Chapter 25 Xi Zhongxun

Xi Zhongxun (1913-2002), a native of Dancun, Fuping County, Shaanxi. In May 1926, he joined the Chinese Communist Youth League when he was studying in the county Chengcheng Middle School. In January 1927, he studied in the No. 1 High School in the county because he organized students to oppose the feudal education system.At the end of the year, he was forced to leave school. January 1928.Studying at the No. 3 Normal School in Sanyuan County, he was arrested for participating in a student riot in March and was detained in the Sanyuan Detention Center. In April, he became an official member of the Communist Party of China in prison. In May, he was transferred to the Xi'an Kuomintang Military Law Department and detained. After being released on bail in October, he returned to his hometown and secretly engaged in the peasant movement.

In 1929, farmers were mobilized in Fuping to establish a secret party organization. In January 1930, he was sent to the 2nd Battalion of the 3rd Brigade, 2nd Regiment, and the 2nd Battalion of the Yang Hucheng Department of the Kuomintang to do troop transportation. From the summer of 1931 to March of the following year, he worked in the first battalion of the second regiment of the third garrison brigade and worked as the secretary of the battalion committee of the Communist Party of China.Stationed in Fengxiang, Fengxian and other places. On April 2, 1932, he and Liu Linpu organized a mutiny in Liangdang County, Gansu Province, and established the Fifth Detachment of the Red Army's Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrilla Army, serving as the secretary of the team committee and Xu Tianjie as the captain.After the failure of the mutiny, in May 1932, he met Liu Zhidan at the Zhaojin Yangliuping Temple, and in September he met Xie Zichang at the King Kong Temple. In September, he served as the instructor of the second detachment of the Weibei guerrillas. In November, after the failure of the Weibei Soviet Area, he went to Fuping to lead the peasants in the grain distribution struggle and carry out guerrilla activities.

In February 1933, he served as Secretary of the Sanyuan Central County Committee of the Communist Youth League. In March 1933, he was transferred to work in the border area and participated in the establishment of the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base. He served as the instructor of the Young Pioneers, a member of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee, secretary of the Military Commission, and political commissar of the Guerrilla General Headquarters. On April 5, 1933, he was elected as the vice chairman of the Shaanxi-Gansu Frontier Revolutionary Committee and concurrently served as the party secretary.He led and organized the grassroots political power in the base areas, the Red Guards, and the Agrarian Revolution. In May, the 26th Red Army went south to fight against the soldiers and civilians in Zhaojin Revolutionary Base led by Li Miaozhai. In June, concurrently served as Secretary of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee of the Communist Youth League. On August 14, Qin Wushan, secretary of the special committee, presided over a joint meeting of the Shaanxi-Gansu border special committee and the party committee of the Red Army guerrillas in Chenjiapo as the executive chairman of the meeting. Ganbian Red Army Provisional Headquarters.When the Red Army's main force is fighting outside.Together with Li Miaozhai and Zhang Xiushan, they led the team to repel dozens of attacks by the Kuomintang on Xuejiazhai. After the fall of Xuejiazhai in November, he moved to Qingyang and Heshui to participate in the establishment of the Shaanxi-Gansu border revolutionary base centered on Nanliang.

From February 1934, he served as the chairman of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Revolutionary Committee, including acting secretary of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Special Committee, secretary of the Military Commission, and chairman of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Soviet Government.Participated in the leadership of the 42nd Division of the 26th Army of the Red Army, and fought back many "encirclement and suppression" by the Kuomintang army. In September 1935, he was imprisoned during the erroneous anti-revolutionary campaign, and the leader of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Long March, was released after arriving in northern Shaanxi.

In January 1936, he served as Secretary of the Huanxian County Committee of the Communist Party of China. In September, he was transferred back to Guanzhong and served as secretary of the special committee of the Communist Party of China and political commissar of the guerrillas.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War.Served as secretary of the Guanzhong Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China, commissioner of the commissioner's office, first political commissar of the military division and Guanzhong garrison area. In July 1942, he was transferred to be the head of the party branch of the Northwest Central Bureau.

In February 1943, he served as secretary of the Zhongqi Suide Prefectural Committee and political commissar of the First Independent Brigade of Sui (Germany) Belt (Zhi) Garrison Area. In June 1945, he was elected as an alternate member of the Seventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.In July of the same year, he served as the political commissar of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Shanxi-Sui Joint Defense Army Group Army, and together with Commander Wang Shitai, he led a team to counterattack the Kuomintang attack in Yetaishan area of ​​Chunhua.After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he served as the Deputy Minister of the Organization Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

In October 1945, he served as the third secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and concurrently served as the political commissar of the joint defense army of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Jinsui and Suizhou. Since 1947, he has served as political commissar of the Shaanxi-Gansu Frontier Field Army Group Army, deputy political commissar of the Northwest Field Corps, and deputy political commissar of the Northwest People's Liberation Army Field Army.Assisted Peng Dehuai in commanding the battles of Qinghuabian, Yangmahe, and Panlong, winning three battles and three victories.Then he took part in commanding the Longdong and Trilateral campaigns.In July of the same year, he once again served as the political commissar of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Shanxi-Sui Joint Defense Army, and together with Commander He Long led the armed struggle and rear work in the Northwest.

From February 1949, he served as political commissar of the Northwest Military Region and secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee.After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as a member of the Central People's Government, a member of the People's Military Commission, vice-chairman and acting chairman of the Northwest Military and Political Commission. Since September 1950, he has been the head of the Propaganda Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the deputy director of the Culture and Education Committee of the Government Administration Council.Guided the cultural and educational work in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China.

In September 1953, he served as Secretary-General of the Government Administration Council and Secretary-General of the State Council. In September 1956, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee at the Eighth National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In April 1959, he served as Vice Premier and Secretary-General of the State Council, responsible for the executive work of the State Council.Under the direct leadership of Premier Zhou Enlai, participate in the research and formulation of major national guidelines, policies, and regulations, and participate in important state affairs activities and diplomatic activities.He presided over the formulation of a series of rules, systems, and regulations, and did a lot of meticulous work to regulate the activities of state organs.He practiced thrift, worked diligently and frugally, and established a good style of managing money for the people.He was highly praised by Prime Minister Xie Enlai.

In September 1962, at the Tenth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee, Comrade Xi Zhongxun was framed by Kang Sheng because of the so-called "Liu Zhidan" novel problem.He was brutally persecuted during the Cultural Revolution, and was censored, imprisoned, and guarded for 16 years, but he always maintained a firm belief in communism.Among them, after the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, he was completely rehabilitated. In March 1978, he was elected as a member of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. He later served as the second secretary and first secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and the second political commissar of the Guangdong Military Region.In December of the same year, he was co-opted as a member of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.

In 1979, he became the governor of Guangdong Province. In 1978, he concurrently served as the first political commissar of the Guangzhou Military Region.In September of the same year, he was by-elected as the vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the Fifth National People's Congress. In June 1981, at the Sixth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, he was co-opted as the secretary of the Central Secretariat. In September 1982, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Twelfth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and secretary of the Secretariat, responsible for the daily work of the Central Secretariat. In April 1988, he was elected vice-chairman of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress and concurrently served as chairman of the Internal Affairs and Judiciary Committee. After 1993, he no longer served as a party and state leader. Died in Beijing on May 24, 2002.