Chapter 36 9. Zhang Hongfan destroyed the Song Dynasty with singing as the number

After Zhang Hongfan captured Wen Tianxiang in Wupoling, while forcing him to surrender, he led 500 large and small warships and about 20,000 troops to pursue Zhao Bing, the young emperor of Song Dynasty, from the sea.When they arrived at Jiazimen, they learned from the captured Song army that Lord Song was in Yashan, so they led 300 warships to rush to Yashan. On the way, 200 warships lost their way due to navigation, and the Yamen naval battle officially started. Yashan is located at the southern end of a large island in the south coast of Xinhui County, Guangdong today. It strangles the harbor in the north, controls the sea in the south, and faces Tangping Mountain and Yinzhou Lake (now Xinhui South) in the west. It is a place where irregular semi-diurnal tides invade . "Every time a strong wind blows from the south, water flows in from overseas, and the raging waves rush, surging like mountains", and there are tides in half a day.The trees on the island are green and dense with pines and cypresses.

At this time, Zhang Shijie still had about 200,000 troops and more than a thousand warships. When he heard that Wen Tianxiang was detained, he was shocked and said: "How could Prime Minister Wen be detained? This is God's intention to lose my right arm." After finishing speaking, Weeping unceasingly, the ministers immediately discussed the countermeasures. Su Liuyi first said: "The Yuan army came from a long journey, with few soldiers and large ships, and the waterways were sparse, so it was difficult for the boatmen to advance and retreat. Most of the Yuan army was from the north, which was not conducive to water warfare. Our army should work hard and fight head-on when they first arrive. , will definitely win."

Zhang Shijie said: "The Yuan army attacked bravely with a victorious division, and our troops could not stop it. It would be better if the two palaces were still temporarily stationed in the boat to prepare for any eventuality." He was in danger, so he had to fight the enemy to the death, so he followed Zhang Shijie. Zhang Da said: "If the Yuan army blocks the mouth of Yamen with warships, our army will not be able to advance or retreat. We should occupy this place first to meet the enemy! Fortunately, it is a blessing for the country to win; even if it is unfortunate to lose, we can still go west. .”

Zhang Shijie said: "Our army has been fighting at sea for a long time, and the soldiers are centrifugal. Once the army leaves, the soldiers will disperse. Therefore, we should all retreat to the sea, and use big iron chains to connect the 'Huanghu', 'White Harrier' and other large and small warships. , as a "one-character array", across the cliff sea from east to west, and lock the river. The stern of our warship is higher than the bow, so we will turn the bow inward and the stern outward, so as to fight from a high position; The wooden fences and sheds formed a huge castle in the water, where the emperor and civil servants lived in it, and the soldiers guarded and protected them day and night, so they could be foolproof."

When the generals heard this, they adopted Jiaoshan's old defense method, so most of them disagreed, saying, "Once the enemy attacks with fire, what will our army do?" Zhang Shijie said: "I have a solution! We can paint the ship with mud, tie long wooden poles to resist the enemy's fire, and withdraw the banners and sails from the ship. Even if he has rockets, there is nothing he can do! Besides, our troops have been rushing to the sea year after year. Why? The time is too late, why don't you take advantage of this to have a showdown with the Yuan army, if you win, the country will be blessed, if you lose, you will die together!"

When everyone saw what he said, they couldn't say anything more. Seeing that everyone was silent, Zhang Shijie calmed down and said: "Defense is still necessary. Due to the fierce tide in the Haikou area, it is inconvenient to station a large army. One thousand medium-sized warships can be sent to guard. The army must be moored at the foot of the mountains on both sides. Keep a close watch on the enemy army; send another thousand cruisers to patrol outside the perimeter all day long, so there will be no worries." All the generals agreed with this approach. Therefore, the ministers prepared the Luanyu, packed up the harem jewels and concubines, and moved dozens of large and small carts to the boat again.

After Zhang Shijie saw the two palaces set off, he ordered his soldiers to surround the palace and set fires on all sides, suddenly and violently, immediately burning the palace to nothing, turning it into a field of rubble, and then returned to the boat.When Zhang Shijie entered the cabin and saw Emperor Bing, all the officials asked in amazement: "Why did you burn the palace?" Zhang Shijie calmly replied: "What's the use of keeping it if you don't burn it? This time we won, our general will Chasing and killing bravely, but also worried that there will be no palace; if we can't win, and this place is not easy to defend, can we still stay in this palace? Besides, if it is not burned, the hearts of the soldiers will not die, how can we fight the enemy to the death?" All the officials sighed silently. endlessly.

Therefore, the entire fleet withdrew from the coast for more than ten miles, and then acted according to Zhang Shijie's method. But Zhang Hongfan was eager to chase at this time, and when he arrived here, there were only more than 50 warships and more than 10,000 soldiers.A few days later, the remaining two hundred or so ships arrived in a hurry.When Zhang Hongfan came to Yashan Pass, he knew the benefits of Haikou at a glance, so he ordered Zhang Hongzheng to lead thirty small boats to go to the entrance first to find out.Zhang Hongzheng led the order to go, but soon returned in a daze, with only six or seven small boats by his side.It turned out that they were intercepted by the Song army guarding Haikou as soon as they arrived in Haikou. After a fight, Zhang Hongzheng fled back to the Chinese army, and the rest were intercepted by the guards on both sides of the cliff with boats and people.

Zhang Hongfan listened, bowed his head for a long time, thinking about the strategy to defeat the enemy, suddenly raised his brows, made up his mind, ordered the three armies to arrange the warships in a swallow tail formation, and parked outside the cliff mountain, and secretly passed the order to all armies.When the tide was rising in the middle of the night, only the sound of a trumpet was heard, and two lines of warships rushed into the sea mouth together, taking advantage of the tide.Seeing the ferocious approach of the Yuan army, the Song army guarding Haikou rushed up and fought with their lives.But at this time, the Yuan army was following the trend of the tide, and the Song army was fighting against the tide, which was already at a disadvantage; in addition, the warships of the Yuan army were all large ships. Compared with these large ships, the small ships of the Song army were even more invaluable. It can be profitable; the Yuan army rushed to the entrance, but refused to fight with the Song army. It just rushed forward, like the Mongols hunting. The word array unexpectedly surrounded the warships guarding Haikou of the Song Army all at once, and wrapped them in a tight encirclement.The Song warships were hit and sunk quite a bit, and now they are surrounded by them again. From top to bottom, a rain of arrows and cannonballs killed all the Song troops. Without a single survivor, all the thousand warships returned to Yuan. The army has it all.

At this time, although Zhang Shijie received rescue, he had no choice but to connect with the big ship and was unable to fight. The patrol ship was too small to face the enemy, so he had to go with him. After a few days of rest and seeing that the rest of the troops had arrived, Zhang Hongfan swung his army around from the east, turned to the Yamen Haikou in the south and entered, confronted the Song army, and formed a "long snake formation" to fight the Song army's "one word". Array".At the same time, they quietly carried artillery to set up a camp on the cliff mountain, and bombarded the Emperor Song ship from the camp on the mountain. However, long-distance attacks were ineffective, and the Song ship was solid and immovable. Oil, rushed to the Song formation along the north wind, trying to hook the Song ship and set fire to it, attempting to burn down the Song army's serial ship formation in one fell swoop, and at the same time sent strong crossbowmen to shoot with rockets.But Zhang Shijie was on guard against this move. The exterior of the warship was rubbed with sea mud, so the fire could not be burned. The outpost ship was also tied with long wooden poles, so that the ship that could withstand the arsonist could not approach, and many water canisters were hung to put out the fire.Zhang Hongfan's fire attack could not succeed, and he was helpless for a while, the battle was at a stalemate.

Zhang Hongfan switched to psychological warfare and surrender tactics.Zhang Shijie used to be a sergeant under Zhang Hongfan's father Zhang Rou, when his nephew Han Xin was still in the Yuan army.Zhang Hongfan sent Han Xin to Songying to persuade his uncle to surrender.The three surrenders were resolutely rejected. In the end, Zhang Shijie couldn't bear it any longer. He pointed at Han Xin's nose and scolded: "I know that surrender can save your life, make you rich and prosperous, but can people disregard righteousness? Tell Zhang Hongfan that I am a Han Chinese." , I have made up my mind to die for Song, and I will never live like him!" Han Xin was so ashamed that he felt ashamed, and left angrily.Zhang Hongfan turned to Wen Tianxiang again, trying to kill two birds with one stone, not only to induce Wen Tianxiang to surrender, but also to use Prime Minister Wen's prestige in the Song army to disintegrate the Song army.He sent Li Heng to persuade Wen Tianxiang to write a letter to Zhang Shijie, urging him to surrender as soon as possible.But Wen Tianxiang didn't write it, and said righteously: "I can't save my parents (referring to the Song Dynasty), can I teach people to betray their parents?" With the pen and paper of the book, I wrote the poem "Seven Laws Crossing Lingding Ocean" that was written when I was escorted on the boat when I passed Lingdingyang in the Pearl River Estuary: This poem fully expresses Wen Tianxiang's heroic spirit of seeing death as home.Zhang Hongfan could only stop with a wry smile, and called it "a good man and a good poem". The Yuan army yelled loudly at Song Fang Shimin on the boat, saying that your Prime Minister Chen Yizhong has absconded (referring to November 1277 when Chen Yizhong arrived in Champa and never returned), and that Prime Minister Wen Tianxiang was captured.There is only one dead end for stubborn resistance!The Song army was not bewitched, and none of the scholars and people rebelled. They stood firm all day long, and the Yuan army had nothing to do. At this time, the warships reinforced by the Yuan army arrived one after another on the sea surface of Yashan.Li Heng also led troops from Guangzhou along the waterway, and the strength of the Yuan army increased greatly.That night, Zhang Hongfan led the generals to climb the cliff mountain again. They carefully observed the ups and downs of the tide and discussed the strategy of defeating the enemy. Li Heng said: "Marshal, why don't we cut off the Song army's "Qiaoji Road" and cut off their fresh water supply, so that they will collapse without fighting in a few days?" Zhang Hongfan said: "Our warships are all big ships with a deep waterline. Once the tide goes out, they will run aground here. The enemy troops come in and out when the tide is low and our army is retreating, so there is nothing we can do about it." Li Heng said: "Oh, this problem is easy to handle. Among the more than 100 warships I brought this time, more than 50 are "Batu" ships (sentinel ships). The operations are fast and flexible, and they will be able to successfully cut off the Song warships. Only the supply of firewood and fresh water from Yashan." Zhang Hongfan was overjoyed when he heard that, and immediately ordered Li Heng to do so immediately.Suddenly, he came up with a plan and called all the generals to make arrangements like this. The generals were overjoyed and went back to the boat to act according to the plan. Since then, more than 50 sentry ships of the Yuan army have been stationed between the Song army and Yashan, cutting off the Song army's way to draw water; Zhang Hongzheng is also seen leading an army to guard Haikou, so as to cut off the Song army's road to transport food. ; Every day during the meal, the sergeants would cover the hull with wet felts and curtains, have a feast and drink, and play fine music in unison, as if they would be stationed here for a long time; When he was about to fight, he turned around again, and the stalemate lasted for more than ten days. This siege panicked Zhang Shijie. It turned out that although Zhang Shijie stationed troops at sea and stored food for half a year, he couldn't store more fresh water.More than ten days have passed, and the draft of the sergeant has become a big problem.Originally, people were sent to draw water from the small river in the north of Yashan every day to ensure the supply, but now Zhang Hongfan was cut off, and Li Heng led heavy troops to guard, and there was a sudden water shortage in the army.You know, if there is water in the sea, there is hope for life. How can there be more than 100,000 soldiers without water?The soldiers could only eat dry food with thirsty mouth. Zhang Hongfan was not irritable, he just held banquets and played music in the camp every day. This was a pain for the soldiers of the Song army. They swallowed dry food for more than ten days, and their mouths were dry. Many soldiers quenched their thirst with sea water, their faces were swollen, and they vomited and diarrhea. .Seeing it was impossible, Zhang Shijie had no choice but to send Su Liuyi and Fang Xing to lead the soldiers to grab water, but they were overwhelmed by Li Heng's army, causing countless casualties. On the first day of February, Chen Bao, the commander of the Song army, was forced to surrender.Seeing that the siege was almost over, Zhang Hongfan held a pre-war staff meeting on the 4th. At the meeting, all the generals brainstormed and discussed strategies to defeat the enemy. Zhang Hongfan first said: "This commander plans to go to battle tomorrow. In this battle, our army plans to adopt the strategy of 'catch the turtle in the urn'. We want the Song army to have nowhere to go and wipe them out on the spot, so as to complete the task of complete annihilation as soon as possible." Zhang Hongzheng said: "Then surround them on all sides, seize the fact that they are connected together and cannot stop, attack from all sides, and bombard them with artillery!" Several generals agreed. Zhang Hongfan said: "Once the artillery breaks through the ship formation, the enemy troops will disperse and flee in all directions. This is not conducive to our army's purpose of annihilation on the spot. Therefore, I advocate that we still attack ship-to-ship and face-to-face." Li Heng said: "Although we have already surrounded the enemy, the Song army can advance and retreat with the tide, so our army is most suitable for a quick attack. Otherwise, the opponent can escape by the strong wind and tide, and our army will be exhausted." Zhang Hongfan said: "It's easy to say. The reason why we ate and played music at noon in the previous stage, hanging curtains and wet felts, is here. Our general offensive this time is not called by the sound of guns, but by singing. It is a general attack, so that the enemy can be paralyzed and the attack can be launched suddenly." "Okay!" The generals responded. Finally, Zhang Hongfan set up the formation one by one. "General Li Heng led the headquarters ships to attack from the north and northwest; Zhang Hongzheng led the fleet into two groups, attacking from the south and southwest; Lu Shikui and Alhaya joined forces to attack from the east The focus of our army's attack is on the south. This is because firstly, it is to use the rapid tide to break through heavily, and secondly, to prevent the Song army from fleeing from Haikou. Therefore, the Song army must attack quickly and do not let them run away. This The direction will be fought by me personally! Those who disobey the order will be beheaded." The staff meeting didn't finish until late at night. At this time, it began to rain lightly, the sky was overcast, and a black air appeared on the west side of the mountain. Zhang Hongfan said with a smile, "This is a good omen!" At dawn the next day, Li Heng's corps took advantage of the early tide to recede, and went southward with the current. Zhang Shijie was shocked when he saw the soldiers in the boat. Tired, dizzy sitting there, but how can they be called to fight?He had no choice but to draw out his sharp sword and urge these weakened soldiers to resist desperately. The fierce artillery fire and dense bows and arrows from both sides covered the sky.Li Heng ordered the stern of the ship to be turned upside down, facing the Song army, and the stern of the ship was high, which was beneficial for the soldiers to fight with it.In advance, a shooting fence was set up at the stern of the ship, and seven or eight archers were deployed on it to shoot arrows.The two engines fought fiercely all morning, evenly matched, and neither of them made a profit. At noon, the tide rose sharply, and Li Heng's warship was pushed back by the tide. Due to the strict resistance of the Song army, the Yuan army was unable to advance, and the attack came to a slight halt.However, Zhang Hongzheng rushed all the way from the south on the high tide.Zhang Shijie hurriedly mobilized troops from the north to rescue the south.Zhang Hongzheng and Li Heng took turns to attack from the north to the south. The Song army faced the enemy from the front and back, and they were exhausted. However, the battle was more heroic. It was past noon, and Zhang Hongfan ordered Jin to withdraw his troops. Cover the hull. Zhang Shijie was also afraid that the Yuan army would come to attack, so he hurriedly ordered the sergeant to quickly pass on the lunch, while paying attention to prevent the Yuan army from attacking when the lunch was unprepared.After a while, the tide was rising at noon, and Zhang Shijie was relieved only when he heard bursts of music coming from Zhang Hongfan's army.All the sergeants were used to hearing it, and knowing that it was Zhang Hongfan's luncheon, everyone felt relieved to have lunch. But the sound of music is Zhang Hongfan's pre-agreed signal for a full-scale attack.When Song Jun was enjoying his meal, he suddenly heard the high-pitched music, and the Sheng and Xiao were loud and clear.Suddenly, the four armies of the Yuan army suddenly withdrew their barriers, and the warships rode the tide to fight towards the Song camp.The poor soldiers of the Song army were so panicked that they threw bowls and chopsticks, fumbled for knives and guns to fight.But this time the Yuan army's approach was much more ferocious than the previous one. Those sergeants all charged forward and risked their lives to jump over the Song army's warships to fight with the Song army.In an instant, the sound of cannons and shouts of killing shook the sky, the sound of drums, wailing, screams, waves, bows and arrows, swords and swords were intertwined, and bows, crossbows, stone cannons and artillery were fired on the gray cliff sea. Arrows and stones flew, and smoke filled the air.Wen Tianxiang, who was imprisoned on a Yuan army ship to watch the battle, witnessed the whole process of this shocking, tragic and fierce sea battle, and wrote the poem "February 6th, the sea battle, the country's affairs are not good, and the lonely minister Tianxiang sits in the north boat and mourns to the south. Cry, Poetry for It", which describes the scene at that time like this: When the two armies were fighting fiercely, suddenly, someone shouted: "You Marshal Zhang is dead. If you don't surrender, how long will you wait?" Then the Yuan army was heard shouting everywhere.The soldiers of the Song Army heard this, but they didn't know the truth. They were frightened out of their wits and caught off guard. They were all killed by Yuan soldiers and went into the sea. However, it is said that the big boat of Emperor Bing and the civil servants is in front of the Chinese army, and the big boat of the emperor's concubine and palace concubines is in the rear of the Chinese army.Now when Lu Xiufu saw that Yuan soldiers were approaching Di Bing's big boat, the big boat was chained by a row of 500 boats, and he couldn't untie it for a while, and it was too late to escape.Lu Xiufu had no choice but to force his wife to jump into the sea to die. However, he ran into the Shenzhou boat two steps at a time, grabbed the middle cabin, picked up Zhao Bing, who was only eight years old, and threw himself into the sea to die for his country.Many people in the harem also committed suicide by jumping into the sea with the treasures in their pockets, and the ministers were martyred one after another. Zhang Shijie couldn't find Emperor Bing, so he and Su Liuyi and his son cut off the big iron chain connecting the warships, led 16 big boats, protected Empress Dowager Yang and others, broke through the encirclement through the fog and chaos, and rushed out of the cliff gate to escape. The battle that day was very brutal. "Song History" records: Seven days later, more than 100,000 corpses floated into the sea. A few days later, Zhang Shijie returned to Yashan under the order of Empress Dowager Yang, recruited soldiers scattered along the coast, and planned to regroup.He also proposed to Empress Dowager Yang that the descendants of the Zhao family should establish a monarch. The queen mother knew that Di Bing was dead, so she couldn't suppress her grief, and she covered her chest with her hands and cried loudly: "The slaves who have endured death and drifted here for several years are still in their ears for a piece of Zhao's flesh." , now there is no hope!" So taking advantage of people's unpreparedness, he also jumped into the sea and died.In a hurry, Zhang Shijie buried her hastily on the seashore of Yashan. When Su Liuyi and others saw that both Emperor Bing and Empress Dowager Yang were dead, they all asked Zhang Shijie for advice.Zhang Shijie planned to go to Champa and then seek revival.Soon after the ship was hit by a hurricane, Zhang Shijie and others also drowned under the heavy wind and rain at the foot of Pingzhang Mountain (approximately in the sea opposite Hailing Island in the southwest of Yangjiang City, Guangdong Province). When Zhang Hongfan exterminated Zhang Shijie and returned to his teacher, he carved a stone mark on Yashan: "This is where Zhang Hongfan of the Great Yuan Dynasty destroyed Song Dynasty!" to show his achievements, and it still exists today. This battle was the last battle of the Yuan Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty.In this battle, the Yuan army adopted the tactics of controlling Haikou and cutting off its waterways; encircling the sea on all sides, cleverly using the tide to attack;The Song army was afraid of splitting up the troops and strangling Haikou, the army's morale would be slackened, and it would lose its position. In addition, it was limited by the tactics of focusing on defense and not attacking, and it would lose its favorable opportunity, resulting in a disastrous defeat.