Chapter 16 16. Once across the Chishui River, "Three Provinces of Rooster Crying" Bo Gu gave up power

After losing the First Battle of Tucheng, the Red Army was forced to cross the Chishui River westward.Chishui River is a tributary of the Yangtze River. It originates in Zhenxiong County, Yunnan Province and flows through Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan provinces. Pentium in the mountains at the junction of Guizhou and Sichuan provinces.Due to the red soil along both sides of the river, during the rainy season of May and June every year, mountain torrents continuously wash the red soil into the river, and the whole river turns reddish brown, hence the name Chishui River.Chishui River's length and drainage area are not large, but its reputation far exceeds the river itself.On the one hand, it is because the Red Army created the military miracle of crossing Chishui four times; on the other hand, this short river actually produces more than 60% of China's top liquor, known as the River of Fine Wine.In the text of the following chapters, you will read stories about the battle and wine on this river one after another.

The night of January 28, 1935 was an anxious, tense and exhausting night, and the Red Army was still in a dangerous situation.On the front line, the guns of the Red Army and the Sichuan Army continued to clash; on the Chishui River, engineers were building a bridge with difficulty and tension.The location of the bridge was decided by Zhou Enlai personally leading experienced engineers and combat staff.When Lin Biao arrived in Tucheng a few days ago, he had seized a pontoon bridge on the Chishui River. They did not destroy the pontoon bridge, but it needed some repairs before it could be used.The engineers and soldiers were ordered at the same time to erect two more pontoon bridges before sunrise.Zhou Enlai, who stayed up all night, went to the scene three times to supervise the command, and sent people to the bridge erection point three times to check the progress.The weather was fine, there was no more snow, and the severe cold eased slightly.The river surface is wide, the river water is shallow and stable, and the dry season in winter has helped the engineers and soldiers a lot.If it was the wet season in May and June, it would be much more difficult for the engineers and soldiers to build the bridge. They went smoothly and the pontoon bridge was built very wide.The engineer company completed the task on time, and by dawn, the entire army had crossed the Chishui River westward in light clothes.In order to prevent the enemy from following up, the Red Army obtained the consent of the villagers, and after paying compensation for the boats collected from them (used to build the bridge), they loaded each boat with explosives and blew up the pontoon bridge, including the pseudo-area. The 12 salt boats collected by the chief forcibly.

The Red Army Corps led by Lin Biao received a new order. Originally, he was ordered to return to Tucheng, but now he was ordered to cross the river before the enemy blocked the ferry. thick) across the river. After the Red Army crossed the Chishui River, the Sichuan Army fighting in Tucheng lost its combat target and could not find the whereabouts of the Red Army for a while.The Red Army always seemed to be erratic like this, and appeared in surprising places for quite a long time afterwards.Shortly after passing Chishui, the right army of the Red Army turned to the direction of Lianghe town between Xuyong and Gulin, and the central column joined the left army and marched towards Tashi (now Weixin, Yunnan).

Entering this area, the Red Army truly felt the Guizhou characteristics of "the sky is not sunny for three days, the land is not three feet flat, and people are not three cents silver."The weather was either drizzle or misty. The Red Army walked through the mountain roads, and the people they saw were thin and short, and most of them lived in thatched huts.Even in the severe winter, they are not covered with clothes, as if they will be blown down by a gust of wind.Such desolation and poverty brought a great benefit to the Red Army. The enemy army was extremely reluctant to come to such barren places, and there were no major battles along the way.After the Red Army entered Yunnan, the pursuing Sichuan Army and Qian Army also stopped their pursuit.The Red Army was temporarily out of danger, and it was indeed a relatively lucky escape.

After crossing Chishui, the Red Army passed through many small roads that had never been traversed in Hunan and Guizhou provinces since the Long March.In particular, Lianghe Pass (that is, Weixin Liangheyan in Yunnan) is the most dangerous.Liangheyan is about 5 kilometers away from Weixin County. It is a combination of cliffs and cliffs of two mountains, with a small crack in the middle. The two rocks are almost merged into one rock, so it is called Liangheyan.When the Red Army came here, there was the Tashi River in the cliffs on both sides, and they could not walk. They could only pass through the plank road dug on one side of the cliff.As long as the road is broken by 5 feet, the army cannot pass.Now the road is no longer dangerous. The road from Weixin to Shikan was built in 1973. The road passed through the cracks of Liangheyan, and the road was built along the river by blasting rocks. A moon-shaped arch bridge with 2 large arches and 6 small arches was erected. , A 90-meter mountain rock tunnel was dug through, and the previous natural moat became a thoroughfare.

After crossing Chishui, Bogu, who was considered a representative of "Left" dogmatists, still held the position of secretary of the Central Secretariat. After Li De left, Bogu was actually deprived of the right to lead the work of the whole party.Although Bogu is holding a false position, many people are still more and more dissatisfied with him, hoping to replace him and elect a new leader. On February 5, 1935, the column of the Military Commission of the Red Army arrived at Shuitian Village in Tashi, Yunnan (now Shuitian Township, Weixin County).This place is located at the junction of the three provinces of Sichuan, Yunnan, and Guizhou. At that time, it had a wonderful name called "Three Provinces of Chicken".Its name comes from the unique natural geographical conditions.This place is the confluence of the Chishui River and the Wei River, called the Chahe River—the confluence of the rivers forms the junction point of the three provinces, and naturally forms three impact fans.These three fans belong to Xuyong County in Sichuan, Zhenxiong and Weixin counties in Yunnan, and Bijie County in Guizhou.It is said that a long time ago, there lived a family at the junction of three provinces, and each of the three families had a big rooster that announced the dawn. No matter which rooster of the three families crowed first, the other two could hear the rooster crowing, so this place was called "Three provinces of chicken crowing".

When the Red Army marched into the paddy fields, the common people were afraid of being dragged away by the army because they didn’t know the truth. Almost all the middle-aged men left the stockade and hid, probably on the nearby mountains. On the night of the 5th, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee held a meeting in the "flower house" in the paddy field (because the doors, windows, and walls were engraved with patterns of flowers, birds, grass and insects, it was called a "flower house"), reorganized the central leadership, and revoked Bogu's As the secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, Luo Fu will succeed him in charge of the work of the General Secretary of the Central Committee.In this regard, Zhou Enlai also had a more accurate memory later. He remembered that in a small village called "Three Provinces of Chicken Ming", Luo Fu replaced Bogu.

After Luo Fu was elected as the head of the Central Committee, he immediately presided over the daily division of labor of the Central Standing Committee and decided to let Mao Zedong assist Zhou Enlai in military command. Mao Zedong entered the core military command circle and gradually assumed the important task of commanding the Red Army.It is only now that the Red Army has obtained a crucial new turning point in command.Although Mao Zedong also received pressure and criticism from various quarters during the march, he always received strong support from Luo Fu.It is said that in Huafang, as long as Mao Zedong nodded, he could be the head of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. At that time, Zhou Enlai, Zhang Wentian, Wang Jiaxiang and others all elected Mao Zedong to replace Bogu.For various reasons, Mao Zedong recommended Zhang Wentian (as mentioned earlier, he, like Bogu, also studied at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow).As it turned out, they had been happily cooperating throughout the Long March.The Red Army stayed only one night in the "Three Provinces of Jiming", and marched into Tashi City the next day.

Bogu, who was dismissed from his post, was less than 28 years old in early 1935. He was very young, not tall, thin and strong, wearing deep glasses, his movements were a little uncoordinated and unsteady, and he always seemed very nervous.He began to study at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow in 1926 and was deeply influenced by the thought of the Communist International.He is active in thought and has the demeanor of a statesman.Wu Xiuquan (who also studied at Sun Yat-Sen University and served as Li De's translator) once mentioned in his memories that Bo Gu was both scholarly and sharp-edged when he was a student.After Bogu became the person in charge of the central government, he remained in this style until the eve of the Zunyi meeting.

Although Bogu had mistakes and deviations in leading the Red Army in combat, he was upright, of noble character, and loyal to the revolution with one heart and one mind.After Bogu no longer served as the secretary of the Central Secretariat, he handed over several loads of picks containing important documents and the seal of the Party Central Committee.After that, relying on his talents, he was appointed as the president of Jiefang Daily and Xinhua News Agency in 1941.Bogu is proficient in Russian and has translated many works such as "Karl?Marx", "Communist Manifesto", "The Development of Socialism from Utopia to Science" and other books introducing the communist movement. In 1946, Bogu, as one of the representatives of the Communist Party of China, went to Chongqing to participate in the comprehensive group meeting of the Political Consultative Conference.But unfortunately, when he returned to Yan'an from Chongqing by plane, due to weather reasons, the plane crashed and died. He was only 39 years old when he died.Also on the same plane are Wang Ruofei and Ye Ting.

On February 6, the Red Army came to Tashi under heavy snowfall, which happened to be the third day of the first lunar month.The Red Army held another meeting in Tashi, mainly discussing the situation facing the Red Army and resolving the direction of the Red Army's next advance.When the Central Red Army arrived in Tashi, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized 3 brigades of the Yunnan Army, more than 10 brigades of the Sichuan Army pressed from north to south, and Zhou Hunyuan's troops of the Central Army also rushed towards Tashi.At the Tashi Conference, Mao Zedong advocated the transfer of the Red Army to northern Guizhou.According to the deciphered top-secret telegram "Combat Strategy" (to deal with the Red Army) released by Yunnan Provincial Chairman Long Yun on the 7th, he decided to take advantage of the opportunity when the enemy's attention was concentrated on the front line in southern Sichuan and the northern part of Guizhou was relatively empty. The Red Army's specialty in mobile warfare is to attack Tongzi and Zunyi, where the enemy's forces are relatively weak.It is worth mentioning that since the intelligence error of the Tucheng Battle, the intelligence personnel of the Red Army have learned a lesson, and in the following months of work, they have never made any mistakes, and made great contributions to the Red Army's escape from Chiang Kai-shek's siege and interception.