Chapter 24 5. An extraordinary meeting

July 10. Villa Kuntsevo, located on the outskirts of Moscow, is very lively.Stalin officially came forward to hold a banquet for the CCP delegation in this luxurious manor of his own.Voroshilov, a member of the Political Bureau of the CPSU Central Committee, and many others also attended the meeting. Stalin, who was wearing a military uniform, shook hands with Liu Shaoqi with a red face. He smiled and said, "You are welcome, you are welcome." Liu Shaoqi said, "Thank you for entertaining us here." At this time, members of the CCP delegation and other members of the Political Bureau of the CPSU Central Committee stood beside them.Liu Shaoqi introduced the members of the CCP delegation to Stalin.

The atmosphere in the room seems more active.Several Russian ladies with heavy makeup were shuttled among the crowd with fruit plates.They are beautiful in shape and extremely beautiful, adding a lot of romance to this classical hall.It is said that in order to hold this banquet well, under the arrangement of Stalin, these warm and beautiful waitresses were selected from an art school. After Stalin shook hands with other members of the CCP delegation one by one, he turned to Liu Shaoqi and introduced the important members of the Soviet Communist Party he had brought.Stalin said: "This is Voroshilov."

Liu Shaoqi smiled and shook hands with him: "Nice to meet you." The tall and tall Voroshilov said: "You are the leader of the Chinese Communist Party, and I am honored to meet you." Then Stalin introduced Molotov, Malenkov, Bulganin, Beria, Kaganovich and others to Liu Shaoqi. There is a strong smell of western food in the room. Stalin waved his arms and said, "Please sit down, Chinese friend." Both the host and the guest were seated, and the banquet began amidst the soft and relaxing music. The hospitable Stalin was in a good mood, stood up with a glass of champagne and said:

"I propose a toast to the safe arrival of the CCP delegation led by Comrade Liu Shaoqi." Everyone gulped it down. As soon as Liu Shaoqi raised his glass, Stalin stood up again, waving his arms and preaching: "Come, please drink to Comrade Mao Zedong who led the liberation of the Chinese people." All the escorts stood up with smiles on their faces and toasted. After drinking two glasses of champagne, Liu Shaoqi's face was flushed.Without changing his expression, Stalin raised his glass again, looked at Liu Shaoqi and said, "I specially toast you." Liu Shaoqi declined and said, "I should toast you first."

Stalin said: "You are a guest, I should respect you first." Liu Shaoqi had no choice but to drink the glass of wine.Stalin smiled and said, "Comrade Liu Shaoqi is very straightforward, and I like this kind of person." Comrade Wang Jiaxiang, who was sitting next to Liu Shaoqi, gave a wink. Liu Shaoqi understood, raised his wine glass and toasted Stalin.Stalin said, "Just one cup." After Liu Shaoqi listened to the translator's words with a smile on his face, he didn't say a word.Several leaders of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union toasted Liu Shaoqi again. Liu Shaoqi said, "I'm sorry, I really can't drink anymore. Let's ask our people to replace me."

Wang Jiaxiang stood up and drank several cups one after another. This kind of family-style banquet is indeed very relaxed, because Stalin is always easy-going, so everyone present feels very warm. Liu Shaoqi stood up again and raised his glass to Stalin, saying, "On behalf of Chairman Mao Zedong, I would like to offer you a toast." Stalin picked up the wine glass and said: "I will drink, I must drink Mao Zedong's wine." People eat and talk. Liu Shaoqi was in a more urgent mood, so he told Stalin about the issues related to his visit to the Soviet Union.Stalin listened very carefully, and he asked the translator to repeat some words.

Stalin said: "Through your introduction, I have a little understanding of the situation in China. Your plan to establish a central government is very good. I also agree with the idea of ​​strengthening the relationship between the two parties in the Soviet Union. Mao Zedong is a great figure." Liu Shaoqi said: "You are big brothers, I am here this time to learn from you." Stalin said: "Let's move forward together. Regarding the formal talks, I hope you can come up with a plan and talk about it in a few days." The banquet ended with singing and laughing. It should be said that the Soviet Union attached great importance to the report submitted by the Chinese representative. After receiving Liu Shaoqi's letter requesting formal talks, Stalin immediately responded and agreed to the talks.

On the evening of July 11. Inside the Kremlin. Liu Shaoqi and his party finally got their wish and walked into the head office of the CPSU Central Committee with great strides. This palace-style high-rise building is resplendent and magnificent, and the splendid culture of the Russian nation can be seen everywhere from the carpet to the walls.Security was tight indoors and outdoors, and Stalin did not come to greet him in the hall. Several dignitaries of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union took the CCP delegation into a spacious and bright conference room at the door. It is said that this is the place where the leaders of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union hold meetings.

Before the host and guest were seated, a chunky figure appeared from an aisle on the left.Suddenly applause rang out.Comrade Stalin, the supreme commander of the Soviet Union, is walking towards people with a smile. He was still wearing a well-fitting woolen military uniform, which looked extraordinarily dignified and majestic.This is the style of life he has always developed. As long as he appears in public, he always wears military uniforms and never likes to wear suits and the like.Another characteristic of him is that he likes to wear riding boots, of course he is wearing riding boots today.As for why Stalin always wears riding boots in public all year round?This is indeed a mystery. In recent years, someone from the Soviet Union has written an article disclosing that the reason is that Stalin is short, which is very different from the tall Europeans, less than 1.70 meters, so he had to wear riding boots to make up for it. This congenital deficiency is gone.His riding boots were specially made, with high heels, like the high heels worn by modern girls in big cities today.Of course, this kind of shoes has undergone some processing. Generally speaking, it is difficult for people to find this high heel.Stalin had always been dissatisfied with his height. He never stood up when taking pictures with others. He always sat down, and there was no difference in height when sitting.Stalin shook hands with Liu Shaoqi politely, and sat in the seat that belonged to him in the middle.

People gradually quieted down, and Molotov, Malenkov, Beria, Mikoyan and others from the Politburo of the CPSU participated in the talks.All the dignitaries from the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the CPSU were present.At the same time, there were several Soviet marshals. Stalin himself presided over the meeting.He first explained that the meeting was called in accordance with the wish of the CCP delegation. At the same time, I explained to the CCP delegation that because the delegation's report contained many issues related to war and military affairs, the marshals were invited to attend and let them understand the situation.He said: Comrade Shaoqi's report was written very clearly and clearly, everyone on our side has read it, and there is no problem.

Then he said: You are correct in cooperating with the national bourgeoisie and absorbing them into the government. The national bourgeoisie in China is different from the bourgeoisie in Eastern European countries and Germany. The bourgeoisie in those countries cooperated with Hitler in the war , insulted himself, and then retreated with Hitler, leaving only their enterprises behind.Therefore, after the victory of the anti-Hitler war, those countries dealt with only their enterprises, not themselves.China's national bourgeoisie is different. They did not surrender to Japan when they fought against Japan, and they did not retreat with the Japanese invaders later.After Japan surrendered, although some of them, with the support of Chiang Kai-shek, attempted to establish relations with the United States and obtain American aid, the conclusion of the Sino-US Treaty of Commerce and Navigation was extremely detrimental to the Chinese bourgeoisie not only economically but also in terms of shipping.This was a great blow to the Chinese bourgeoisie, so the Chinese national bourgeoisie opposed the United States and Chiang Kai-shek.The policy of the Chinese Communist Party to take advantage of the anti-American sentiment of the Chinese national bourgeoisie and establish long-term cooperation with them is correct.In order for the Chinese national bourgeoisie to stand in the camp against imperialism, it is necessary to formulate a policy that is also beneficial to the national bourgeoisie, such as a tariff protection policy. He further analyzed that: the contradiction between labor and capital exists objectively.In order to prevent workers’ struggle from destroying our cooperation with the bourgeoisie, capitalists should conclude contracts with workers, in which the interests of workers are guaranteed, and capitalists should be transformed into civilized capitalists who take care of the interests of workers, so that your cooperation with the bourgeoisie can continue for a relatively long time. Stalin affirmed our country's people's democratic dictatorship and various diplomatic principles.When Stalin asked whether comprador capital was included in bureaucratic capital, he was very careful not to confuse the comprador bourgeoisie with the national bourgeoisie.Stalin suggested not rushing to confiscate the enterprises invested in China by the imperialist countries, but to fight them by strictly implementing labor laws on enterprises from various countries.It is possible to do business with the imperialist countries first, and then discuss the issue of recognizing the new China. When talking about Sino-Soviet relations, he said: As soon as the new Chinese government was established, the Soviet Union immediately recognized it. The Sino-Soviet treaty signed in 1945 was unequal.Because at that time, when dealing with the Kuomintang, it had to be like this.After the founding of New China, Mao Zedong could come to Moscow.This problem will be resolved after Mao Zedong comes to Moscow. He explained: The Soviet garrison in Lushun was a free force resisting the armed forces of the United States and Chiang Kai-shek.It not only protects the Soviet Union, but also protects the interests of the Chinese revolution.At that time, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union decided that once the treaty with Japan was signed, the US would withdraw its troops from Japan, and the Soviet Union could consider withdrawing its troops from Lushun. If the Chinese comrades requested, the Soviet troops could withdraw their troops now.The Dalian regime should be unified with the Northeast regime, and now the Dalian port should be used by China and the Soviet Union. In May and June of 1949, Chiang Gang planes bombarded Shanghai recklessly and indiscriminately.The power plant, water plant, and even the "Broadway" building (now Jin Jiang Hotel) suffered losses.Chairman Mao Zedong once telegraphed Stalin to instruct the Soviet Air Force to support me and deal with Chiang Kai-shek's bombing.So two squadrons from Shanghai were quickly transferred from Lushun.Since then, the enemy planes have disappeared, no longer appearing in the sky over Shanghai, and even seldom appear in the sky over other cities.This is not meaningless for our country to hold a mass meeting in Tiananmen Square on October 1 to celebrate the founding ceremony of the founding of the People's Republic of China and the celebration meeting and parade of hundreds of thousands of people. When talking about the relationship between the various ruling Communist parties, he said: The Communist parties of all countries must be responsible to their own people, discuss with each other when they have problems, help each other when there are difficulties, and maintain close ties, but one party does not obey the other. The meeting decided to organize a joint drafting committee for loan treaties, with the participation of Mikoyan and Kovalev on the Soviet Communist Party side and Liu Shaoqi, Wang Jiaxiang, and Gao Gang on the Communist Party of China side.And the decision was signed by Gao Gang on behalf of the Northeast government.Immediately publish the news that Gao Gang led the Northeast business delegation to Moscow in the newspapers to facilitate public activities. The atmosphere of the meeting was very serious, mainly Stalin spoke, and other comrades in the Soviet Union rarely spoke. Stalin finally said: Now we have to listen to the opinions or explanations of the Chinese comrades. Liu Shaoqi asked the questions he had prepared, hoping to get answers. The content of the question generally includes the following points: (1) Will World War III break out? (2) In what direction is the international situation and prospects developing? (3) What is the situation of the international communist and labor movements?And the possibility of preventing war and striving for peacebuilding, etc. The gist of Stalin's answer is: (1) The possibility of a major war in the recent period is very small, because the people of all countries are against war.As long as the people of all countries oppose war, there will be no war.The peoples of all countries have just escaped the scourge of war and have not yet recovered from the disaster, so they will not approve of war.As long as the people of various countries are unwilling to fight, war cannot be fought.We can use this opportunity to restore and develop economic construction.How long this period will be, fifteen or twenty years, is difficult to predict.We must make full use of this time to develop the national economy and enrich ourselves.We are indeed very strong, and the war may not be fought. There are also lunatics in the world, and there are war madmen.For example, an American military officer believed the rumors that the Soviet Red Army had landed in Alaska and committed suicide by jumping off a building.Beware of madmen and war madmen, because he is irresponsible to himself and to the people! (2) We should mobilize the people against war and maintain peace.As long as the people are not deceived and oppose war, it is very difficult for war madmen to succeed.As long as we can buy 20 years of peaceful construction and development, then wars are less likely, if they are not willing to be destroyed.At that time, the provocateur of the war may be wiped out at any time. We should strive for a period of peacebuilding of 20 years or more. (3) International mutual cooperation is important.One of the important conditions for maintaining peace and security is to unite with the people of other countries, cooperate with each other, cooperate with each other and support each other. In short, as long as the people are unwilling to fight, war cannot be fought. (4) Take advantage of the gap between wars to vigorously develop and improve economic construction, develop production, and build national defense.The more powerful we are, the less likely war is because the weak and the poor will always be bullied. (5) The power of the people has always been decisive.Now the power of the people of the world is stronger, not weaker than in the past, we must cherish and value the power of the people! (6) In short, we are not afraid of war, oppose war, and do everything we can to prevent war. The two sides also discussed other issues.First of all, they exchanged views on liberating Xinjiang as early as possible.The Soviet Union expressed its willingness to provide necessary assistance.Therefore, at the end of July, Wang Zhen, the commander and political commissar of the First Corps of the First Field Army, sent a telegram to Liu Shaoqi, requesting that someone be sent to work in the three districts of Xinjiang.Liu Shaoqi sent Deng Liqun secretly from Moscow to Yili, Xinjiang, to work hard for the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang. The two sides agreed that the Soviet Union would help China run a naval academy in Lushun. The Soviet Union expressed its willingness to help China build coastal defense and also agreed to help build a railway from Ulan Bator, Mongolia to Zhangjiakou, China. Stalin took the initiative to ask if the Soviet Union could send a film troupe to the front to help us film, technically.Liu Shaoqi readily agreed. After the meeting, Stalin invited the delegation to watch movies together, and he chose the four movies shown.During the screening, he personally explained to the delegation. Liu Shaoqi met with Stalin six times during his stay in Moscow.In one of the talks, Stalin mentioned the issue of the constitution. He suggested that a common program can be used now, but a constitution should be prepared. Liu Shaoqi asked: Does this refer to a socialist constitution?Stalin elaborated on this issue, saying: No, I am talking about the current constitution.The enemy can use two kinds of arguments to propagate to the workers and peasants and oppose you. One is that you have not held elections and the government is not elected; the other is that the country does not have a constitution.The CPPCC is not elected. People can say that you have used force to control the seat, and it is self-proclaimed; the common program is not passed by the representatives of the whole people, but is proposed by one party and agreed by other parties.You shall remove this weapon from the hands of the enemy.I agree with you to turn the common program into the basic law of the country.The content of the constitution should be: first, universal suffrage; second, recognition of the private property of business owners and rich peasants; third, recognition of the concession rights of foreign companies in China.I think you can hold elections and pass a constitution in 1954.There is another problem for China: you are now a coalition government, so you cannot be responsible to one party, but to all parties, so it is difficult to guarantee state secrets.It is not good for you if your plan is known by the enemy.If the result of popular elections is that the Communist Party has a majority, you can form a one-party government. How to develop and expand trade between China and the Soviet Union is also a content of the talks.When Stalin talked with Liu Shaoqi, he mentioned that the principle of trade between China and the Soviet Union should be barter and barter exchange, or should it be better to adopt the form of spot foreign exchange trade like between capitalist countries?Adopting the latter approach will be difficult and disadvantageous for both countries.It is much simpler to adopt the form of barter exchange. It does not need to use foreign exchange, but the price must be set reasonably and controlled well.At present, this method is beneficial to both parties and is feasible.Even so, since China can only provide primary products such as agricultural products and raw materials, it will still suffer.Because according to world prices, the price difference between agricultural products, raw materials and industrial products is quite large.But the Soviet side will take into account the actual situation of the Chinese side.