Chapter 27 3. Princess Kejing

When a princess of the Qing Dynasty gets married, it must be said that the Manchu-Mongolian marriage is a marriage.The Qing, Manchu and Mongolian marriages lasted nearly 300 years. There were 432 princesses and Gegeda who married Mongolian princes, and 163 daughters of Mongolian princes. (Du Jiaji's "Research on Manchurian-Mongolian Marriage in the Qing Dynasty") According to statistics, among the 61 princesses married to Mongolia, 31 were married to the Mongolian Borzigit family alone, accounting for about half of them.Among the 8 titled princesses of Emperor Kangxi, 6 were married to Mongolian foreheads.There were 82 princesses in the Qing Dynasty, with an average age of 23.1 years, and 45 of them married as adults, with an average age of 38.8 years.I introduce Princess Kejing, who is married to the Khalkha tribe of Mongolia.

Princess Kejing, born in the 18th year of Kangxi (1679), was born of the nobleman Guo Luoluo. She was raised by her aunt and Concubine Yi of Emperor Kangxi since she was a child. She is the sixth daughter among the 20 daughters of Emperor Kangxi, ranking fourth The princess was the first princess in the Qing Dynasty to marry far away from Khalkha Mongolia (now Outer Mongolia).Emperor Kangxi had 20 daughters, with an average life expectancy of 16.75 years.Among the married adults, the highest age is 57 for the fourth princess, and the youngest is 19 for the tenth princess, with an average life expectancy of 37.75 years.There were 8 married adults, including 4 from Inner Mongolia and 2 from Outer Mongolia.The sixth daughter of the emperor (the fourth princess) was married to Prince Dundobdorji of Khalkha Mongolia for the stability of Mobei Mongolia. , Lin) Prince played a major historical role in the stability of Moxi Mongolia.

The selection of the son-in-law, Princess Kejing, was personally selected by the emperor's father, Emperor Kangxi, and approved by the empress dowager.At that time, the three Mongolian tribes of Khalkha were headed by the Tushetu Khan tribe, and Jebtsundamba lived in Xikulun (Ulaanbaatar) on the inside, and bordered on Russia on the outside. (Volume 521 of "Manuscripts of Qing History Fan Department IV") Therefore, Emperor Kangxi attached great importance to the relationship with the Tuxietu Khan Department.In the 30th year of Kangxi (1691), Duolun Nuoer (today's Duolun) met in an alliance, and Galdan Dorji, the son of Tuxietu Khan Chahun Dorji, was granted the title of Duoluo County King.Chahun Doerji's younger brother is Jebtsundamba.With this alliance as a symbol, Khalkha Mongolia was officially included in the territory of the Qing Dynasty.Galdan Dorji died the following year, and ordered his eldest son, Dundob Dorji, to inherit the throne of Zasak County.This year, Emperor Kangxi met the 16-year-old Zasak County King, and made a marriage between the 13-year-old Fourth Princess and the County King in his heart.

In November of the thirty-sixth year of Kangxi (1697), the 19-year-old Princess Kejing married the 22-year-old Dundobdorji, the king of Zasak County, in Beijing.The dowry includes: 100 Hada pieces, 30 Zhou silk handkerchiefs, 40 Shu brocade handkerchiefs, 80 white emerald blue cloth handkerchiefs, 100 boxes of powder, 200 sticks of rouge, 10 ivory combs, 75 boxwood combs, 20 combs, 20 hair dusters, 20 toothbrushes, and 8 rouge brushes.The procedure has three etiquette steps: initial decision, marriage, and returning home.The princess was initially appointed and married, and held two banquets, both in the Hall of Preservation and Harmony. The drums and music were played outside the hall, and the princes and princes gathered in the hall.After the wedding, the princess and her son-in-law saluted outside the Meridian Gate, and returned to thank them on the ninth day after the wedding.Give the princess jewels, gold and silver, utensils, robes, silk, cloth, livestock, grain farms, etc.Both the princess and the forehead give silver rice every year.

The daughter, Princess Kejing, was married to Dundobdorji. It was mid-winter and it was not suitable to travel north.However, Princess Laichun is pregnant and it is difficult to make the trip.Princess Kejing gave birth to a daughter on August 21, the thirty-seventh year of Kangxi (1698).A gift from the palace, there is a bathtub for washing for three hours, and there are 2 gold ingots and 4 silver ingots in the basin.On the seventh day, the cradles were raised and sent to one decorative cradle, 600 sets of various silk and satin clothes, quilts, etc., 2 cows, 20 sheep, 20 geese, and 40 chickens.The full moon ceremony includes 3 pairs of earrings with two small pearls, 1 pair of small gold bracelets, 1 decorative handkerchief, 2 satin gowns, 1 pair of boots and socks, 20 pieces of silk and satin, 20 pieces of lining cloth, and 200 taels of silver.Princess Kejing lived in the capital during her pregnancy and childbirth.

In the thirty-ninth year of traveling to Kangxi (1700), the king of Dundobdorji County was promoted to Prince Heshuo, and inherited the throne of Tuxietu Khan.It is imperative for the princess to go back to Khalkha and go to the desert with her husband.Carry supplies with you, according to the edict of Emperor Kangxi, only bring your personal belongings, and the rest will be sent in the next year.In addition to the official cars sent by the palace, Zhangjiakou merchants dispatched eight cars to transport sundries and goats for food on the road.The round trip is estimated to take 100 days.After everything was ready, in the winter of the thirty-ninth year of Kangxi (1700), Princess Kejing and her son-in-law went north to Khalkha Mongolia.

Returning to Beijing Princess Kejing embarked on the journey back to Beijing in the spring of the second year of Dakhka Mongolia.From the end of February in the 40th year of Kangxi (1701), the Ministry of Internal Affairs began to prepare the rice noodles and other things needed by Princess Kejing for her return journey.The items to be brought include pigs, polished rice, wheat noodles, millet, miscellaneous noodles, starch, fried noodles, sesame seeds, tea leaves, pickles, salt, dried fruits, honey, sugar, etc., enough for 60 days.Princess Kejing entered Zhangjiakou on the eighth day of the fifth lunar month, and soon arrived in the capital.After arriving in Beijing, stay here.But marrying a Mongolian princess and living in the capital for a long time is obviously not in accordance with the etiquette system.Kangxi ordered the construction of the Princess Mansion in Guihua City (Hohhot) between Beijing and Khalkha.

Emperor Kangxi, who founded the mansion, stayed in Guihua City as early as when he personally conquered Galdan for the second time, as evidenced by poems.In the thirty-fifth year of Kangxi (1696), Emperor Kangxi conquered Galdan twice, and wrote a poem "Stay in Guihua City". , Deterrence desolation and fading desires. Returning to the garrison, the athletes enjoy the leisure time, and the horses neigh when they are free. Wuyuan used to be a place of beacon smoke, and the pavilions and barriers are quiet and quiet." The construction of the mansion went through three stages: site selection, material preparation, and construction.In the forty-second year of Kangxi (1703), the site of the mansion was selected after investigation. The north is adjacent to the 鞥 (eng, local pronunciation en) Gunling (now Centipede Dam), surrounded by two rivers on the left and right, and looking at Guihua City in the south. It is well-known among the people. It is called "Two Dragons Playing with Pearls".It is said in history: "The back rests on the green hills, and the front faces the clear water. The best architecture and scenery are the best." ("Suiyuan Tongzhi Draft") is located in Tongdao North Road, Xincheng District, Hohhot City, Inner Mongolia.At the beginning of the forty-three years of Kangxi (1704), Emperor Kangxi ordered the ministers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and others to meet with Zalaktu, the capital of Guihua City, to discuss matters such as logging, material preparation, and craftsmen. The results of the discussion were: logging, burning bricks, and lime Craftsmen such as quarrying, quarrying, and all the objects used in building houses were settled locally, and the palace sent officials from the Ministry of Internal Affairs to direct and coordinate.In the forty-fourth year (1705), the construction of the mansion started in the spring and was basically completed in September.

The Princess Mansion covers an area of ​​more than 600 mu, and the existing main building covers an area of ​​nearly 20 mu. The architectural layout of the mansion is symmetrical about the central axis, with four entrances to the courtyard, the front mansion and the back garden, and the outside is a green brick wall.There is a shadow wall in front, 24 meters long and 4.3 meters high, and the Xumi seat is 1.15 meters high, with forty-eight pillars protruding from the seat, which means that the forty-eight banners of Mongolia supported the Qing Dynasty.There are 3 Fumen and 3 Yimen.Facing it is the main hall "Jingyi Hall", and the front and back corridors are hung with a plaque of "Jingyi Hall" written by Emperor Kangxi.Behind the hall is the sleeping hall.There are 15 covering rooms at the back of the hall.Finally, the garden.Another 48,375 mu of rouge land (for the support of the princess) was allocated.The Princess Mansion was supervised by the imperial court and built according to the grand style of the Ministry of Industry of the imperial court.This Princess Kejing Mansion was built more than 300 years ago, and its main buildings such as the screen wall, mansion gate, Yimen, Jingyi hall, bedroom hall, cover room, side hall and courtyard wall are basically intact.Kejing Princess Mansion is the only and best-preserved princess mansion in the country, and it is now the Hohhot City Museum.

After the completion of Princess Kejing's mansion, according to Mongolian divination, next year will be the Year of the Dog (Year of the Dog), and it is forbidden to move. I would like to ask the emperor for instructions on moving this year.Emperor Kangxi immediately decreed: very good.move.The people and animals in Khalkha are still in their original places.Afterwards, Qin Tianjian decided and approved that it should be the third day of the third day of November of this year, which is suitable for Princess Kejing to leave. This time the princess moved to the mansion, and it was planned to be on the way for 20 days. 40 sheep, 3 cows, rice noodles, fruits, vegetables, etc. were allotted for transportation.The milk for making tea, eating suckling pigs, geese, etc., will be prepared by officials sent by the Ministry of Rites.Its heavy items are not suitable for carrying in cold winter, and they should be brought in spring.Bring 81 people, 60 cars, 100 horses, 4 pairs of large cabinets, 8 pairs of small cabinets, 50 suitcases, etc. The heavy items will be transported to the princess mansion in the spring of the next year.There are large and small cabinets, tables and chairs, screens, yurts, tents, beds, saddles, porcelain and other things, and there are 34 households accompanying them.The goods and people transported for the second time shared 240 vehicles, and the Ministry of War also sent 21 officers and soldiers to escort them.This year, the princess was 27 years old.

During the seven years from the forty-sixth year of Kangxi (1707) to the fifty-third year (1714) of Kangxi, Princess Kejing met Emperor Kangxi five times during his tour outside the Great Wall.In the forty-sixth year of Kangxi (1707), Emperor Kangxi traveled west from the Summer Resort to Hohhot today to visit the princess and the forehead.The itinerary is seven days from Beijing to Rehe Palace, and eight days from Rehe Palace to Princess Kejing's Mansion. It takes fifteen days without stopping.Princess Kejing and her son-in-law went out to welcome Emperor Kangxi to the Princess Mansion, where they stayed for two days (Volume 230 of "Records of the Holy Ancestors of the Qing Dynasty") to express their father and daughter's long absence.This was the only time that Emperor Kangxi visited the Princess Kejing Mansion, where the father and daughter met.Emperor Kangxi's trip was on July 25th and 26th in the forty-sixth year of Kangxi (1707), where he stayed with the emperor's six daughters (four princesses) and Princess Shuokejing.On the second day of August, the third daughter of the resident emperor and Princess Shuo Rongxian passed away.On the same day, they went to the tomb of Princess Gulun Shuhui to lay a drink.The princess is the fifth daughter of Huang Taiji, born of the Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang, and the sister of Emperor Shunzhi.On September 24, he stayed at Princess Heshuo Rongxian.On the fourth day of October, Princess Duanjing, the fifth daughter of the resident emperor, was the first.On October 20, return to the palace.Emperor Kangxi also brought the crown prince Yunreng, the eldest son Yunti, the thirteenth son Yunxiang, the fifteenth son Yunyu (wu, the same as "祦" in ancient times), the sixteenth son Yunlu, the seventeenth son Yunli and the emperor The eighteenth son Yunzhu (xie) and others accompanied him, and the princess mansion was full of family happiness. After the death of Emperor Yongzheng and his accession to the throne, Princess Heshuo Kejing was granted the title of Princess Gulun and given a gold book. The original copy is now in the National Museum of Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.Feng Heshuo's forehead was Gulun's forehead.In November of the third year of Yongzheng (1725), Princess Gulun Kejing came to Beijing alone to pay her respects, and her son-in-law came to Beijing twice in October and December. On the ninth day of March in the thirteenth year of Yongzheng (1735), Princess Kejing died at the age of 57 in the Princess Mansion where she had lived for 30 years.When he was consort, he accompanied Fujin's second son, Jebtsundamba II, in Duolunnuoer. In the first year of Yongzheng (1723), Jebtsundamba Hutuktu I passed away in Beijing. The youngest son of Dobdorji is a reincarnated soul boy. In the sixth year of Yongzheng (1728), the five-year-old Jebtsundamba was ordained, and he was ascended to the throne of Living Buddha in Kulun (now Ulaanbaatar) the following year.In the tenth year of Yongzheng (1732), one hundred thousand taels of silver was allocated to build Qingning Temple in Mobei.After receiving the sad news of Princess Kejing's death, she returned to the Princess Mansion.Please ask for the location of Princess Kejing's coffin, and deal with the population, houses, and land properties in Guihua City after Princess Kejing's death, and finally leave the son of Princess Kejing, Genza Budorji, and the third son of Emperor Kangxi married. Prince Cheng Yunzhi's daughter, He Shuogege, still lives in the Princess Mansion. On May 21, the first year of Qianlong (1736), he set off to escort the princess's coffin to the north.Later, they were escorted by Khalkha people and buried in the Tushetuhan family cemetery in Kent Mountain, Kulun.Erfu Dun Dobudorji died in the ninth year after his death, the eighth year of Qianlong (1743), at the age of 68. Dundob Dorje's death year, "Jade Document" and "Qing Royal Family Four Genealogies" are both "died in the fourth month of leap in the eighth year of Yongzheng". died," said. The royal princess has golden branches and jade leaves, and has always been envied by people.Nowadays, there are many only children, and there is a saying: Daughters should be raised by wealth and honor, and they should be treated as golden branches and jade leaves.In fact, the princess not only enjoys the wealth and honor that ordinary people cannot enjoy, but also bears the constraints of etiquette and law that ordinary people do not have to bear.Especially the princess who was pampered and raised in the palace, once married as a woman, she has to face a huge contrast in her living environment and identity change.