Chapter 64 Kang's "Bus Letter" that Doesn't Exist

Although the result of Sun Yat-sen's letter was far from ideal, it showed that the national consciousness of the Chinese people had already awakened, and the trend of reform thought showed signs of sparking, and the general trend was irreversible. The hearts of the people are available, the world is full of turmoil, and a mass political movement with scholars as the main body is about to erupt! Fortunately, everyone is a scholar, so they know how to adopt a reasonable and legal method—writing a letter to express their political passion!A slight difference from Sun Yat-sen is that most people choose to speak directly to the emperor.

But the government will not allow anyone to submit suggestions or opinions directly to the emperor, otherwise the emperor will be so busy that he probably won't even have time to eat or go to the bathroom.Therefore, there had to be an institution to handle this matter for the emperor, and after summarizing the opinions and suggestions, they passed them on to the emperor who was in charge of everything. This was the Metropolitan Procuratorate. The Metropolitan Procuratorate system started in the Ming Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty thought it was pretty good, and continued to use it. It is the highest supervision, impeachment and recommendation agency in the country. It may be similar to the current Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, but its power should be greater than that of the Commission for Discipline Inspection.

The Metropolitan Procuratorate has a kind of person called Yushi, who is equivalent to the central discipline inspection and supervision cadres.Among the outstanding ones are Zhang Peilun, Zhang Zhidong, Weng Tonghe and others. Although it shows that the censors in the Qing and Qing dynasties were all about finding faults as their profession, but in the Qing Dynasty, the censors were far less successful than their predecessors in the Ming Dynasty.This is mainly caused by the more concentrated monarchy in the Qing Dynasty than in the Ming Dynasty, especially after Yongzheng established the Military Aircraft Department.

For example, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty was an athlete and often pinched the censors, but the emperor of the Qing Dynasty was a referee, directing the censors below to pinch others. After introducing the Metropolitan Procuratorate, let’s look back at the major events that the Metropolitan Procuratorate was facing in 1895. On April 17 of this year, the "Treaty of Shimonoseki" was signed, which was strongly opposed by people in the ruling and opposition parties.In fact, before the signing of the treaty, a large number of current officials who got inside information had already attacked.These people are mainly Beijing officials, and they have played successively since April 14th, opposing the signing of the "Treaty of Shimonoseki".

Opposition to nature is invalid! After the signing of the treaty, a large number of busses who were waiting in Beijing for the exam knew the news (to explain briefly, the word bus is to commemorate the country’s tradition of using public chariots and horses to pick up candidates for the exam to go to Beijing, so busses can also be superficially understood as juren , Scholars).The officials were filled with righteous indignation and began to jointly write letters. As of May 8, a total of 31 letters were submitted, with 1,555 joint names. Among them, Liang Qichao led 80 letters from Guangdong buses.This is the real story of "writing on the bus" in history.

right?Where did the well-known Kang Youwei's "public letter" go? The answer is no! Looking through the work records of the emperor and the Metropolitan Procuratorate throughout the day, it is certain that there was no such thing as 1,300 buses going to the Metropolitan Procuratorate to demonstrate and being rejected that day.In fact, most of the stories of "Book on the Bus" that are circulating today are based on "Secretary on the Bus" produced by Kang Youwei himself. In other words, Kang Youwei was lying. Then why is he lying?Why do you want to package yourself as a reform standard-bearer?

In fact, this is a glorious image that Kang Youwei deliberately created to attract overseas Chinese to invest in him when he went into exile overseas.But this is not the only time he did this, he also falsified a piece of evidence, and the consequences were even more serious. Then again, did the imperial court adopt the suggestions of those current officials and officials? The advice of this group of people can be divided into four major contents: refusal to make peace, move the capital, train troops, and reform.Anyone with a discerning eye can tell at a glance that it is impossible for the imperial court to agree.There is no need to consider refusal and relocation, but military training and political reform can be considered.Cixi and Guangxu also thought so.

Of course, Cixi, the chairman of the Qing Dynasty, would not admit how much he was guilty of defeating the war, even if he admitted it in his heart, he would not say it out of his mouth.Her old man summed up only one reason for the defeat - the general's command was ineffective, and the army's combat effectiveness was not good. Frankly speaking, Cixi told a part of the truth.The Hunan Army and the Huai Army, which were once in great prosperity, are indeed gone. The army has followed in the footsteps of the Banner Soldiers and the Green Battalion: training was neglected, discipline was lax; opium was smoked, military pay was deducted;

Here, Cixi and Guangxu are not optimistic about their own army; on the other hand, officials and officials also think that they should train troops.So the decision to "build and train the new army" came about.