Chapter 17 16. Beidaying and Shenyang fell while waiting to die

At around 10:20 in the evening, on the South Manchurian Railway in the direction of Liutiao Lake southwest of the Northeast Army's North Camp, there was a sudden loud noise-the "Liutiaogou Project" carefully planned by the Kwantung Army was finally implemented.The "Manchuria Incident Records" of the Ministry of Railways of Manchuria records in detail the location of the explosion and the circumstances of the explosion: The bombing site is located at 404 kilometers and 440 meters starting from Dalian, at the junction of the railroad tracks on the left side in the direction of the upward train, and 1 kilometer and 50 meters south from the West Crossing of Beidaying.Caused only minor damage.With the rail joint as the center, it was cut 10 cm long toward Changchun, and 70 cm long toward Dalian; the two sleepers at the front and rear of the rail joint extended on the outer part of the rail, and almost all of them were blown apart.Others are normal.

In other words, the length of the railway line destroyed by the explosion was only 80 centimeters, and only two sleepers outside the rails were damaged, while the rest were intact.Ten minutes later, a train passed here smoothly, but the body was a little bumpy.All of this is not a coincidence, but the result of the Kwantung Army's careful planning and superb professional skills.The intelligence officer Hanaya Masa, who participated in the whole plan, recalled afterwards: Not only did the explosion not necessarily overturn the train, but it was necessary to spare the speeding train on the full line.Therefore, the engineers were asked to carry out the following calculations: On a straight section, a small section of one side of the rail was blown up so that the high-speed train could pass quickly even if it tilted temporarily.After calculating such a safe length, the amount of explosives to be used is prescribed.

It not only created the fact that the Manchurian Railway was bombed, but also did not affect the Japanese army's use of the Manchuria Railway for military transportation. The professional skills of the Kwantung Army Lieutenant Kawamoto Mamoru, the implementer of the explosion, are amazing. After the explosion, Mamoru Kawamoto reported to the Fengtian Secret Service: "The western railway line of Beidaying was destroyed by the Chinese regular army. Also, thirty or forty Chinese troops are attacking the advance team of Liutiaogou. At present, our patrol troops We are at war with the Chinese army." In this way, the conspiracy became a "Yangmou", and the Liutiaogou incident, based on the version fabricated by the Japanese army, became the fuse of the September 18th Incident.

After receiving the report, Itagaki Seishiro immediately issued an order to attack the Northeast Army's North Camp to the Kwantung Army's Independent Defense Second Battalion according to the established plan.At about 11 o'clock in the evening, the 24cm howitzer specially equipped by the Japanese military department for the Kwantung Army began to bombard the North Camp.Every time a powerful shell exploded, the entire Beida Camp seemed to be shaken. Beidaying has a large area, about 2,000 meters long from east to west, and is slightly square.The barracks are surrounded by 2-meter-deep soil fences and 1-meter-deep water trenches.The barracks is divided into several camps, each of which has a 2-meter-high brick wall, which is very strong.The most elite units of the Northeast Army are stationed here—the three infantry regiments under the jurisdiction of the Seventh Brigade, with a total of nearly 10,000 officers and soldiers, and six to seven thousand combatants. The soldiers are well-trained. Many officers are from the Army University and Baoding Military Academy There are also many graduates of the Northeast Lecture Hall, and military officers who have studied in Japan, the United States, and the United Kingdom.Each regiment has a heavy machine gun company, a mortar company and a flat artillery company.Each infantry company is equipped with 120 Czech rifles and 12 Czech light machine guns.The brigade headquarters also has a tank team directly under it, with 12 light tanks.

When the Japanese army approached the North Camp, the officers and soldiers of the Northeast Army who were sleeping were awakened by the sound of guns and shouts.They could not get instructions from brigade commander Wang Yizhe.Because Zhang Xueliang, the commander-in-chief of the Northeast Frontier Defense Forces, did not stay in the camp that night.Chief of Staff Zhao Zhenfan directly called Chief of Staff Rong Zhen in Shenyang City to ask for instructions on how to deal with it.Seeing that the situation was serious, Rong Zhen asked Zhang Xueliang who was in Beiping for instructions.Soon, he was told that Zhang Xueliang was watching Peking Opera with the British Minister and could not be contacted.In this critical situation, what appeared in Rong Zhen's mind was Zhang Xueliang's strict order to avoid conflict with the Japanese army, so he issued this order to the panicked and confused officers and soldiers of the Peking University Camp: "Don't resist, don't move, Put the guns in the warehouse and stand up to die, everyone will be benevolent and sacrifice for the country." Zhao Zhenfan saw that some guns were already in the hands of soldiers, and it was impossible to withdraw them at this time, so he asked Rong Zhen again, hoping that he would change the order. Still sternly said: "This is an order, if you don't follow it, you will be responsible for any problems!"

The Japanese army rushed into the Beida Camp and massacred most of the Chinese soldiers who did not even have weapons.However, in order to cover up the facts and show the bravery of the Japanese soldiers, a Japanese colonel named Yusa Sato fabricated the following scene: Breaking into the northwest corner of the camp, the Kawadao Squadron had run out of ammunition, and the squadron leader and below fought with hand-to-hand knives.At this time, Lieutenant Tian Cunzheng slashed at a shadow on the left of the squadron leader, splitting the enemy's head in half.An enemy raised his gun and wanted to shoot at the place where the knife sounded. Lieutenant Tian Cun raised his hand and swung the knife to cut off the left hand of the enemy with a "duh", causing the gun to fall to the ground.Gu Chuanzhao's army Cao also killed 3 enemies, chased the fugitives, and rushed into the barracks.Lieutenant Tian Cun assassinated the enemy at the door, rushed into the room, the lights were still on, and 4 enemy soldiers came to fight.Guchuan Juncao and the messenger 2 killed 3 enemies.Lieutenant Tian Cun raised his knife and slashed at the enemy on the right, slashing his cheek to die, but the enemy still held my blade with his left hand and tried to stab him with his right.At this moment, Sergeant Gu Chuan rushed to assassinate the enemy.

This Japanese soldier with a strong imagination actually made up such a long paragraph of "genius" text. I don't know if he has too many fantasies about Japanese samurai wielding Japanese swords to kill people. However, when the Japanese Takahashi No. 4 Squadron launched an attack on the 620th Regiment of the Seventh Brigade of the Northeast Army, it encountered some resistance.It turned out that the head of the regiment, Wang Tiehan, also received the order not to resist, but he argued with Rong Zhen. Rong Zhen had no choice but to order him to withdraw the troops from the barracks.When preparing to retreat, the Japanese attacked in, and Wang Tiehan immediately ordered to fight back.This was also the only resistance encountered by the Japanese army when they attacked the Beidaying that night.But with the main weapons already taken away, such resistance cannot be effective.

By about 5:30 in the morning on the 19th, the Japanese army occupied the Beida Camp with a few casualties. When the Second Battalion of the Kwantung Army began to attack the Beida Camp, the 29th Infantry Regiment of the Kwantung Army was also ready to attack.After receiving orders from Itagaki Seishiro, they launched an attack on Shenyang at 0:40 on the 19th. The Northeast Army was stationed at the Beida Camp, so there were only more than 6,000 military and police officers in Shenyang City, and they all received orders not to resist without exception.Seeing that Japan was launching an offensive, the Liaoning Provincial Government made representations to the Japanese Consulate General in Shenyang many times.Whenever the Japanese army advanced to a new strategic location, the provincial government tried to ask these old acquaintances what happened on the premise of declaring a non-resistance policy in advance, but the Japanese consul always said "destroy the Manchurian Railway Department of the Chinese army." Because the responsibility lies with China" or "the consul has no right to intervene in the actions of soldiers", they are prevaricated at will.In this way, again and again, it seemed as if the Liaoning provincial government of China was reporting the progress of the Japanese army to its "superior", the Japanese Consulate General.

Upon receiving the news of the use of force, the Kwantung Army Command was full of joy.The emergency meeting of the headquarters was held immediately, and Chief of Staff Miyake Harumitsu advocated, "according to the peacetime combat plan, the main force of our army should be quickly concentrated in Fengtian, pre-emptively strike, and defeat the most elite enemies near Fengtian." He still didn't know that the most elite Chinese The army has automatically disarmed.Ishihara Wanji also suggested that "the Kwantung Army should act resolutely and with all its strength to quickly control the enemy's center to death." In the end, Commander Shigeru Honjo made the decision that "the Kwantung Army should attack across the board and attack the Fengtian Army."

While launching an attack on Shenyang, the Japanese army also launched an attack on Dongdaying.Dongdaying is the location of the Martial Arts Hall of the Northeast Army. It is about 10 kilometers west of Shenyang City. There are about 3,000 teaching staff, students and other troops stationed there, and it is equipped with a considerable number of weapons and ammunition.After the incident, the students in the East Day Camp heard the sound of gunfire. The instructors were not there at the time. The leader of the student training team, Mori Oki, asked Rong Zhen for instructions by phone, and he also received an order not to resist.Soon after, the officers and soldiers of the Seventh Brigade who escaped from the North Camp arrived one after another, and the students withdrew eastward with them.At noon, after the Japanese army occupied Dongdaying, Shenyang also fell.

After the fall of Shenyang, on the morning of September 19, the Japanese army posted the pre-printed "Notice of the Commander of the Japanese Army" in the name of Commander Shigeru Honjo, first falsely accusing the Chinese army of creating an explosion and attacking the Japanese garrison; There is no restraint on the behavior of insulting Japan, "it is not to be severely punished, or the result may be unpredictable"; in the end, a further threat was made: "However, if there is anyone who intends to hinder our army's actions, our army will have nothing to do." If it fails, it must be dealt with decisively." On September 22, the Kwantung Army issued an order to arrest Liaoning's military and political personnel on the grounds that "the military department is determined to eradicate the political and military conspiracy of Fengtian China's official constitution and the leaders of groups that incite anti-Japanese activities in peacetime." Rong Zhen, Chief of Staff of the Army, and Wang Yizhe, Commander of the Seventh Brigade, were all impressively listed on the list of arrestees.But Rong, Wang and others have escaped from Shenyang in disguise, and Zang Shiyi was placed under house arrest by the Japanese army because he voluntarily stayed. At the end of May, Zhang Xueliang was admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital due to typhoid fever. On the evening of September 18th, he had just recovered from a serious illness. Together with his wife Yu Fengzhi and Miss Zhao Yidi, together with the British Minister, he watched "Universe Front" starring Peking Opera master Mei Lanfang at the Qianmen Theater.After hearing the report, he hurried back to the hospital to listen to the phone call, and made a decision not to resist.One year ago, on September 18, it was he who sent a clever telegram, expressing that he "called on all parties to strike immediately to relieve the people's hardship. There is a legitimate way to solve the country's problems." Armed mediation, and then 100,000 troops were led into the pass, expressing the greatest support for Chiang Kai-shek. On November 12, 1930, when Zhang Xueliang and his wife Yu Fengzhi arrived in Nanjing, they received a very grand welcome and reception.Chiang Kai-shek welcomed him warmly as a reciprocal rather than as a subordinate.It can be said that Zhang Xueliang's political career has reached the most brilliant peak.But on the same day a year later, he was destined to bear the infamy of "non-resistance general" and had to step down from the field.Since then, Zhang Xueliang wandered around and never returned to his hometown in the Northeast. On the night of the incident, Rong Zhen was busy celebrating his father's birthday; Wan Fulin, chairman of Heilongjiang Province and deputy commander of the Northeast Frontier Army, also stayed in Beiping. The most important thing is to transfer family property from Qiqihar to Tianjin as soon as possible; Zhang Zuoxiang, chairman of Jilin Province and deputy commander-in-chief of the Northeast Frontier Army, returned to Jinzhou for his father's death, and was represented by Xiqia, chief of staff of the military department and member of the provincial government; Most of the important military and political officials in various agencies in Liaoning Province were not at their posts before the incident.