mian also lost an important adviser.

In August of the seventeenth year of Jiading (1224), when Song Ningzong suddenly became seriously ill and was unable to handle the government affairs, Shi Miyuan decided to implement his plan to abolish the establishment.Although Shi Miyuan had been planning this matter for a long time, he had never mentioned it to Zhao Guicheng before, so he first sent Zheng Qingzhi to Yiwang Mansion to inform Zhao Guicheng, expressing that he would support him as emperor.But no matter how Zheng Qingzhi tried, Zhao Guicheng remained silent.In the end, Zheng Qingzhi became anxious, so he simply showed his cards and said, "I have known the prime minister for a long time, and thanks to his trust, let me be your teacher. Now you don't answer a word, how can I return to the prime minister?" Zhao Guicheng then clasped his hands and replied "The old mother of Shaoxing is still here." On the surface, the answer seemed to be irrelevant to the question, but it subtly expressed his desire to be emperor.After Shi Miyuan learned about it, he felt that Zhao Guicheng was not an ordinary person.

On the third day of the eighth lunar month, Song Ningzong died of illness at the age of fifty-six. "Song History" quoted Deng Ruoshui's memorial, pointing out that Song Ningzong was murdered and died. Obviously, this should be attributed to Shi Miyuan's eagerness to abolish the establishment. "Southeast Jiwen" records that when Song Ningzong was seriously ill, Shi Miyuan specially offered a hundred pills of golden pills, and Song Ningzong died shortly after taking it.At that time, everyone believed that Shi Miyuan was seriously suspected of poisoning Song Ningzong.However, Song Ningzong had always been in poor health. According to historical records, no matter where he went, there were two little eunuchs walking in front with two small screens. "Eat less raw and cold, afraid of stomach pain", used to remind myself, it also shows that his physique is quite weak.

At that time, the harem was presided over by Empress Yang. Once Song Ningzong died, Empress Yang's position was very important. However, Empress Yang did not know that Shi Miyuan was going to launch a palace coup.When Shi Miyuan sent Yang Gu and Yang Shi, the nephews of Empress Yang, into the palace to propose the abolition of the establishment to Empress Yang, Empress Yang firmly disagreed.Yang Gu and Yang Shi went back and forth between Da Nei and Shi Miyuan's mansion seven times a night. Finally, Queen Yang weighed the interests and finally agreed.Shi Miyuan immediately sent someone to summon Zhao Guicheng, and specifically ordered: "It's the prince of Prince Yi's Mansion (referring to Zhao Guicheng), not the prince of Wansui Lane (referring to Zhao Hong). If you make a mistake, you will all be executed!"

At this time, the real prince Zhao Mian had already heard the news of Song Ningzong's death, and was waiting anxiously at the mansion in Wansui Lane, waiting for someone from the palace to call him into the palace.What is dramatic is that when Zhao Mian rushed to the gate to look around, the envoy sent by the palace to summon Zhao Guicheng happened to pass by the gate.Zhao Mian had no political sense, and was still wondering why the envoy didn't enter the mansion. The envoy had surrounded Zhao Guicheng and passed his door again, and went straight into the palace. After Zhao Guicheng entered the palace, he first went to see Empress Yang.Empress Yang said: "You will be my son from now on." This undoubtedly officially recognized Zhao Guicheng as the legal heir to the throne.It was not until after Zhao Guicheng visited Song Ningzong's coffin that Prince Zhao Mian was called into the palace.When Zhao Mian entered the palace, all his followers were stopped outside the palace, but Zhao Mian still didn't know the reason. It wasn't until Zhao Guicheng officially ascended the throne that he suddenly realized that he was angry and refused to kneel to Zhao Guicheng.The commander Xia Zhen (the person who killed Han Tuozhou) in front of the palace forcibly pressed Zhao Mian's head, and the enthronement ceremony was completed.At this point, Zhao Guicheng, from a commoner, was supported by Shi Miyuan as emperor, and changed his name to Zhao Yun, which became Song Lizong.Prince Zhao Mian was abolished as King Ji and lived in Huzhou (now part of Zhejiang).

Pan Ren from Huzhou, his younger brother Pan Bing, cousin Pan Fu and others were very indignant at Shi Miyuan's abolition of the establishment without authorization, so they contacted Li Quan, the leader of the Shandong Red Coat Army, and prepared to support Zhao Mian as emperor.Zhao Mian also wanted to compete with Song Lizong, so he decided to raise troops.But Li Quan apparently agreed to send troops to support Zhao Mian, but in fact he just wanted to sit back and watch the success or failure.As a result, when the agreed period came, Li Quan did not send a single soldier.Pan Ren and others even organized a group of salt dealers and fishermen from Taihu Lake, disguised as Li Quan's army from Shandong, entered Huzhou City in the middle of the night, embraced Zhao Mian into the state government, and dressed him in a yellow robe. scene.Zhizhou Xie Zhouqing led the officials to congratulate him.Immediately, Pan Ren issued an announcement in the name of Li Quan, listing Shi Miyuan's crimes, claiming that the generals had 200,000 elite soldiers, and they marched by land and water to attack Lin'an. Zhao Mian was very happy at first, but at dawn the next day, he found that the so-called soldiers and horses were just local fishermen in disguise, and the number of them was less than a hundred.Knowing that without the support of force, great things would be impossible, he hastily defected and sent people to report to the court in order to escape himself, while leading the state soldiers to hunt down Pan Ren and others.Pan Ren changed his name and fled, and Pan Bing, Pan Fu and others were killed.After Shi Miyuan got the report, he immediately dispatched the army to suppress it. When the army arrived in Huzhou, the incident had subsided.Pan Ren fled to Chuzhou (now Huai'an, Jiangsu Province), was arrested, and sent to Lin'an to be executed. Shi Miyuan was worried that someone would use Zhao Mian to make trouble, so he falsely claimed that Ji Wang Zhao Mian was sick, and ordered Qin Tianxi, the doorman, to take a doctor to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment.When he arrived at the state government office, Qin Tianxi announced the court order and forced Zhao Mian to hang himself, and said he died of illness to the public.After Zhao Mian's death, Shi Miyuan also deprived him of his title.Because Huzhou is also called Qichuan, this incident is called "Qingchuan Incident". After the Qichuan Incident, many ministers wrote to complain about Zhao Mian's grievances, and they were all demoted from the court by Shi Miyuan.In order to win people's hearts, Shi Miyuan specially summoned Zhen Dexiu, Wei Liaoweng and others who were the masters of Neo Confucianism at that time.However, after Zhendexiu and Wei Liaoweng returned to the court, they also complained for Zhao Mian. Shi Miyuan took Liang Chengda as the supervisory censor and impeached them again from the court.However, until the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, there were always people complaining for Zhao Mian.Especially when there are disasters, visions and wars, some ministers will bring up the old things again, blaming Zhao Mian's unjust imprisonment for natural disasters and man-made disasters.It was not until Emperor Gong of the Song Dynasty that the Empress Dowager Xie (Empress Lizong Xie Daoqing of Song Dynasty) presided over the government, and Zhao Hong's title was restored under the advice of courtiers, and this public case was considered to be over. Compared with Zhao Mian, Song Lizong is obviously more powerful.He ascended to the throne from a commoner, and the name of the throne was unfair, and he had no foundation in the court, so he had to completely rely on Shi Miyuan and Empress Yang.Therefore, as soon as he became emperor, Song Lizong respected Empress Yang as the empress dowager, and asked Empress Yang to listen to the government behind the curtain.Empress Dowager Yang was naturally very pleased.However, Song Lizong was already 20 years old at this time, and he was not a young master. Empress Dowager Yang listening to politics behind a curtain was equivalent to a concubine blatantly intervening in politics, which violated the ancestral family law, and the ruling and opposition parties were arguing about it.Empress Dowager Yang knew it well and was a little anxious, but she was also greedy for power and refused to easily give up her position of listening to politics behind the curtain. On the Shangyuan Festival in the first year of Baoqing (1225), Song Lizong held a special banquet for Empress Dowager Yang in the palace. As a result, when fireworks were set off to celebrate, some fireworks flew directly under Empress Dowager Yang's chair, and Empress Dowager Yang was startled.At this time, she was already an old woman in her sixties or seventies, old and suspicious. At that time, she suspected that Song Lizong sent someone to do it deliberately, intending to express her dissatisfaction with her listening to politics behind the curtain.Therefore, Empress Dowager Yang walked away on the spot.Song Lizong immediately summoned all the officials, apologized to Queen Mother Yang, and said that he would punish the eunuch who was in charge of arranging the banquet.Empress Dowager Yang was also embarrassed to care about it openly, so she pretended to be generous.But this incident inevitably caused waves.Not long after, Yang Shi, the nephew of Empress Dowager Yang, persuaded Empress Dowager Yang to withdraw the curtain.Empress Dowager Yang finally obeyed, and announced the withdrawal of the curtain after seven months of listening to the government behind the curtain, expressing that she would return the power to Song Lizong. However, Song Lizong did not gain power because Empress Dowager Yang withdrew the curtain. On the contrary, he completely handed over the government affairs to Shi Miyuan.Song Lizong was supported by Shi Miyuan to ascend to the throne of God, and he was naturally grateful in his heart, but he saw the tragic end of the former prince Zhao Mian with his own eyes, and he was very afraid of Shi Miyuan's methods, so he gave Shi Miyuan all the power, and named him Taishi and Wei Guogong. But I am willing to do nothing, live in silence, and pay attention to Taoism.Therefore, in the ten years after Song Lizong ascended the throne, the power of the government was still in the hands of Shi Miyuan.From Song Lizong, we can see how a young man with a deep city can hide his strength and bide his time, knowing how to survive in a complex political environment.Before and after Shi Miyuan's death, there were many people who wrote to impeach him, but Song Lizong ignored them, because he knew that denying Shi Miyuan, who had single-handedly supported him, was denying himself. In October of the sixth year of Shaoding (1233), Shi Miyuan, who had been prime minister for 26 years, finally died of illness. Song Lizong, who had been silent for ten years, began to take charge of the government. The next year was changed to the first year of Duanping to show the change of Yuan.Although Song Lizong tried his best to protect Shi Miyuan and did not allow ministers to write letters to criticize Shi Miyuan's right and wrong, he expelled his party members mercilessly. Yuan Shao, Liang Chengda, Mo Ze, Li Zhixiao and others who flattered Shi Miyuan were all deposed.It can be seen that although Song Lizong was born in the common people, he was extremely politically minded. This should be the fundamental reason why he was able to secure the throne after the death of his backer Shi Miyuan.Song Lizong also appointed Zheng Qingzhi as his prime minister, and recalled talented Zhen Dexiu, Wei Liaoweng, Li Yan, Hong Zikui and others who had been squeezed out and failed in time. During the Duanping period, Song Lizong adopted a series of reform measures, involving politics, economy, military affairs, culture and other aspects, known as "Duanping Changhua" in history.The court of the Southern Song Dynasty rectified the improper election of officials and superfluous personnel, and rectified the private purchase of floating salt and excessive issuance of Chu coins in the financial aspect. However, the leveling change has had little effect.Among the courtiers who entered the court, Zhen Dexiu was the most hopeless. People in the court and the opposition thought that as long as he entered the court, he could achieve peace.After he entered the court and participated in politics, he only regarded respecting Taoism as a major event, and did not make much contribution to national affairs.The other ministers are roughly similar.There are indeed talents, but they cannot be used because of indecent appointments.Only six months after Wei Liaoweng entered the court, he was expelled from the foreign supervisor, and the supervisor did not deal with the anti-Mongolian three months before he was recalled and changed to the prefect.Fang Dacong, Wang Mai, Liu Kezhuang and others were deposed because of their words.The administration of officials and Yanchu did not improve, and Bianluo, who was sent out as a teacher, also ended up failing due to lack of preparation.From the second year of Duanping (1235), Mongolia aggressively attacked south.The Song Dynasty did not repair war preparations for a long time, and the war broke out and was not handled well, so that Sichuan, Shu, Xianghan, and Jianghuai lost their cities and lands one after another.In March of the first year of Jiaxi (1237), Song Lizong issued an imperial edict to admit that since the reform, internal governance is still lacking and external troubles have not been resolved.Duanping changes tend to go bankrupt. Let me mention here again Empress Lizong of Song Xie Daoqing, she is the most famous empress dowager in the history of the Southern Song Dynasty. The surrender form, which is said in the poem, "The courtier has written the surrender form, and the concubine signed Xie Daoqing".If you apply the saying of the king of subjugation, Xie Daoqing is the queen mother of subjugation. Xie Daoqing, a native of Tiantai (now Tiantai, Zhejiang).Grandfather Xie Shenfu used to be a prime minister, and made great efforts in Song Ningzong's making Yang's queen.However, by the time of Xie Daoqing, due to the early death of his father Xie Qubo, the Xie family's family fortune had already fallen.After Song Lizong ascended the throne, Empress Dowager Yang (Empress Ningzong of Song Dynasty) suddenly remembered that Xie Shenfu's great kindness had not been repaid, so she sent someone to take Xie Daoqing into the palace, preparing to make her the Queen of Song Lizong. It was said that Xie Daoqing was ugly, dark and ugly, and he was blind in one eye.However, on the way to Lin'an, Xie Daoqing suddenly became seriously ill, his skin was covered with rashes, and all the epidermis fell off. After recovering from the illness, he became a beautiful woman "as white as jade".The Xie family invited a doctor of traditional Chinese medicine to treat the sick eye, and Xie Daoqing's blind eye also miraculously recovered. After Xie Daoqing entered the palace, he was first conferred the title of Mrs. Tongyi County, and then a noble concubine.In December of the third year of Shaoding (1230), a queen was established.At that time, Xie Daoqing's fellow Tiantai native, Mrs. Jia, had also been selected into the palace.Jia's appearance is beautiful, "with a special color", Song Lizong liked her very much, and wanted to make Jia the queen.But Empress Dowager Yang resolutely opposed it, and insisted on establishing Xie Daoqing as the queen, saying: "Thank you for being a daughter-in-law, you are blessed, and she should be in the palace." There were also discussions in the court, saying: "If you don't establish a real empress, you should establish a fake (Jia) empress? " Song Lizong had no choice but to make Xie Daoqing the queen and Jia the noble concubine. Although Xie Daoqing was able to become a queen, due to Song Lizong's dissatisfaction with "arranged marriages", she never won the favor of her husband in her life, and naturally she had no children.Song Lizong's favorite woman is still Concubine Jia.After Concubine Jia died of illness, Song Lizong favored Concubine Yan again, and even used the treasury to build the Gongde Temple for Concubine Yan, which was more magnificent than the Gongde Temple of Zhao's ancestors.Song Lizong also called Tang An'an, a famous prostitute in Lin'an, into the palace to have a good fortune.After the living man Mou Zicai learned about it, he specially wrote a letter to warn him. Song Lizong actually sent someone to warn Mou Zicai not to tell others about the prostitution.Fortunately, Xie Daoqing can "handle with ease and don't mind a little bit" about these things.She raised her nephew Zhao Yu (sound qi, Tongqi) in the palace, and Zhao Yu was Song Duzong. In the first year of Kaiqing (1259), the Mongolian army invaded the Southern Song Dynasty on a large scale and surrounded Ezhou (now Wuchang, Hubei), which was likely to go eastward along the Yangtze River and wipe out the Southern Song Dynasty.The court of the Southern Song Dynasty panicked, and the eunuch Dong Songchen suggested to Song Lizong to move the capital from Lin'an to Siming (now Ningbo, Zhejiang) to avoid the Mongolian army.Xie Daoqing resolutely opposed moving the capital, and said to Song Lizong: "If the capital is moved, the morale of the army and the people will inevitably be shaken, and the consequences will be disastrous." Song Lizong did not move the capital.This is the first time that Xie Daoqing participated in the government affairs recorded in the history books.After that, Xie Daoqing took the lead in trying his best to save money and used military supplies, showing an open-minded demeanor of taking the overall situation into consideration. In the fifth year of Jingding (1264), Song Lizong died of illness, and sixteen-year-old Zhao Yu came to the throne as Song Duzong, respecting Xie Daoqing as the empress dowager.Dictatorship by Prime Minister Jia Sidao (brother of Concubine Jia).Jia Sidao only knows sensuality, and has the title of Prime Minister Cricket in history, which makes the government dim.Xiangyang was besieged by the Yuan army for two years. The situation was critical, but he concealed it and did not send troops to reinforce it.Seeing that the Southern Song Dynasty was dying, Empress Dowager Xie felt worried and angry, but there was nothing she could do. In July of the tenth year of Xianchun (1274), Song Duzong died of illness. Zhao Xian (from the Quan family of Queen Song Duzong), who was only three years old, came to the throne as the son of Song Gong. He respected Xie Daoqing as the empress dowager.Because Emperor Song Gong was young and unable to preside over the government, Xie Daoqing listened to the government behind the curtain after "repeated invitations by ministers", but the power of the government was still in the hands of Jia Sidao. At that time, the Mongolian army had already occupied Xiangyang and Ezhou, and was heading east along the Yangtze River.Xie Daoqing hurriedly ordered Jia Sidao to lead 130,000 Song troops to meet the enemy. As a result, Jia Sidao was defeated by the Mongolian army in Dingjiazhou (now Wuhu, Anhui), and the main force of the Southern Song Dynasty was completely lost.Jia Sidao's defeat hurts the country, the government and the public are shaken, and the crowd is excited.Prime Minister Chen Yizhong asked Jia Sidao to be killed to thank the world. Xie Daoqing considered that Jia Sidao was the younger brother of Concubine Jia and a fellow from Taizhou, so he dismissed Jia Sidao from office and exiled him. Zhao and Rui Zao, the patriarchal Fu Wangs, hated Jia Sidao for arbitrarily dominating the country and secretly recruiting officials to kill Jia Sidao on the way.Zheng Huchen, a county captain in Kuaiji (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), wanted to take revenge because his father had been framed by Jia Sidao and sent him to prison.When Jia Sidao went to the demotion office, he was accompanied by dozens of concubines, but Zheng Huchen managed to drive them away.Along the way, Zheng Huchen kept humiliating Jia Sidao, removed the sedan chair cover of Jia Sidao's sedan chair, and exposed him to the sun.When he arrived at the Mumian Nunnery in Zhangzhou, Fujian, Zheng Huchen asked Jia Sidao to commit suicide to thank the world.Jia Sidao said: "The empress dowager promised me not to die, and I will die if there is an order." Zheng Huchen then dragged Jia Sidao into the toilet and killed him.But Zheng Huchen was immediately arrested and killed by Prime Minister Chen Yizhong. After the Mongolian army took advantage of the momentum and drove eastward, most officials in the Southern Song Dynasty were afraid of death, and many people secretly abandoned their officials and fled.Xie Daoqing had no choice but to order people to post a notice in the court hall: "How difficult my family and my heir are... The officials on the inside left for a time, and the officials on the outside abandoned the city, taking refuge and stealing a life, what should I do?" Those who escaped from the country will be reported by the censor after finding out the situation.But the courtiers didn't take state affairs to heart at all.Xie Daoqing had no choice but to order the tightening of national expenditures and the reduction of redundant officials to help the military; he also issued a mourning edict, calling on all soldiers and civilians to serve the king. However, at this time, the general trend of the Southern Song Dynasty was gone, and civil and military generals everywhere were waiting to see, and only Wen Tianxiang and Zhang Shijie were ordered to raise troops to serve the king.Wen Tianxiang, Zhang Shijie and others advocated a decisive battle with the Yuan army, but Chen Yizhong, the prime minister, wanted to pay tribute to Mongolia for peace.Xie Daoqing finally agreed to negotiate a peace. She first sent Liu Yue and three others to the camp of the Yuan army, offered to propose the humiliating condition of being called a nephew or a grandson and accepting coins, and asked the Yuan Dynasty to stop the troops to negotiate a peace, but was rejected by the Yuan army coach Boyan.Xiang Yuan's request to "make it a small country according to the table" was also rejected by Boyan.Xie Daoqing saw that the general situation was gone, and knew that there was no hope of returning to heaven, so he appointed Song Duzong's eldest son Zhao Shi (sound shi, the same name) as the king of Yi and left the town of Fuzhou; Song Song Duzong's third son Zhao Bing (sound bing, Tongbing) As the king of Guang, he came out of Quanzhou.By doing this, she naturally wanted to leave a trace of blood for Mrs. Zhao. In the first month of the second year of Deyou (1276), the Mongolian army led by Prime Minister Boyan of the Yuan Dynasty gathered at Lin'an City.Prime Minister Chen Yizhong asked Xie Daoqing to escape from Lin'an.Xie Daoqing firmly disagreed at first, Chen Yizhong repeatedly asked, Xie Daoqing reluctantly agreed.What's ridiculous is that when it was time to get ready to leave, Chen Yizhong and the others had already disappeared.Xie Daoqing was so angry that she issued the last edict of appointment in her life: appoint Wen Tianxiang as the right prime minister and privy envoy, responsible for negotiating with the Yuan army.However, when Wen Tianxiang went to the Mongolian army camp to negotiate, he was detained by Yuan army coach Boyan.Xie Daoqing had no choice but to surrender in Kaesong, presenting the Imperial Treasure Seal and the Surrender Table to Boyan. Afterwards, Boyan, the commander-in-chief of the Yuan army, obtained Xie Daoqing's personal edict, which was used to recruit the states and counties that were still in the hands of the Song army. Li Tingzhi was captured and killed, and Huaidong was completely occupied by the Yuan army. After the Yuan army entered Lin'an, they escorted Emperor Song Gong and other Southern Song monarchs to Dadu (now Beijing).Xie Daoqing was in bed due to illness, so he temporarily stayed in Lin'an, under the supervision of Yuan Bing.But soon after, the Yuan army forcibly carried her out of the palace and escorted her to Dadu. According to the "Yongle Dadian", among the captured concubines was a talented woman named Wang Qinghui in Zhaoyi. She felt the great changes in the country and the pain of subjugation. When passing through the Yishan post station in Bianliang, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, she wrote a song "Man Jianghong":