Chapter 22 2. The sea is inclusive of all rivers and rivers, tolerance is death

If we turn the history one page forward, we will find that when the Gongsun family and the Yan State occupied Liaodong, their relationship with Goguryeo was very tense, and wars were often needed to resolve territorial and ethnic conflicts; but the Wei State replaced the Gongsun family, After the former Qin replaced the former Yan, the relationship between the Liaodong area and Goguryeo tended to ease.The reason is that the Gongsun family and the Yan State were small but strong, and they wanted to compete with Goguryeo for living space, so the relationship was tense; the Wei State and the former Qin Dynasty both unified the north, and Liaodong was not the focus, so the relationship with Goguryeo eased.

On the Liaodong issue, the former Qin Dynasty adopted a diplomatic strategy of relaxation rather than conquest by force. There are three main reasons: First, Xianbei and Goguryeo are feuds, especially Murong Yanguo and Goguryeo, almost to the point where life and death cannot be tolerated.The enemy of the enemy is my friend. When the former Qin eradicated the former Yan, it was equivalent to removing Goguryeo's most hated opponent. Goguryeo's attitude towards the former Qin was naturally much more submissive.After the fall of Qianyan, Murong Ping, the water seller, fled to Goguryeo, but was escorted back to the country by the Goguryeo people. He gave Qianqin a big favor and proclaimed himself a minister to Fu Jian.

Second, the Gongsun family and the former Yan both made their fortunes in Liaodong, and Liaodong is the lifeblood of these two regimes, so Goguryeo must not be allowed to show off its might and expand its power in its own rear; while the ruling centers of Wei and Qianqin are both in the Yellow River Basin of the Central Plains However, Liaodong is just a state on the northeast border, and its status is far less important than that of the Central Plains.That is to say, although Fu Jian and Wang Meng both realized that Liaodong is the hub and key to dominate Northeast Asia, in their view, only by becoming the master of the Central Plains is the real achievement of establishing immortality, dominating Northeast Asia and conquering the minority in the surrounding areas. The nation, that is the next step after the unification of the world.

Third, although the former Qin Dynasty was powerful, it was precisely because of its rapid expansion that internal class conflicts, ethnic conflicts caused by conquest, and the long-standing Hu-Han hatred were not well resolved. The country needs a period of time to recuperate, especially a stable and peaceful surrounding environment to resolve internal conflicts.As for Fu Jian's tolerant ethnic policy, he does not intend to conquer everything with a butcher's knife like Ran Min; he believes that his tolerance and acceptance will make those rebellious ethnic minorities grateful and submit to him.

The friendly relationship between the former Qin Dynasty and Goguryeo is also reflected in cultural and religious exchanges. In 372 A.D., the second year after Goguryeo Little Beast King came to the throne, Qin King Fu Jian sent envoys to escort eminent monks, Buddhist scriptures, and Buddha statues to Goguryeo, and Buddhism was introduced to the Korean peninsula.Little Beast Lin Wang attached great importance to the former Qin mission. He not only greeted them in person at a place called Provincial Gate, but also used these Buddhist classics to educate the noble children.This semi-religious, semi-cultural move was actually a peaceful diplomacy conducted by Fu Jian. On the one hand, he expressed a friendly gesture to Goguryeo, and on the other hand, he also hoped that Buddhism can educate the Goguryeo people who have always been rebellious.

Perhaps because he felt that the political significance of this visit was too strong, rather than a purely academic exchange, he took the opportunity to avoid preaching Buddhism in Goguryeo.It can be seen that the ancients realized long ago that when academics are covered with administrative cloaks, the original meaning of academics will be lost. There was once a post that started with a story about how an ancient temple in the Central Plains tried its best to make money, benefited the monks, and went around to promote itself. At the end of the post, it gave people a picture of a contemporary ascetic monk who strictly abides by the teachings, eats and sleeps in the open, and preaches for alms. screen.The former is understandable, while the latter is awe-inspiring.

In this materialistic world, maintaining a pure heart is a precious thing. However, Buddhism was actually introduced to the Korean peninsula much earlier.Because the Lelang area was deeply influenced by Han culture, many unknown monks traveled to the Korean Peninsula by sea. The Eastern Jin Dynasty eminent monk Zhi Dun (a friend of Xie An) sent an introduction to another eminent monk Zhu Fashen to the monks far away in Goguryeo. letter. This shows that before going to Goguryeo, many monks had already preached and taught on the Korean peninsula.Some people in the Korean peninsula also believe in Buddhism, so monks will stay and live there.However, Buddhism at that time was not officially recognized and promoted, but was only spread among the people in private.

Whether it is economy or culture, it always develops first among the people.Under the guidance of survival, needs and interests, the relationship between the Central Plains and Northeast Asia centered on the Korean Peninsula has become increasingly close.This is like the cultural relics carried by Nanhai No. 1 a few years ago. Most of them are not the exquisite porcelain of the Southern Song Dynasty that people expected, but ordinary export porcelain.What does this mean?It shows that the Maritime Silk Road no longer exists to provide luxuries for princes and nobles, but has turned to a more popular direction.

Two years later, another eminent monk, A Dao, also came to Goguryeo.King Xiaoshoulin specially built Xiaomen Temple for Shun Dao, and built Flan Temple for A Dao, for them to preach scriptures and sermons.During the reign of King Gwanggaeto, nine monasteries had been built in Pyongyang, and Buddhism began to spread widely in the Korean peninsula. In 383 AD, the Battle of Feishui broke out between the former Qin and the Eastern Jin.Did heroes make history, or did history precede heroes? Regardless of national differences, both sides of the war, whether it is Fu Jian, Fu Rong, Murong Chui, Yao Chang, or Xie An, Huan Yi, Xie Xuan, and Liu Laozhi, are all heroes of that era. People have left behind popular allusions such as throwing the whip and cutting off the flow, the grass and trees are all soldiers, the wind is rumbling, the children have defeated the enemy, etc., and they have also written a historical picture of generosity, heroism, and long songs.

The process of the battle of Feishui has been written many times by many people: the handsome and capable Fu Rong died in the rebellious army; the 200,000 elites of the former Qin Dynasty were all sacrificed; Fight to fame.The Battle of Feishui changed the course of Chinese history.The Han regime in the south was able to continue because of this accidental victory, but the former Qin Dynasty in the north was shaken because of this defeat—contradictions between classes, ethnic groups, and nobles erupted like volcanoes, creating a powerful and vast land. The empire collapsed and fell into chaos again.

Fu Jian was born at an untimely time. His talent, mind, and charm are not inferior to Emperor Guangwu of the Han Dynasty and later Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty and Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty. In the era of the most intense collision, his strength and charm alone were not enough to bring about the reunification of the world. It was as if a few strong young men were fighting, just in the middle of a fight, and then the village chief came and tried to persuade them with both kindness and force, saying that everyone should stop and stop, to save face.Well, seeing that the village chief is a decent person, the boys stopped.But has the hatred between them been resolved?No.They have plenty of strength, but they are forcibly suppressed. If anger and hatred cannot be vented, the consequences will be very serious.Therefore, I suggest that everyone, especially gay men, climb mountains when they have nothing to do, play ball, engage in more sports activities, and go to KTV to yell when they are stressed. These are all good ways to vent, so as not to get angry and hurt the body , hindering social harmony. But once the village chief gets old and can't hold the bullet anymore, the boys who have gained enough strength will roll up their sleeves again and continue fighting.Until someone is killed, there is only one strongest person left.Therefore, the strength and short-term unification of the former Qin Dynasty was nothing more than a halftime break. From the perspective of ethnic minorities, whoever has the harder fist is the boss. Appeasement and favor are all bluffing . This reminds me of a general who once guarded the frontier, and the local Hu people refused to accept discipline, so he issued an order: All Hu men who gather with more than three people will be arrested. That said, if you're a local, if you're young and middle-aged, if you happen to meet a few friends your age, if you decide to go to a small restaurant for a few drinks, grill a few skewers, brag and whine , accuse the injustice of fate, well, what awaits you is a pair of shackles and a dark room. Why?First of all, young people are energetic and impulsive; second, drinking and eating skewers are easy to get angry; third, three people form a gang, and the three people's anger and impulsiveness are not added, but cubed.Therefore, three is a very dangerous number. Once it exceeds three, the situation may develop in an uncontrollable direction. In order to prevent problems before they happen, the general decided to dismantle the three. As long as you are alone, you will be fine, and it is unlikely to cause any trouble.Of course, except for those who are full of evil, do all kinds of evil, are vicious, and are extremely vicious. As the saying goes, you can't eat hot tofu in a hurry.Before Wang Meng's death, he reminded Fu Jian that the Eastern Jin Dynasty was not exhausted, and there were still many talents that could not be wiped out all at once; while those Hu tribes in the north, large and small, are our enemies, we must guard against them and eliminate them gradually them. At the beginning, Fu Jian did the same, but the luck of the former Qin Dynasty was so good that the expansion went too smoothly, especially after Wang Meng passed away, Fu Jian became very happy, and there were more people around him who flattered him.As time passed, Fu Jian felt better and better about himself. He felt that the step-by-step progress of capturing Bashu today and Xiangyang tomorrow was too slow, so he wanted to have a big battle, a decisive battle. Next, Fu Jian started to make mistakes: Before the battle was fought, they began to build houses for the emperors and ministers of the Eastern Jin Dynasty; Find a group of beautiful baby soldiers as a guard of honor, and treat fighting as a catwalk; The front line is too long, and the coordinated command is too poor. I wanted to attack more, but it became a scattered firepower; Take the elite troops of the Di people to charge, but let the troops of other nationalities watch the fun; ... Needless to say, the result is two words - fiasco. However, if it was just a defeat in a war, Qin Fenghou’s family fortune would not have fallen into crisis; but the problem is that in addition to the mistakes in the war itself, Fu Jian also made many stupid policy tricks——putting nobles of other ethnic groups They all moved to the base camp in Guanzhong, but instead distributed the already small number of Di people to various places, which not only shook the foundation of Guanzhong, but also dispersed the power of the Di people. ... Needless to say, the result is two words - collapse. After the Battle of Feishui, hundreds of thousands of Qin troops were defeated, but Murong Chui's 30,000 troops retreated completely.Not long after, Fu Jian came to join him with more than a thousand gathered cavalry.We can do a simple arithmetic: Murong Chui - 30,000; Fu Jian - more than 1,000; the ratio of troops is 30:1.Therefore, Murong Chui's disciples who followed Murong Chui to the battle were very excited and urged Murong Chui to take advantage of the fire and stab Fu Jian from behind to kill the guy who had destroyed his own country. Murong Chui did not do that. Murong Chui was somewhat moved by Fu Jian's kindness to him over the past ten years.However, after all, this is an era that speaks by strength and cannot let go of an opportunity. Murong Chui's shoulders are not only one's ambition and ambition, but also the hope of the revival of the entire Xianbei Murong Clan.But can he do it right away? The conditions were not yet ripe: first of all, the 30,000 troops in Murong Chui's hands were not necessarily his cronies, but more likely they were assigned to him temporarily before the war.Furthermore, Murongchui is still unable to accurately estimate how much the Battle of Feishui will have on the former Qin Dynasty. He may want to wait and see.Therefore, Murongchui escorted Fu Jian all the way back to Luoyang, and the Qin army who had retreated from various places also gathered in Luoyang one after another, with a number of more than 100,000. Soon, Fu Jian returned to Chang'an with his troops.In order to stabilize the Kanto, he sent Shi Yue to assist Fu PI, Duke of Changle in Yecheng (Fu PI was the eldest son of Fu Jian, and the prince was Fu PI's younger brother and eldest son Fu Hong), and Mao Dang to assist Fu Hui, Duke of Pingyuan, and Zhang Hao in Luoyang. Help Jinyang.The three generals each lead a force to strengthen the defense of these three important places. Murong Chui's son Murong Nong felt that this was a good opportunity, so he suggested to his father to leave Fu Jian and find a reason to set up his own family.Murong Chui also felt that he was very sorry for not killing Fu Jian. If he didn't leave now, he might not have the chance to leave in the future. Once a high-risk person like himself returned to Chang'an, he would most likely be placed under house arrest.He told Fu Jian that the ethnic minorities in Hebei had heard that the army had been defeated, and now they were in panic, so they asked Fu Jian to allow him to lead his troops to appease and worship their ancestors. Murong Chui originally wanted to give it a try, but if Fu Jian refused, he would make another plan.Unexpectedly, Fu Jian, who has always focused on guarding against Murong Chui and used it carefully, agreed.Many people find it unbelievable, but if we look back at Murong Chui’s experience in the former Qin Dynasty, we can find that this person is not an ordinary grandson who can pretend to be a grandson—he has been Jing Zhaoyin for many years honestly (please note that this official position is quite As the mayor of Beijing, not the commander of the Beijing Military Region, he has no military power); honestly serving as a helper, cannon fodder, and cover, his record is neither big nor small; honestly looking at his wife Being asked by Fu Jian to play with him, he didn't respond at all; he obediently obeyed Fu Jian's wishes and supported the decisive battle with the Eastern Jin Dynasty... Anyone who has kept his tail tucked under your eyelids for more than ten years without making a single mistake or even showing off once, you will gradually lose your guard against him.Especially when there was every chance to kill Fu Jian, Murong Chui performed his duties like a loyal minister, and finally returned the military power.I think that when Fu Jian brought more than a thousand people to join Murong Chui, he felt uneasy.But Murong Chui passed his test completely, dispelled Fu Jian's last trace of doubt, and won complete trust. In terms of lurking, Murong Chui's skill is absolutely no less than Yu Zecheng.When the opportunity comes, he knows how to give up; giving up is in exchange for a bigger bargaining chip; this bargaining chip cannot be used until the critical moment.When Fu Jian thought that Murong Chui would continue to be honest as before, Murong Chui played a trick and succeeded. This year, Fu Jian was 45 years old and Murong Chui was 57 years old.If Murong Chui doesn't hurry up, he won't have much time to toss about. Don't think that once Fu Jian leaves, Murong Chui will be able to achieve independence smoothly.Murong Chui's situation is not good at all, it can even be said to be quite bad: First, Fu Jian sent 3,000 troops to "escort" him to Yecheng.It's called escort, but it's actually surveillance.Secondly, those waiting for Murongchui in Yecheng were Changle Duke Fu PI and the famous general Shi Yue.In the end, Murong Chui had only a few sons and nephews he could trust, and he didn't even have an army completely under his command. This is all Murong Chui's possessions after leaving Fu Jian.But he has no fear at all, since he has taken this step, he can only move forward, without hesitation!At this moment, Murong Chui's mood is complicated: If you, Fu Jian, are the real son of heaven and can rule the world, I, Murong Chui, will obediently fight for you; After passing you once, everyone is even. Next, I will go my own way. Don't blame me for being ungrateful! Next, Murong Chui nearly died twice: The first time, it was an assassination. Quan Yi, Fu Jian's chief counselor (he is extremely powerful, he first mixed with Yao Xiang and then with Fu Jian, and after the fall of the former Qin Dynasty, he followed Yao Chang, and he can be reused wherever he goes) Hearing this, he hurried over Dissuade, saying that now that the foundation of the country is shaken, we should concentrate our forces to defend the pass first, how can we disperse our forces to other places?Murong Chui's defection to us is just a stopgap measure, once he is released, the consequences will be disastrous! Fu Jian still maintains his usual self-confidence. He feels that as a monarch, he must do what he says. If Murong Chui is destined to stand on his own, there is no way. How can I go back on my word. Hearing this, Quan Yi felt ashamed to hit the wall, and he could only sigh, saying that His Majesty values ​​the righteousness of a benevolent monarch and despises the interests of the country. Once Murong Chui leaves, he will never come back again. Chaos... However, a good man is a good man, and Quan Yi didn't give up his efforts because of Fu Jian's sentimentality and insistence on going his own way—since the boss refused to agree, he could only cut it first and play later, so as to cut off the future troubles! Quan Yi's method is assassination.The executors of the assassination are a group of dead soldiers.This group of dead men is likely to be people from the rivers and lakes that Quan Yi made friends with. This Mr. Quan is obviously a Zhang Liang-style character - he has a brain and is able to advise the lord; he has connections and has close contacts with the three religions; He's all dead, but he's still alive. The place where the dead men lay in ambush was by the floating bridge of the Yellow River, which was the only place Murong Chui had to pass through. However, there is not only one powerful person in the world who knows how to play tricks. Murong Chui was able to survive under the suspicion of Murong Jun, Murong Ping, Wang Meng, and Fu Jian, and he had already developed a keen sense of smell that is different from ordinary people-Fu Jian is soft-hearted, but his group of people can't wait to see him. Throw yourself into the Yellow River to feed the fish!By Fu Jian's side, he is safe; leaving Fu Jian means losing his protection. It is not very difficult to cause an accidental death without a trusted army. Therefore, Murong Chui did not relax his guard at all, and resorted to a trick to get rid of the bag - he asked a confidant to wear his own clothes, ride his own horse, and lead a group of relatives to cross the river on the road, while he disguised himself as After dressing up, I found a bamboo raft and crossed the river quietly at another remote ferry. When Murong Chui from the cottage came to the floating bridge, the dead soldiers who had been ambushing there suddenly rushed out.Without saying a word, Murong Chui from the cottage hit his horse and galloped away.Some of the dead soldiers may have seen Murong Chui, and seeing that the person on the horse was not Murong Chui himself, they gave up chasing and the assassination failed. Murong Chui escaped unharmed and finally came to Hebei safely. People's goals are constantly changing as the situation changes.Cao Cao said it well. When he debuted, he also wanted to be a loyal minister like a prefect and general, and work hard for the Han Dynasty; but the situation is stronger than others, and the needs of survival and development pushed him step by step. .Those who followed him to work hard included noble men like Xun Yu, and most of them were those with vested interests in emerging forces; if they want to maintain their own interests, they must push Cao Cao to go up. Therefore, after arriving in Hebei, Murongchui did not immediately declare independence, let alone pull out the banner of restoring Dayan foolishly.His strength is not enough to make him take risks, he can only take one step at a time.At that time, the highest military and political officer of the former Qin Dynasty in Hebei was Fu PI, Duke of Changle.So, Murong Chui still honestly sent someone to inform Fu PI——I'm here. The second time was the Hongmen Banquet. Fu Pi was not as talkative as Fu Jian, when he heard that Murong Chui was coming, his first reaction was - this old fellow planned to rebel on his own, he must be killed as soon as possible.Therefore, he planned to hold a Hongmen banquet for Murong Chui, and wait for the opportunity to make a move at the banquet to welcome him out of the city. At this time, Murong Chui's subordinates began to push Murong Chui forward. Zhao Qiu, who had suggested that Murong Chui kill Fu Jian, once again suggested that he take advantage of Fu Pi's banquet to catch the wind and kill this boy in one fell swoop to seize the power of Yecheng. Then, using Yecheng as a base, he called on the old Ministry of Yan State to take action to restore the country.See, many times, when you choose a path, what forces you to go on is not entirely your own ideas and determination, but the power of the interest groups formed by the people around you. From the perspective of political interests, both Fu Pi and Zhao Qiu's suggestions are feasible and necessary.However, Fu Pi's plan was dissuaded by his subordinate Jiang Rang, and Zhao Qiu's suggestion was also rejected by Murong Chui.The former is out of morality, and the latter is also out of morality.At this juncture that required thick blackness and ruthlessness, the two sides unanimously chose to stand still. I think that if the two sides attack at the same time, even if a fight is triggered, the blow to Murong Chui will undoubtedly be even greater - even if Murong Chui escapes without dying, he will startle the snake, and eventually become a rogue who is hunted everywhere.But giving up the opportunity caused even more fatal losses to the former Qin Dynasty-Fu Pi lost the best chance to kill Murong Chui, gave Murong Chui time to prepare for the uprising, and finally caused years of war in Hebei.