Chapter 57 Li Yingru: Eight Years of Qincheng, Two Novels

About 70 kilometers northwest of Beijing, there is a Xinghua Mountain.There is a high wall built from the mountainside to the foot of the mountain. There are several buildings inside the high wall. From a distance, there are rows of small holes, which are much smaller than ordinary building windows, like air intake holes.This is the Qincheng Prison that became famous during the "Cultural Revolution".Many senior party cadres and innocent people were imprisoned here and tortured. Feng Jiping, the surviving former chief of the Beijing Public Security Bureau and later deputy director of the Central Investigation Department, said: "If I knew that the prison I built was for my own detention, I would definitely build it better." In his words, One can't help but think of the French Emperor Louis who built the Bastille. When he was imprisoned in the Bastille, what he once said: "It was built too perfectly." Life is such a mockery, but it also forces people to think.

Before the "Cultural Revolution", Qincheng was managed by the public security agency, and the prison administrators paid more attention to policies and talked about humanitarianism to prisoners. In November 1967, the army implemented military control over Qincheng, and all the former management personnel entered the "study class", and Qincheng was completely controlled by some members of the army.Because of the ultra-left influence at the time, the new managers continued to torture and humiliate the prisoners unreasonably.The food was also very poor, and was deducted in many ways.All this has been described in the memoirs of several later survivors.However, under such harsh conditions, in the prison where the "Gang of Four" came to power, there were still Communists who fought tenaciously.In particular, Li Yingru, a military writer, created a miracle in the history of contemporary literature here. He wrote two novels in prison, "The Female Guerrilla Captain" and "The Previous Generation", with a total of one million words.

Prison No. 7007 of Li Yingru, prisoner No. 7 entered in 1970.He used the white edge of the pages of Marx's "Das Kapital" to make a pen out of toothpaste and dipped it in purple syrup to write.Surprisingly, Li Rui (former deputy director of the Ministry of Water and Electricity) was also in Qincheng Prison, and he also used purple potion to write. Later, the collection of poems in prison was published as "Gentian Purple Collection".This chapter gives a detailed introduction to their secret writing activities in Qincheng Prison during the "Cultural Revolution" The 1969 calendar turned to the last page.It was a cold and silent day, and Li Yingru began his third New Year's Eve in custody.

In the afternoon of this day, the task force ordered Li Yingru to rush to write materials.Li Yingru has been writing and inspecting for three years, and he is already familiar with it. He handed in the paper when he was holding the lamp.The staff guarding Li Yingru's attitude improved significantly today. After dinner, he took the initiative to tell him to rest.The light was turned off, and Li Yingru couldn't help feeling emotional when he lay down, unable to fall asleep. Eighteen months after the start of the "Cultural Revolution", Li Yingru was ordered by Jiang Qing to be quarantined and inspected for trumped-up charges. He was then imprisoned and lost any contact with the outside world.Surrounding him are many "special case groups", including the military special case group, the Central Second Office special case group ordered by Jiang Qing, and the special case group jointly formed by local literary and art groups.The general meeting "cooks", the middle meeting criticizes, and the small meeting fights. Day and night, they take turns to interrogate.

The task force of the army took the lead first. At first they treated Li Yingru in a civilized manner, and escorted him into a conference room. Write it!" Li Yingru saw from the cover that it was "Wildfire and Spring Wind Fighting the Ancient City" written by himself, and nodded in agreement. "Well, let's explain from the beginning. The protagonist of this book is yourself. During the Anti-Japanese War, you wavered and compromised and entered Baoding City. Later, you—the protagonist was arrested and imprisoned... Let's ask questions one by one. Tell me how you got into Baoding City!"

Li Yingru explained to them: The protagonist of the novel is not him. Although the novel has his own life experience, it has been artistically processed and transformed.The other party did not allow him to deny it, and immediately tore off the mask of civilization, changing from "literature" to "martial arts", and the crowd shoved and shouted at him for two hours.During this time, Li Yingru heard that someone called him a "traitor".After the approval, he was not allowed to go back to eat, saying that he had to admit it in principle before he could go back.Li Yingru's eyes were black, dizzy, and his throat was full of fire, dripping water was hard to swallow, and he couldn't swallow any food.When a person is a little sober, he asks to find a key member and ask him to enlighten him.

After this person arrived, Li Yingru explained to him that he was indeed appointed by the party to work inside Baoding.The man became angry after hearing this: "We don't think you were sent by the organization. You communicated with the enemy first, and the enemy picked you up and entered Baoding City. Later, when you wanted to contact the anti-Japanese side, the enemy learned that you were arrested. You have betrayed the party again." Li Yingru explained bitterly: "I have never been captured or arrested." The man shook his head and said, "It is written in black and white, as evidenced by the book you wrote, and the evidence is as solid as a mountain." He then told Li Yingru: "Don't deny it anymore, your co-accused Jinhuan and Yinhuan are also being investigated!"

This really made Li Yingru dumbfounded. If it is a great invention to use writing novels to oppose the party, then it is not a small invention to attribute the arrest of the characters in the novel to the author. On the issue of "being captured", Li Yingru couldn't pass the test for a long time. Later, the head of the task force told him in private: "Don't go around, you must admit it first, and then wait for the organization to make a decision." And asked him to report to XX Learn. XX is another comrade in the creative team of Li Yingru's same unit. He was also criticized for writing a novel, and he couldn't pass the inspection. He always said that his inspection was not enough.Later, this comrade publicly admitted at the meeting: his book was written when the Taiwan Kuomintang called for a counterattack to the mainland. , He scolded himself a lot, but still insisted on the fact that he was not captured or arrested in his personal history.When Li Yingru wept bitterly for writing this novel at a small meeting, some members of the task force whispered below: "We have spent a lot of effort, and this has begun to touch a little bit of his soul. "

During the next three years, Li Yingru's house was ransacked many times.Struggle meetings, large and small, have accumulated thousands of times, and they are held several times a day. Anyone who is happy or unhappy can take out his anger or make fun of him.It is commonplace to write inspections, and you must write inspections for any trivial matter.The number of pages of inspection material is astonishing.The ancients said that creation is equal to one's life. During the "Cultural Revolution", the inspection materials written by Li Yingru almost equaled one's life.The person who fought against him ostentatiously said: "To tell you frankly, we report your situation to her every day. You know who she is and how much power she has, and you also know." He called and conveyed her words very seriously: "Be honest, I will give you a way out; otherwise, you are welcome!" The "she" here is Jiang Qing, who is in charge of life and death.

On the last day of 1969, when it was late at night, I heard the sound of an electric door being opened.As soon as the room was lit up, several policemen in police uniforms came in.Li Yingru was startled, the policeman asked his name, and immediately ordered him to put on his clothes and go with them. "Where to go?" "Don't ask!" Li Yingru wanted to pack his books and clothes, but was ordered not to, and later said that he could bring a quilt with air pressure.Li Yingru put his mind to one side: No!Bring nothing!I can live wherever people can live!follow them! Two police officers on the left and right stepped forward to clamp Li Yingru, and he was carried out and put into a police car.The policeman sitting in front stared back at him and said, "The car is going through Beijing. You are not allowed to speak, let alone shout!" After speaking, the lights in the car were turned off, and the car drove northwest of the city.

After running for a long time, I don't know how long it took, passing through an ancient forest, the police car stopped outside the wall of a building built against the mountain.After waiting in the car for a while, Li Yingru was pulled into a room, registered, and searched again for his belongings.The cigarettes and several apples in his pocket were confiscated, and all pens, watches, etc. were confiscated.Then I was led into a long and deep alley, and the deeper and deeper I walked, I really felt that I was walking from the world of the yang to the depths of the underworld, going back and forth, and finally a two-story building appeared in front of me in the night , a few rows of narrow window lattices, dark like a crouching monster. This is Qincheng High Prison, and it is midnight. Li Yingru was brought into the building, first passed through a big iron gate, then crossed the long corridor, and came to a cell. Li Yingru caught a glimpse of the number plate hanging on the door: 7007.There was only a loud click, and the iron gate slammed open.Without allowing him to lift his feet and take a step, someone pushed hard behind him, and he staggered and rushed in, followed by the iron gate to lock. This is a single room with an area of ​​10 square meters.The walls are steep, and all the utensils in the room are wrapped in iron.The door is made of iron, and the window is made of iron. The glass on the window is opaque, so you can't see the sky, and it is protected by iron bars.Even the lights in the room were tied with wire rings.There is a magnetic toilet in the corner, and there is a wooden bed one foot above the ground under the window. "This is a living coffin," Li Yingru thought in astonishment, "What's the difference between me and a dead person here?" Humiliation, sorrow, and anger welled up in my heart. The small door at the top of the iron gate suddenly opened.From the small square hole the size of two palms, a voice came in: "From now on, you have become a prisoner, and you will be imprisoned for a long time." "Don't talk, let alone shout." "You can sit on the head of the bed during the day, but you are not allowed to lie down." "Sleep with your face out at night; every time I turn on the light, you must answer..." "It's still three hours before dawn. You can sleep for a while." Li Yingru's head swelled, and the words "prisoner" and "long-term imprisonment" exploded in his body, tearing him apart. "What crime have I committed? Why are you locked in this cement coffin?" "Jiang Qing, why do you torture me like this?" A stream of blood rushed up, and Li Yingru felt that he could no longer live in this world. He thought: " Die! It can be killed without humiliation! How can I live at this point? Die! After death, it is also a good thing for my family to stop caring about me." The prisoner's eyes appeared in the square hole again, urging him to lie down at once.Li Yingru sat on the low bunk bed and found that it was a bare board with only one quilt—to be precise, it was a short-sized quilt cover with four large cotton balls in it.A pillow that cannot be used by a nursing baby is only the size of a wrist pad used for pulse diagnosis in traditional Chinese medicine.However, in the eyes of those who are about to die, these are nothing.On a cold winter night, in the dead darkness, Li Yingru stretched his legs into the sleeves of the cotton coat (fortunately he also wore a cotton coat), and without taking off his clothes, he wrapped his lower body with the coat and covered it with the " Cotton balls" to press the wind. In this way, Li Yingru didn't close his eyes for two nights, thinking: To live or to die?How should I die? There are only four walls here, and no hanging rope can be found. The razor blades and belts were all confiscated.Electric shock, the switch was installed outside the cell door and was controlled by the guards.After thinking for a long time, the only feasible way is to hit the porcelain toilet with your head. If there is a room to flush forward in the room, but the toilet is too low, it is extremely difficult to use the right strength. Undead suffers more.After thinking about it, he realized that death was not easy for him. In the extreme mental pain, he also thought of resistance, and he asked himself: Is this how I ended up killing myself?Didn't you lead comrades and thousands of people to break through the "mopping up" at the May Day in Hebei?In the Kuofang depression in Tianjin, the enemy fired at you with several light and heavy machine guns, didn't you even roll 200 meters to escape?In order to send information, you were cornered, didn't you grit your teeth and rushed into the gun tower to ask the puppet army to open the door, and asked them to set up a drawbridge for you?At that time, there was a slight hesitation and fear of death, but I couldn't get out.This is an extraordinary situation. First of all, we need to calm down, stabilize our emotions, and calmly judge. Li Yingru tried to calm down and concentrate on thinking: Could it be that I can't beat that Jiang Qing?Even though Li Yingru swore to her that she would not open the package of Jiang Qing’s materials and photos sent to the literature and art group of the "Central Cultural Revolution Group" by the Beijing Library and the Shanghai Library, Jiang Qing still refused to take Li Yingru (then Ren Wenyi, deputy head of the literature and art group) and Jin Jingmai (group leader), and people in the group she thought were relevant (Wang Daoming, Jiao Yushan, Zhang Gencheng, Lu Gongda, etc.) were released and detained together. Since then, many people have disappeared.It is a cover to say that I write reactionary novels and engage in anti-party organizations, and unite the Kuomintang to counterattack the mainland. Most of the reason is the package of photos. Li Yingru couldn't help thinking, "If I commit suicide, I'll hit Jiang Qing's heart. She wishes we could all die!" Li Yingru understood that without Jiang Qing's words, he couldn't get out.But when will Jiang Qing be able to find out?The answer is also obvious, unless he dies behind Jiang Qing.It is by no means a one-time achievement to get through the prison, it requires a tough battle! After two days and two nights of intense ideological struggle, one knot after another was untied by him.He was so tired that he curled up in a "cotton ball" and fell asleep under the hideous iron bars and cold iron windows. Imprisonment for an unpredictable long time, this kind of time that feels like years, is not enough to have determination and desire. It requires amazing perseverance and resilience, otherwise it is impossible to persist for a long time. The first thing to pass is life.The north wind is howling outside, and it is extremely difficult to survive the winter night with only a cotton coat and "cotton balls".The dark house lacks light all day long.What's even more frightening is that I don't have enough to eat for three meals.Wowotou in the morning, and Wowotou at noon and night.I don't know where to get the old cornmeal, not to mention rough, with sand.Cabbage and spinach are eaten with the roots, and the yellow and rotten leaves are still in it, and mosquitoes, flies and maggots are often mixed in the vegetables.It was hard to swallow after watching it.The prison authorities regard poor food as a punishment.The food of 8 yuan per month has to feed the cooks, deduct the loss of vehicles and horses from it, and make a surplus from the pitifully low standard. It didn't take long for Li Yingru's body to become extremely thin. With heart disease and hemoptysis, he vomited bloody phlegm on the concrete floor. It seemed that he could not survive.In order to fight for survival and compete with Jiang Qing who can survive, he started to exercise.First punch in the cell.At the beginning, I was short of breath after only about 20 punches, and then gradually increased to a hundred punches, five hundred punches, a thousand punches, and three thousand punches. After punching, I was covered in sweat.In order to exercise the whole body, I changed it to running.The cell has a small circle, less than 5 meters per lap.Li Yingru estimated the steps, every 750 steps counted as one li.From running 8 to 15 miles a day, it increased to 30 miles a day, and it kept failing to reach the target.In winter, I sweat all over from running, so I take off my cotton trousers and wear single trousers to run.In summer, I wear shorts and run barefoot on the concrete floor.Run and run, ran for three springs, summers, autumns and winters in a row. Li Yingru also has a running idea. He treats the prison cell as a living grave, and runs out of his heart. Every day he runs, the distance is farther.He also used jingles to compare himself with Jiang Qing, running on his feet, chanting words in his mouth: Swallow ginseng soup early and greasy at night, indigestion and constipation; You have to be helped up and down the sleeping car, and you are out of breath after walking ten steps. (referring to Jiang Qing) Unlined clothes and thin quilts are cold, and corn buns are sweet with honey; After a small run of 10,000 meters, he was determined to cross the Flame Mountain. (pointing to himself) Running has strengthened his physique, and Li Yingru's physical condition has changed. One is not insomnia, the other is not dizzy, and the hemoptysis has stopped.The appetite has also increased greatly, eating at least one catty of grain every day.He thought to himself, I was born in 1911, Jiang Qing was born in 1915, I am 59 years old, she is 55 years old, only 4 years younger than me, I don't believe I can't survive her.In order to change his depressed and depressed mood, he began to write poems for self-education. After a short period of imprisonment, he wrote hundreds of poems, such as: The body is eight square meters in the cell, and the eyes are looking at the Jiuchongtian. The mind is vast and connects to the universe, and the thoughts are long for five thousand years. At that time, he also created three small plays such as "Zhoucang Kills the Banshee", which were specially sung by him in Hebei Bangzi tune.For example: "The spring grass in the southern garden is green, and my heart is not full of spring; the wild flowers on the northern hillside are blooming, but my heart is not blooming." There are still some sad words and voices. After several requests to the prison, the prison allowed him to read the works of Marx and Engels.He read 100,000 words every day.It's just that I lived in a single prison for a long time, and was extremely lonely mentally. Gradually, a desire to write came up again.When he was criticized, he regretted that he had written the book "Dou Gucheng", and he wished he could go back to his hometown to work in farming after leaving the "isolation room", and ended up living like this.But the old habits remained unchanged, the past combat life and character archetypes appeared in my mind from time to time, and the ideas of four or five novels floated overnight.In long-term solitary confinement, the mind is blank, mentally prone to cranky thoughts, and it is easy to end up going crazy or schizophrenic.At night, Li Yingru heard the hysterical screams of a young prisoner in the cell at the other end of the corridor.In order to keep my brain normal during long-term solitary confinement, I must exercise my mind.And to do this, there is nothing better than engaging in writing.After reading Marxist-Leninist works and selected works by Mao, his enthusiasm for writing became even hotter.But how can one write in prison? At this moment, the prison authorities informed him that they could consider letting his family members visit him.Li Yingru was very excited. Since he was moved from the isolation place at Hongshan Pass, he lost contact with his relatives.If you want to say that you want to see your family, it is better to let your relatives see that you are still alive.After waiting for half a month, Li Yingru finally met with his family. The meeting in the prison was conducted under the supervision of many people in the prison.When his wife Zhang Shuwen saw that Li Yingru had been tortured and turned into a completely different person, she burst into tears of heartache like broken beads.All four children were also in tears.Both sides began to rush to talk, Li Yingru talked about the situation in prison, and his family introduced the situation outside. Zhang Shuwen told Li Yingru that this meeting was obtained after several twists and turns and 10 petitions to the central leadership.Every time the letter was drafted by the mother and the youngest daughter Xiaolong, the elder brother and sister who went to the countryside to jump in the queue were recruited, and the younger brother Jiaping who was burning bricks on the big kiln was recruited.The whole family sat around under the lamp, revising word by word.I tried my best to write the letter to give any leader the impression that, even though this family was imprisoned unjustly, the whole family devoted themselves to the revolution without any complaints.What the family wanted to say had just begun, and then it was declared to be the end.Before I knew it, an hour had passed. The sons and daughters stepped forward and hugged their father one by one, weeping uncontrollably.Li Yingru forced a smile to comfort and encourage them.When he turned his back and walked back to the cell, a large string of tears dripped down.The wife strode over and said loudly: "You have been a revolution for decades, and you are worthy of the people. We have a clear conscience! We have no shame for the party! Keep going, and the day will come to light! One day you will come out, and you will not be allowed to stay in the city." , let's go back to the countryside to farm. You are old and can't move anymore, let your children farm, and I will cook and feed you for the rest of your life!" Li Yingru had a burst of heat rushing up his body, wiped away tears, grabbed his wife's hand, and whispered in her ear, "Believe me, I can hold on. If we can meet again, try to find a ballpoint pen refill." Back in the single cell, Li Yingru couldn't calm down for a long time.His creative desire is also more irresistible.The stories and characters of several novels surged in my heart.He decided to conceive "The Female Guerrilla Leader" first.Within a week, his mind was propelled by constant ideas, wave after wave, first-rate after first-rate, and finally converged into a surging river.He was moved by the magnificent picture and the characters he created. To write, you first need manuscript paper.Coincidentally, this time the family brought in a set of "Das Kapital".Perhaps, the sons and daughters chose this book considering the father's extreme loneliness in prison.Coincidentally, this old edition book has a head and a corner above other books, and it has a considerable number of pages and is very thick.Li Yingru reckoned that each page of the first and second volumes of "Das Kapital" would be enough for him to use for a year or two.There is no pen, and a piece of toothpaste was sent from home. He folded off the bottom corner of the lead toothpaste skin and turned it into a dip pen.All that was left was ink. Li Yingru took the red and green paper bags of tooth powder that were distributed to prisoners in the prison, tore off the red paper, and also tore off the red letters on the newspaper. Rotten makes the color bleed.In this way, a total of dozens of CC homemade pink inks were obtained. Once Li Yingru tried it out, it was terrible, the pen was not easy to use, and the color was too light.After a period of annoyance and hard thinking, he suddenly came up with a plan, pretending to fall while running, secretly cut the back of his hand at the incomplete part of the white porcelain toilet, called the guard to call the doctor, and asked for half a small bottle of purple medicine.In this way, the "four treasures of the study" were all available, and Li Yingru began to write secretly. When writing, one mind must be used for two purposes, while writing a book, pay attention to the footsteps of the doorman.Hearing footsteps approaching, he pretended to stare and read.After the guards pass by, write with a "hair".At this time, Li Yingru found that the pen made of soft toothpaste skin was the most difficult pen he had ever used in his life.Dip the tip of the pen in purple potion, draw one stroke at a time, and draw for an hour, but still write less than 100 characters.A month passed, and he roughly counted his work, only to write a few thousand words.This can't help but make him very annoyed. The Spring Festival of 1973 came.The family members were notified that they were allowed to visit Qincheng Prison for the second time.Li Yingru's family members gathered together in excitement and held another family discussion meeting. Everyone discussed what to bring to father (there is a limited scope of what to bring), what to say in prison, and what not to tell father, lest father be sad.Regarding Li Yingru's writing articles in prison, the wife thinks that if she can escape from death, she is lucky, so why write novels?In the final analysis, the imprisonment this time was not caused by writing novels?The children also believed that they should no longer send paper and pens to the prison. If they were found out, their visits would be interrupted, and the crime would be added to the crime.However, Zhang Shuwen has been her husband's creative assistant for many years. The two novels before the "Cultural Revolution" were copied out by her hands. She and her children are very clear that if Li Yingru, who was imprisoned in a single cell, could not write, it might be the opposite. would kill him.All kinds of contradictions cannot be resolved. Second meeting in prison.Although the family had secretly brought paper and pens, they did not tell Li Yingru that it would depend on the situation.Li Yingru said that any candy is unnecessary, as long as the ballpoint pen is needed.Seeing his father's extremely sad expression because he couldn't get a pen and paper, the son pretended to dust his father while the guards were negligent, and secretly tucked a ballpoint pen and a few refills into his cotton shoes.Zhang Shuwen took the opportunity to tie the parcel wrapped with white newspaper around Li Yingru's waist.When Li Yingru was escorted back to the cell, Zhang Shuwen saw the guards searching Li Yingru up and down, and released him back to the prison.Zhang Shuwen felt her heart pounding. Li Yingru returned to his cell and excitedly opened the package.He acquired the precious white newspaper, and two scraps of paper from Panada covered in petty print with letters from his sons and daughters.Reading the letter, he shed tears. After Li Yingru got the pen and paper, his energy doubled, and his creative thinking was particularly active.He writes no less than 8 hours a day.Every night he thinks about the "homework" for the next day, and arranges the chapters and words in the bed before getting up.After getting up, I held "Das Kapital" and pretended to read it, and copied the articles printed in my mind into the lines of "Das Kapital".Even the edge of a few inches of paper is regarded as a treasure by him, and the "pen" is as precious as gold, and the font is smaller than the new No. 5. Li Yingru was completely immersed in the creation of "The Female Guerrilla Leader".With tears in his eyes, he often described the arduous struggle of our War of Resistance Against Japan, and with deep hatred, he described Du Jiro and other enemies in the book.Once you write it, you will be hungry and thirsty, and you will write at least 100,000 words a month. The first draft of 400,000 words took only three months. One night, Li Yingru was writing so dizzy and black-eyed, he raised his head, and saw a crescent moon hanging in the blue sky and night sky through the small window of one square foot opened in Xia Ri.After a while, I saw dark clouds coming over to cover the crescent moon.I opened the newspaper and found that today is the Dragon Boat Festival.Immediately, I took up a little poem: The blue sky and dark clouds swallow the moonlight, suddenly recalling that tonight is Duanyang; There is a way in life to move forward, so why should a doctor jump over the Chu River. This poem reflects Li Yingru's high-spirited fighting spirit at that time. The wild flowers and grass that Li Yingru pulled out during the release were confiscated, and the garlic sprouts grown in the tea pot were also taken away.Li Yingru played "blind chess" and "chasing the crowd" games in his head, as entertainment for changing his mind when he was tired of writing. The novel "The Female Guerrilla Captain" entered the most tense stage in the winter of 1973. The first draft of the novel "The Female Guerrilla Captain" was completed at the end of 1973, which took five months.Li Yingru made revisions on the blank original manuscript of "Das Kapital" before transcribing a clear manuscript.When the family members came to visit the prison again, he put the manuscript in his crotch, and when he met the family members, he winked anxiously.The whole family agreed, so Zhang Shuwen and her daughter negotiated with two surveillance personnel separately, saying that Li Yingru was sallow and emaciated, and his living conditions should be improved.Under the cover of his son Jinjun and Jiaping's tall stature, Li Yingru took out the manuscript, and the eldest son quickly took it and put it in his pocket, saying in a low voice, "Now it belongs to me. Whoever dares to search, I will fight him desperately!" When Jinjun carried his father's manuscript in his arms and got into the car sent to pick them up and left Qincheng, the whole family was silent for a long time, exchanging excitement with their eyes from time to time.The stack of white newspapers covered with densely packed small characters seemed to be extremely heavy. It was heavy in the arms of the army, and it was about to make an earth-shattering noise, and it was about to spew out fire and magma. After returning home, the whole family gathered around the lamp and discussed quietly, and finally decided that according to the conditions of each person at that time, the mother and Bruce Lee would organize the manuscript of this novel.Due to Zhang Shuwen's physical and mental state, all the work actually fell on Bruce Lee. In order to save paper, my father's novel manuscript with a length of more than 300,000 words was written in clear and fine handwriting, which is as small as a mosquito. Back then, when "Wild Fire Spring Wind Fighting the Ancient City" caused a sensation all over the country, they were still just children. Now, after the messy reading and self-education during the "Cultural Revolution" movement, they have formed their own judgment standards, and they have come to My own judgment: In the environment of seven years of solitary confinement, day and night criticism, and writing censorship, my father's thoughts have become confinement and conservative, and this "secret" novel he wrote is actually so "revolutionary".This astonished them, and they could not trust their own judgment. After finishing the first novel "The Female Guerrilla Captain", Li Yingru quickly devoted himself to the writing of the second novel. This is a novel set against the background of the War of Liberation and the land reform in Shanxi, Chahar and Hebei.Instead of the previous romanticism-based creative techniques, realism and critical realism are the main methods, and the techniques of Chinese "legendary" novels are absorbed.It took four months to write the first draft of more than 300,000 words.The first draft was written on the margins and margins of the second volume of Capital.After the first draft was completed, it was revised and transcribed. On November 29, 1974, when New Year's Day approached, Li Yingru completed the writing of "A Generation of Youth". Li Yingru switched to writing the third novel in 1975. If there is no accident, when he is released from prison in 1975, he will definitely write the third novel calmly.However, on the first night after he had just finished writing the outline, a new guard came outside the door.The former jailers believed that Li Yingru was reading books and writing philosophical notes, and questioned him many times, which was basically semi-legal.But the newcomer was very serious and reported to the supervisor. After breakfast the next day, Li Yingru was released in advance.When he returned to the prison, he found that the bedding and stove were messy, books and newspapers were thrown all over the floor, and all his manuscripts, paper and pens were confiscated.Soon, people from the prison came in and announced to Li Yingru that from today onwards, he will be continuously "checked".In this way, after checking many times in a row, there was no paper left by Li Yingru's side, and the writing was forced to stop. However, his "Das Kapital" as the first draft of his writing was fortunately preserved. Marx's "Das Kapital" used by Li Yingru to write in Qincheng Prison is a precious cultural relic in the history of contemporary Chinese literature.Not only the manuscript of the novel was left on it, but also the fragments of his life in prison were recorded. On the margins of the book, he transcribes the quotations from Mann, interspersed with reflections on himself: Go forward bravely.Engels.In any case, keep calm and learn to hold a gun and stand by under the rain of bullets.Until the time to charge came (the party ordered to charge without hesitation). I hope you can stand on your 30-year history and look at these pains calmly and calmly, just like when Bonaparte invaded, the pyramid stood at its 4,000-year-old height and looked at the army and Bonapartists calmly and calmly. What does it matter that we are the last old man in the Guards?We must stick to our posts.Bullets whizzed and friends fell, it was common.If you and I can get hit by bullets, that's okay, please hit the nail on the head, don't let us suffer for a long time. Li Yingru's thoughts and expectations are placed in these notes: You see me as a mouse, but one day, I'll be a lion. Hearing a knock on the door, it was Engels.Two pounds, saved! The "two pounds" dreamed by Li Yingru was finally delivered miraculously.This is the knock of fate. In 1975, when Deng Xiaoping presided over the work of the Central Committee, the political situation eased.Li Yingru has stopped writing, and looks for political news in the cracks of the newspaper every day. He knows that many political prisoners in prison have been released, so sometimes he can't help but imagine that one day he will see the light of day again. One day in July, when the prison guard delivered the general uniform and red collar badge to him, he still couldn't believe it was not a dream, and tears flowed down his cheeks.However, he was not allowed to go home, and he was not even allowed to go home to take a look. He was sent directly to a branch of an army farm near Xuchang, Henan.At this time, he learned from Jin Jingmai who was released together that the two were originally detained in the same prison.Because of Jiang Qing's photos, one officer was forced to commit suicide, and another officer went mad in Qincheng Prison. Upon hearing the news, Zhang Shuwen immediately went to Xuchang with her children to reunite with her husband who had been separated for eight years. "Female Guerrilla Captain" describes the struggle process of a guerrilla unit of the Eighth Route Army, under the leadership of the female guerrilla captain Ling Xueqing, gradually grows and becomes the main force of the Eighth Route Army, and opens up the enemy-occupied areas as our base areas.The book has a total of 580,000 words. In the atmosphere where the "Cultural Revolution" swept through everything, Mao Zedong Thought was called Marxism and Leninism in the era of imperialism's collapse, and it wanted to achieve redness all over the world. criminal", it is impossible to transcend his circumstances.During the creation process, he imagined that his novel could help and guide the struggle of the oppressed people.Therefore, in terms of conception, the author comprehensively covers Mao Zedong's strategic and tactical thinking of guerrilla warfare, the process of establishing base areas, and the importance of military-civilian relations, which has an epic scale. The protagonist of the novel, Ling Xueqing, is the character who runs through the whole story and spends the most words.This is a figure who combines feminine virtues.The author pays attention to describing the simple and strong side of her from a poor peasant family, and also highlights her resourceful and decisive side, strict with herself and lenient with others. The plot of the novel is full of twists and turns, and the battle scenes are not only many, but also large.In terms of technique, it also borrows the technique of Chinese legendary novels, which is thrilling and strange, and attracts readers.If there is a battle in Yuanyuan, the guerrillas rely on 6 machine guns, 30 short guns, and 150 rifles to repeatedly attack and fight with thousands of Japanese and puppet troops. The two sides fought day and night.The entire battle, from planning, development to the end, has a total length of more than 35,000 words.The battle was unprecedentedly fierce and cruel, and the battle against the enemy was extremely tenacious and heroic.In the end, my guerrillas successfully broke through at dawn.The scene unfolds leisurely, the details of the battle are vivid, and the description of the gap between the battles is also vivid and real, with a well-balanced and well-done layout. The shortcoming of this novel lies mainly in the shaping of the heroine, influenced by the method of "three prominences", the characters are tall, big and comprehensive, so Ling Xueqing's character is not as vivid as Jinhuan in "Wildfire Spring Wind Fighting Ancient City" , The degree of touching.The whole book is heavily political, and the plot is rough.The creation method of Chinese legendary novels is improperly used in the key parts of some long plots, making the content too thin and simple.In addition, readers who have gone through the 10-year "Cultural Revolution" have higher requirements for war literature, and they demand new things.And this was a field that the literary world had not been able to break through at that time and for a considerable period after that. These may be the main reasons why "The Female Guerrilla Captain" failed to arouse great social repercussions after the "Cultural Revolution". "A Generation of Youth" (renamed "The Previous Generation" when it was published) has a total of 390,000 words.The content tells the story of land reform in a village in the border area of ​​Hebei and Shanxi in 1947.The main character is Leng Tiebing, a demobilized soldier and deputy secretary of the village branch, the second character is Leng Tiebing's comrade-in-arms and lover An Suhan, and the third main character is Bai Laomu, the village party secretary and chairman of the peasant association. Leng Tiebing was injured in the battle and retired, and when he returned to his hometown, regardless of his personal safety, he bravely devoted himself to the struggle of land reform and counterattacking the Home Returning Corps.Suhan is a widow whose husband died in the battle against the enemy.She is upright and calm, and does not yield to the enemy.But these two people still can't get rid of thousands of years of feudal ideology when it comes to love. They should have married a long time ago, but they both refused to open their mouths due to the pressure of public opinion, and eventually turned into a love tragedy. 白老木具有中国农民狭隘、自私观念，只因为他为人老实，服从领导，而被胡助理员等人重用和赏识。书中描写了常副书记、胡助理员两个人物，他们听不得不同意见，动辄打击报复。仅因为冷铁冰有不同意见，就被说成反党，是小集团，认为“复员回来，调皮捣蛋，不守纪律，顶撞领导”，停了组织生活，进行审查。在小说结尾，那个把阳岭党支部视为土改拦路石，将支部书记、村长、农会主席、治安委员一律搬开，调戏地主媳妇小剪刀的胡助理，被提升为副区长。当冷铁冰组织生活被恢复的介绍信到来，又被下令迁出阳岭，迁到后山水涧去那里的小水磨参加劳动。这完全是常书记（已升为书记）的打击报复。而冷铁冰作战负伤，与素寒握了握手就牺牲了。在县城被解放，解放战争进入全面胜利的时候，冷铁冰和素寒的婚姻悲剧，冷铁冰政治生活的悲剧，揭示了革命胜利后，政治生活的潜流。一方面讴歌人民战争和人民情绪的无比高涨，另一方面揭示党组织内部的隐暗面，种种的不尽人意。整部小说浸透了一种忧郁和沉重忧思。 整部小说，冷铁冰塑造最为成功，他斗争性强，在李英儒笔下活灵活现，是个有血有肉的农民战士形象。虽然对常副书记、胡助理着墨不多，不过这两个人也塑造得较为生动。这可能与作者曾亲身参加土改，注意从生活原型出发塑造人物有关。《一代青春》是作者运用批判现实主义手法写作的第一部小说。 不足之处，是作者未将自己的视点完全移到揭示封建传统的层面上来，过多笔墨滞留在对正面人物（如冷铁冰）英勇斗争、忍辱负重的歌颂上，对还乡团的斗争也费去了过多笔墨，这就使冷铁冰这一形象的内涵停留在光辉榜样的层次上。整部小说结构头绪过多，用力重点不够突出。根本原因，是作者思想解放还不够大胆。不过这种思想的反思和情感上的沉重，毕竟经过了近三十多年的积淀，所以今天读此小说，仍令人心情沉痛，发人深省。