Chapter 32 2. Lagu Su Ma

Lagu Su Ma was a special court lady in the Qing Dynasty.She was the dowry daughter of Concubine Zhuang when she got married, and she had experienced the five dynasties of Tianming, Tiancong, Chongde, Shunzhi, and Kangxi.She is dexterous and good at female celebrities, and she participated in the establishment of the crown and clothing system in the early Qing Dynasty.However, there is a saying that Aunt Su Ma and Emperor Kangxi are so in love with each other, is that true?Please see the historical facts. First, from the perspective of age.Aunt Su Ma is a member of the Horqin tribe of the Mongolian nationality and was born in a poor herdsman's family.Her name is Su Mo'er, and she is known as "Lagu Su Ma". "Xiaoting Miscellaneous Records" records that Aunt Su Ma "doesn't bathe all year long, but on New Year's Eve, she uses it for washing and drinks the dirty water herself as a cloud of repentance."This engraves the old customs of her grassland culture that regards water as life.Xiaozhuang, who was only 13 years old, married Huang Taiji, and brought Lagu Su Ma, who was similar in age, to Shenyang, Shengjing, as a maid.

Emperor Kangxi was born in the eleventh year of Shunzhi (1654), about 40 years younger than Aunt Su Mala, and they should be related by grandparents and grandchildren.Aunt Su Ma is smart, studious and savvy, fluent in Mongolian and Manchu.Write beautiful Manchu.Xiao Zhuang chose her as Xuan Ye's "Hand-taught Credentials".When Xuan Ye was young, he "relyed on his training and taught the national books". (Volume 4 of "Xiaoting Xulu") Lagu Su Ma was the first teacher of Emperor Kangxi. Second, from the perspective of the master-servant relationship.Let me start with two things.First, Xiaozhuang sent "three Manchu women" who concealed their real identities to seek medical treatment from Jesuit Tang Ruowang, and the patients recovered quickly.The person who sought medical treatment and recovered was Borzigit, the unmarried queen of Emperor Shunzhi.Xiaozhuang sent Aunt Su Ma to send a generous gift to Tang Ruowang to express his gratitude.Second, after Fulin's wedding, the minister of the interior, Xina Buku, was dissatisfied with Lagu Su Ma, and when he met La Gu Su Ma, he beat her and injured her. (Tan Qian's "Beiyoulu Jiwenxia") This shows that Lagu Su Ma sometimes rode out of the palace on horseback to work for the queen mother.

During the Shunzhi period, pox was prevalent in Beijing. Emperor Kangxi's eldest brother Niu Niuqian died, and his second brother Fuquan was fostered in the home of a minister.After Xuanye was born, Xiaozhuang ordered Lagu Su Ma to take care of his grandson.When Emperor Kangxi was about three years old, in order to avoid acne, he lived in a house in the east of Beichangjie Road (renamed Fuyou Temple during Yongzheng) outside the Xihua Gate of the palace city.Emperor Kangxi recalled in his later years: "Emperor Shizu Zhang had no acne when I was young, so he ordered his nanny to watch him outside the Forbidden City. My parents were under my knees, and I didn't have a day of joy." ) Emperor Kangxi avoided pox outside the palace when he was young, and he recovered from the pox shortly before the death of the emperor's father and returned to the palace.The young Xuanye was mainly raised by three people - the nanny Pu Shi (first the wet nurse of Emperor Shunzhi), the wet nurse Guar Jia and Su Ma Lagu.They took good care of Xuanye day and night, and they were attentive day and night, "be cautious and diligent, only love and harmony". (Volume 239 of "Eight Banners General Records" revised by Ertai and others)

Third, from Nadeshiko's experience.Aunt Su Ma not only raised Xiaozhuang's son Fulin and grandson Xuanye, but also raised his great-grandson, Emperor Kangxi's twelfth son Prince Yunxuan (tao) for nearly 10 years.Concubines and concubines and above in the Qing Dynasty can raise the prince, and Lagu Su Ma raises the emperor's twelfth son, Yunxuan, as a concubine.Yunyu was born in the twenty-fourth year of Kangxi (1685), and his biological mother was Wanliu Hashi (at the age of 97).Aunt Su Ma took care of the three generations of princes, Fulin, Xuanye, and Yunxuan, for 62 years. She was a court lady with a special identity and status in the early Qing court.

Fourth, from the emotional appellation.Xiaozhuang has been a widow for 44 years, has lived through the five dynasties, and has weathered wind and rain. Aunt Su Ma accompanied her around.Fulin sometimes does not see her mother during menstruation, and Xuan Ye lives outside the palace to avoid acne, and Lagu Su Ma often goes to look after her.Although Xiao Zhuang is the mother of the country, she is extremely dignified, but as a woman, she cannot live without someone who can tell her heart, and Lagu Su Ma, who is smart and considerate, is accompanied by a heart that is also lacking in emotion. Comforting her, she is Xiao Zhuang's close friend and confidant who can talk about everything.In the Shi Palace, Aunt Su Ma was called "E Nie Mama" ("E Nie" means "E Niang, mother" in Manchu, and can also be used to refer to older women in general).They are also called Gege, Erniang, and mother and aunt, just like family members.The titles of Aunt Su Ma reflect her relationship with Xiaozhuang, Xuanye and their children.Xuan Ye called her "Ernie", and the princes and princesses called her "Mother", which made sense.Aunt Su Ma has no children, and she has a grandmother's love for Xuan Ye who has been taking care of her for many years.

Fifth, from the perspective of job status.Xuan Ye is an emotional person.When he was young, he was rarely caressed by his biological parents. After succeeding to the throne, he was very close to those who had taken care of him when he was a child, such as wet nurses and nanny.The nanny Park and the nurse Guerjia were conferred the titles of "Mrs. Fengsheng" and "Mrs. Baosheng" respectively.After they passed away, Xuan Ye came to condolences in person, and sent officials to offer sacrifices to the former five times and the latter four times.Emperor Kangxi did not call the deceased a "nursing mother" ("Nurse Ernie" in Manchu), but an "Amu" ("Enie" in Manchu, that is, mother), reflecting his respect for the Guerjia family. Sincere feelings.Lagu Su Ma, Guerjia family and Pu family are the three elders respected by Emperor Kangxi.

Aunt Su Ma's status in the palace is not high, she is under the concubine, between the "master" and the palace servant.According to this title, she received a lot of money and goods from the palace, and the amount was even less than Xuanye's wet nurse.Xuanye has deep affection for both the Guerjia family and La Aunt Su Ma, but comparing the two, he is closer to the Guar Jia family and more respectful to La Aunt Su Ma, because the former is his wet nurse and the latter The latter is his grandmother-type enlightenment teacher. Sixth, from the funeral of sickness.At the end of August in the forty-fourth year of Kangxi (1705), Aunt Su Ma suffered from "bloody dysentery", diarrhea more than ten times a day and five or six times at night.Emperor Kangxi issued a decree: "Let Twelfth Elder Brother (Yun Yu) take care of her day and night." She refused to take medicine, but only agreed to wear a hemostatic stone on her body.She said that the master originally knew that she "had never taken any medicine since childhood".Aunt Su Ma died of illness at the age of nearly ninety, 18 years since Xiao Zhuang passed away.After the young prince in Beijing knew about it, he rushed to the sick bed immediately.Emperor Kangxi Zhu commented: "Store my mother (body) for seven days before washing and dressing. Since I will not arrive in Beijing until the fifteenth day (of this month), I will store it for another seven days and make a decision when I get home." Yun Yu requested " Within a hundred days, offer meals and chant scriptures on the third day of the week."get permission.

After the death of Aunt Su Ma, she was "buried as a concubine and placed beside the Zhaoxi Mausoleum as a show of favor" (Volume 4 of "Xiaoting Xulu").The funeral ceremony of the concubine in the Qing Dynasty was stipulated by Kangxi: "The emperor will stop the court for three days when the concubine dies. Below the palace and above the clan, they will wear plain clothes within two days and do not sacrifice to the gods; the concubine will be born and raise the prince and prince Fujin, cut off the braid and cut the hair , pick off the crown and fringe, remove the jewelry and make clothes, remove the clothes on the 27th, and shave the head on the 100th." ("Guangxu Daqing Huidian Cases" volume 495)

The life of Aunt Su Ma is worth thinking about.Aunt Su Ma is a loyal, trustworthy, diligent, diligent and consistent elder who has experienced the destiny, Tiancong, Chongde, Shunzhi, and Kangxi in the five dynasties of the Qing Dynasty. maid of honor.In the end, Rong was buried as a concubine, which was regarded as comfort for the soul.Aunt Su Ma's status is not high, and she doesn't earn a lot of money, but she is "respectful and diligent, only loving and peaceful", was respected during her lifetime, and missed after her death. This life is enough! But contrary to Lagu Su Ma, the end of the palace maid Wu Niu was very tragic.