Chapter 59 Sorrow and Anger in January

On September 7, 1975, Premier Zhou Enlai received the Romanian party and government delegation in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. This was the last time that Premier Zhou received international friends. Zhou Enlai's first words made everyone present tremble.Zhou Enlai: "I have received Marx's invitation!" In his speech, the Prime Minister also told the Romanian Communist Party's Political Executive Committee member and Romanian Communist Party Secretary Wildez, "Now, our Deputy Prime Minister has fully assumed responsibility. Here we come." Zhou Enlai's vice-premier referred to Deng Xiaoping who presided over the work of the Central Committee at that time.

At the end of this interview, the staff working beside Premier Zhou made a request to the Premier to take a photo with him.After Premier Zhou took a group photo with the staff, he said meaningfully: "I hope you don't cross me in the face in the future." At 9:15 am on January 8, 1976, Premier Zhou Enlai, beloved by the Chinese people, passed away. At 00:00 on the 9th, the Central People's Broadcasting Station broadcast the sad news, and the obituary, mourning and music spread throughout the land of China in the vast winter night of minus 10 ℃.In the early morning of the next day, the electric cars in Beijing, Shanghai and many other cities were crowded with people rushing to work, but the noise of the past disappeared, and the whole city was surprisingly quiet.People were silent in the cold wind, their faces were stern, and the eyes of some women and teenagers were red.A huge wave of thoughts and emotions is rushing and surging in the hearts of all Chinese people, sweeping the whole of China.

The farewell ceremony to the body of Premier Zhou was held in a morgue in the backyard of the Beijing Hospital.The area here is less than 100 square meters. The narrow asphalt road is lined with wreaths, and the crowded people flow slowly in the small space.The number of people who bid farewell was originally planned to be 6,000, but it was reduced to 4,000.There was a long line of people who came to bid farewell to the prime minister's body, stretching out the back door of Beijing Hospital and winding to the west side road of Dongdan Park. With the help of his friends, Chen Mingyuan, the author of "Unpublished Poems of Chairman Mao", obtained one of the qualifications among 4,000 people and joined the ranks of bidding farewell to Premier Zhou's body.At that time, he took a great risk to openly participate in this activity as a "target of dictatorship", but he made up his mind to pay his last salute to the beloved Premier Zhou at all costs!On the way home from the Beijing hospital, sad lines began to sprout in his chest.In the cloudy and starry days of January, he wrote 9 chapters of "Man Jianghong Mourning the Prime Minister" and 8 poems of "Seven Laws: Soul of the Prime Minister".

"Manjianghong" (Part 1) I heard the obituary before dawn Lightning strikes the common people, the night is difficult to dawn, and the red glow oozes blood.How can God bear it?The rotten evil is not dead, the hero is dead first!My generation's youth is gone with the passing of time, how can we tell the truth?Nightmare frightened, heartbroken and thumping her chest violently, the wind is fierce! Who has no tears?Orbital exhaustion; who is speechless?Throat choked.The tears of Huishengtao want to lift the sky!The landslide in Chixian County lifted the iron pillar, and Huang Zhongyu destroyed the Rotary Moon.The soul of the nation cannot be buried in the earth, it cannot be destroyed by the sea!

At the same time, a gray-haired old writer also wrote poems of grief and indignation in his home.He is Zhou Ruchang, a red scholar who was traumatized during the "Cultural Revolution".Inspired by Premier Zhou's last words to scatter the ashes on the land and rivers of the motherland, he wrote this "Seven Laws": where Where is the ancestral hall of Cui Baisen?Oriole sounds and grass colors are the most difficult to sing. At that time, you dared to speak sadly and deeply, but today you would rather pay for your anger! The unique ashes are spread in Chixian County, rather than gold made of bones?

Criticizing Zhou is the death of China, and tears are full of tears when I recite the last words. This poem is derived from Du Fu's recitation of Zhuge Liang's poem "Where to find the ancestral hall of the prime minister, Bai Sensen outside Jinguan City". "The Color of Grass" is a place of worship, but he arouses the righteous and noble spirit in the hearts of millions of people. On the afternoon of January 11, from Beijing Hospital to Babaoshan, millions of people in the capital stood on both sides of Chang'an Avenue, waiting for Zhou Enlai's hearse to pass by.This is a team that is spontaneously launched by the masses.In the cold wind, people help the old and the young, wear black sleeves on their arms, white flowers on their chests and wait with tears... The sky and the earth are dark, the north wind whimpers, and the mountains and rivers shake.

Three days later, on January 14, the "People's Daily" published an article: "The Great Debate Brings Big Changes", stating that "Recently, people all over the country are concerned about the debate on the educational revolution at Tsinghua University..." There were 300 people in one day. A phone call was made to the editorial office of the People's Daily to protest, and some readers tore up the newspaper and sent it to the newspaper office. At this time, in the guest house in Lin County, Henan Province, in a dark room on the second floor, there was a bottle of Sukemian on the table. Guo Xiaochuan wrote "Mourning Dear Premier Zhou" with his eyes swollen from crying and insomnia poetry:

This is an-- unbearable Severe winter! blue sky, suddenly, It rained cats and dogs; tears flow, beating The cliffs of the Taihang Mountains. It can be seen from this- The whole vast sky and earth of China, Thousands of tops and valleys, plain plateau, It is bound to be washed by the rain. On January 13, Guo Xiaochuan read the poem to his son Guo Xiaolin, daughter Xiaohui, and Xiaohui's two educated youth friends who jumped in line. with ". On the 16th and 18th, Guo Xiaochuan revised the second draft of this poem. Guo Xiaochuan said to Guo Xiaolin, Guo Xiaohui, and educated youth friends, "If Jiang Qing and his gang come to power, I will go to the Taihang Mountains to fight guerrillas. How many comrades have been sacrificed in the revolutionary wars in the past? I am a survivor. What should I be afraid of?"

Guo Xiaochuan sent his poem "Mourning the Beloved Premier Zhou" (461 lines long) to Chairman Mao Zedong and Mrs. Deng Yingchao respectively.Soon, Guo Xiaochuan received a reply. Comrade Guo Xiaochuan: The poem in memory of Prime Minister you sent to Sister Deng has been received. I thank you for reading your long poem.Totally agree, you consider not publishing, and never should.Keep it as a souvenir! She thanks you for your concern and regards and says hello. Sincerely salute! XX (Secretary) On January 15, the memorial service for Premier Zhou Enlai will be held in the Great Hall of the People.On this day, the highest temperature in Beijing was minus 2 degrees, and the wind was three to four. A team of more than 200 people from 502 institutes, including a 60-year-old researcher and old director wearing a "secret agent" hat, also rode and rushed to the square together. .The memorial service started at 3:00 pm, and the square was under martial law at 12:00 noon.Before the martial law, tens of thousands of people gathered in the square, let the cold wind blow, and waited silently with tears. After 10 o'clock, the police and militiamen pushed the crowd northward, and there were shouts of "clear the venue".Tens of thousands of people were crushed under the north red wall of Chang'an Avenue. Unknown people murmured in low voices: "Will they arrest people?" A worker who came after night shift in Tianjin cried, "We are here to mourn Premier Zhou, why did you drive us away?" The three girls, crying to see the Premier, were taken away by the police.Some people were squeezed into the toilet on the west side of the viewing platform and were not allowed to come out.More people have to go to the toilet, unable to go.The crowd was surrounded and not allowed to move. At 3 o'clock, the noise died down.Cars with red flags drove by one after another... People looked and waited eagerly, hungry people began to gnaw dry steamed buns, and strangers shared snacks and water with each other.At 8:00 p.m., the police and workers' militias withdrew, and people walked towards the square and the monument.The square was dark, not a single light was on.

In the vast darkness, people are finally free. They can shed tears as much as they want, and those who want to cry loudly can wail as much as they want.Martial law silenced a daytime monument, square lawn, and pine forest, and suddenly there was a tragic and deep singing: My blood is boiling, Fight for the truth! This song echoed on the dark stone steps, lawns, holly trees, pine forests and long pine avenues of the square... When people parted, they exchanged three words in low voices: Tomb-sweeping Day. Since January 8, Shanghai citizens braved the severe cold to line up to buy black yarn, and 600,000 meters of black yarn were sold within a few days.On the second day of Premier Zhou's death, Wang Hongwen instructed his little brothers in Shanghai to "turn grief into strength, and criticize Deng first!" Workers carried wreaths to the street, and were criticized and stopped.

On the 15th, at 9:57 a.m. (the time when Zhou Enlai's heart stopped beating on January 8), a whistle sounded in Shanghai Port, and the sound of the whistle lasted for 37 minutes.The red lights on the Bund and street corners were on, all cars were stopped, and the police and pedestrians all stood in place. At 1:00 noon, another group of ships sounded their whistles. At 3:00 p.m., the time when the memorial service in Beijing began, sirens blared, and even foreign ships blew their whistles to express their condolences.The sound of the siren echoed in the port and spread throughout the whole of Shanghai. Ma Tianshui called the Port Authority three times to reprimand, and sent liaison officers to investigate. At this time, workers, citizens, students, and cadres began to flock to the Municipal Party Committee building, and crowds and wreaths filled the street.The high-pitched speakers of the Changhang Workers' Hospital played mourning music aimed at the municipal party committee building, and the mourning music circled in the air, as if a heavy bomb had been thrown into the window of the municipal party committee building.Ma Tianshui wrote a warrant to have someone cut off the broadcast.They walked around the hospital building for a long time before they found the record player hidden in the small meeting room. The staff of the "Cultural Workers and Military Guards" asked to open the locked door blocked by the ping-pong table, but was refused by the cadres. A regimental cadre said, "You can expel me from the party and mourn the prime minister. If he is guilty, I would like to go to jail!" On the cold, sad and agitated day of January, among the crowd wearing black veils for the Prime Minister, there was a silent young man, and he was Jiang He. Jiang He (1949-), formerly known as Yu Youze. After graduating from high school in 1968, he went to the mountains and went to the countryside. In the later period of the "Cultural Revolution", he had the opportunity to return to the city and work as a worker in a factory.He loved literature, music, and painting since he was a child. He once had a small three-person game circle with poets Duoduo and Gong Jisui, and they often talked all night. In the 10 years of the "Cultural Revolution", he experienced a spiritual journey from being innocent and childish to being deceived and distorted; from depression and thinking to awakening and rising.On the cold winter day of January 11, the scene of millions of people in the capital standing on the street to bid farewell to the Prime Minister seemed to be a tragic and trembling oil painting, engraved in his mind.Jiang Qing and his gang published "Great Debates Bring Big Changes" to criticize Deng, which raped public opinion, which deeply hurt him.He thought of Zhou Enlai, the status of a people's hero in history, and the humiliation and suffering the people suffered during the "Cultural Revolution". He thought about human dignity and status, and a bright future... Tears in his heart stirred blood , brewing a line of poetry, this line is like a drop of blood seeping down, dripping down bit by bit, gradually converging into a stream, and finally merging into a surging wave and torrent: The wind blows my anxiety Blow my ethnic black hair As dark as my night, as restless as my night Countless war dead souls haunt my head Cries, truths, trumpets and guns come from history If the blood does not flow freely through the body just let him bleed Flow all over the motherland for the birth of dawn Another hero dies in the night Save your life for the years of battle Dedicate the eyes looking into the future to the stars on the flag The hearse carries the hero's simple last wish walk like a plow The frozen ground loosened Buried feelings for many years? rolling on wet ground Hate, love, faith, and blood solemnly humming a dirge time has come hero last time surrender yourself to the fire when there is no sun Burning blazingly— "funeral" This poem does not stop at the emotional level, the poet's thoughts fly boldly, travel through a vast time and space, and unfold a historical picture.This is Jangho's accumulated thinking on history and reality over the past ten years. This rational and clear consciousness extends the picture of saying goodbye to the hearse on Chang'an Avenue on January 11 into the depths of history. On February 13, "Guangming Daily" published "Gao Lu" (i.e. Liang Xiao)'s "Confucian Worry" on the front page, with a large number of worrying words, and slandered the people mourning Premier Zhou as "mourning women". On March 5, "Wen Wei Po" cut off Premier Zhou's inscription on learning from Lei Feng. On the 25th, an article in the "Wen Wei Po" published that "that capitalist roader in the party wants to help the downed capitalist roader who has refused to repent so far."The latter refers to Comrade Deng Xiaoping, and the former refers to Premier Zhou.This blatant slander has aroused the anger of the broad masses of the people. In Lin County, Henan Province, Guo Xiaolin read the "Guangming Daily" on February 13, and saw that Jiang Qing and his gang slandered the people's crying as "mourning women" and "crying and crying". , wrote this angry verse: The tears of the people cannot be contained, How can one hand cover 1.6 billion pairs of eyes! what!Tears, I even suspect you are not water,— Put it in the cylinder and it will explode and catch fire; i even doubt you Not from the eye sockets— sprinkle on wreath The white paper and plain silk have all turned into bright red flowers; beware!They are all molten lead, If you rush out, you will be able to pierce your heart! At this time, a copy of Premier Zhou's "last words" was being circulated all over the country. In Anhui Province alone, 6,903 copies of the "last words" were copied and 30,028 copies were confiscated, which shows its wide spread and powerful power.