Chapter 28 28. "Reservoir Dogs" Zhang Jingyao

On the early morning of May 7, 1933, several clear gunshots were heard from the Liuguo Hotel in Beiping City. In the blink of an eye, two young men rushed out of the hotel. The car started, and then ran away in a hurry. The sudden incident came suddenly like a gunshot, but it awakened the morning dreams of the tenants in the store.When people came to a luxury guest room following the gunshots with surprised expressions, they saw the body of a middle-aged man lying in a pool of blood.The victim had a square face, straight nose, thin cheeks, and two mustaches on his mouth. The most notable feature was a mole under his chin, and a tuft of long hair on the mole.

Ladies and gentlemen, what kind of place is Liuguo Hotel (now Huafeng Hotel)?Speaking of it, it is very famous. It is located in Dongjiaomin Lane, which is under the jurisdiction of the concession. It has always been the high-level refuge for those warlords and politicians after they lost power. It was also considered the safest place in China at that time. It was famous during the Republic of China.What is even more surprising is that shortly after the massacre, an explosive news quickly spread: the one who was killed was none other than Zhang Jingyao, a well-known warlord in the early years of the Republic of China!

Speaking of Zhang Jingyao, friends who are familiar with history may immediately think of the "Expelling Zhang Movement" led by Mr. Mao Runzhi. Yes, this "Zhang" refers to Zhang Jingyao, the governor of Hunan at that time. It is true that the Republic of China is a troubled time, but there are sufferings in the world in troubled times, and there are also splendors in troubled times. These heroes and warlords are like the Eight Immortals crossing the sea. Two: Zhang Zongchang and Zhang Jingyao.Coincidentally, these two were born in the same year (1881), and they even died together. One was in 1932 and the other was in 1933, and they were both assassinated and died unexpectedly.

Zhang Jingyao, courtesy name Xunchen, was born in Huoqiu, Anhui Province. He was stubborn since he was a child, and later wandered to Shandong and other places. He happened to meet Yuan Shikai's small station to recruit soldiers. From then on, he turned into a soldier in the new army.However, don't underestimate this group of soldiers, because it was the time when the Beiyang faction was rising, and as long as they were willing to work hard, this group of people had a lot of opportunities.For example, Yuan Shikai set up a camp school in the army. This is a good opportunity, because the students are selected from the new army to study. .

Zhang Jingyao's luck was not bad either, he soon got into the camp school, and at that time there was a shortage of young officers in the new army, so Zhang Jingyao took the opportunity and was promoted step by step. The platoon commander, company commander, battalion commander, and regimental commander climbed up the stairs, and finally climbed to the position of brigade commander, and he was only in his thirties at the time. But having said that, Zhang Jingyao still had some skills at this time. For example, in the suppression of the "White Wolf" in 1913 ("White Wolf" is not a real wolf, but an uprising of refugees in the Central Plains), he led the team thousands of miles in person. Running around, chasing and killing continuously, and finally made great contributions to exterminating the "White Wolf".After the victory in this battle, Zhang Jingyao was immediately promoted to the commander of the 7th Division of the Beiyang Army and was appointed as a lieutenant general, which is rare among soldiers of his age.

Zhang Jingyao was promoted quickly, mainly because the old leader Yuan Shikai appreciated him.Therefore, whenever Zhang Jingyao had the opportunity, he would show his loyalty to Yuan Shikai. For example, when Liang Shizhi, one of the "Six Gentlemen of the Preparatory Security Council" and the leader of the transportation department, engaged in the imperial movement, Zhang Jingyao was one of the active participants.Once, Liang Shiyi and others invited representatives of the governors of various provinces and military and political dignitaries to a banquet in Tongxing Pavilion, and Zhang Jingyao was also invited.The program that night was mainly about preparing and organizing the petition federations of various provinces to fuel the imperial movement. Zhang Jingyao's performance in the banquet was extremely brilliant.I saw this old man holding a pipe in his hand, smoking while beating his legs and shouting loudly: "The president will be promoted to a higher level and become the emperor. All he needs to do is to issue an edict. Who dares not to obey? What is there to discuss? Please what is your wish, what are you doing so hard?"

When Yuan Shikai heard about it afterwards, he was secretly happy but pretended to be furious and said: "To change the state system, the whole country should be approved. Zhang Jingyao, a reckless man, dares to talk nonsense in the public, and see how I punish him." But even so, old Yuan In fact, he was "angry on the outside but happy in his heart". No, after Cai E and others raised the banner of protecting the Chinese army, the first army Yuan Shikai sent to suppress was the Seventh Division led by "Love General" Zhang Jingyao. Zhang Jingyao worked very hard when he fought against the Chinese army in Sichuan, and after he won the first battle, he was worshiped as a general of the army. Unfortunately, Lao Yuan was already terminally ill at this time, and he died soon, and Zhang Jingyao lost his protection.After Duan Qirui came to power, Zhang Jingyao acted according to the wind, and then took refuge in Lao Duan in the name of a fellow villager, and attached himself to the Anhui Clan.

After Duan Qirui took power, he implemented the policy of "unification by force". Zhang Jingyao, who was wandering in the south, was ordered to lead the Seventh Division and Wu Peifu's troops to attack the Hunan-Guangxi coalition forces.Originally, Wu Peifu's 3rd Division attacked first, and Zhang Jingyao's 7th Division followed up. Unexpectedly, Duan Qirui was thicker than Wu, and instead awarded the Hunan Governor to Zhang Jingyao, and asked Wu Peifu's troops to guard Zhang Jingyao in Hengyang. At the South Gate, Wu Peifu hated it, and it also paved the way for Zhang Jingyao's downfall.

After Zhang Jingyao became the military governor, the people of Hunan were out of luck.As a man, Zhang Zhi was extremely greedy. He supervised Xiang for three years, and he searched hard, which was rare at the time.For example, at that time in Changsha City, if anyone died in a family, they had to report it to the Warlord's Office, and the office would send staff to supervise the coffin collection, and then pay a stamp duty fee of one yuan before they could lift the coffin out of the city; Letting go, using it as a means of making money is outrageous.Once, a family surnamed Liu failed to report and was stopped by Zhang Jingyao's soldiers when they left the city.People in Hunan have always been honest and honest, filial piety is the most important thing. Zhang Jingyao's accrual of wealth and his idea of ​​targeting the dead is really unprecedented and shocking, and it will inevitably lead to people's resentment.

After becoming a senior official, Zhang Jingyao became addicted to smoking opium, and he had to take more than a tael of opium every day to manage his affairs.On weekdays, apart from swallowing clouds and puffing, Zhang Jingyao hugged his wives and concubines and had fun. The so-called military and civil affairs were all taken care of by his younger brothers.Zhang Jingyao is not a good person, and his younger brothers are even worse. At that time, the people from Hunan gave their brothers four nicknames, saying: "Big straw bag, second rice bucket, third troublemaker, and fourth bastard." Judging by the behavior of these people, it is indeed true. It's a bastard.

Zhang Jingyao's fourth younger brother, Zhang Jingtang, is the most scoundrel. He proclaims himself "Four Commanders", and often pretends to be gentle and gossip clothes. He often asks his left and right: "Do I look like Kong Ming?" Compete with the four handsome men!" Zhang Jingtang was overjoyed after hearing this.What's even more absurd is that Zhang Jingtang often went in and out of the local wealthy gentry's homes, and when he saw the treasures of other people's homes, he would touch them repeatedly and praise them full of praise.The acquainted host understands what he means, and quickly presents it as a gift; when encountering an unscrupulous one, Zhang Jingtang also uses excuses to forcefully ask for it.Therefore, when the Hunan gentry saw that Zhang Jingtang had come, they secretly told each other: "Kong Ming has come to be a thief again!" Zhang Jingyao came from a military background and lacked culture. When receiving guests, he was often disheveled and sometimes came out barefoot.One time, a Hunan gentry called on Zhang Jingyao for some business. After his attendants led him to the flower hall of the warlord, he saw a shirtless man leaning on a couch smoking, with bare feet, looking like a rickshaw driver. Zhu asked him: "Where is the warlord?" Where?" After hearing this, the man said: "My father is the military governor." Zhu didn't believe him, thinking he was teasing himself, so he yelled at him: "My grandson is the military governor!" Fortunately, someone came out at this time and told Zhu this It is indeed Zhang Jingyao and Zhang Dujun, and the farce is over. Zhang Jingyao's army had a bad military discipline, and the soldiers were bandits. The common people came to complain, but Zhang Jingyao became angry for no reason: "Our army is well-disciplined, and there is no crime in autumn. How dare you destroy our army's reputation?" He ordered his soldiers to beat out the complaining people with military sticks.The Hunan people hated Zhang Jingyao extremely, and called him "Zhang's poisonous fungus". It was also called "Zhang's poisonous fungus", and the proverb also said: "If you call Zhang in a dignified manner, you will be treated with Yao, Shun and Yu soup; one, two, three, four, tigers, leopards and wolves; if Zhang's poison is not eliminated, there is no hope for Hunan." In the early days of the Republic of China, it was often advocated that "people from Hunan governed Hunan", "people from Hubei governed Hubei", and "people from Sichuan governed Sichuan". What does that mean?That is to say, the governors of each province should be served by people from their own provinces to show the meaning of self-government.Zhang Jingyao was from Anhui, and he committed crimes in Hunan. Therefore, people from Hunan Province launched a "dispelling Zhang movement" around 1919. From the master Xiong Xiling to the young Mao Runzhi, they all devoted themselves to this place. in the socialist movement.It's a pity that Zhang Jingyao has a thick face, a black heart, and a hard hand. I will stand still if you say that I am a "poisonous fungus". , what can you do to me? !Therefore, although the "Destroy Zhang Tuan" went to Beijing to petition, it was difficult to move a hair on Zhang Jingyao... The gun is in his hand! The reason why Zhang Jingyao remained motionless had a lot to do with the support from Duan Qirui's Anhui Department.Therefore, Zhang Jingyao also reciprocated and gave full support to the election manipulated by the Anhui faction.When elections were held in Hunan, Anhui politicians thought that with the strong foreign aid of Zhang Jingyao, their election would not be a problem. Unexpectedly, after voting, many people who were not from Anhui were elected, while those designated by the Anhui were defeated.The Anhui people were horrified, and hurriedly asked Zhang Jingyao to think of a way. Zhang Jingyao smiled and said, "You people, thanks to your ability to read and write, you can't handle this shit? It's a trivial matter!" People from the Anhui Department asked him what to do, and Zhang Jingyao said, "What's so difficult about it? Destroy all the ballots and make a new one, that's all." Others said, "In case of public outrage, What can I do?" Zhang Jingyao patted his chest and promised: "If I, Zhang, take the responsibility, the people of Hunan dare to stroke the tiger's beard?" After the election results were announced, all the people from the Anhui Department were on the list, and public opinion was in an uproar. Under the lustful power of her, what can she do? It's a pity that the good times didn't last long. After 1920, the contradictions between Duan Qirui of the Anhui Clan and Cao Kun and Wu Peifu of the Zhi Clan intensified.It turned out that during Zhang Jingyao's two years of peace in Hunan, he relied entirely on Wu Peifu's third division to guard the mountain gate and block the southern army (the French defenders from Yunnan, Guangxi, and Guangdong). But at this time Wu Peifu's army was already waiting in Hengyang. I can no longer be impatient: Think about it, Zhang Jingyao is the overseer, what good is it for me, Wu Peifu, and why should I look after his home? After Wu Peifu's 3rd Division ordered the northward retreat, the other direct Beiyang armies also withdrew. Zhang Jingyao panicked because his 7th Division had already been weakened by corruption.When they first entered Hunan, the 7th Division was as effective as the 3rd Division; but after entering Hunan, these soldiers were pampered, impatient with hard work, and their military discipline was corrupted, so their level was far worse than before.This is especially true for Zhang Jingyao, the chief general. When he suppressed the "White Wolf", he was able to endure hardships and dare to fight, but after becoming a military governor, he only knew how to smoke opium and play with women. Not only did he ignore official business, but he also became timid. Like a mouse. One day, hundreds of bandits looted at Yinpenling outside the south gate of Changsha along the night, and gunshots broke out everywhere.Someone reported to the Warlord's Office by phone that Zhang Jingyao was smoking at this time. He immediately got into a sedan chair, went out of Xiaoximen, and hid on a Japanese merchant ship between Hunan and Han.Zhang Jingyao did not return to the military governor's office until noon. His subordinates reported that it was bandits last night, not the Southern Army. Zhang Jingyao wiped the sweat from his brow and cursed, "Since you are a bandit, why did you lie about the Southern Army? It made me suffer for nothing all night." frightened." Such an army is naturally vulnerable to the attack of the Southern Army.Since Wu Peifu had reached an agreement with the Southern Army before his withdrawal, as soon as Wu Army left, Zhao Hengti's troops of the Hunan Army went north to take over the defense. Within a week, Hengyang, Laiyang, Qiyang, Baoqing and other places fell into the hands of the Hunan Army, and Zhang Jingyao's subordinates Wu Xintian's Department of the First Temporary Division of Hunan Province and Tian Shuxun's Division of the Second Temporary Division quickly fled, and their troops were defeated like a mountain. Seeing that the general situation was over, what Zhang Jingyao could do was to quickly transport the money he had collected in the past two years to the north, and then he abandoned Changsha and withdrew to Yuezhou.Before withdrawing from Changsha, Zhang Jingyao also ordered the general's arsenal to be set on fire in order to avoid the enemy. As a result, the city of Changsha was ablaze, and in the sound of rumbling shells... Zhang Dujun fled. After the defeat, Zhang Jingyao sent a telegram accusing other Beiyang troops of sitting idly by and fleeing without fighting, in order to shirk their responsibility.It is a pity that at this time the Beijing government had long lost confidence in him, and immediately ordered Zhang Jingyao to be dismissed and investigated, and Duan Qirui's brother-in-law Wu Guangxin took over as the governor of Hunan.After Zhang Jingyao fled to Hankou, Wu Guangxin asked him to hand over the two seals of the governor of Hunan and the governor of Hunan. Zhang Jingyao didn't believe it at first, so Wu Guangxin took out a telegram to him. After reading it, Zhang Jingyao angrily demanded that Wu Guangxin take 2 million oceans as exchange print conditions.Wu Guangxin didn't care about this, so he ordered the guards to take off Zhang Jingyao's seal on the spot. Later, Zhang Jingyao, who was in a panic like a bereaved dog, went to Wuchang to look for Wang Zhanyuan, the governor of Hubei, pretending that he still had a division and a brigade. Continue to be his Overseer.Wang Zhanyuan has been in Hubei for seven or eight years, and he has long been an old fox in the officialdom. How could he believe Zhang Jingyao's nonsense, so he refused politely on the spot.After being rejected, Zhang Jingyao still wanted to get angry. Wang Zhanyuan chuckled, and took out another telegram to show him. Zhang Jingyao saw it, butt on the chair and didn't get up for a long time: The telegram clearly stated that Wu Xintian was to act as the agent of the Seventh Division. Master and take in the remnants of Zhang Jingyao! The warlord was gone, and the military power was gone, Zhang Jingyao cried and cried, this time he was completely defeated.Back then, Zhang Jingyao was also a brave general in the Beiyang faction. He didn't expect to be corrupted as a warlord in Hunan for two years, and he turned into the bear he is now.And Zhang Jingtang, Zhang Jingyao's younger brother, was finally caught and executed in Ezhou because of his crimes before. After being quiet for two years, Zhang Jingyao was determined not to give up, and then defected to his mortal enemy Wu Peifu. Unexpectedly, his luck was terrible. He had just been appointed as the commander-in-chief of a certain road reinforcements, but he caught up with Feng Yuxiang and launched a mutiny to overthrow Cao Kun and Wu Peifu. He was also arrested as an accomplice.It is said that Zhang Jingyao was detained together with Li Yanqing, the favorite of Cao Kun and the former head of the income and expenditure department of the Presidential Palace.Li Yanqing was greedy by nature. Once Feng Yuxiang sent someone to collect gun supplies, but Li Yanqing deliberately delayed the delivery until Feng Yuxiang sent 100,000 yuan.Therefore, Feng Yuxiang hated him very much, and immediately ordered Li Yanqing to be shot after the success of the coup.I don't know whether it was on purpose or not, but Zhang Jingyao was also dragged to the execution ground to accompany him, almost scaring him to death. Afterwards, Feng Yuxiang ordered Zhang Jingyao to be kidnapped and denounced his crime of harming Hunan (Feng Yuxiang's troops were also stationed in Hunan at that time). Zhang repeatedly begged for mercy. "Complete Works" (Feng is a Christian), and said to him: "If you can read these two books well, I will let you go." Zhang Jingyao took the book and read it for two months, and he was able to recite it, which is also a genius. After narrowly escaping his life from Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Jingyao joined Zhang Zongchang of the Feng Faction Group as a nominal army commander, thus possessing the military experience of the three cliques of Anhui, Zhi, and Feng, which was really rare among the warlords at that time one sight.But in less than a year, Zhang Zongchang and the Feng faction were defeated by the Northern Expeditionary Army, and Zhang Jingyao lost his backing again, so he had to hide in the Japanese Concession of Dalian as an apartment. At the beginning of 1933, Seishiro Sakagaki, chief of staff of the Japanese Kwantung Army, created "North China specialization" to split China. He first selected suitable candidates from the remnant warlords and frustrated politicians in the former Beiyang, such as Duan Qirui, Cao Kun, Wu Peifu, etc. Everyone is the target of the Japanese, and Zhang Jingyao, who lives in Dalian, is also fortunate to be included in this list.Although the generals of the Beiyang faction were all warlords, most of them still had national integrity. Only Zhang Jingyao was shameless and ready to make a comeback, trying to use the power of the Japanese to make a comeback.Soon, the Japanese Kwantung Army Command secretly appointed Zhang Jingyao as the "Commander-in-Chief of the Pingjin Second Army", and allocated a huge amount of activity funds to assist him in recruiting the old troops to serve as internal support for the Japanese army. After Zhang Jingyao received the money, he happily moved into the Liuguo Hotel in Beiping and began his career as a traitor.His actions were quickly discovered by the Kuomintang spy station in Beiping. When the persuasion failed, the Nanjing side decided to assassinate Zhang Jingyao.It is said that after Dai Li, the Kuomintang special agent, was appointed, he immediately assigned the task to his deputy, Zheng Jiemin, who was also in charge of operations in North China at the time.After careful reconnaissance and planning, Zheng Jiemin decided to send someone disguised as a Nanyang businessman to live in the Liuguo Hotel, and wait for an opportunity to assassinate Zhang Jingyao after finding out the law of Zhang Jingyao's activities.A few days later, the special agent Wang Tianmu and the special operator Bai Shiwei of the Beiping Station in the North China Special Zone assassinated Zhang Jingyao with the assistance of other agents and successfully escaped.That year, Zhang Jingyao was 53 years old. When Zhang Jingyao was in charge of Hunan, the people of Hunan called him a "thief of the people". Later, because he was raised by the Japanese, he was finally annihilated by the secret agents.There are not a few warlords who are thieves, but such slaves with three surnames who are like Zhang Jingyao, who are two thieves and cross the three lines of Anhui, Zhi, and Feng, are rare in the army.