Chapter 23 The third red memory

Liu Zhidan (1903-1936), named Jinggui.Born in Luzigou, Jintang Town, Baoan (now Zhidan) County, Shaanxi Province. In 1922, he was admitted to Yushi City Middle School. In 1923, he was elected as the chairman of the Student Self-Government Association. He joined the Chinese Socialist Youth League in 1924 and became a member of the Communist Party of China in the spring of 1925. Arrived in Guangzhou in the winter of 1925. At the beginning of 1926, he entered the artillery department of the fourth phase of the Whampoa Army Branch to study. In the autumn of 1926, he was sent to the Ma Hongkui Division of the Fourth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army as a party representative and political director.

In 1927, Deng Xiaoping went to Shaanxi.As the director of the political department of the Zhongshan Military Academy sponsored by the Communist Party of China, Liu Zhidan was hired as an instructor. In the summer of 1927, Feng Yuxiang followed Chiang Kai-shek's anti-communism and implemented the purge of the party. He ordered Liu Zhidan and more than 20 Communist Party members to be escorted out of the country, and the party sent Liu Zhidan back to Shaanxi to work. In the spring of 1928, the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China sent Liu Zhidan and others to the Shaanxi Army stationed in Luonan to temporarily organize the Xu Quanzhong (member of the Communist Party of China) Department of the Third Brigade to strengthen its leadership over the department. In May, he formed the Northwest Workers and Peasants Revolutionary Army and served as the chairman of the Military Committee.

In March 1929, Liu Zhidan was elected as a member of the Shaanxi Provisional Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and an alternate member of the Standing Committee. He was still in charge of military work in the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee. Entered into the Su Yusheng Department of Gansu Cavalry and served as the deputy head of the 16th regiment. In mid-August 1930, Liu Zhidan went to Suide to participate in the fifth enlarged meeting of the Northern Shaanxi Special Committee, and then returned to northern Shaanxi to engage in military operations. In September 1930, Liu Zhidan returned to the security organization to organize the revolutionary armed forces. In 1931, he was arrested after being denounced by the local gentry for his military movement.After being rescued by the party organization, he broke into the newly organized 13th Brigade of the Gansu Army in Pingliang, and established a brigade in Ning County at the southern end of Qiaoshan, known as the 11th Brigade, with himself as the commander.

September 1931.Established the Nanliang guerrilla team and served as the commander-in-chief. In October 1931, at Linjin Temple in Heshui, Gansu Province, he successfully joined the Shanxi guerrillas led by Yan Hongyan, Yang Chongyuan, and Shi Chujie and the Northern Shaanxi Baoyun Armed Forces. In January 1932, Liu Zhidan served as the deputy commander-in-chief of the Northwest Anti-Imperialist Allied Army and the captain of the second brigade. In February, the Northwest Anti-Imperialist Allied Army was reorganized into the Shaanxi-Gansu Guerrillas of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and Liu Zhidan was appointed as the deputy commander.

In June 1932, Liu Zhidan once served as the commander-in-chief of the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and led the troops to Zhaojin many times to carry out revolutionary activities.Under extremely difficult conditions, he led the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrillas of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army to carry out an arduous revolutionary struggle. On December 24, 1932, the Second Regiment of the 26th Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Army was established, and Liu Zhidan served as the political director of the regiment.In the Zhaojin Revolutionary Base, after the Red Second Regiment failed to attack Miaowan, he succeeded Zheng Yi as chief of staff and became the actual commander-in-chief of the Red Second Regiment.He commanded the Second Red Regiment to fight on the outer line, attacked the landlords and militia armed forces, smashed the "encirclement and suppression" of the Jin revolutionary base by the Kuomintang army and the reactionary militia, and made great contributions to the establishment and development of the Zhaojin revolutionary base.

June 1933.Being hijacked by Du Heng's wrong route, he led the Second Red Regiment to go south.After the failure, he organized the scattered members of the army to carry out an arduous struggle. Under extremely difficult circumstances, he arranged and led the guerrilla struggle in Weibei, captured and shot the tyrant landlord Song Zongwu, and went to Luochuan, Baoan, and Baojiazhai in Taishui. , Malanchuan, and Laoyeling returned to Xuejiazhai in Zhaojin after all the hardships, and was appointed chief of staff of the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Temporary Headquarters of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army.He led the troops to surprise Taishui County; beat the Kuomintang Zhao Wenzhi regiment at Maojiagoumen, and led the troops to a major victory during the low tide of the revolution.

In January 1934, Liu Zhidan served as the commander of the 42nd Division of the 26th Red Army. In May, he served as the chairman of the Revolutionary Military Committee of the Shaanxi-Gansu Frontier.He proposed to establish three guerrilla bases in northern Shaanxi, Longdong, and Guanzhong to support each other.The Kuomintang authorities were greatly alarmed by this. From February 1934, the Kuomintang troops in Shaanxi, Gansu, and Ningxia provinces launched the first "encirclement and suppression" against the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Soviet Area and the Red Twenty-Six Army.Liu Zhidan commanded the main force of the 26th Red Army to accompany the local guerrillas.Achieved nine battles and nine victories.

In February 1935, the CPC Northwest Working Committee and the Northwest Military Commission were established to unify and lead the party and army work in the Northwest root base area formed by the Shaanxi-Gansu border and northern Shaanxi base areas. Liu Zhidan served as a member of the Northwest Working Committee of the CPC, Chairman of the Northwest Military Commission.Liu Zhidan commanded the 26th and 27th Red Army to smash the second "encirclement and suppression" organized by the Kuomintang authorities, liberated six counties successively, realized the intention of linking the Shaanxi-Gansu border and the Northern Shaanxi Soviet area into one, and expanded the guerrilla zone. In more than 30 counties, the population of the Soviet area has exceeded one million, the main force of the Red Army has grown to 5,000, and the number of guerrilla areas has grown to more than 4,000. In more than 20 counties, a worker-peasant democratic regime has been established, which effectively cooperated with the Red Army's northward march, making the The only remaining revolutionary base in the country has become the foothold of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Long March of the Red Army.

In September 1935, Liu Zhidan was imprisoned by the wrong counter-revolutionaries. In October 1935, the Central Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi and was rescued. In early February 1936, he served as the commander of the 28th Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, and led the Chinese People's Red Army's anti-Japanese vanguard to march across the Yellow River. April 14.Unfortunately, when Liu Zhidan commanded troops to attack Sanjiao Town, Zhongyang County, he was shot and died.In June of the same year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to change the name of Baoan County to Zhidan County.

In May 1943, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the people of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region held a grand public funeral ceremony for him, and almost all the leading comrades of the Central Committee in Yan'an wrote an inscription for him.Mao Zedong's inscription reads: "Mass leader, national hero"; Zhu De's inscription reads: "Red Army model"; Zhou Enlai's inscription reads: "For five thousand years, there are thousands of heroes, among the people's heroes, Liu Zhidan is the number one."