Chapter 11 4. Another attitude of Chiang Kai-shek

March 3rd.When Zhang Zhizhong and his party arrived in Ningbo, Chiang Kai-shek sent Chiang Ching-kuo to greet them at the airport after hearing the news, and then transferred to a small car to Xikou. Under the leadership of Jiang Jingguo, Zhang Zhizhong and Wu Zhongxin first went to Jiang's old house in Xikou to salute Jiang's ancestors.It is said that this is an unwritten rule that all officials who come here must first bow three times to the tablet of Chiang Kai-shek's ancestor. Chiang Kai-shek did not live at home, but on Xuedou Mountain in the northwest of Xikou Town.This place is a scenic spot in Xikou, with emerald peaks, beautiful scenery, incense curling from ancient temples, and tinkling spring water.Chiang Kai-shek's villa is located on the top of this hill.It is said to have been built in 1927.

When Zhang Zhizhong and Wu Zhongxin climbed Xuedou Mountain, Chiang Kai-shek in black robes stood at the gate to greet them.He didn't smile, and walked down a step with small steps, shook hands with Zhang Zhizhong and Wu Zhongxin, and said, "Thank you for coming to see me." Zhang Zhizhong asked: "How is the president recently?" Chiang Kai-shek had no expression on his face: "It's easy to be unofficial!" Zhang Zhizhong and Wu Zhongxin walked into Chiang Kai-shek's reception room.After exchanging a few pleasantries, Zhang Zhizhong was about to say something else, but Chiang Kai-shek's face changed drastically. He looked at the two of them, picked up a newspaper from the table, and said very bluntly: "The purpose of your visit is Those who want to persuade me to go abroad have been published in the newspaper yesterday."

Zhang Zhizhong glanced at the newspaper and realized that it turned out that Chinese and foreign newspapers had published it, saying that according to a reliable source from a certain party, several important figures in the Kuomintang who persuaded Jiang to go to the wild had gone to Xikou and so on.Wu Zhongxin glanced at Zhang Zhizhong, but Zhang Zhizhong remained silent, and the atmosphere in the room was a bit cold. Chiang Kai-shek said angrily again: "It's okay for them to force me to go to the wild, but they can't force me to 'death'! After I go to the wild, I will be an ordinary citizen, and I can live freely anywhere, let alone in my hometown!"

When he said this, Zhang and Wu couldn't say anything more, so they had to talk about other things.Zhang Zhizhong felt that since he came, he could only stay here and talk slowly. Chiang Kai-shek lived in Xuedou Temple and did not leave, so Zhang Zhizhong and Wu Zhongxin had to stay. Five days later, they went down the mountain with Chiang Kai-shek and returned to Xikou.They stayed for another three days, living together in the morning and evening.In the past few days, Chiang Kai-shek has indeed behaved like a layman. He often goes sightseeing with Zhang and Wu, and sometimes talks, even at night.In the eight days, it can be said that everything was discussed, and almost all the issues to be discussed were discussed.

Zhang Zhizhong once made some records, which read: (1) Regarding the limits of the peace talks and the selection of representatives, we asked Jiang to express his opinion, and Jiang asked us what we thought.I said: "Nanjing side's opinion: we cannot accept the first item of the eight items proposed by the CCP. Regarding the item of army reorganization, I think that the number of troops in the whole country should be determined first, and then the proportions maintained by the armies of both sides should be studied. .And within three years, gradually reduce the national army to the minimum amount that meets the needs of national defense, and indeed complete the goal of nationalizing the army. We hope to ensure the integrity of several provinces south of the Yangtze River, led by the Kuomintang, such as Northeast China and North China All regions are led by the CCP. When necessary, concessions are made to the four provinces of Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, and Jiangsu, and the three cities of Hankou, Nanjing, and Shanghai are jointly managed. As for the issue of a coalition government, there used to be three-three systems, and recently there are also proposals for six-six systems , nothing more than that the two sides maintain an equal voice in the future government. As for the areas under the jurisdiction and joint management of the two sides, political democratization will be realized in stages in the future, so that the country will truly become unified. As for other items, they can be considered " Jiang agreed with these opinions, but thought that the joint management of the seven provinces and cities of Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hankou, Nanjing, and Shanghai did not need to be proposed by us, and the CCP probably did not think so.

As for the candidates for the peace talks, there were rumors in the newspaper that Zhang Qun and Wu Zhongxin were invited to participate. Wu expressed his reluctance at the time, and Jiang said, "It's fine not to." It's worth considering." Then he said: "It's fine if you don't participate, I'm afraid you can't get rid of it." And Peng Zhaoxian and Zhong Tianxin had resigned as representatives, Jiang said: "The selection is the best among the northern members of the Legislative Supervisory Committee." (2) Regarding the issue of the Party, we have asserted that Party affairs across the country have almost come to a standstill over the past few years, and the Party’s nerve center is also in a state of paralysis. If this continues for a long time, it may disintegrate invisible. We should effectively rectify, unite and exert the power of the revolutionary organization , To achieve the task of freshman, there is a detailed analysis of this aspect.Jiang nodded to this frequently, and said that in the future, relevant comrades should be invited to conduct specific and detailed research on how to improve the party.Jiang has repeatedly stated that he will do his best to support Li Zongren. Li's current responsibility is his responsibility, and Li's failure is his failure. However, he hopes that Li and Bai will have the same understanding in order to achieve internal unity.It is hoped that Li and Bai will first change their minds and correct their attitude towards him.In the end, he repeatedly stated that he would not come out of the mountain again, and he did not want to be in power again in his life.He also said that his presidency last year was the root of all failures.

(3) With regard to foreign policy issues, we have made a detailed statement based on our consistent views in peacetime, and believe that the United States and the Soviet Union must pay equal attention to peacetime, and that China and Japan can cooperate in good faith during wartime, which is not only beneficial to the two countries, but also to the peace of the Far East and the world Both are beneficial.We can hopefully be freed from being bullied and oppressed by white people in the future, but not yet—or not in our lifetime. (4) With regard to the issue of special suggestions, we suggest that he should seriously reconsider the leadership policy of the revolution. The Three People's Principles strive to win the people's sympathy for the party and restore the people's trust in the government.As for the future national system, of course it will be multi-party politics, so we may be in power at one time and out of office at another time, and we must not have the erroneous concept that one-party dictatorship by one party or that the party as the main body can last for a long time.We should have great plans for the future of our country and the nation. Only by realizing political democratization and multi-party democratic politics is the road that China should take in the future.Jiang nodded frequently to these two points, but said: Although I want to preserve some complete areas and thoroughly implement the Three People's Principles, the Communist Party does not want us to do this, and it is not easy for us to do so. It is planned to make efforts to revive the country even if there is no complete area.

(5) With regard to Jiang's going abroad, on the first day we saw Jiang, he lost his temper. It was not easy for us to speak again, so we had to turn around and talk about this issue from a long distance, and give him a tactful analysis. He believes that his staying in the country will only harm the current situation and the individual, but will not benefit.We talked about it several times, and sometimes he deliberately talked about other issues as soon as he came across this topic; sometimes he said angrily: "I will definitely not go abroad! I will definitely not go into exile! I don't need to be president. But it’s okay to be a commoner!” Sometimes I cited facts to show that he was still in command of the military there. For example, Song Xilian wanted to force Sun Decao away and moved to Yichang himself, saying that he had received his telegram. Angrily told Xiao Yisu, and Xiao passed it on.Jiang Lian said: "There is no such thing, I did not send this telegram!" Later, his attitude was more relaxed, and he only said: "If you want me to go abroad, you must do it well! They don't understand my personality so much that they want to go abroad. It is not acceptable to use Chinese and foreign newspapers to exert pressure on me. I can automatically live anywhere in the country, even abroad, but it must not be out of persecution.” At this point, I can’t force myself to speak , I will leave it for later.

(6) Regarding the cabinet reshuffle, after Li came to power, there was news that Sun Ke had resigned. The Legislative Yuan was extremely dissatisfied with him, and Li did not want Sun to continue.After we arrived in Xikou on the 3rd, we discussed this issue with Jiang. Jiang expressed his support for Sun. As the trend of the times, Sun was forced to resign, and we had to let him resign.By the 7th, Sun Ke had submitted his resignation to Li. Li called Xikou to discuss with us and proposed several successors, especially He Yingqin, but Jiang expressed his disapproval, saying: "Why do you have to mention someone who has something to do with me?" Someone to be the dean?" "The dean should be done by someone else, any vice-president and minister of defense." And pointed out:

(1) During the preparations for the peace talks, it was quite inconvenient for Jingzhi to serve as the Premier, and even had adverse effects; (2) Now that he is preparing for war and seeking peace, he still focuses on military rectification and should not be distracted; It is not suitable to form a cabinet.I discussed with He by phone again.He was very hesitant about forming a cabinet. Regarding the question of serving as vice president and minister of defense, He said: "I don't even want to be president, but I still want to be vice president?" He Jingzhi came to form a cabinet, but if the cabinet was not formed, Li wanted to complain about you again and put the blame on you. And you hope that any vice president and defense minister will definitely not do it.” Jiang still did not agree, the question Then froze.Li called several times a day to urge him, and it was not until we were about to leave Xikou and return to Nanjing on the 10th that Jiang agreed, and wrote a letter to He, asking us to take it.

Zhang Zhizhong and Wu Zhongxin lived in Xikou for eight days. During these eight days, they used various euphemistic words to talk to Chiang Kai-shek and cultivate their relationship. Later, Chiang's attitude became much more gentle.Parting farewell, they were sent down the mountain to Xikou, and sent to Ningbo Airport to board the plane... When they returned to Nanjing, the first thing they did with Gu Zhutong and Bai Chongxi was to go to Hangzhou to persuade He Yingqin to come out and help Li Zongren with peace talks .He Yingqin finally agreed after hesitating for a few days. After he arrived in Nanjing, he said solemnly to Zhang Zhizhong: "You must promise to take the responsibility for the peace talks and I will do it!" Originally, the trip to Xikou had made Zhang Zhizhong lose confidence in the peace talks, but He Yingqin made this request, and Li Zongren tried his best to keep him, so he had no choice but to agree.He Yingqin became the Premier of the Executive Council and officially announced his inauguration on March 12. Next, He Yingqin started to form a cabinet. The first thing was peace talks, followed by finances (especially prices), and then diplomacy.In order to break the deadlock between China and the Soviet Union, Zhang Zhizhong suggested that Shao Lizi be appointed as foreign minister, but Shao Lizi was unwilling.There was really no other way, so Zhang Zhizhong suggested to He Yingqin that Fu Bingchang, the then ambassador to the Soviet Union, should be appointed.After the cabinet list was released, people discussed it a lot. Some people said: "This was proposed by someone Zhang, and we will change to the Soviet route in the future." At that time, there were various arguments.In fact, Zhang Zhizhong and Fu Bingchang had only one acquaintance, and the reason why he made this suggestion was completely focused on the diplomatic situation at that time.However, the diehards in the Kuomintang party strongly opposed it, and Fu Bingchang did not dare to take office. After the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China officially released the peace talks announcement, it is hoped that the Nanjing government will go north to the peace talks as soon as possible.At that time, people were very happy to hear the news and hoped that the peace talks would be successful, so Li Zongren instructed Zhang Zhizhong to prepare for the peace talks. Regarding how to conduct peace talks with the CCP, the Nanjing government held four consecutive meetings.Hosted by He Yingqin.In addition to representatives Shao Lizi, Zhang Shizhao, and Li Zheng, there were also Weng Wenhao, Peng Zhaoxian, He Yaozu, Huang Shaogu and others.After several studies, it was decided that: (1) For the convenience of discussing and negotiating issues, it is suggested that the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang and the Political Committee of the Central Committee should be held in Nanjing (at this time, the Central Committee of the Kuomintang has moved to Guangzhou); (2) In order to guide the progress of the peace talks, Acting President Li, President He, and three members nominated by the Central Standing Committee and the Central Political Committee joint meeting shall jointly organize the Steering Committee; (3) There is no separate plan for the peace talks, but only the eight items proposed by the CCP as the basis, to be studied, and to determine principled limits, which will be carried out by the representatives of the peace talks. Finally, the "principled limits" studied at the four conferences were written into a belly case, which was used as the basis for negotiations in Peking.The full text is as follows: (1) Since the two sides affirm that it is the demand of the people of the whole country to resolve state affairs through peaceful negotiations, the two sides should discuss how to preserve the vitality of the country, how to relieve the suffering of the people, how to formulate national policies, and how to govern the political system Established to seek long-term peace and stability, so the issue of war responsibility should not be mentioned again. (2) Agree to re-write the new constitution. The drafting of this new constitution should involve a considerable proportion of people from our side. (3) Regarding the issue of legal system, it has a joint relationship with the preceding item and can be discussed together. (4) The armies of both sides should be reorganized in stages and years, each in the area where it is stationed, and a sound military system should be established to achieve the goal of nationalizing the army. (5) The section "Confiscation of bureaucratic capital" is agreed in principle, but it must be negotiated and implemented separately. (6) In the section "Reforming the Land System", it is agreed in principle, but the implementation regulations must be negotiated separately. (7) With regard to the matter of "abolishing treaties of treason", the government will review past treaties signed with foreign countries in the future in accordance with the spirit of national independence and the principle of equality and mutual benefit. If there is any damage to the country's territorial sovereignty, it should be revised or abolished. (8) Agree to convene a political consultative meeting, and the coalition government will be formed from the meeting. However, in the conference and the coalition government, our side and the Communist Party should participate in the same number, which belongs to the third-party quota, and is also divided among the regions of the two parties. half of it. (9) After the delegation arrived in Pingping, it proposed to the CCP that the two sides should stop the war on the spot before the formal negotiations started, and discuss the truce proposals proposed by the Ministry of National Defense. The above nine items are just the pre-determined plans for the peace talks between the Kuomintang delegation and the CCP. They decided not to submit a written document, which is only the principled limit of their possible concessions.He Yingqin explained to Zhang Zhizhong and others that you should fight for these points one by one during the peace talks, and you can make concessions only if you have to. If the CCP requires more than the above limits, the delegation should telegraph the central government at any time to ask for nuclear seizure. Zhang Zhizhong asked: "How should other factors be considered?" He Yingqin said: "The Ministry of National Defense's minimum requirements for the Kuomintang-Communist armistice agreement cannot be waived. Some people here may not be clear about this minimum requirement, so let me reiterate it!" People no longer express their opinions, but are listening to He Yingqin repeating several requests from the Ministry of National Defense regarding the armistice agreement between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party: (1) The first-line troops on both sides of Qingdao and the Yangtze River Basin connecting the western Hubei, Shaanxi, and Suiyuan areas should immediately stop all combat operations, keep their original defenses, stop advancing, and must not develop into gaps. (2) The communist army immediately lifted the siege and blockade of Xinxiang, Anyang, Taiyuan, Datong, and Yulin, and allowed the national army to purchase food and daily necessities. (3) The National Army, the Navy, and the Air Force immediately cease their sea and air attack operations, but the air force's reconnaissance and air supply delivery, the navy's river and sea patrols, and supply delivery to various seaports are not restricted.In addition, in order to defend against attacks on the Yangtze River and at sea, the national army may take self-defense actions if it finds that the communist army has assembled materials and troop convoys for crossing the river. (4) Both sides immediately cease all hostile propaganda. (5) There is no restriction on all actions taken by both parties to guard against spies and maintain order in the rear. (6) In order to avoid misunderstandings and conflicts, unless otherwise agreed, the restoration of the first line of communication between the two sides shall be temporarily closed during the armistice period until a separate agreement is made. (7) A separate agreement shall be made on the exchange of prisoners between the two parties.