Chapter 12 Chapter 11 The Great River Goes to the Plateau——Sketch of the Project of Diverting the Yellow River into Shanxi
What do Shanxi people want to do?
The Yellow River originates from Yueguzongliqu and Duoqu in the Bayan Har Mountains of Qinghai. It flows out of Kunlun, Huitaohuang, Nafenwei, and Rongluoqin; Eighteen bends, rushing into the land of Zhongzhou, rushing down thousands of miles, and returning to the sea in the east.
The Yellow River enters Shanxi from Pianguan Laoniuwan, soars straight down, splits the Qin-Jin Plateau like a sharp sword, and roars like thunder all the way between the two mountains hundreds of meters apart, like thousands of dragons, to Jixian County, Shanxi Province. In the area of Longwang Mountain, it closed suddenly, poured upside down, and fell into a 30-meter-wide ditch with a drop of more than 30 meters. I saw huge waves rolling, and the rapids shot the wall, like countless beasts biting and fighting, and the waves roared. , The sound shock can be heard for several miles; clouds of smoke and mist rise into the sky, and rainbows of seven colors appear in the sunlight.This is Hukou Waterfall.
The Yellow River enters the Qin and Jin provinces from Inner Mongolia, and finally flows into Henan at Matiwo Village, Yuanqu County, Shanxi.In the course of more than 1,000 kilometers, it flows into 13 larger rivers in Shanxi.The rainfall in Shanxi is low, and a considerable part of the rain flows into the Yellow River through these rivers.
Shanxi is seriously short of water, and Shanxi people want to bring water from the Yellow River up.
Some people say that Shanxi people really dare to think and do it!
The idea of "diverting the Yellow River" was proposed two thousand years ago; what no one dared to do for two thousand years, but today's Shanxi people want to do it within a few years. Isn't the imagination of Shanxi people too rich?
Yes, Shanxi people are very imaginative.The Yellow River enters Shanxi from Inner Mongolia and begins to zigzag southward; the place where it turns is Laoniu Bay in Pianguan County, Shanxi.Regarding Lao Niu Bay, the ancestors of Shanxi people have such an imaginative legend: In ancient times, heavy rain fell continuously for ninety-nine and eighty-one days, and the sky and the earth fell into chaos, the mountains collapsed and the ground collapsed, and the people were in dire straits.Eighty-one days later, the wind stopped and the rain ceased, and there was a torrent everywhere, and there was a vast ocean.Eighty-one days later, despite the scorching sun, the flood still did not recede.The people's wailing went up to the heaven, and the Jade Emperor sent the Taishang Laojun down to earth to save the people from the fire and water.When Taishang Laojun came here, he put his green ox on a plow yoke, trying to plow a river on the earth, let the flood return to the sea, and make the earth see the sky again.At night, a bright light was lit on the top of the mountain not far away [this mountain is still called Mingdeng Mountain], which startled the green cattle that were plowing the furrow, and the furrow changed from straight to curved.Laojun didn't want to "rework", so he continued to plow forward. After ninety-nine and eighty-one days and nights, he finally made the flood turn ninety-nine turns and flowed from the land of China into the sea.This is how Jiwan, which is 10 miles long from Laoniuwan, came about.
This legend expresses the ideal and belief of our ancestors to control the Yellow River.
Wanjiazhai is 5 kilometers south of Laoniuwan.
Zheng Yousan, deputy chief commander of the Yellow River Diversion Project and director of the Engineering Administration Bureau, introduced the Yellow River Diversion Project to me in this way: a 90-meter-high concrete gravity dam was built in Wanjiazhai to block the water of the Yellow River. Tuoketuo County has a storage capacity of 896 million cubic meters; a hydropower station will be built behind the dam with an installed capacity of 1.08 million kilowatts and an annual power generation of 2.75 billion kWh.This is the pivotal project of diverting the Yellow River, and it is the leading project. It is jointly invested and constructed by Shanxi, Inner Mongolia and the Ministry of Water Resources.The water diversion project is entirely a matter of Shanxi. It is divided into the main water diversion line and two tunnel lines in the south and north, with an annual water diversion of 1.2 billion cubic meters.The total length of the water diversion line is 452 kilometers, of which the total length of the underground tunnel is 237 kilometers, ranking first in the world; the No. 7 tunnel in Nangan is 43.5 kilometers long, 15 kilometers longer than the diversion tunnel of the Norwegian "Lendas" project, and 7.5 kilometers longer than the underground tunnel of the English Channel. Kilometers is also number one in the world.
Let's just talk about the pumping station.The first-level and second-level water pumping stations are located in the belly of the mountain. After the fifth-level pumping station pumps water, the water level is raised by 648 meters. It can be said that a large river with a flow rate of 48 per second has been lifted to the sky.
This is the largest construction project in the history of Shanxi. The water diversion line passes through mountains and mountains. One can imagine the arduousness and technical complexity of the project.The large-section diversion tunnel accounts for two-thirds of the total length of the line.The Yellow River Diversion Project is a closed water delivery system, and the pump stations are operated in series. The operation conditions and water flow process are very complicated. It is necessary to use an advanced automation system to monitor and control the entire line. This automatic control system requires remote signaling, Four functions of telemetry, remote control and remote adjustment...
In the words of Guo Yuhuai, the chief commander of the project, diverting the Yellow River is a grand project with high difficulty, high technology, high investment, high standards and high benefits.The scale of the project and the high technical requirements are unprecedented if not unprecedented in the country.
There is a lot of coal in Shanxi, and those who dig coal can dig holes, but the holes for water diversion and coal digging are two different things, and they are different from the tunnels built for railway construction: water seepage is not allowed in diversion tunnels, so the lining requirements for the walls of the tunnels are different. You can imagine how strict it is...
The World Bank organized a delegation to investigate the Yellow River Diversion Project in Shanxi.At the end of the investigation, the gentlemen of the investigation group were very excited, saying that the Yellow River Diversion Project is also a super-large-scale water diversion project in the world, and the length of the tunnel and the complexity of the operation system are unparalleled in the world.The gentlemen of the World Bank have been running all over the world all day long. They have seen a lot and come to such a conclusion in amazement. It should not be false or exaggerated.
Then, the imagination and courage of Shanxi people should be affirmed and proud!
On May 22, 1993, the foundation stone laying ceremony for the Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project in Shanxi was held in a farmland five kilometers outside Pinglu City.
The groundbreaking ceremony of the project was held here because there was no relatively flat place beside the Yellow River where thousands of people could have a meeting, not even a place for hundreds of people to hold a meeting.
Vice Premier Zou Jiahua of the State Council came, Vice Chairman of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and former Minister of Water Resources Qian Zhengying came, leaders of relevant ministries and commissions of the Central Committee came, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee Wang Maolin and Governor Hu Fuguo came, and most of the leaders of the five provincial teams came. up.Shanxi people want to change their destiny, can they not come?The foundation laying expresses the will, wish and determination of the 30 million people!
Zou Jiahua has been concerned about the infrastructure construction in Shanxi, and has been on the construction site of the Taijiu Expressway many times.Qian Zhengying once predicted with concern that if Shanxi does not solve the serious water shortage problem, Taiyuan will have to relocate in a few years.A few years ago, she took experts to inspect the Wanjiazhai area by helicopter.The weather is fine, and the Vice Premier and Vice Chairman are also in a good mood.
The conference is about to start on the agenda.Suddenly, a dark crowd appeared in front of the venue and on the left and right sides, and the dark crowd pushed towards the venue.Some came on foot, some took trucks and tractors, and more came by bicycle.
The ceremony took place on time.There can't be too many people in the venue, and most of them can only stand outside the venue.They could hear the voice of the loudspeaker very clearly.
Zou Jiahua said that the efforts made by the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial People's Government to plan the Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project over the years are the correct choice in line with the actual situation of Shanxi and a wise move with foresight.
Zou Jiahua hopes that the relevant ministries and commissions of the State Council will continue to give strong support to this project; he hopes that the vast number of scientific and technological personnel, workers and cadres participating in the project construction will carry forward the spirit of hard work, selfless dedication, hard work and hard work, and complete the design on time with quality and quantity , construction, supervision tasks...
Qian Zhengying and Hu Fuguo also spoke.People love to hear these words, it is their inner voice.
When Zou Jiahua, Qian Zhengying, Wang Maolin, Hu Fuguo and others cut the ribbon and unveiled the stele for the Yellow River Diversion Project, and built soil for the cornerstone, the wind blew up.Here is "one wind a year, blowing from spring to winter", "when I come to Shuozhou Prefecture, I eat three or two soils a day, I don't eat enough in the morning, and I have to make up for it in the afternoon."It seems that the good weather just now is because God didn't want to disappoint people, so he gave a little care.The sky was full of yellow dust, but inside and outside the venue, people still stood solemnly in the wind.
Suddenly, the firecrackers around the venue exploded. The firecrackers were decent products from Liuyang, Hunan, and the quality was quite good.In an instant, the cheers in the crowd were like dragons singing and tigers roaring, and they went straight into the sky with the sound of firecrackers.There was a muffled thunder in the sky.
According to rough statistics, 26,000 people attended the groundbreaking ceremony, of which 19,000 came spontaneously, and the furthest came from villages more than 50 miles away. They left on the fifth watch.
Pinglu used to be a county. Later, Shuozhou City was established, and Pinglu was transformed into a district. The population of the district is only over 100,000. It seems inconceivable that nearly one-fifth of the population came to participate in the foundation laying ceremony of diverting the Yellow River.
The author seems to be able to understand the incredible behavior of the Pinglu people.
When I went to Pinglu in the autumn of 1981, I was surprised by the severe water shortage in Pinglu.Farmers in several townships in the west of this county spend 40% of their labor each year to solve the problem of drinking water for humans and animals.I came to a village called Dongshanshang in Zhiniquan Township near Bianguan.The village is not big, and more than 300 sheep died of thirst in Chunshang.The belly of the dead sheep is peeled off, but there is wool in the stomach: without water to drink, the sheep will get angry, and when it gets angry, it will gnaw the hair on its body, so the wool will fill the sheep's stomach.Not long before I went there, a 12-year-old child was lost in a village in Xishuijie Township. The villagers who had always been united and helping each other were all dispatched to look for the child in the ravines.Some people said that the child must have been carried away by wolves, and some people said that it was possible for wild boars to chew it up.After looking for it for a while, there was no sign of the child.The grandmother who couldn’t get out of the kang said: “Look for the well at the entrance of the village, maybe the child is there.” There is a well more than ten feet deep at the entrance of the village, with a small diameter, and people can go up and down by stepping on the steps on the well wall: When the well cannot be filled with buckets, people go down to the well and use spoons and bowls to scoop the seeped water into the bucket little by little; Spread it at the bottom of the well, and wring the water into the bucket when it gets wet.The child went down and scooped up the water bit by bit with the bowl piece, and waited after scooping it up. He leaned against the wall of the well and fell asleep after waiting.He had a long sleep.
"The people here are miserable!" Han Yu, secretary of the county party committee, said to me. Yes, the relief uniforms he wears are yellow, and the mahuang water he drinks is yellow."
I know what Mahuang water is: when it rains, the rainwater flows to the low-lying part of the village, which becomes a small pond; when the sun shines, the water gradually turns green. Many heel bugs grew.People carried the water back, put a drain on the water tank, and poured the water from the drain to filter out the larger fightworms, but the small ones were still in the water.Later, a reporter from "Guangming Daily" went to Pinglu for an interview. He drank a sip of Mahuang water at a common people's home and couldn't help crying. He went back and wrote an article "Some people in Pinglu drink mule dung water for many years", which was published on Xinhua News Agency In terms of "internal reference", it has aroused strong repercussions in society.
Han Yu went on to say: "I went to many villages. Everywhere I went, I asked the people what difficulties they had and what requirements they had. They didn't have enough rations, it was difficult to burn, and they were short of money, but no one ever mentioned these things. There is only one difficulty: no water to drink! People have no water to drink, and livestock have no water to drink. If this situation does not change, how can we develop production with peace of mind? With so much labor and animal power to get water, how can we plant the land well? In a village in Xishan, I met three young people, all hunchbacks of the same color. When I asked, they climbed uphill with their backs since they were young, and they were developing. hunchback."
water!water!
Today, the foundation stone laying ceremony of the project will be held in Pinglu to bring water from the Yellow River up to moisten the land of the Jin Dynasty. Can the people of Pinglu not rush to participate?No notice is needed, let alone an invitation, let my wife work harder, get up at five o'clock to cook for us, and we have to leave at dawn!
Let's move our viewpoint to the city.
In Haozhuang, not far from the train station, in Taiyuan, on Chaoyang Street North Third Lane, the director of the Third Neighborhood Committee is Yan Xinzhi.
Several reporters from the TV station carried the machine to find Yan Xinzhi, wanting to know the water shortage situation there, and met a retired worker who was nearly 70 years old on the way.
"My God, you have found a place!" The old worker rushed forward, pointing at the camera, "Shoot it for us, and reflect it for us, how can we live without water! Is it true that there are no high-ranking officials among the residents here?" Or is there no big money among the residents here? The water company is so biased, this is called serving the people? Can you send a message to Secretary Hu and ask him to take time to visit our place. I want to sue the water company ..."
Caught off guard, there was a sound of "hula" and twenty or thirty people gathered around, chattering all over the place, all shouting one word: water!They took the TV reporter as their saviour.
"Come to my house to see!" "Take this thing and come to my house to see!"
They know that TV is a powerful thing.The reporter was moved to tears by the trust of the masses.
It wasn't a verbal invitation, but one by one came up and pulled it out. The sincerity and urgency made the reporter wonder who to go to.
Yan Xinzhi is here.Yan Xinzhi turned out to be an old lady in her fifties, not tall, with a dark face, two teeth missing, and gray hair.Yan Xinzhi came to relieve the reporter.
Yan Xinzhi led the reporter into the house.There was an old lady in her sixties who fell in the water and broke her bones and joints. She lay down for a long time and couldn't get out of bed.The clothes have to be washed. If it is a little better, I will carry the dirty clothes on a stick to the girl's house to wash.
Enter another house, and look, all the vats, urns, basins, and jars in the house are filled with water.The owner said, sometimes there is no water for four or five days, and what to do if you don’t save some water!I had no choice but to go to the military sub-district a few miles away to get some water and come back.Water is more precious than oil!
I entered another house, and there was a confinement patient, who used more water.There is a row of large tanks in the house, and there are several tanks in the yard [the business of making tanks and selling tanks has become better and better in recent years]. When the water came in the middle of the night, the whole family went out to get water. Responsible for receiving water, the big one is responsible for carrying water, "flow operation".Pick up a load and pour it back into the tank, and when you go back, it is connected to the water again.The experience is worth promoting, and it will soon be imitated, and more and more people are queuing up.
Yan Xinzhi's house is also lined with water tanks, jars and jars.Yan Xinzhi said: "I have been the director of the neighborhood committee for more than 20 years. I just run water for everyone. I don't care about anything else. Everyone has no objection. What is more important than drinking water! Look at me, twenty Over the years, my hair has turned gray, my legs have been broken, and my teeth have disappeared! When the water came, I went door-to-door to ask everyone to fetch water; later on, it became a habit, and I couldn’t fall asleep before one o’clock at night. Everyone complained about the running water The company, say they are biased. The water company can’t help it either, they don’t have any water there, so what can I give you?”
A new industry is quietly emerging here: selling water.Water is fetched from elsewhere and sold to you for 50 cents a barrel. At this price, a ton of water costs 20 yuan, which is 30 times the normal water price.Prices are still bullish.
The severe shortage of water resources in Shanxi not only seriously affects the domestic water use of urban and rural people, but also seriously affects the industrial and agricultural production, seriously restricting the economic development of Shanxi.The 7BA unit of Taiyuan Chemical Company needs 550 cubic meters of water per hour. Due to insufficient water supply, it cannot be started, and the daily loan interest payment is as high as 100,000 yuan.The Taiyuan Ammonia Plant had to be relocated to Lucheng, Changzhi because the water supply could not meet the design requirements.In order to ensure the normal production of the second power plant that supplies Beijing and Tianjin with electricity, Datong City can only restrict water supply to the Datong Sugar Factory, forcing the sugar factory to limit production and sales when the supply of products exceeds demand, and sometimes ask the local village for emergency water.Similar situations abound.
Here you need to look at a set of worrying numbers.
Shanxi is the national energy and heavy chemical industry base.The three central cities of Taiyuan, Datong and Shuozhou are the main production bases of Shanxi's energy and heavy chemical industries. Coal production accounts for 47.5% of the province's total, thermal power installed capacity accounts for 51.4% of the province's total, and large cement production accounts for 74% of the province's total. , Steel production accounts for 81.5% of the province's total.The lack of water not only seriously affects the full play of the production capacity of existing enterprises, but also hinders the transformation of old enterprises and the construction of new projects.At present, 50% of the industrial and mining enterprises that already have production capacity in these three cities have to take measures to limit production due to insufficient water supply due to the excessive exploitation of groundwater, resulting in direct economic losses of more than 5.5 billion yuan and indirect economic losses. 13.8 billion yuan; if it is not maintained by excessive overexploitation of groundwater, the existing economic loss will have to increase by 10.4 billion yuan.Due to the lack of water, many large and medium-sized enterprises' renovation, expansion and construction projects cannot be launched or cannot be put into production on time, causing direct economic losses of 11 billion yuan and indirect economic losses of 27.5 billion yuan each year.
Due to the excessive extraction of groundwater, the groundwater level has been decreasing year by year.Creates a large-scale groundwater fall funnel.The area of the groundwater funnel in Taiyuan City was 11 square kilometers in 1965, and the water level in the central area dropped by 16.5 meters. Now the funnel area has reached more than 300 square kilometers, and the water level in the central area has dropped by 150 meters.In Datong City, there are 7 cracks on the ground due to the excessive exploitation of groundwater, with a total length of more than 20 kilometers.
Due to the lack of water, the contradiction between industry and agriculture competing for water has become increasingly prominent.Within a few years, the irrigated area of farmland has been reduced by more than 500,000 mu.
Due to water shortage, shallow water sources cannot be replenished, and sewage seeps into the ground through leakage or agricultural irrigation and other means, polluting groundwater sources.Sewage irrigates farmland, which significantly increases harmful substances in grain, vegetables, and fruits, and increases the mortality rate of large livestock.
Due to the lack of water, the production process of some factories failed to meet the design requirements, and a large amount of dust and harmful gases leaked out, polluting the air and deteriorating people's living environment.
Because of lack of water...
Hu Fuguo knew that the well-known Jinci Nanlao Spring in Taiyuan had stopped flowing, that the 30,000 mu of rice fields in the Jinci irrigation area would be forced to be planted with corn and sorghum, and that it was difficult for Taiyuan people to eat delicious Jinci rice; The prepared wells have been scrapped in batches, because the depth of the wells was only 50 meters in the 1950s, and now the water cannot be produced until it is drilled below 300 meters; we know that Taiyuan City still has a water shortage of 220,000 tons when the groundwater is over-extracted by 200,000 tons a day; Hu Fuguo knows better: if the serious shortage of water resources is not solved, it will be impossible for Shanxi to deepen reforms, expand opening up, and accelerate development. The survival of 30 million people will become a problem, and Shanxi's economic take-off in the 21st century will become a nightmare...
Why is God so thin on me in Shanxi?
The advantage of Shanxi lies in coal, and the disadvantage of Shanxi lies in water.
Shanxi suffered nine droughts in ten years, which is well known in the world.From Sima Qian's "Historical Records" recorded in the fifty-sixth year of Zhou Huiwang [661 BC] to the 2653 years in 1992, there were more than 1,000 droughts.Analyzed from various historical stages, the average time in ancient times was 4.8 years, the average time in modern times was 1.4 years, and the average time in modern times was 1.3 years. The scarcity has led to frequent droughts.
The distribution of water resources on the earth is very unfair. The fresh water resources in China are equivalent to 21.3% of the world's average land area, while the per capita share of water resources in Shanxi is only 19% of the national per capita share, accounting for the world's per capita share. 4%.God is so unfair to Shanxi people.
The main source of water recharge in Shanxi is rainfall.River runoff is directly related to precipitation.The province's average annual precipitation is only 534 mm.The little rain that fell from the sky may be used by the people of Shanxi, but in fact most of it flows into the Yellow River.In the more than 1,000 kilometers from south to north, there are a total of 13 main rivers such as Pianguan River and Fen River flowing into the Yellow River.Most of the rainfall in Shanxi is concentrated in July, August and September. After the rain, the floods carry a large amount of loess into the Yellow River, and 540 million tons of soil flow into the Yellow River every year.
Shanxi people can only over-exploit groundwater for urgent needs, so various vicious circles have occurred.
We have always regarded water as the breeze in the mountains and the bright moon in the sky, thinking that it is inexhaustible and can be used as much as we want.As an important element of ecosystem and environment, water is irreplaceable and not unlimited.Limited water resources need to be developed, and natural water can be turned into commercial water only through human materialized labor.
When did we really see water as a commodity again?Where water is scarce, people cherish water like gold, wash their faces and vegetables, and use it to cook pig food; where water is available, people don't pay attention to cherishing it.During the World Bank's inspection of the Yellow River Diversion Project, the Yellow River Diversion Headquarters compiled and printed several issues of "Daily Express", one of which published an intriguing report titled "Kutcher's Silence from Shanxi People" .The general idea is that one afternoon, after talking about how to solve the problem of water shortage in Shanxi as soon as possible, Kucher, an expert of the World Bank, told a short story as a concluding remark.They stayed at the Shanxi Hotel, and the toilet in the bathroom in the room leaked all day long.As tenants, they only need to pay the room fee, and the amount of water consumption has nothing to do with them; Will not settle accounts with them. "But gentlemen..."
Kucher didn't go any further, let the "gentlemen" want to go.Of course, it's not just the Shanxi Grand Hotel. Don't other large and small hotels, guest houses, restaurants, and restaurants have such problems?Are there a few leaking toilets and water pipes in tens of thousands of families?In enterprises large and small, how many water pipes, water gates, water tanks, and pools are leaking?How much water is lost in flood irrigation for farmland irrigation?In big and small cities, there are not only ever-burning lights, but also long flowing water.
On the one hand, there is a serious shortage of water, but on the other hand, we don't know how to cherish it.
If a drop of water can’t come out of the faucet, if the factory’s machines stop running due to lack of water, and the farmers sigh at the cracked land, if they can’t get water out even if they dig 500 meters into the ground… This is not alarmist talk, this day is getting closer and closer to us. getting closer.
"Wars before the middle of this century were land disputes, wars in the 1970s and 1980s were energy disputes, and wars in the 21st century may be caused by water disputes."
"The water crisis will be another global crisis after the oil crisis!" This is also not alarmist talk, not unfounded worry!
"If humans ignore water, then the last drop of water humans see will be their own tears!"
The United Nations designates March 22 every year as "World Water Day". At the 2009 "World Water Day" commemoration meeting, Dr. Endau, Assistant Secretary-General of the United Nations, issued a shocking warning to people all over the world. People should not wake up?
Only Shanxi people, who have one-twentieth of the world's per capita water resources, if they continue to ignore and solve the problem of water resources, then the day when they see the last drop of water will be their own tears, which will undoubtedly be much earlier than others!
Shanxi needs 7.8 billion cubic meters of water throughout the year, and the current water supply is 5.3 billion cubic meters [it can only be said that this number is getting smaller and smaller at present], and the water shortage reaches 2.5 billion cubic meters.How to solve the problem?Relying on the sky, the sky is not working: Shanxi is located inland and has a temperate continental climate. It is affected by the subtropical high pressure in the western Pacific in summer and controlled by cold high pressure in Mongolia in winter. It is dry and rainless. Should not: long-term intensive [or predatory] over-exploitation of groundwater, resulting in imbalanced groundwater extraction and replenishment, rapid decline in water level year after year, ground subsidence and subsidence.Nuwa can mend the sky, but who can mend the earth?
The only thing that can save lives in Shanxi is the mother river, the Yellow River. The only water resource that Shanxi people can replenish and use is to divert water from the Yellow River.
In order to survive and develop, the 30 million Shanxi people have no choice but to fight with their backs and must fight with their backs!
"The Yellow River comes west to conquer Kunlun, and roars thousands of miles to touch the dragon's gate."
It is said that in ancient times, the Huanglong Mountains on both sides of the Longmen of the Yellow River were connected together.Dayu led the water here and dug mountains to form valleys. This place is called Longmen, or Yumen.
"Shui Jing Zhu" said: "Longmen... was dug by Dayu,... the mouth is eighty steps wide, and there are traces on the cliffs. There are still some achievements." "Ji Shui" also said: "The terrain of Longmen is dangerous. Take the lead to break through the mountains, and Yu Gong is the greatest here."
The research results of many scholars have proved that more than 4,000 years ago, the entire earth experienced an abnormal period of concentrated outbreaks of natural disasters. In just one or two hundred years, continuous severe cold, extremely large earthquakes, and floods and droughts occurred frequently.
When the flood came overwhelmingly to the Chinese nation, the warm "Eden" in the west was not spared.But God taught Noah to build an ark and bring all kinds of living creatures, male and female, into the boat. After the flood, Noah worked on farming, established vineyards, and made wine.Our ancestors tragically chose to fight, bravely and calmly to meet the challenges of nature.
This is the first great action in Chinese history to consciously fight against nature on a large scale.About two thousand years later, Xunzi, a great philosopher who was born in Shanxi, clearly put forward the philosophical thought of "man will conquer nature".
The water conservancy projects in ancient China give us reason to be proud of them.
The artificial canals recorded in the literature began in the late Spring and Autumn Period. The State of Wu opened Hangou in 486 BC, using a series of lakes and rivers to connect the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. This was the early Subei Canal.After that, the lotus water was opened "between Shang and Shandong", connecting the two major river basins of the Huanghuai River.During the Warring States period, King Hui of Wei dug a chasm in 362 BC, which provided multiple passages for the Yellow River and the Huaihe River.After Qin unified China, the Lingqu Canal was dug to connect the Xiangjiang River and the Lijiang River, thus connecting the two major water systems of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River.In this way, the Yellow River, Yangtze River, Huaihe River, and Pearl River all run through, forming a water transportation network that controls most areas and becoming the national transportation artery.In the Western Han Dynasty, another three hundred miles of canals were opened to bring the center of the shipping network to Chang'an, the capital city; in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the center of the shipping network was moved to Luoyang.During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao extended the water transportation network of the Qin and Han Dynasties to the north to the Luan River in the Haihe River Basin, laying the foundation for the opening of the North-South Grand Canal.
Sui, Tang, and Northern Song were the era of national unification, and it was also a prosperous period in the history of my country's water transportation.Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty and Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty built the North-South Grand Canal from Beijing to Hangzhou consisting of the Yongji Canal, Tongji Canal, Huaihe Navigation Section, Hangou, the Yangtze River Channel, and the Jiangnan Canal.In this way, the combination of east-west and north-south canals has fully penetrated the six major water systems of the Haihe River, the Yellow River, the Huaihe River, the Yangtze River, the Qiantang River and the Pearl River.
As for the fact that Li Bing built Dujiangyan in the Tang Dynasty and made Sichuan a "Land of Abundance" and sacrificed blood for thousands of years, everyone knows.
Xunzi's thought of "man will conquer nature" has always flowed in the blood of our nation.
Some insightful people in history felt that the Loess Plateau in Shanxi has continuous dry walls, low rainfall, lack of water, and frequent droughts, which made people's livelihood difficult.Due to the social, economic and technological conditions at that time, these ideas could not be put into practice, but they also fully reflected the strong desire and ambition of the people of all ages to change Shanxi's drought and water shortage and accelerate social development.
In August 1958, the central government held a working conference in Chengdu.When Tao Lujia, the first secretary of the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee at the time, reported to Mao Zedong, he said: "Shanxi discussed with Beijing. In order to solve the problem of water shortage in industry and agriculture, we have a common ambition to divert the Yellow River from the mouth of the Qingshui River in Inner Mongolia. There are 200 flows of water, 100 flows flow into the Guanting Reservoir through the Sanggan River, and 100 flows flow into the Fen River. After investigation, the scientific and technological personnel have proposed a preliminary idea of the line." Mao Zedong agreed after hearing this.Mao Zedong said: "We can't just scold the Yellow River for all kinds of harm. We have to transform it and make use of it. In fact, the Yellow River is very useful. It is a natural diversion channel. What kind of ambition are you talking about just now? It is just the last wish of the ancients! You go Check out Ban Gu’s "Hanshu Gouzhizhi", and during the Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, someone suggested that the Yellow River should be drawn into the Yan from the vicinity of Baotou, and flow into the sea from the east." Mao Zedong asked Tao Lujia again, you have Wenxi County in Shanxi, do you know why? Wenxi?Tao said he didn't know.Mao Zedong said: "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty came here on a dragon boat. Just when news came that he had won a great victory in Baiyue, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty named this place 'Wenxi'. At that time, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was able to walk on the Fen River in a dragon boat. It can be seen that At that time, the Fen River had a lot of water. Now that the Fen River is dry, we are ashamed of the people of Jin!"
Mao Zedong Bowen has a strong memory, and his memory is amazing!When Tao Lujia came back, people consulted the "Han Shu", among which there is indeed a record in the "Gou Wei Zhi": "During the time of Emperor Wu, the people of Qi Yannian wrote a letter saying: The river flows out of Kunlun, passes through China, and flows into the Bohai Sea. Its terrain is high in the northwest and southeast. Next. You can follow the book to see the topography, so that the hydraulic engineering is accurate, and the big river goes up the ridge, out of the Huzhong, and into the sea in the east. In this way, there will be no floods in the Kanto, and there will be no worries about the Huns in the north. It can save dikes and soldiers. Transmission, Hu Kou invasion and robbery, overthrowing the army and killing generals, and the disaster of the wilderness. The world always prepares the Xiongnu and does not worry about Baiyue, because the water will cut off the land. If this work is successful, it will benefit forever." At that time, the purpose of diverting the Yellow River , It is to use the river channel to prevent the Xiongnu from invading southward, and at the same time play a role in flood diversion, reducing the flood disasters in Henan and Shandong in the lower reaches of the Yellow River.Emperor Wu accepted his words and sent tens of thousands of soldiers to dig channels.Later, due to changes in the river course, the channel was abandoned and the project failed.
In 1917, when Yan Xishan ruled Shanxi, his wise staff put forward the idea of diverting the Yellow River into Jin, and sent people to investigate the route of "Diverting the Yellow River into Fen" in two routes.All the way "going back to Xinlong, Ningwu, and Wuzhai to the north", and all the way "from Jingle, Kelan, Wuzhai, and Hequ to Pianguan", and then "gather in one place, argue with each other, and stack up for research; From time to time, I followed the mountains and streams again, and observed them in detail. Although the heat was scorching hot, and the mountain trails were steep, I never dared to be afraid of difficulties.The "Forecast Report on the Flow of the Yellow River into Fen in Shanxi" finally concluded that the water diversion route from the Yellow River into Fen from Pianguan Laoniu Bay is similar to the current design route.At the end of the report, it is written with passion and soul-stirring: "The Canal of China opened in front, and the Suez of overseas opened in the back. There are great men in the world, and there are miraculous achievements in the world. Seeing the infinite water of the Yellow River, it cannot be divided. It goes without saying that the benefit is universal!... There is a saying in the past that the water of the Yellow River comes from the sky. Let the Yellow River flow into Fen, and we dare to cut it off and say: It is also beneficial to the sky. King Yu has made great achievements in water control, and the temple will enjoy the blood and food for thousands of years; and the one who deserves to enjoy the temple of King Yu will surely return the yellow water to the great deacon of Fen today."
The "big deacon" was probably taken aback when he saw it. Although he wanted to imitate Yuwang Temple and enjoy the future, but the project is huge and time-consuming, can he afford it?
During the Anti-Japanese War, in the "Shanxi Investigation Report" published by the Economic Committee of the National Government in 1936, "diverting water from the Yellow River into the province" was still an important content, and believed that diverting water from the Yellow River would be of great benefit to the current economic construction of North China.Due to the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the division of regions, the displacement of people, and the country's life and death, it was impossible to implement this project regardless of political, social or economic conditions.
It was also the Chengdu meeting in 1958, in Mao Zedong's lounge.
After Tao Lujia reported on the idea of diverting the Yellow River into Jin, Liu Ren, the second secretary of the Beijing Municipal Party Committee, said: "With the development of the city, the problem of water shortage will become more and more prominent. We want to cooperate with Shanxi to use the Yellow River water, which is a reliable source."
Mao Zedong said: "Driving the Yellow River into Yan, Yan is your Beijing. It can be imagined that the Sanggan River can be built into a canal so that ships can go to Beijing; it can also be imagined that the Fen River in Shanxi can also be turned into a canal; Imagine using the water from the Yellow River to transform the desert in Inner Mongolia, that would be an ambition." Mao Zedong was a man of great talent, and he always showed a romantic poetic temperament when waving his hands.
Tao Lujia was inspired, and also mustered the wings of imagination.
Tao Lujia said: "Shanxi has experienced nine droughts in ten years, and the gold, wood, water, fire, and soil are all water shortages. If the water shortage problem is solved, droughts and floods will not be feared, and Shanxi can become a 'Land of Abundance' just like Sichuan. We have also imagined, leading The Yellow River enters Fen, so that the Fen River can not only guarantee the water supply of Taiyuan, but also benefit from irrigation and the convenience of boats.".
Mao Zedong said: "Shanxi needs water for coal production, coal mining and power generation. Shanxi is short of water now, and the Yellow River flows through Shanxi for more than a thousand miles, so it should contribute to Shanxi. Therefore, it is only natural to divert the Yellow River to benefit Fen."
Tao Lujia's report at the Chengdu meeting and Mao Zedong's attitude opened the prelude to diverting the Yellow River into Jin.
On October 10, 1958, the Yellow River Diversion Survey Team of Shanxi Province was established in Taiyuan.
In January 1959, the Shanxi Provincial Party Committee established a leading group for diverting the Yellow River, with Wang Qian, Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee Secretariat, as the group leader.
That month, the Soviet water conservancy expert Sakharovich was invited, who poured lukewarm water on the planned Yellow River Diversion Project.
In May, more than 20 technicians from the survey team of the Yellow River Diversion conducted a comprehensive review of the original survey report.
In December, the People's Government of Shanxi Province submitted the task paper on diverting the Yellow River into Shanxi to the State Council and the Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power.
In February 1960, the Planning Commission of Shanxi Province reported the "Opinions of Shanxi Province on the Yellow River Diversion Project" to the State Planning Commission and the North China Cooperation Area.
In September 1961, the Ministry of Water and Electricity made it clear that the country's economy was in difficulty, this work was suspended, and the archived data should not be lost.
In the blink of an eye, 15 years have passed.
First three years of difficulty, then ten years of catastrophe.What can people do in these ten years?Although there are quite a few people who are thinking about diverting the Yellow River, they can only think about it in their hearts.
By June 1983, the leading group of the Yellow River Diversion Project of the Shanxi Provincial People's Government was re-established. At this time, the State Planning Commission and the Ministry of Water and Electricity had listed the Wanjiazhai Yellow River Diversion Project as a key project in the preliminary work.
不久，中国科学院一位专家带了煤炭部地质队，到太原北郊打了一眼300米的深井，井水上喷17米，新华社发了通稿，说山西地下水丰富，发展能源基地没有问题。《山西日报》在头版头条登载了。《人民日报》也登了这则通讯。根据这个结论，引黄就没有必要了。没想到一星期后井水上喷已不到10米，半个多月后井里就不再喷水，不到一年，用水泵也抽不出水来了。据专家分析，这是地层中锅底聚水的表现，属局部赋存带，是地下水存在的一种特殊现象，不具有开采价值。
但这篇文章的影响太大了，引黄方案就这样被搁置起来。
已担任引黄工程领导组副组长的副省长郭裕怀辗转反侧，夜不能眠。郭裕怀长期在吕梁地区工作。吕梁是山西最贫困的地区。吕梁的贫困，首先是因为缺水。
听说全国水土保持会议在郑州召开，郭裕怀决定赶到郑州去找钱正英。
早晨到了郑州，就向钱正英汇报。
钱正英说：“水利部和山西省联合召开的山西水资源评估学术讨论会，得出的结论是万家寨引黄势在必行，这结论是科学的，也是严肃的。我们多年来辛辛苦苦做的工作，被某位专家一句话就吹了。别人不了解情况，报纸上登了，还情有可原吧；你们山西的报纸也登，还发在头版头条，承认自己并不缺水，还来找我干啥？《人民日报》都登了，我还能再说什么？水利部的同志提起这事就很气愤。”
郭裕怀说：“《山西日报》登这篇文章，决不代表省委、省政府的意见。您看我专程跑来找您，就为了请您给想个办法。”
郭裕怀完全能理解钱正英部长的心情，也知道她决不会不管山西的严重缺水问题。趁会议休息时间，他又一次去找她。
钱正英说：“这事儿我反复想过了，我们两家再开一次会吧，这次会就叫'山西省水资源紧缺综合对策讨论会'，除了上次到会的专家学者，把全国著名的水利专家都请来，会议的规模要比上次大一些，尤其要请清华大学的张光斗教授，他是我国最大的水利权威……”
郭裕怀回到太原，就给省委、省政府汇报。经过充分准备，讨论会在太原召开了。中央书记处农村政策研究室、国务院经济技术社会发展研究中心、国家计委、经委、科委、地质矿产部、城乡建设环境保护部、煤炭部、化工部和山西省委省政府负责人，和有关科研单位、高等院校的专家学者200多人参加了会议。会议得出的结论是：山西缺水严重，形势十分严峻，兴建万家寨引黄工程刻不容缓！从长远和全局考虑，这是一项重大的战略措施！从第一次水资源评估会到第二次缺水综合对策研讨会，中间隔了五年时间；第一次得出的结论是“势在必行”，第二次得出的结论则是“刻不容缓”！
会后山西省政府和水利部又联合向国务院写了《关于山西省水资源紧缺及综合对策的报告》。
这是1987年2月。
朔风中已经传来春天的信息。
1990年7月14日，郭裕怀受山西省政府委托，向省七届人大常委会第17次会议作《关于兴建万家寨引黄工程筹备情况》的报告，他讲了兴建这项工程的必要性、工程概况、当前筹备工作的进展情况和存在问题。他说，这件事迟早要办，早办早主动，迟办就被动，现在动手已经晚了，确实不能再耽误了；建议省人大常委会作出兴建这项工程的决议，以保证各届政府毫不动摇地把这项工程胜利建成。
两天以后，会议通过了《关于兴建万家寨引黄工程的决议》。引黄既然反映了山西人民的意志、愿望、情绪和要求，人民代表当然要热烈支持；代表们还就工程的困难和如何解决这些困难，提出了意见和建议。
郭裕怀有理由感到高兴，在这以前，李瑞环和陈俊生来山西视察时，都对引黄工程表示支持。李瑞环说，兴建这个工程是完全必要的，山西省没有水，经济发展就会受到限制，有了水就可以创造投资环境，吸引外资。
李瑞环说，你们山西给国家作了大贡献了，全国人民都要感谢你们，山西人应该自豪。可是没有水，煤炭也不能再发展了，其他事业也都上不去了，所以这引黄工程就得搞。
陈俊生回到北京，就万家寨引黄工程书面报告李鹏总理和姚依林副总理，认为“水资源缺乏，供需矛盾突出，已成为制约山西国民经济发展的关键性问题……如果山西省水的问题不解决，工农业生产和人民群众生活将受到严重影响，必将影响全国经济的发展，后果将十分严重。解决山西省水的问题迫在眉睫，刻不容缓。”次日，李鹏总理就作了批示：“请计委研究”。第三天，姚依林副总理也作了批示：“送请计委研究，万家寨引黄可能是条可行之路，可否在今后计划中加以考虑。”
1993年2月22日，国家计委报送的《关于审批黄河万家寨水利枢纽和引黄入晋工程可行性研究报告的请示》，终于获得国务院批准。报告中工程总工期定为8年，其中施工准备期为2年，施工期为6年。
几天以后，王茂林、胡富国等高高兴兴去北京参加全国人大八届一次会议。
江泽民总书记来到山西代表团，和代表们一起讨论政府工作报告。
总书记到山西不止一次。早在1990年1月，他在太原听取关于引黄工程前期准备工作的汇报后，就指示“一定要把引黄的事情办好”。
总书记深切了解山西人民缺水之苦。他说：“最近中央和国务院已批准引黄工程。这件事一定要高标准、高质量地搞好，以缓解山西缺水的矛盾。”
总书记慈祥的目光，从热烈鼓掌的人民代表们的脸上慢慢扫过。
三月初的北京还是春寒料峭，但山西代表团讨论会场里却是一片暖融融的春光。
引黄工程的轮子越转越快。
大规模的前期准备工作早已开始。通水、通路、通电、通信和平整施工场地进展顺利。
为了以后工程的顺利进行，已经定了两个隧洞，进行试验性开掘，这叫“预开工，试验洞”。不能说山西人性子太急，实在是等待得太久了。
引进外资、引进技术和设备的工作也早已开始：先后同意大利、美国、加拿大、日本、英国的11个公司进行了接触、洽谈，签订了4项合同和意向书；向美国罗宾斯公司购置了一台最先进的双护盾全断面掘进机，花了700多万美元；与意大利CMC公司签订了承包总干线6、7、8号三个隧洞，总长2l公里的施工合同，价值2.62亿元人民币。
为了加强施工组织管理，省编制委员会批准，在引黄总指挥部下设偏关、宁武、平鲁、山阴4个分指挥部和供电、通信两个专业指挥部，还设了电信管理总站和外联处。一个大型工程的现代化管理网络已经形成。
国内外70多家企业报名投标引黄工程，首批中标的施工大军中有水电部水电四局、水电二局、水电六局，铁道部的三、十二、十三、十八、十九工程局，解放军四海工程局，温州水电局，温州建筑一公司，山西省水利工程局，意大利CMC公司等等。
浩浩荡荡的施工大军，从全国各地开赴晋西北的万家寨，开赴引水线路上的各个洞点。
万家寨一下子在全省扬名，全国扬名。
世界上许多有名的工程公司和水电设备、工程施工设备的制造厂家，也把目光投向了万家寨。
在500万分之一的中华人民共和国地图上是找不到万家寨的，连75万分之一的山西省地图上也找不见万家寨。万家寨在偏关县城西北30公里，是黄河边上一个山村。
千军万马已经开上了引黄工程的战场，从万家寨枢纽工地到总干渠各个工点，还有南干北干的部分工点上，隆隆的风钻声，炮声，挖掘机声，大吨位载重车穿梭往返发出的钝重的声音，石料破碎的声音，开山爆破震耳欲聋的声音……钢铁轰鸣，昼夜不停。
建拦河大坝，在大坝下建发电厂，枢纽工程是整个工程的龙头；引黄工程是龙身和龙尾。枢纽工程三家投资，山西要拿20个亿；引黄工程则全是山西的事，投资要106个亿，全部投资，山西要拿126个亿。
国家给了世界银行的贷款额度2亿美元，2亿美元能不能拿到手还难说。
已经出台的煤炭每吨l元的水资源补偿费，全省加起来每年也只有3亿来元。工期按8年算，8年的煤炭水资源补偿费加起来也不到30个亿。
郭裕怀找到胡富国说：“老胡，引黄从根本上说是两个问题，一是技术，二是资金。技术问题我们利用国内外的先进方法和设备，总是能解决的；这资金问题怎么解决？我是一天天睡不好觉，我知道你也睡不好觉。”
胡富国笑着说：“谁说我睡不着觉？我是睡不够啊！一天最多睡五六个小时，你说能够了？”
回到山西，胡富国先当省长，后当省委书记。山西的现状，山西贫困地区老百姓的生活，山西严重的缺水状况，山西改革开放的滞后局面，早就使他睡不好觉了。
胡富国最发愁的就是引黄资金。
山西每年能用于基本建设的钱也是10个多亿，这点钱都已落实到项目，是不能用于引黄的。国家财力紧张，不能给引黄投资，引黄的资金必须山西自己筹措。
从何筹措？如何筹措？
山西省政协第16次常委会上，曾专门讨论过引黄资金问题，他们向省委省政府提的建议中说：“为解决全省水资源开发利用的资金问题，应设立长期性水资源开发利用资金，因此建议再收取吨煤一元，度电一分，出口煤提取销售收入百分之五，作为水资源工程建设的补偿费。”
政协委员们关心引黄，社会各界都在关心引黄，胡富国感到欣慰，也更感到责任重大。但物价上涨昂势不减，中央正在加大宏观调控力度，努力把涨幅往下压，这时候如果山西的煤电加价【虽然加价数额不高】，会不会对全国的物价产生影响？会不会被人说是在和中央“对着干”？
要冒的风险实在太大了。
睡不着觉，干睁着两眼想心事。
眼前忽然出现了黄河上的壶口瀑布。
“涌来万壑排空势，卷作千雷震地声”。这是世界上第一条黄色瀑布。第一次来看壶口瀑布，他热血沸腾了；第二次来，仍然热血沸腾。只要是中国人来看壶口瀑布，离开时没有一个人的心情是平静的。连外国人都说：“到中国不到壶口，等于没来中国。”
黄河水从壶口跌跃下来，在石壕中翻腾着，扭动着，急速朝前涌去，像一柄削铁如泥的利刃，划开这石质的河床。一方是山石，一方是横冲直撞的水流；亘古以来，水和石就在此处顽强地较量。黄河在巨大的顽石上凿开一条数千米长的壕沟，这条壕沟被后人称之为“龙壕”，直到孟门才进入宽阔的河床。唐代元和八年成书的《元和郡县志》上记载，壶口距孟门1000步，约合1600米；如今壶口距孟门却是3000米。现在的壶口每年仍以三至四厘米的速度向北移动。
这是多么巨大的自然力量！它无坚不摧，它无往不胜。这不是中华民族推动历史前进的内在动力吗？ !
到了壶口，胡富国才认识了黄河，才体会到为什么黄河是我们民族的摇篮，黄河为什么哺育了中华文明；黄河不仅用它的乳汁养育了两岸世世代代的人民，更主要的，它使中华民族有了钢铁般的脊梁，有了坚忍不拔无坚不摧一往无前的民族精神！
胡富国自己也说不来为什么会突然想起壶口。
睡不着，披衣起来，抽了支烟，伸手去抓电话，想起已经是深更半夜，又把电话放下。
明天吧，明天找物价局……
几天以后，他在省委召开的省五大班子负责人的会上说：“说山西没有财力，所以搞不成引黄，谁也无法责备我们；我们可以继续当我们的太平官，贡献不大年年有，步子不大年年走，饭吃得下，觉也睡得香，对上对下，说交账也能交了。各位，咱们就这么干行不行呢？不行！这么干咱们交不了账！山西因为缺水，每年直接的经济损失，就比全部的引黄资金还要多；如果加上间接的经济损失，那就顶几倍的引黄资金。这是经过科学测算的，不是谁信口开河。更不用说老百姓如何因为缺水受苦了。面对这样严峻的现实，我们还能吃太平饭做太平官？不行！作为一个共产党员，对党交不了账；作为山西省的一届领导，对山西3000万父老乡亲和他们的子孙后代交不了账！对全国人民交不了账！'当官避事平生耻'！……”
“当官避事平生耻”，他手书的七个大字的长轴就挂在他的办公室里。
他在会上提出，已经出台并得到中央批准的吨煤l元及城市自来水价中收取的水资源补偿费，到1998年预计可收取25亿元；从1995年开始，整顿省内煤、电运销的中间环节乱收费之后，再收取吨煤l元及度电1.5分水资源补偿费，到1998年预计可收取26亿元；加上世界银行贷款2亿美元折合人民币17亿元，共计68亿元，就可以满足一期工程建设的资金需要。他说，这样做，不会对全国平抑物价产生多大影响，我们是从运销环节上拿钱，没有给煤、电的生产单位和使用单位增加负担……
五大班子的负责人在充分交换意见后，认为这是可行的，是没办法中的好办法，一致表示同意。
胡富国倾听大家发言之后，扫视着会场，足足有一分钟时间，然后清了清喉咙说：“没意见了？没意见咱们就这样定了！”他拍了一下桌子。
这一声拍得很响。
省领导为筹措引黄资金作出了决定，消息传遍了引黄工地。
人们似乎听到了胡富国拍桌子的声音。
困难不怕！艰苦不怕！条件差不怕！
万众一心搞引黄！
在万家寨，冬天的工作环境是常人难以忍受的，特别是在河底的大坝基坑里工作。两岸是陡峭的石壁，河道就是风道，打着唿哨的寒风从河道里扑过来，像冰铁烙在脸上；穿了棉衣在凛冽的河风中如同身上未着片缕，一着水就像穿上了铠甲。夜晚，基坑里的温度低到零下三十度。在这里日夜战斗的是水电四局的职工。
阳泉矿务局建井工程队在宁武南干线上打周家堡支洞，临建一时没盖起来，又找不到房子，只有羊圈。羊圈就羊圈吧，有个栖身的地方就行。宁武分指挥部的副指挥闫明德到羊圈里去看望他们，说大家辛苦了。一声“辛苦了”竟使一个小伙子掉了泪，说指挥部派人来看我们，再苦心里也甜。闫明德说这里气味可真不好。小伙子说臭气熏天倒不怕，就是羊打呼噜我们睡不着觉。闫明德感慨了，说我过去当副县长，抓了20多年农业，就是不知道羊打呼噜会这么响，因为我没住过羊圈。
铁道部第一工程局是五十年代修宝成路的主力，工程局基地在西安。中标来引黄工程干活的大都是四川人。从“天府之国”到山西，到山西的晋北，到晋北的偏关，到偏关的南堡乡大黄沟：这里原来有五六户人家，十多年前就搬走了。有几孔石砌窑洞，是当年学大寨人们在这儿砍树时盖的，没窗子，用石头堵住，门一关就漆黑一片；窑洞四周净是缝隙，“针眼大的洞，笆斗大的风”，一刮风四周都往窑里灌风；没水没电。南干4号洞的01号支洞就在附近，这是他们的工地，他们只能在这里栖身。住进去不久就下了大雪。大雪封山，几十个人被困在山里一个多星期，出不去，外边人也进不来。开始还有点煤，能烧点水，煮点挂面，后来煤也没有了，粮也没有了，水也没有了，几十人在炕上躺了三天。他们用电台和西安基地联系，西安基地再和引黄指挥部联系。宁武分指挥部立即带了粮食、煤炭和水赶去，还带了医生和电影放映队。小伙子们从炕上爬起来，抹去了眼泪又笑了，说他们领教了山西偏关这个地方，