Chapter 41 40. Pudong Development

Because of its successful economy and urban planning, Pudong is a model for the development of new urban areas in Chinese cities.The Pudong New Area is located on the east bank of the Huangpu River, across the Huangpu River is the bustling Bund.However, this land of 570 square kilometers has not been used for a long time. Compared with the prosperity of Puxi, Pudong is like a dark place in Shanghai. On April 8, 1990, with the support of Deng Xiaoping, the Party Central Committee and the State Council made a decision to develop and open Shanghai Pudong. world" development policy.As a result, the situation of reform and opening-up "Shenzhen in the 1980s and Pudong in the 1990s" emerged very quickly. Pudong established Shanghai's financial center, biomedical park, and high-tech park.Since then, the development of new urban areas in various cities in China has almost always taken Pudong as a sample.

In January 1990, Deng Xiaoping celebrated the Spring Festival in Shanghai.The old man had already formed the habit of celebrating the Spring Festival in Shanghai, but this was the first time that the most respected politician in China at that time celebrated the Spring Festival in Shanghai as an opponent. Less than a year ago, on September 4, 1989, Deng Xiaoping wrote a resignation letter to the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, requesting his resignation.On November 9 of this year, when all members of the Central Committee agreed to Deng Xiaoping's resignation, he was considered to have truly retired.The writer Ling Zhijun later commented, "In the history of contemporary China, this day can leave a page. The party leader's 'life-long tenure' was disintegrated on this day, and the third generation of leading collectives really started from this day. own history."Deng Xiaoping himself made up his mind to retire from now on and no longer interfere in political affairs.Deng Xiaoping said to the new generation of leadership: "If you have something to ask me, I will not refuse, but it can't be the same as in the past... I have realized this problem for many years. The fate of a country is based on the reputation of one or two people. It is very unhealthy and very dangerous.” He believes that China has completed what he calls the transition from the second generation of leadership to the third generation of leadership, and he said to his family: “After retirement, my ultimate wish is to live as a real civilian. Life."

However, Ling Zhijun himself wrote that not many people would think that Deng Xiaoping would stay out of the matter from now on. "When Deng Xiaoping's resignation was made public, many ordinary people thought that although he resigned, he might not necessarily resign."Kissinger and Lee Kuan Yew, who met Deng Xiaoping, also thought so. Deng Xiaoping, who came to Shanghai for the first time as a commoner to celebrate the Spring Festival, consciously or unconsciously promoted the determination of the central government and the Shanghai Municipal Government to develop Pudong.When Zhu Rongji reported to Deng Xiaoping the vision and preparations for the development of Pudong—Zhu Rongji was the party secretary and mayor of Shanghai at the time—Deng Xiaoping said that this is a good thing, it should have happened long ago, but it was a pity that it was five years late.Another argument comes from Li Junru, vice president of the Central Party School.Li Junru recalled that during Deng Xiaoping’s Spring Festival in Shanghai, “he asked the comrades in Shanghai to think about what major actions they could take to set up the banner of China’s reform and opening up in the world.” The Shanghai municipal government has been planning to develop Pudong Just push the boat along the way and take the Pudong development as a banner.

Next, Deng Xiaoping fully promoted the development of Pudong with his opposition. In mid-February 1990, when the old man left Shanghai and returned to Beijing, he once again stated to Zhu Rongji: "You propose to develop Pudong, and I agree." On February 17, Deng Xiaoping received all members of the Hong Kong Basic Law Drafting Committee. Several central leaders said: "I have stepped back, but there is one more thing I want to say, that is, the development of Pudong in Shanghai, you should pay more attention to it." On March 3, when talking with Jiang Zemin, then General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, and Li Peng, Premier of the State Council, Deng Xiaoping mentioned Shanghai again, "For example, seizing Shanghai is a big measure. Shanghai is our trump card, and building Shanghai is a shortcut. The old man also suggested that Premier Li Peng be responsible for the major measures of Pudong development.

On April 18, 1990, Li Peng inspected Shanghai and announced that the central government and the State Council agreed that Shanghai would speed up the development of the Pudong area and implement the policy of economic and technological development zones and certain special economic zones in Pudong. In 1991, Deng Xiaoping, who went to Shanghai for the Spring Festival, once again encouraged the Shanghai government officials who reported to him on the development of Pudong, saying: "Shanghai is late in development, so we must work hard! Shanghai people are smart and of good quality. The Special Economic Zone is not like this now. If Pudong was developed a few years ago like the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone, the development of Pudong will have a great impact. It is not just a problem of Pudong, it is a problem related to the development of Shanghai, and it is the use of Shanghai as a base The issue of developing the Yangtze River Delta and the Yangtze River Basin. Pay close attention to the development of Pudong and don’t waver until it is completed.”

In the spring of 1992, Deng Xiaoping came to Pudong again.Accompanied by Wu Bangguo, then Secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, and Huang Ju, Mayor of Shanghai, the old man inspected the construction sites of Nanpu Bridge and Yangpu Bridge. In December 1993, Deng Xiaoping stepped onto the completed Yangpu Bridge and recited a poem: "Looking at today's road is better than reading a century-old book." All these were written by Zhao Qizheng in his book "Pudong Logic: Pudong Development and Economic Globalization" published in 2007.Zhao Qizheng was the deputy mayor of Shanghai at that time and also the director of the management committee of Shanghai Pudong New Area.In the 1980s, when Zhao Qizheng served as the deputy director of the Organization Department of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, Minister Zhao was already famous for his new style of thinking, quick thinking and open concept.It is said that people at that time loved to listen to Zhao Qizheng’s speeches when they were in meetings, because unlike other leaders, Zhao Qizheng’s speeches did not need scripts, and he used various concepts and terms of science and engineering to explain complex social changes. The people in the audience were delighted to hear all kinds of phenomena.

Ling Zhijun's description of Pudong and Zhao Qizheng in his book is quite vivid: "Shanghai people have now learned a sentence: 'Look at Shenzhen in the 1980s, and look at Pudong in the 90s'. Extending 13 kilometers eastward from the Huangpu River, there is a place called A small town called Zhangjiang is now enclosing a piece of land of 10 square kilometers, flattening the rice fields, and repairing roads. Don’t you have Peking University and Tsinghua University in Zhongguancun? I have Fudan Jiaotong University in Shanghai, which is not bad at all, so I am ambitious He intends to build a Silicon Valley in the south of the Yangtze River. Zhao Qizheng, deputy mayor of Shanghai, walks around this land with foreign guests every day. They exaggerately say that "seventy percent of the cranes in the world are erected in Shanghai." Correct, I am quite proud to say that as long as you give it a handful of rice, it will surely lay golden eggs for you."

Indeed, Zhao Qizheng spent most of his time dealing with people. He had to accompany various visiting dignitaries to visit Pudong, and he had to keep persuading those hesitant businessmen to start investing in Pudong. In 1994, Zhao Qizheng led his management committee of Pudong New Area to Shanghai Pudong Rishang held in San Francisco, USA to attract investment for the new area.Zhao Qizheng later recalled that after introducing the situation in Pudong, he typed a letter written to him by the president of an American company on the multimedia screen. Thinking about it, I want to wait and have a look.Mayor Zhao please don't worry.

Zhao Qizheng immediately said to the representatives of 150 multinational companies listening in the audience: "Please don't mix politics and economics together. Just when you are hesitating, wait and see, Germany, France, Japan, etc. Entrepreneurs from China have already taken the lead. Now, the streets of Shanghai are full of Santanas and Audis, and there are few American cars; people use household appliances made in Japan, and they don’t even know what brand-name appliances are available in the United States; you AT&T is famous all over the world, The only thing missing is the huge market in China, the Belgian company Bell has already occupied this commanding height..."

After these companies went to Pudong, Zhao Qizheng still had some weird ideas.These ideas cost almost nothing, but they make the other person feel comfortable.Like giving gifts.When the Shanghai branch headquarters of the People's Bank of China moved from Puxi to Pudong on June 28, 1995, he gave this financial institution, which attracted countless banks to move to Pudong, a cute little white sheep, which means "leader". ——Sure enough, the flock followed, followed by Fuji Bank, HSBC, Citibank, etc.; and the gift of Fuji Bank, the first foreign bank to move to Pudong, was a galloping horse carved in mahogany. Zhao Qizheng said that Represents "leading the horse"; Shanghai China Merchants Building was completed in Pudong, and Zhao Qizheng sent a wood carving of an eagle, saying that China Merchants has eagle-like sharp eyes and wants to fly high like an eagle; Yaohan International Group moved its headquarters from Hong Kong to Pudong , Zhao Qizheng presented a picture of a penguin at the reception, because Kazuo Wada, the president of Yaohan, always liked to say that he was a penguin that went into the water first; he gave it to Taihua International Bank "Vientiane Renewal" - a group of elephant wood carvings; For the Shanghai Power Exchange is "Jinniuwangshi" - a fiberglass statue of a bull and a bear...

Zhao Qizheng wants to build several skyscrapers in Pudong, making them a landmark building like the World Trade Center and the Empire State Building in New York.Therefore, he met Minoru Mori, the president of Mori Co., Ltd.Minoru Mori was born in a business family. His father accumulated wealth equivalent to the richest man in the world at the time of his death.Minoru Mori boldly decided to build the tallest building in the world by the standards of the time in Pudong. When the building was originally planned, Pudong was still a barren area. After experiencing the financial crisis in 1997, the September 11 terrorist attack in 2001 and the impact of SARS in 2003, Global Financial Center was finally completed in 2008.The financial crisis once made this Japanese real estate company face difficulties. It is well known that Japan has been greatly affected by this crisis; 9/11 made the construction of high-rise buildings a matter worth considering; SARS had an impact on its construction and Japan's travel to and from the mainland.It was also accompanied by Chinese nationalists questioning the building-in the end, Sen decided to modify the design of the building, changing the circular space on the roof where the Ferris wheel was originally intended to be installed into a rectangular row-in the end, this made Lou was nicknamed a giant bottle opener. 1614 feet long bottle opener.The twists and turns have put off the banks and consortiums that originally backed Mori's building; domestically, the project was considered too reckless to be completed.So Mori continued to use his own money to buy back shares. As a result, Mori Building Co., Ltd.'s shares rose from the initial 30% to the current 80%. On the opening day of the Olympic Games, Hu Jintao held a state banquet for visiting guests in the Great Hall of the People.Minoru Mori was among those entertained guests.He said he was honored that a Japanese businessman could be so valued.He said that he hopes that this building can become a new landmark of Shanghai. After a few years, if people want to come to China and Shanghai, they must visit the World Financial Center. Zhao Qizheng is a supporter of Minoru Mori.On the day of the opening of the World Financial Center in 2008, Minoru Mori distributed the Chinese, English and Japanese versions of "Pudong Logic" on the spot - the Japanese version was translated by Minoru Mori.Now this building, together with the Jinmao Building next to it, occupies the skyline of Pudong. It is reported that next to these two tall buildings, another taller skyscraper "Shanghai Center" will rise from the ground.The three buildings are just in the shape of finished characters. Zhao Qizheng was once called "Mr. Pudong".He always said with a smile that Deng Xiaoping was the planner of Pudong, and he was just lucky enough to participate.But his love for Pudong may be unmatched. On Christmas 1996, Zhao Qizheng composed a song about Pudong, the lyrics of which are: Hello, Pudong.A beautiful Chinese boy who grew up on the banks of the Yangtze River and breathed the cool breeze of the Pacific Ocean. Hello, Pudong.A young man who is growing up, integrates ancient and modern wisdom, and faces the journey of the 21st century. Hello, Pudong.You radiate enthusiasm from all over the world, and people all over the world love you. After leaving Shanghai, Zhao Qizheng still defended Pudong: "Now there is a misunderstanding that the development of Pudong is a special case of urban development. Significance...Although it has an individual aspect, it also has a more universal aspect.” Zhao Qizheng was not disappointed, and the construction of new towns all over China that started with Pudong as a model has continued one after another since Pudong, and cannot stop.