Chapter 105 unexpected opponent

A few days later, Yushi Zhao Binglin published "Too Many Faults in the Cabinet of the New Official System", and said to Cixi: The spirit of constitutionalism lies in the House of Representatives. If you don't plan to convene the House of Representatives today, you will just transfer the power of the monarch to the cabinet. What's the point? What Zhao Binglin meant was to say: In a true democratic constitutional system, the cabinet is subject to the supervision of the National Assembly (House of Representatives), but now Yuan Shikai's "New Official System Reform Bill" established the Senior Advisory Council, which is just a simplified version of the National Assembly, and cannot form a government for the cabinet. Sufficient deterrence, if the reform of the official system is carried out according to such procedures, it will inevitably result in the exclusive power of the prime minister.Where did Yuan Shikai want to place the monarch?This kid has bad intentions!

Zhao Binglin still felt that this reason was not strong enough, so he made a more violent exposition: the Queen Mother, Yuan Shikai first established a "responsible cabinet" to sway the imperial power when there was no parliament, mainly for the evil purpose of killing two birds with one stone.He offended Emperor Guangxu during the Reform Movement of 1898, so he was always worried that the emperor would come back and ask him to settle accounts.But now that he is doing this, even if you die one day and a powerless Emperor Guangxu returns, you will not be able to find him to avenge the Reform Movement of 1898.Empress Dowager, let's think about it further. On the surface, it seems that he is just trying to avoid misfortune. It is hard to say that avoiding misfortune is just a smoke bomb to cover his opportunity to usurp the throne (Yuan Shikai has had a gap with the emperor since the 1898 coup, and he is worried that once the empress dowager is promoted, Misfortune will happen. If you want to use the name of constitutionalism, you must first set up a cabinet and transfer the power of the monarch to the cabinet. If you occupy the cabinet position, the king will be warped. record")!

If you think that Zhao Binglin, who speaks bad things to the point, is a stubborn old-fashioned faction who obstructs political reform, then you are wrong. In fact, he is just a thug.These bad words were taught by the master behind him. This expert is the current Minister of Military Aircraft, Qu Hongxuan. Qu Hongxuan has many thugs, but Zhao Binglin is definitely the one who speaks bad things the best. But Qu Hongxuan is a Han Chinese, why did he hinder the good things of eliminating the old and establishing the new, and reforming bad governance? Generally speaking, the court officials with prominent official positions are seldom people with corrupt morals, corrupt lives and incompetence, and they all have such a side worth mentioning.For example, Qu Hongxuan's most worth mentioning is his integrity, which is so honest that he can't rub the sand in his eyes.So he looks down on people who are as greedy as Yikuang and as opportunistic as Yuan Shikai, even though Yuan Shikai and Yikuang are doing something that will benefit the present and benefit the future!

In Qu Hongxuan's eyes, benevolence, righteousness and morality come first, and the country's future comes second.Reforms can be put aside for a while, and officials with low morals like Yuan Shikai and Yikuang can be overthrown! Therefore, Qu Hongxu, Minister of Military Aircraft, not only sent his most proud subordinate Zhao Binglin to attack Yuan Shikai, but also asked Cixi to see Cixi alone many times, and repeatedly reiterated his point of view: Empress Dowager, Yuan Shikai is full of evil intentions, and his enthusiasm for advocating the cabinet system is purely malicious.The replacement of the Military Aircraft Department by the Prime Minister of the Cabinet is not just a matter of changing the name. Once it is established, all the administrative powers of personnel will be decided by the Prime Minister and ministers in consultation.He wants to weaken your power, the Queen Mother, and engage in dictatorship!It must not be approved (Yuan Shikai wanted to take the opportunity to implement the responsible cabinet system, and let Yiqian hold full powers with the prime minister and ministers... He still used the military mechanism to deal with it——Wang Yannian's "Biography of Mr. Wang Rangqing")!

As expected of a close minister who has followed Cixi for many years, his bad words are level, half-truth and half-false, which cannot be disbelieved.Especially the second half: the cabinet is indeed a decentralized organization, Cixi is really worried in her heart, she can give up anything, but she will never give up power.After going through hardships, she finally walked to the center of the stage. She likes everything now and doesn't want to lose her power! After all, Cixi is still old. In the face of power, she gradually forgot her Westernized reform thoughts and became more and more conservative!

After a night of serious thinking, Empress Dowager Cixi issued an important instruction: In order to allow the reform to continue smoothly, we have "five non-discussions" in this reform-non-discussion of the Military Aircraft Department, non-discussion of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, non-discussion of the Eight Banners, The Imperial Academy does not discuss matters, and the eunuchs do not discuss matters.As for Yuan Shikai's "New Official System Reform Proposal", let Comrade Qu Hongxuan and Yi Qiang take it back and make final revisions according to the principle of "five non-discussions"!

Before Qu Hongxuan completes the homework given to him by Cixi, let's refute the arguments of Qu Hongxuan and his younger brothers attacking Yuan Shikai. First, as a high-ranking member of the Han people who supports the army and self-respect, it is possible for Yuan Shikai to hope to take advantage of the constitutional opportunity to enter the cabinet, and even to become the prime minister of the cabinet.However, it is pure nonsense to say that Yuan Shikai wants to use the cabinet to implement autocracy. The rejection of the bureaucratic reform draft itself shows the strength of the political opposition. Once the responsible cabinet advocated by Yuan Shikai is established, although it does not have congressional supervision in the strict sense, it will also have substantial checks and balances from the political opposition. Cabinet autocracy is impossible.

Second, to take a step back, even if there is a cabinet autocracy, it is a much more advanced political system than a simple autocratic monarchy, and it is a necessary transitional form.Because according to historical experience, Britain, France, Germany, and Japan have all gone through the stage of prime minister autocracy to varying degrees, but they have all embarked on their own road to becoming a powerful country—— Robert Walpole, the first Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, has been in office for nearly 21 years, and the economic strength of the United Kingdom has been greatly developed during his administration.

Richelieu, the Prime Minister of France, is extremely authoritarian. He has been in power for eighteen years and has promoted the unity and prosperity of France. Bismarck, the Prime Minister of Prussia, was good at putting aside the parliament and acting arbitrarily. He was known as the "Iron Prime Minister". During his reign, he ended the division of Germany and unified Germany. Ito Hirobumi, Japan's first cabinet prime minister, used his power to suppress political opponents during his tenure, but Japan embarked on the road to power in his hands. Therefore, Qu Hongxuan's theory is completely untenable, and he should not use the reason of "Yuan Shikai intends to create a cabinet dictatorship" to block the constitutional reform!

Well, this is the end of the criticism of Comrade Qu Hongxu, because he can't wait to show his revision results. However, compared with the ability to speak ill, this man's professional ability is far behind. Looking at Qu Hongxuan's plan, it seems that he just copied Yuan Shikai's plan, no!He deleted many things and destroyed Yuan Shikai's original intention of "weakening the monarchy and separating the legislative, executive and judicial powers". For example, although Qu Hongxuan left the cabinet, it was useless.Because he retained the Military Aircraft Department, which was above the cabinet, the emperor could still manipulate state affairs by controlling the Military Aircraft Department.He himself is shouldering the shoulders of the minister of military aircraft and the cabinet ministers. Not to mention, he even got his confidant Lin Shaonian into the military aircraft department.One must know that even including the Chief Minister of Military Aircraft, Yi Kuang, and another Minister of Military Aircraft, Shi Xu, there are only four people in the Military Aircraft Department!

From this point of view, Qu Hongxuan is indeed not greedy for money, because what he is greedy for is fame and power!His struggle with Yuan Shikai and Yikuang is essentially a struggle for power! After seeing Qu Hongxuan's plan, Cixi felt very caring and quite satisfied: just follow Qu Aiqing's plan. The reform of the official system that the people looked up to came to an end. Many people were dissatisfied with this result, the constitutionalists were dissatisfied, and the people were dissatisfied, but Yuan Shikai must be the most dissatisfied. Because under the strong recommendation of Comrade Qu Hongxuan, many censors regarded Yuan Shikai as a stepping stone to become famous and stepped on it fiercely.But the charges they gave Yuan Shikai were similar: trying to weaken the monarchy, domineering, wanting to be Cao Cao! The pressure of public opinion is too great! Under great pressure, Yuan Shikai took the initiative to find Cixi, expressing his willingness to be exempted from various part-time tasks other than the post of governor of Zhili. Repression must rely on heavy troops" still must be controlled by oneself, and the remaining four towns are handed over to the National Army Department. Although Cixi was very skeptical of Yuan Shikai's enthusiasm for "constitutional monarchy", she still expressed high appreciation for Yuan Shikai's behavior of taking the initiative to cut power and taking the overall situation into consideration.In short, Cixi happily agreed to Yuan Shikai's request. Yuan Shikai returned to Tianjin with a heavy heart. disappointment!anger!For more than a year, all kinds of hard work, hard work, hard work and shouting, but such a result has been reaped! Yuan Shikai was not a person who would admit defeat easily. Of course he wanted to express his anger and protest.Taking revenge on the other party is his best way of expression.Since it was severely set aside in the reform of the official system, it will be recovered in the next local self-government!