Chapter 88 Du Heng

If you have a little understanding of the history of the early northwest revolutionary struggle, then the "left" opportunist line led by Du Heng in the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee had a serious impact on the establishment and development of the Red Army guerrillas and the revolutionary base areas in the Shaanxi-Gansu border area. It's obvious.Du Heng's "Left" leaning line is like a ghost, and if it develops in the guerrillas and the Red Army, harm will follow.The development of the Red Army guerrillas and base areas has been twisted and twisted, and the revolutionary cause has always been in danger of extinction.

When the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas of the Chinese Workers’ and Peasants’ Red Army was first established, Du Heng, then Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, appointed his representative, Shuang Jiefu, to Sanjiayuan in Zhengning, Gansu Province, to serve as the political commissar of the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas of the Red Army, and implement the “Left” line , and Commander Xie Zichang had many serious differences in the battles against Yangpotou, Shanhe Town, and Xunyi County.Although the guerrillas had won many victories, in late April 1932, when Du Heng was inspecting the Red Army's Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas, based on Shuang Jeff's one-sided report, he revoked the position of commander-in-chief and ordered The general headquarters of the Red Army's Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas was abolished.Criticize the guerrilla leaders headed by Xie Zichang.Putting on big hats such as "Right Opportunism", "Escapismism", and "Bandit Route".By means of liquidationism, the troops were organized into three and five detachments.It wasn't until May that the enemy mobilized heavy troops to "suppress" our guerrillas in separate routes. According to the needs of the struggle, the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrilla headquarters with Liu Zhidan as the commander in chief was restored.Just when Liu Zhidan led our Red Army guerrillas to move to more than ten counties and won nearly ten victories, Du Heng appointed his representative, Li Gen, to inspect the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas on July 23, 1932. Work and serve as political commissar.Regardless of the current enemy, he asked the guerrillas to allocate land, fight positional warfare, and fight tough battles in Wuqingyuanzi, a small mountain village in Zhengning, which caused serious losses to our guerrillas.The school's "left" line implemented by Du Heng during the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas of the Northwest Red Army caused serious harm and losses to the establishment and development of the Red Army and guerrillas.

In December 1932, Shaanxi Provincial Commissioner Du Heng came to the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas to start the preparation work for the Red 26th Army.As soon as Du Heng came to the army, he did a lot of bad things.In order to exclude the correct leadership of the guerrilla founders such as Xie Zichang, Liu Zhidan, and Yan Hongyan, he used the newly established soldiers committee to hold a meeting in Yangjiadianzi.Launched the "whole army" campaign that lasted for a month.This movement is called the whole army, but it is actually the whole person.He labeled Xie Zichang, Yan Hongyan and other comrades as "beating and scolding soldiers" and "remnants of warlordism", and excused them for not working hard.He compiled a satirical song with the tune of "Su Wu Shepherd" and asked the soldiers to sing it.And incite the extreme democratization sentiment of the troops.Advocating that all matters in the army be decided by the Soldiers Committee is actually creating public opinion in order to exclude Xie Zichang, Liu Zhidan and other comrades from the leadership of the army.Du He was also eloquent, adorning himself with "Left" rhetoric everywhere to scare others. He not only accused Xie Zichang, Liu Zhidan, Yan Hongyan and others of "Right opportunism" and "Shaoshan line" without any basis.He also used the school as an unhealthy consciousness to incite the soldiers' dissatisfaction with the guerrilla leaders.As a result, at the Party Congress and Soldiers Congress on December 22, the four of them were mistakenly dismissed from their posts.On the 24th, the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas held a reorganization and flag-presenting ceremony in Zhuanjiao Town, Yijun County (now Juyi). Comrades Xie Zichang and Yan Hongyan were forced to leave the army and go to Shanghai for training.Seeing that he could not slander the lofty prestige of the old guerrilla leaders in the ranks, under the strong request of the soldiers, only Comrade Liu Zhidan was left to continue working in the troops. The vain duties of the Director.

At the beginning of 1933, the Second Regiment of the 26th Red Army wiped out the Yijun Jiaojiaping militia, and carried out an unprecedented grain distribution campaign in Xiangshan Temple in Yaoxian County. The revolutionary situation was generally on the rise.Du Heng's "Left" ideology expanded rapidly. He disregarded the actual strength of the Red Army and Liu Zhidan and others' persuasion, and advocated the flattening of Miaowan in one fell swoop.Attack the Miaowan Xia Yushan Militia, which has a united front relationship with us and is very powerful.As a result, our army suffered heavy losses, losing many horses and guns, and the cavalry regiment suffered heavy casualties.Not only did I suffer very serious losses in this battle, but it also destroyed the good united front relationship established by Liu Zhidan, Comrade Shuang Miaozhai and the Xia Yushan militia for many years.Enraged, Xia Yushan led militia groups to attack the northern part of our base many times since then.Moreover, in the vicinity of the Xiangshan Temple, sixty to seventy of my peasant association cadres and revolutionary masses were massacred.This is another rebuff of Du Heng's "Left" opportunist mistakes.After the defeat in the Miaowan battle, the soldiers talked a lot, and publicly commented on Du Heng's "do not understand military affairs" and "nonsense", forcing Du Heng to admit when reporting to the provincial party committee that he "does not understand military affairs at all" and that "prestige is weakened." ", asked the provincial party committee to replace the political commissar.On the other hand, She Heng also wanted to take the opportunity to sneak back to the big city.As a last resort, Du Heng appointed Liu Zhidan, who had experienced many battles, as the chief of staff, and made Zheng Yi, the former chief of staff who tried his best to instigate the attack on Miaowan, as a "scapegoat", using a trick to shirk responsibility.

In February 1933, the Kuomintang Cavalry Regiment, Secret Service Regiment, and Guard Regiment, each with a battalion, cooperated with the Miaowan Xia Yushan Militia Regiment, with Sun Fucheng (Sun Youren) as the commander-in-chief, and launched another round of "encirclement and suppression" against our base area.The leader of the Red Second Regiment headed by Liu Zhidan advocated avoiding the enemy's edge, jumping out of Zhaojin, and looking for opportunities to fight outside, so as to mobilize the enemy to evacuate our base area to gain the initiative.But Du Heng rejected Liu Zhidan's correct opinion and adopted the line of "Left" adventurism, requiring our army to fight positional warfare and defensive warfare at all costs, and insisted on dumping the troops in the taro garden to wait for the enemy to attack.As a result, the opportunity was missed, and the Red Second Regiment was passively beaten.On February 4th, the enemy surrounded the upper taro garden and the lower taro garden where our army was stationed in three ways, and the Red Second Regiment was forced to fight.The enemy's firepower was very fierce. Rifles, machine guns, and mortar shells shot at our forward positions like raindrops, causing heavy casualties to our army.When our army was forced to retreat.The Xia Yushan militia group in Miaowan had already blocked the escape route, and the situation was extremely critical.If the Weibei guerrillas hadn't arrived, the entire army would be in danger of being wiped out.Du Heng's "Left" leaning line once again hit a wall.This battle not only caused the Second Red Regiment to lose the initiative in the war, but also caused great losses to the development of various undertakings in the base area.When the 26th Red Army jumped out of Taiwei and moved to Heimuyuan, Taishui County, Du Heng wrote another letter to the rear of the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base, naively proposing to create a Soviet area in northern Shaanxi and develop cavalry to open up international routes.It was firmly opposed by the rear organs of the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base.On March 3, Du Heng took the opportunity to leave the army and return to the provincial party committee.

After Du Heng slipped away, various undertakings in the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base Area made great progress.The Border Special Committee, the Guerrilla General Headquarters, and the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Committee were established one after another, and the Red Army also won many battle victories on the outer lines and inside the base areas.late may.Du Heng returned to the Second Red Regiment from Xi'an.At this time, the Kuomintang mobilized heavy troops and surrounding reactionary militias to attack our Zhaojin revolutionary base frantically.Faced with a very difficult situation, Du Heng completely lost confidence.On June 17, Du Heng instructed the Border Special Committee and the Party Committee of the Second Red Regiment to hold a joint meeting in Beiliang, Zhaojin.At the meeting, Du Heng believed that the enemy was too powerful, causing our army to run and fight guerrillas every day, and it was difficult to expand the base area, so he advocated going south to Weihua to establish a base area.Du Heng grandly put forward four reasons: Weihua has the influence of the Weihua riot; the party has a good foundation and the masses have high awareness; the population is dense and the products are rich, which is convenient for expanding the Red Army; the rendezvous with the Fourth Red Army can directly threaten Xi'an.Liu Zhidan, Jin Like and others believed that there was no way out for going south, and they had to rely on the middle section of Qiaoshan to carry out activities to develop and consolidate the base area.Du Heng didn't wait for Liu Zhidan to finish his sentence, he arbitrarily and unreasonably labeled Liu Zhidan as "consistently right-leaning". Relying on his power as a military and political commissar, he made strong arguments and made the wrong decision to go south to Weihua.Later, at the meeting held in Ertaizi, Sanyuan, Du Heng once again continued to talk about the "political significance and four favorable conditions" of going south to Weihua, and asked Liu Zhidan to express his position and admit his mistakes.In this way, the Red Second Regiment continued to go south under Du Heng's political coercion.On the way, Du Heng slipped away from the army again under the pretext of returning to the provincial party committee to report on his work.After the Second Red Regiment went south, not only was there no welcome from the masses, but even the underground party could not be found.In fact, the Weihua area was at a low ebb of revolution at that time, and sexual terror was serious. Therefore, our army was suddenly trapped in a dilemma of isolation and helplessness.Under the pursuit and suppression of the Kuomintang's heavy troops, although they fought bloody battles, they were still defeated in Nanshan.The failure of the Red Second Regiment to go south completely declared the bankruptcy of Sheheng's "Left" opportunist line.

Du Heng himself also thoroughly exposed the ugly face of his capitulationism. On July 28, 1933, after being arrested in Xi'an, he surrendered and rebelled. With the enemy frantically capturing the revolutionaries.He also publicly published a confession in the newspaper, begging for mercy from the enemy, and confessing all the secrets of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee.In his confession, he also confessed: "After the battle in Renmiaowan, he was shaken and lost confidence."It completely exposed his despicable political qualities and extremely ugly dirty soul. For Du Heng, I also want to introduce: Du Heng, a native of northern Shaanxi.Also known as Lijun and Zhenting.He once served as Secretary of the Shaanxi Provincial Party Committee and Political Commissar of the Red 26th Army.We can only know this about this historical clown who has a lot of evil deeds in the history of the development of the Northwest Red Army.Maybe, that's all we need to know.