Chapter 22 The 1970s (170-179)

1. Spring, March 30th, solar eclipse. 2. The government of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) recruited Duan Jiong to return to the capital (the capital Luoyang) as a court attendant (servant).Duan Jiong has been in the frontier for more than ten years, and he has not slept peacefully for a single day. He shares weal and woe with the soldiers, and his subordinates are willing to fight to the death. 3. In summer and April, Guo Xi, the commander-in-chief of the National Armed Forces (Taiwei), was dismissed from his post, and Wen Renxi (Wen Ren, the last name) was promoted to be the commander-in-chief of the National Armed Forces.

4. In autumn and July, the Supreme Inspector General (Sikong) Liu Xiao was dismissed. In August, the minister of vassal affairs (Da Honglu) and Renqiao Xuan of Liang Guo (capital Suiyang) were promoted to be the chief inspector. 5. In September, Dong Chong, the commander of the Luoyang Garrison District in the capital (Jinwu), falsely passed on the imperial decree to his sister, Empress Dowager Dong, to handle private affairs.Imprisoned, executed. 6. In winter, Chang Guyong, the governor of Yulin (Guiping County, Guangxi), used his kindness and prestige to surrender more than 100,000 barbarians in Wuhu (Heng County, Guangxi), and surrendered to the Eastern Han government, accepting Han Dynasty clothing. There are seven counties in the region.

7. Meng Tuo, governor (inspector) of Liangzhou (Gansu Province) and a native of Fufeng (Xingping City, Shaanxi Province), sent a staff officer (in charge of) Ren She, and led the Dunhuang (Dunhuang City, Gansu Province) county government army of 500 people, together with Wuji Commander (Lieutenant Wuji) Cao Kuan, Chief of Staff of the Western Regions (Chief History of the Western Regions) Zhang Yan, mobilized Yanqi Kingdom (Yanqi County, Xinjiang), Qiuci Kingdom (Kucha County, Xinjiang), Cheshiqian Kingdom (Turpan City, Xinjiang) , Cheshihou State (south of Jimsar County, Xinjiang) troops, a total of more than 30,000 people, crusade against Shule State (Kashgar City, Xinjiang. In 168, Hede killed his nephew king at that time and became king himself ), attacking Zhenzhong City (Shule East), for more than forty days, unable to conquer, had to retreat.However, since then, civil strife in Shule has continued, and the king has been murdered in series, and the Eastern Han government has no power to intervene.

In the beginning, there was a servant in the residence of the eunuch Zhang Rang who served the eunuch, and managed household chores. He was powerful and mighty.Meng Tuo is a rich man with huge wealth and ambitions. He tried his best to form a good friend with that domestic slave, pouring out everything he had, giving gifts to please, and meticulously.He flattered and flattered other minor slaves in the same way. The slaves were very grateful to him and insisted on repaying him, asking him what he wanted?Meng Tuo said: "As long as you kneel down respectfully to me once, that's enough." The slaves agreed.At that time, Zhang Rang's family was crowded, and there were often hundreds of thousands of horse-drawn carriages for government officials and sycophants who went to Zhang Rang's mansion every day to ask for an audience.One day, Meng Tuo also went to see him, and deliberately arrived later. The streets and alleys were crowded with horses and carriages, so of course he couldn't pass all at once.Just at this time, the house slave led his servants to greet him. He was on the side of the road, paid homage, and guided Meng Tuo's car into the gate.The government officials and sycophants who asked for an interview were all taken aback, thinking that the relationship between Meng Tuo and Zhang Rang was unusual, so they gave Meng Tuo strange treasures one after another, and bribed him to speak well in front of Zhang Rang.Meng Tuo used these bribes to present Zhang Rang partly, and Zhang Rang was very happy.For this reason, Meng Tuo was able to become the governor of Liangzhou.

1. In spring, on the third day of the first lunar month, Liu Hong (16 years old this year), the emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital of Luoyang) (the 12th Lingdi), performed the coronation ceremony.The world is pardoned, but the treacherous party members are not pardoned. 2. On February 13th, an earthquake. 3. On March 1st, a solar eclipse. 4. The commander-in-chief of the National Armed Forces (Taiwei) was dismissed after being attacked; the Minister of Communications (Taifu) Li Xian from Runan (Northwest Sheqiao Township, Pingyu County, Henan Province) was promoted to succeed the Commander-in-Chief of the National Armed Forces.

5. The epidemic of plague and infectious diseases. The prime minister (Situ) Xu Xun was dismissed; the supreme inspector (Sikong) Qiao Xuan was promoted to prime minister. In summer, in April, Laiyan, the Minister of Sacrifice (Taichang) from Nanyang (Nanyang City, Henan Province), was promoted to be the chief inspector. 6. In autumn and July, Lai Yan, the chief supervisor, was dismissed. 7. On the day of Guichou in the seventh month (July has not yet come, there is no Guichou), Liu Hong made his concubine Song Guiren the queen.Empress Song is the daughter of Song Feng, commander of the capital Luoyang Garrison District (Jin Wu).

8. Prime Minister Qiaoxuan was dismissed; Minister of Sacrifice Nanyang Renzong Ju was promoted to be the Supreme Supervisor, and Xu Xu, the former Supreme Supervisor, was promoted to Prime Minister. 9. Liu Hong missed the kindness of Empress Dowager Dou Miao who promoted him to the throne.In winter, on October 1st, he led all the civil and military officials to meet with Nangong, and personally served dishes and toasted blessings.The chief eunuch (Huang Menling) Dong Meng took advantage of this atmosphere of reconciliation and repeatedly stated the empress dowager's injustice. Liu Hong deeply believed it, so his support for Dou Miao was more abundant than before.This phenomenon made Cao Jie and Wang Fu nervous, and they hated Dong Meng, so they falsely accused Dong Meng of slandering the emperor's mother, the Empress Dowager Dong (who lived in Yongle Palace), and Dong Meng was arrested and put to death.

10. The Xianbei tribe (Wang Ting set up Danhan Mountain) attacked Bingzhou (Shanxi Province and Hetao area of ​​the Yellow River). 1. In spring, the first month, Liu Hong (the twelfth Lingdi) emperor (the twelfth Lingdi) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) went to the tomb of the first emperor (Guangwu Emperor) Liu Xiu (the original mausoleum in the northeast of Mengjin County, Henan Province) family village) offering sacrifices.Cai Yong from Chenliu (Chenliu Town, southeast of Kaifeng City, Henan Province), Secretary of the Prime Minister’s Mansion (Situ Yu), said: “I have heard that ancient kings never worshiped at the tomb. Later, it changed (the ancients only worshiped at home) Tablet sacrifice, the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty won the government, and began to build a "sleeping hall" next to the tomb), which has always been considered to be against ancient rituals and should be abolished. Now seeing the majesty of the sacrifice in front of the tomb and understanding its original intention, I understand Emperor Xiaoming (2 The filial piety of Rendi Liu Zhuang) should not be abolished (the tomb sacrifice will be abolished later, and the family sacrifice will be resumed. When Liu Zhuang, he missed his father, the first emperor Liu Xiu, and went to worship in front of his father's grave. The ceremony of tomb sacrifice was resumed. Refer to 1958). There are many complicated and trivial etiquette, but the reason why it cannot be simplified is because of this."

2. On March 8, Hu Guang, the royal master (taifu), passed away at the age of 82. Hu Guang has held the official positions of each of the "public" among the four princes. He has served in the government for more than 30 years (Hu Guang has served as the supreme inspector, prime minister, commander-in-chief of the national armed forces, and royal master), and served six emperors ( The sixth term is Liu Hu, the seventh term is Liu Yi, the eighth term is Liu Bao, the ninth term is Liu Bing, the tenth term is Liu Zuan, the eleventh term is Liu Zhi, and the twelfth term is Liu Hong. Not counted), received extremely generous courtesy.Every time he was dismissed from office, he never stayed at home for more than a year before being called into the government again.Most of the hired people are well-known people in the world, and they serve as the three princes side by side with Chen Fan and Li Xian of the old ministry.He is very familiar with laws and precedents, and can use political functions with ease.Therefore, there is a proverb in Luoyang, the capital, which says: "If you don't know anything, ask Hu Guang, and there is Mr. Hu who is stable." People despised him for this.

Bo Yang said: When the government is corrupted to a certain extent, if the high-ranking officials are not treacherous, they must be mischievous people who are proficient in officialdom skills. The former is like Meng Tuo, and the latter is like Hu Guang.Meng Tuo is not worth mentioning, but Hu Guang has become an idol respected by the world-only a few people despise him, most people will be dizzy for his glory and wealth, so there is the ballad of "Ask Hu Guang for everything you don't know" Appear.Hu Sansheng sighed and said: "Since he emphasized that everything is unknown and asked Hu Guang, it shows that everyone expected him earnestly at that time. How can it be an honor to travel around the four kingdoms for more than 30 years?"

This is the problem, the world just regards traveling around as an honor, forming an anti-elimination atmosphere, and the country's political corruption is even more serious. 3. On May 16th, forgive the world and change the year name (the fifth year of Jianning before, and the first year of Xiping later). 4. Hou Lan, the traffic officer of Changle Palace (the servant of Changle), was accused of arrogance and extravagance.Liu Hong ordered the seal to be withdrawn (removed from the official and seized the title), and Hou Lan committed suicide. 5. In June, the capital city of Luoyang was flooded. 6. Empress Dowager Dou Miaoniang died of illness in Bijing (Zhenghe Estuary, Vietnam). On June 10, Dou Miao passed away in Nangong Yuntai (where Dou Miao was under house arrest).The group of eunuchs hated Dou's family deeply, so they put her body on a luggage-carrying vehicle and took her to the official residence in the south market of Luoyang, where she was buried for several days.Cao Jie and Wang Fu planned to be buried with the ritual of a first-class concubine "noble person".Liu Hong said: "The empress dowager personally promoted me to the throne of the emperor and inherited the great cause of the dynasty. How can I die as a nobleman!" So he still used the empress dowager to mourn.Cao Jie and others planned to bury Dou Miao elsewhere, and sent the tablet of Feng Guiren, a concubine of the former emperor (Eleventh Huan Emperor) Liu Zhi, to Liu Zhi's sacrificial temple with incense. Liu Hong issued an edict to convene civil and military officials to gather and discuss in the Jinluan Palace, and ordered Zhao Zhong, the eunuch (zhongchang servant) in the bedroom hall, to preside over the meeting.Li Xian, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei), was sick in bed at the time, struggling to climb into the car, carrying poison, and said to his wife: "If the tablet of Empress Dowager Dou cannot be placed side by side with the first emperor (Liu Zhi), and enjoy the sacrifice, I will Not alive." After the meeting started, there were hundreds of people present. You looked at me, I looked at you, and looked at each other. No one dared to speak first.Zhao Zhong said: "The bill is determined in this way." Minister of Justice (Ting Wei) Chen Qiu said: "The Empress Dowager Dou's Shengde family, as the mother of the world, faces the whole people, and deserves to enjoy the late emperor (Liu Zhi), there should be no doubt " Zhao Zhong grinned, and said: "Then, Lord Chen, please write down the reason!" Chen Qiu immediately wrote: "The Empress Dowager Dou is in the deep palace, with great kindness, and she is a model of mothers in the world. After the death of the first emperor, the Empress Dowager Dou Presided over the grand plan, cited His Majesty's ascension to the throne, inherited the incense of the royal temple, and made great contributions. Unfortunately, the prison rose (referring to the killing of the father Dou Wu and others), and was moved to the empty palace (Nangong Yuntai), and died early. Although the Dou family Guilty, the incident was not initiated by the empress dowager. If he was buried elsewhere, the world might be disappointed. Moreover, Feng Guiren’s tomb was excavated, and his bones were exposed, mixed with the corpses of thieves, and his soul was polluted (Li Xian’s textual research: Duan When Jiong was the mayor of Luoyang, the capital, he dug Feng Guiren’s grave and was demoted as a commentator). And he didn’t make any contribution to the country, so how could he be entitled to enjoy the supreme position?” Zhao Zhong saw that Chen Qiu really dared to write, his face changed drastically, he looked Chen Qiu up and down, snorted his nostrils, and said with a sneer, "Master Chen's reasons are really sufficient!" Chen Qiu said: "Chen Fan and Dou Wu have already I was wronged, and the Empress Dowager (Dou Miao) was placed under house arrest for no reason. I have been heartbroken, and everyone in the world sighed indignantly. If I speak out today, if I am retaliated after the meeting, it is exactly my wish." Li Xian then expressed his attitude: "I The original intention is the same, Mr. Chen's suggestion is exactly the same as mine." San Gong and civil and military officials below the ministerial level all agreed with Chen Qiu's opinion. Cao Jie and Wang Fu still made the last struggle, emphasizing: "The Liang family committed crimes, and the tomb of Empress Liang cannot be called a mausoleum" After his death, the tomb was called Yiling. Soon after Liang Ji Fuzhu, Yiling was canceled and renamed "Great Tomb". During the chaos, Liu Che forced Wei Zifu to death. After Liu Che’s death, the Supreme Commander Huo Guang tried to figure out Liu Che’s psychology before he was alive, and replaced his favorite Mrs. Li, who deserved to enjoy the temple. Now the Dou’s family is full of crimes, how can they be buried with the late emperor?” Li Xian insisted on the original proposal, and after the meeting ended, he issued a memorial to refute Cao Jie and Wang Fu, saying: "I carefully researched: In the past, Empress Dou (the wife of the third emperor Liu Da) framed Liang Guiren (the fourth emperor) Liu Zhaoniang’s relatives. Refer to 1983); Empress Yan (the wife of the sixth emperor Liu Hu)’s family committed a great rebellion (referring to the dismissal of the crown prince Liu Bao. Refer to 124 and 125), and Emperor He (Liu Zhao ) did not have the idea of ​​reburying his aunt Empress Dou in another place, and Emperor Shun (Liu Bao) did not intend to demote his aunt Empress Yan. As for Empress Wei Zifu, it was decided by Emperor Wu (the seventh emperor of the Western Han Dynasty Liu Che) while he was alive. For comparison. Today, the Empress Dowager of Changle has always had the title of Empress Dowager. She used to rule the world in front of the court, and supported the emperor who was a sage, and carried forward the glory of the royal family. The Empress Dowager regards Her Majesty as a son. How can Your Majesty not regard the Empress Dowager as a mother? Son The mother cannot be deposed, and the ministers cannot be demoted to the king. Therefore, the Xuanling Mausoleum (Liu Zhi Cemetery, north of Sanshilipu, southeast of Mengjin County, Henan Province) should be buried together, and everything should follow the normal regulations." When Liu Hong saw the memorial, he completely obeyed it. In autumn, on July 2, Dou Miao was buried in Xuanling. 7. I don't know who wrote a big book at Zhuquemen (outside the gate of the North Palace): "The world is in chaos, Cao Jie and Wang Fu murdered the Empress Dowager, the high officials only know how to be high officials, and they don't have a word of loyalty." The group of eunuchs He was furious, so Liu Hong ordered the commander of the Gyeonggi garrison (Lieutenant of Sili) Liu Meng to arrest him and give a briefing every ten days.Liu Meng thinks this is a kind of public opinion to vent his anger, which should not be taken seriously, and he is unwilling to step up action.There was more than one month, but there was no result, so Liu Meng was demoted as a commentator (remonstrance doctor), and Duan Jiong, the chief inspector (Censor Zhongcheng), took over as the commander of the Gyeonggi garrison.Duan Jiong acted resolutely and arrested more than a thousand people, including national college students and foreign students. Cao Jie and others hated Liu Meng for refusing to cooperate, so Duan Jiong found an excuse to impeach Liu Meng, and Liu Meng was sentenced to hard labor and sent to the Eastern District labor camp to serve. At first, Wang Yu, the former commander of the garrison of the Gyeonggi General, took refuge in the eunuch before he entered the official career; he once asked Zhang Huan, the Minister of Sacrifice (Taichang), to recommend him, but Zhang Huan refused.After Wang Yu came to power, he recruited Zhang Huan into the list of traitors and deprived him of political rights.However, Zhang Huan and Duan Jiong once had disputes over the Western Qiang War and resented each other (refer to 168).After Duan Yu became the commander of the general garrison of Gyeonggi, he had the power to punish and kill. He planned to revoke Zhang Huan's emigration edict, deport him back to his hometown, and then kill him (Zhang Huan's emigration to Hongnong County, refer to 167).Zhang Huan begged for completeness, and handed Duan Jiong a signature (the subordinates only use the signature to the chief, and Zhang Huan expressed his submission), begging for forgiveness, and Duan Jiong did not attack Zhang Huan. At first, Li Hao, a native of Wei Jun (Southwest Ye Town, Linjin County, Hebei Province), served as the commander of the general garrison of Gyeonggi, and executed Su Qian, a native of Fufeng (Xingping City, Shaanxi Province), who had a long-standing grudge.Su Qian's son, Su Buwei, floated his father's body on the ground and refused to bury it.Then he changed his name and surname, made friends with heroes, and determined to avenge his father.Later, when Li Hao was transferred to the Minister of Agriculture and Forestry (Da Si Nong), Su Buwei hid in the forage warehouse, dug a tunnel, went straight to Li Hao's bedroom, and killed Li Hao's concubine and children (Li Hao happened to go to the toilet and escaped death) .Li Hao was so frightened that he spread wooden planks all over the ground and moved them nine times overnight, lest another killer would come out of the ground.Su Buwei even excavated Li Hao's father's grave, cut off the head of his father's body, and took it to the market for public exhibition.Li Hao ordered the arrest, but Su Buwei couldn't be caught. He vomited blood and died of anger and hatred.Later, when the amnesty decree was promulgated, Su Buwei returned to his hometown, buried his father, and put on mourning clothes. Zhang Huan is a friend of the Su family, while Duan Jiong is a friend of Li Hao.Duan Jiong then hired Su Buwei as the staff officer of the Gyeonggi General Garrison Headquarters (in charge of the Sili). Su Buwei knew it was a trap and refused to take up the post, claiming that he was sick.Duan Jiong was even more angry when his treachery was discovered. He sent another staff officer, Zhang Xian, to Su's house, where he executed Su Buwei.Before leaving, Duan Jiong handed over a bottle of poisoned wine to Zhang Xian's father and threatened, "If your son can't kill Su Buwei, you can drink it." People, regardless of gender, age or age, were all killed. 8. Liu Kui, the king of Bohai (Nanpi, the capital), when he was demoted to King Yingtao (refer to 165), asked Wang Fu, the eunuch, to serve in the bedroom hall, and persuaded the former emperor Liu Zhi, if he could restore the original state (Bohai State) ), would like to give Wang Fu 50 million money as a thank you gift.Soon, Liu Zhi passed away, and Liu Kui returned to the post of King Bohai (refer to 167).Liu Kui knew that it was not Wang Fu's credit, so he refused to take out the huge sum of money.Wang Fu was determined to show his might.At this time, Zheng Sa, another eunuch serving in the dormitory, and Dong Teng, a senior eunuch serving in the Forbidden Palace (Zhonghuangmen), often communicated with Liu Kui. Wang Fu sent spies to investigate clearly and then told Duan Jiong. In winter, in October, Zheng Sa was arrested and detained in Beisi Prison.Wang Fu also ordered Lian Zhong, the Secretary-General of the court (Shang Shuling), to make a false accusation, saying: "Zheng Sa and others conspired to welcome Liu Kui as emperor, which is a great treason." Confirmed that this is the case.Liu Hong severely reprimanded Liu Kui and ordered him to commit suicide.Liu Kui's main wife (concubine), eleven concubines, seventy children, and thirty-four palace singers and dancers were all executed in prison; Twelve people, including Wang Fu, were all promoted to Marquis because of their great achievements in solving a huge treasonous case. Bo Yang said: Another "false accusation of treason" murder case.Liu Kui committed many crimes, and although he deserved his death, he should not die for treason.And wives, concubines, and children, even unrelated singers and dancers, all died tragically in black prisons. The viciousness of feudal autocracy and the use of the judiciary have once again made people happy and sad! In September and November, Xu Sheng, a citizen of Kuaiji (Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province), gathered a crowd in Juzhang County (southeast of Yuyao City, Zhejiang Province) to form an army, called "Emperor Yangming", and his troops numbered tens of thousands.The government sent Zang Min, governor of Yangzhou (central Anhui Province and Jiangnan region), and Chen Yin, governor of Danyang (Xuanzhou City, Anhui Province), to lead the army to crusade. In 10 and December, Prime Minister Xu Xu was dismissed, and Yuan Kai, the minister of vassal affairs, was promoted to be prime minister. 11. The Xianbei tribe (Wang Ting set up Danhan Mountain) attacked Bingzhou (Shanxi Province and the Hetao area of ​​​​the Yellow River). 12. This year, the Southern Xiongnu Khanate (the king’s court set up Meiji) Yiling Ruoshi expelled Shanyu (37th term) Conan Che’er passed away, and his son (unknown name) succeeded to the throne (38th term) for If Tu Teruo's body was chased, Shan Yu would be the only one. 1. In spring, the first month, plague prevails. 2. On the twenty-seventh day of the first lunar month, Zong Ju, the supreme supervisor (Sikong) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang), passed away. 3. On February 3rd, pardon the world. 4. Promoted Yang Ci, Commander of the Imperial Guard (Guang Luxun), to be the Chief Inspector. 5. In March, Li Xian, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei), was dismissed. 6. In summer, in May, Duan Jiong, the commander-in-chief of the Gyeonggi garrison (Lieutenant of Sili), was promoted to be the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces. 7. In June, there was an earthquake in Beihai County (the capital of Ju County). 8. In autumn and July, Yang Ci, the chief inspector, was dismissed; Tang Zhen, the Minister of Sacrifice (Taichang) and a native of Yingchuan (Yuzhou City, Henan Province), was promoted to be the chief inspector.Tang Zhen is Tang Heng's younger brother. 9. In winter, in December, Duan Jiong, commander-in-chief of the national armed forces, was dismissed. 10. The Xianbei tribe (Wang Ting set up Danhan Mountain) attacked Youzhou (northern Hebei Province and Liaoning Province) and Bingzhou (Shanxi Province and Hetao area of ​​the Yellow River). 11. On December 29th, a solar eclipse. 1. In spring, on February 26th, the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) pardoned the world. 2. Promote Minister of Sacrifice (Taichang) Chen Dan from Donghai (Tancheng County, Shandong Province) to be the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei). 3. In March, Zhongshan (Mu) King (capital Lunu) Liu Chang (great-grandson of the first emperor Liu Xiu's son Liu Yan) passed away without a son, and the feudal state was withdrawn. 4. In summer, in June, Liu Kang, the son of Liu Li, the king of Hejian (the capital of Lecheng), became the king of Jinan (the capital of Dongping Mausoleum), succeeding the emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the twelfth Lingdi) Liu Hong (nineteen years old this year) The incense of his father Liu Chang (Liu Kang is Liu Hongtang's nephew). 5. Sun Jian, a military and political officer (Sima) of Wu County (Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province), from Fuchun (Fuyang County, Zhejiang Province), recruited brave men and assembled thousands of people to assist the state and county governments in the crusade against the leader of the people (Emperor Yangming) Xu Sheng . In winter, in November, Zang Min and Chen Yin smashed the Bianmin Group in Kuaiji (Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province) and beheaded Xu Sheng. 6. Liu Bo (uncle Liu Hongtang), the king of Rencheng (the capital of Rencheng), passed away without a son, and the feudal kingdom was withdrawn. 7. In December, the Xianbei tribe (Wang Ting set up Danhan Mountain) invaded Beidi County (Yaoxian County, Shaanxi Province). Xia Yu, the county chief, led the Tuge tribe (a branch of the Southern Huns, nomadic in the northern part of Shanxi Province) to pursue and win. .The central government appointed Xia Yu as Wuhuan Security Commander (Hu Wuhuan Xiaowei). The Xianbei tribe also attacked Bingzhou (Shanxi Province and the Hetao area of ​​the Yellow River). 8. The Supreme Inspector (Sikong) Tang Zhen was dismissed, and Xu Xun, the supply officer of Yongle Palace (Yongle Shaofu), was promoted to be the Supreme Inspector. 1. In spring, in March, Emperor Liu Hong (twelve years old) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) issued an edict to order senior intellectuals of the Confucian school to strictly correct the texts of the Five Classics.Cai Yong, the counselor (Yi Lang), was ordered to write in the three fonts of "tadpole script", "big seal script" and "official script", engraved on the stone tablet, and erected outside the gate of the National University (Taixue), so that later Confucian scholars and intellectuals, as standard.When the stele was first erected, there were more than a thousand vehicles every day who came to visit and copy it, gathering from all directions, filling the streets and alleys. (This is the famous "one-character stone classic" in academic circles; the Five Classics are not the traditional "Poetry", "Li", "Yi", "Chunqiu", but "Shangshu", "Zhouyi", "Chunqiu Gongyang Zhuan", "Book of Rites" Fifteen years later, in 1900, the capital was moved to Chang'an, Luoyang was completely destroyed, and the stone scriptures were also severely damaged. In the 1990s, Lu Ji wrote "Luoyang Ji", which records: "National University, in Luoyang City Outside the Yang Gate of Nankai, the lecture hall is ten feet long and two feet wide. In front of the lecture hall are four books of stone scriptures and forty-six steles. On the west side, sixteen stone steles of Shangshu, Zhouyi, and Spring and Autumn Gongyang Biography are still there, and twelve stone steles Destroyed. The sixteen steles of the "Book of Rites" in the south were all destroyed. The three steles in the east were also completely destroyed. On the "Book of Rites" stele, there are the names of the discussing officer Ma Rixun and the counselor Cai Yong." The fate of the stone scriptures can be seen As for writing in three fonts, Zhao Mingcheng of the Song Dynasty said in his "Golden Stone Records": "The Stone Classics were erected in 1755, and the characters were written by Cai Yong in Lishu. 'It is divided into tadpole script, big seal script, and official script.' The record is wrong, and in fact there is only one official script written by Cai Yong." Therefore, it is also called "One-character Stone Classic"; and because it was erected in the year of "Xiping", It is also called "Xiping Stone Classic". Regarding the Stone Classic, there are still seven kinds of text left: the first is the "Xiping Stone Classic"; the second is the "Zhengshi Stone Classic"; the third is the "Kaicheng The fourth is "Guangzheng Stone Classics"; the fifth is "Northern Song Dynasty Stone Classics"; the sixth is "Southern Song Dynasty Stone Classics"; the seventh is "Qing Stone Classics". The "Stone Classics" are still in Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, and the "Qing Stone Classics" are still in Beijing, which are relatively complete. The others are too incomplete and cannot be read.) 2. Initially, in order to avoid collusion between states and counties, or the exchange of cover, the central government formulated a special law: stipulating that married families and people between the two states are not allowed to inspect each other. This year, the "Three Mutual Laws" were enacted, stipulating that it is not allowed to serve as officials alternately (Zhang Sanjia from Qingzhou and Li Sijia from Jiaozhou are married, Zhang San cannot be an official in Jiaozhou, and Li Si cannot be an official in Qingzhou. Wang Wu is from Nanyang County, and Zhao Liu is from Wuwei County. Although they are not married, but while Wang Wu is the governor of Wuwei County, Zhao Liu cannot be the governor of Nanyang County), and the taboos are stricter. When the government appoints local officials, very difficult.Governors (inspectors) of Youzhou (Northern Hebei Province and Liaoning Province) and Jizhou (Southern Central Hebei Province) have been vacant for a long time, and no suitable candidate has been found to take over. Cai Yong said in a letter: "As far as I know, the homeland of the two prefectures of Youji is the main production area of ​​armor and war horses in the country. Over the years, the disasters of war and famine have gradually depleted the people and financial resources of the two prefectures. Now, the governor has long-term There is a vacancy, and the officials and the people are eager to make up for it as soon as possible. However, the candidates recommended by Sangong have not announced their appointment for a long time. I am very surprised. What is the reason? Although one state is banned, only these two states are strict, and the seniority is limited. The delay is indeterminate, and time is wasted. The result is that the two states have no heads, and the administration is at a standstill. Thousands of miles of territory, a depression, no one manages. I foolishly think , the "three mutual laws" are the most unreasonable. As long as the government authority is used to affirm the charter laws; He was promoted from among the prisoners, and Zhu Maichen was promoted from the humble to the official position. They were all outstanding in their talents and ordered them to return to the county to preside over the local government (Han Anguo, a native of Liang Guo in the Western Han Dynasty, committed a crime and was imprisoned, and the sixth emperor Liu Qi sent envoys to the prison Appoint him as Secretary-General of the State of Liang. Zhu Maichen, a native of Kuaiji County in the Western Han Dynasty, sold firewood for a living, and was later appointed by the seventh Emperor Liu Che as the county magistrate of Kuaiji County). Is it restricted by the taboo of petty actions? I hope that your majesty will follow the example of the ancestors ), revoke the 'Three Mutual Laws'. The governors of the states who should be appointed or should be replaced are no longer bound by seniority and the 'Three Mutual', so that the civil service system can be put on the right track." The government refused. Sima Guang said: Uncle Xiang once said: "When a country is about to fall, there must be as many laws and regulations as a cow's hair." A sage king only needs to appoint loyal and capable people to govern the country.Regardless of the central government, meritorious service is rewarded, and guilt is executed without any selfishness.There are not many laws and regulations, and the world is still governed.why?In order to grasp the fundamentals.When the country is in decline, civil and military officials are not suitable candidates, and there are more and more taboos, and the precautions are especially strict.Those who are meritorious are bound by the provisions and are not encouraged; those who are guilty use the law skillfully and are exempted from punishment.Worrying and toil, the world is in chaos.why?In order to only start on the last part of the phenomenon. During the time of Liu Hong, the twelfth emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty (Emperor Ling), officials at the governor and county levels (two thousand stones) were corrupt and tyrannical, like tigers and wolves, and abused the people.However, the government strictly abides by the "three mutual" prohibition to prevent officials from committing crimes.Looking back now, isn't it a joke and should be used as a warning. 3. Liu Tuo, the grandson of Liu Jian (cousin of the eleventh emperor Liu Zhi) who sealed Hejian Wangfu successfully, became the city king (the capital Rencheng). 4. In summer, in April, seven counties and Fengguo were flooded. 5. On May 1st, pardon the world. 6. The cemetery of Liu Ao, the twelfth emperor of the Western Han Dynasty (Chengdi) (Yanling, four kilometers north of Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province) caught fire. 7. The Xianbei tribe (Wang Ting set up Danhan Mountain) attacked Youzhou (northern Hebei Province and Liaoning Province). 8. In June, borers were infested in Hongnong (northeast of Lingbao County, Henan Province) and Sanfu (Guanzhong area, central Shaanxi Province). 9. Anguo, the king of Khotan Kingdom (Hotian City, Xinjiang), attacked the Kumi Kingdom (Yutian County, Xinjiang), defeated the Kumi Army, and beheaded Kumi King.Wuji Commander (Wuji Xiaowei) and the Chief of Staff of the Western Regions (Western Region Chief Shi) respectively sent troops to rescue, and sealed Jumi Kingdom and sent Dingxing, the prince who was held hostage in the Eastern Han Dynasty, to become King Jumi.There are only a few thousand people in the entire country of Kumi. 1. In summer, on the day of Guihai in April (Renchenshuo in April, there is no Guihai), the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) pardons the world. 2. The barbarians in Yizhou County (Dongjin Township, Jinning County, Yunnan Province) rebelled, and the county magistrate Li Yong crusade against Dingding. 3. The central government held a grand ceremony of praying for rain and offering sacrifices. 4. In May, Chen Dan, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces (Taiwei), was dismissed; Xu Xun, the supreme inspector general (Sikong), was promoted to be the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces. 5. In May, Cao Luan, the governor of Yongchang (Baoshan City, Yunnan Province), wrote a letter requesting the lifting of the ban on the party, saying: "The so-called treacherous party members, some are high-ranking, some are intellectual elites, and they should all be the pillars of the royal family. Participated in the ranks of national construction; but was deprived of political rights for a long time, exiled to the quagmire, and suffered humiliation. The felony of treason was pardoned by His Majesty. What are the so-called treacherous party members? , Floods and droughts continue, all because of this. Grace should be bestowed, and the heart of heaven will be honored." Emperor Liu Hong (the twelfth Lingdi) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (21 years old this year) was furious when he saw the memorial, and issued an edict to the Commander of the General Garrison of Gyeonggi (Sili), Yizhou (Sichuan Province and Yunnan Province. Yongchang County) The state government under the jurisdiction of Yizhou arrested Cao Luan, took him back to the capital Luoyang in a prison car, and imprisoned him in Huaili (the county where the county government of Youfufeng County is located · Xingping City, Shaanxi Province) prison, where he was tortured to death by torture. Liu Hong even expanded his scope of attack, ordering all states and counties to investigate the students and disciples of traitorous party members, as well as fathers, sons and brothers of the old ministry who were officials. ", the traditional Chinese mourning system, based on the difference between relatives and estrangements as the standard, there are "cutting", "equal decline", "great merit", "small merit" and "genuine hemp", which are extremely delicate and cumbersome. Refer to the explanation in 574). 6. On June 3, Liu Yi, a native of Nanyang (Nanyang City, Henan Province), was promoted to the position of Chief Inspector, Minister of Sacrifice. 7. In autumn, in July, Xu Xun, the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces, was dismissed; Liu Kuan, the commander-in-chief of the palace guard (Guang Luxun), was promoted to be the commander-in-chief of the national armed forces. 8. In winter, in October, Prime Minister (Situ) Yuan Wei was dismissed. 9. On Bingxu Day in November (November Wuzishuo, there is no Bingxu), Yang Ci, a special state official (Doctor Guanglu), was promoted to prime minister. 10. This year, the Xianbei tribe (Wang Ting set up Danhan Mountain) attacked Youzhou (northern Hebei Province and Liaoning Province). 1. In spring, on the 15th day of the first lunar month, the Eastern Han Dynasty (the capital Luoyang) pardoned the world. 2. In summer, in April, there was a severe drought, and locusts were infested in seven states.Emperor Liu Hong (22 years old this year) of the Eastern Han Dynasty (the 12th Lingdi) ordered the three princes to report corruption and brutal local officials, list the crimes, and remove them from office.Yangqiu (Yang, surname), the Prime Minister of Pingyuan State (Pingyuan, the capital), and a native of Yuyang (Miyun County, Beijing), was accused of cruel law enforcement and ordered to report to the Ministry of Justice (Tingwei).Liu Hong believed that when Yang Qiu was the governor of Jiujiang (northwest of Dingyuan County, Anhui Province), he had made great achievements in the crusade against the Bianmin group, so he was specially pardoned and appointed as a councilor (Yilang). 3. The Xianbei tribe (the royal court set up Danhan Mountain) attacked the three sides (three sides: the east, west, and north of the northern border, that is, the entire northern frontier is broken). 4. A group of ordinary people in the Luoyang market gathered dozens of people and went to the cemetery of the former emperor (Eleventh Emperor Huan) Liu Zhi (Xuanling·North of Sanshilipu, southeast of Mengjin County, Henan Province), claiming to be "Xuanling filial son".Emperor Liu Hong appointed them all to be the imperial guards of the crown prince (Prince Sheren. The imperial guards of the crown princes are the lowest positions in civil servants, with an annual salary of 200 shi, and their tasks are the same as those of the palace guards, serving as guards for the prince). 5. In autumn and July, Liu Yi, the chief inspector (Sikong), was dismissed; Chen Qiu, the commander of the security of the Imperial City (Wei Wei), was promoted to be the chief inspector. 6. In the beginning, Liu Hong loved literary creation. He wrote 50 chapters of "Huangxi Chapter" by himself, and selected students from National University with literary creation ability to gather in Hongdumen and wait for orders.Later, students who were familiar with letters (chidu) and cursive script (bird seal script) were also recruited, and there were dozens of them.Le Song and Jia Hu, the directors of the palace attendants (servants offering wine), even quoted some people with low moral character and tending to power, and mixed them together.When summoned, he talked about some trivial and interesting stories in the streets and alleys of the people, which made Liu Hong very happy, and he was often promoted by leaps and bounds.And Liu Hong didn't go to the imperial temple to worship ancestors or the countryside to worship heaven for a long time.It just so happened that Liu Hong issued an edict to all civil and military officials to state their opinions on the government. Cai Yong presented the "Personal Enlightenment" (Secrets), saying: "When the solar terms change, people greet them in the five suburbs ("Continued Han Shu Sacrificial Records": On the day of Lichun, welcome spring in the eastern suburbs. On the day of Lixia, welcome summer in the southern suburbs. Eighteen days before Liqiu, welcome Huang Ling at the altar. Liqiu On the day of the beginning of winter, welcome the autumn in the western suburbs. On the day of the beginning of winter, welcome the winter in the northern suburbs. Each has its own gods, chants, and holy dances). Time: the first month in spring, April in summer, July in autumn, October and December in winter). The rites for the elderly and university education (refer to 1959) are important tasks for the king, and they are valued by the ancestors. However, the relevant units However, it is always an excuse for the funeral of the princes and men who have been very alienated by blood, or for the illness or death of low-level officials in the palace after women gave birth (in ancient times, men had absolute dignity, and it was believed that the first month after women gave birth was a big event. It is not auspicious, must be isolated from her), abandoned and stopped. Forget the importance of etiquette and salute, listen to the books of taboos of gods and ghosts, and destroy the imperial ceremony for a little accident. I suggest that from now on, all fasting systems should return to normal ( Etiquette of the Han Dynasty: offering sacrifices to heaven and earth, fasting for seven days; offering sacrifices to mountains and rivers and royal temples, fasting for five days; .If something inauspicious happens the day before the fast begins, the fast will continue as usual), used to deal with the wrath of heaven and monster catastrophes. "In ancient times, when the government appointed officials, it always ordered the feudal states to recommend them every year. In the era of Emperor Xiaowu (the seventh emperor of the Western Han Dynasty, Liu Che), the county government recommended talents such as 'filial piety' and 'virtuous' and 'literature'. Famous ministers It keeps appearing that both civil and military have made meritorious deeds. The Han Dynasty (two Han dynasties) selected state cadres, only these few channels (referring to "filial piety", "virtuous" and "literature"). As for calligraphy, painting, poetry and poetry, they are just small skills ，对于治国治民，无能为力。陛下即位初期，首先阅读儒家学派经典，在处理国家大事之余，观看文艺作品，不过聊以代替赌博、下棋而已，并不是用它作为遴选人才的标准。可是，大学生贪图利益，写作人情绪沸腾，高级的还能够引用儒家学派经典，教化风俗；低级的则满篇俚语俗话，好像戏台上演戏，不能登大雅之堂。甚至有些人抄袭别人作品，或冒充别人名字。 “我每次在盛化门（宫门之一）接受诏书，看到对他们虽分别等级，却一一录用；一些实在不够格的人，因为追随在后，也都有所安置。我认为，恩典既然赏赐，已不能收回，准许他们领取薪俸，已是从宽优待，不可以再任命他们当官，或派他们到州郡政府任职。从前，宣帝（西汉王朝十任帝刘病已）曾在石渠观（长安未央宫北）集合儒家学派高级知识分子（参考前五一年），章帝（东汉王朝三任帝刘炟）曾在白虎观（洛阳北宫）集合政府高级官员（参考七九年），统一经典解释，贡献至为重大，姬昌（文）、姬发（武）的治国方法，最好朝这个方向学习。至于小的才能、小的善行，虽然有它的价值，但孔丘却认为：从长程的观点观察，却行不通（这是卜商的话：“虽然是小道，也有它的价值，但从长程的观点观察，恐怕行不通。”蔡邕误以为出自孔丘）。所以，正人君子，当追求伟大的目标。 “不久之前，陛下任命'宣陵孝子'，都当太子宫禁卫官。我听说过，文帝（西汉王朝五任帝刘恒）规定，服丧只须三十六日（参考前一五七年），即令是继承宝座的君王，父子之亲以及身受重恩的大臣，都要克制自己的感情，遵从诏令，不可破坏。而今，那些市井小人物，跟先帝（十一任帝刘志）并没有骨肉之亲，更没有受到过先帝（刘志）厚恩，甚至连俸禄都没有领过，他们的孝心，从哪里生出来？奸佞邪恶之辈，更乘机混到里面。窦太后（刘志正妻窦妙）棺木抬上丧车时，东郡（河南省濮阳市西南）有一位犯通奸罪的逃犯，混进孝子行列之中，幸而被原籍县政府逮捕，才被定罪。像这一类肮脏行径，一言难尽。皇太子的属官，应该物色品德高尚之士，岂可以录用坟墓中的恶棍？这不是祥瑞美好的兆头，情形严重。理应把他们遣送回乡，以示不被诈欺的行为蒙蔽。” 奏章呈上去后，刘宏亲自到首都洛阳北郊，迎接节气（立冬之日，北郊迎冬）。又下令：“宣陵孝子”当太子宫禁卫官（太子舍人）的，一律贬降到县政府，担任司法官（丞）及警察官（尉）。 7、乌桓保安司令（护乌桓校尉）夏育呈递奏章，说：“鲜卑部落（王庭设弹汗山）攻击边界，自春季以来，已发动三十余次。拟请征调幽州（河北省北部及辽宁省）各郡武装部队，出塞反击，只要经过一个冬天和两个春天，定可以完全扑灭。” 原先，西羌保安司令（护羌校尉）田晏，因有罪判刑，受到宽恕，准备立功赎罪；请托寝殿侍奉宦官（中常侍）王甫，准许他率军出击。夏育奏章到时，王甫极力主张发兵，跟夏育联合进军。刘宏遂任命田晏当破鲜卑警卫指挥官（破鲜卑中郎将）。中央政府高级官员多半反对这项军事行动，于是，在金銮宝殿上，举行会议。 蔡邕说： “征讨蛮夷，由来已久。然而，时间有异有同，形势有可有不可。所以，谋略有得有失，事功有成有败，不能等量齐观。以武帝（西汉王朝七任帝刘彻）的神明英武，良将如云，军需充实，开拓的疆土，广袤遥远。然而，数十年下来，政府与人民，都陷贫困，深感后悔。何况今天，人财两缺，国力又处于劣势！ “自从北匈奴向远方逃走，鲜卑部落，转趋强盛，盘踞匈奴汗国故土（参考九三年、一五六年），现役武装部队，有十万之多，勇猛刚健，智谋层出不穷。再加上关卡要塞，并不严密，法网禁令，漏洞百出；精钢锐铁，都外流到敌人之手。汉人逃犯，更投奔鲜卑，成为他们的智囊。兵力强大，战马强悍，超过匈奴。 “从前，段颎是一代良将，熟悉军旅，骁勇善战。然而，对付西羌叛变部落，仍要十余年之久（段颎自一五九年用兵，至一六九年成功，共十一年）。现在，夏育、田晏，才干谋略，未必超过段颎，而鲜卑部落却不弱于从前。竟然凭空提出两年灭敌计划，自认为可以达到目的。要知道，一旦兵连祸结，就不能中途停止，不得不继续征兵增援，继续的运送粮秣，结果为了对付蛮夷，而使内地枯竭。 “边疆祸患不过是生在手脚上的顽癖，内部困顿才是生在胸背上的恶疮。郡政府和县政府连本地的小偷强盗都无法禁止，怎能使强大的蛮夷屈服？从前，高帝（西汉王朝一任帝刘邦）忍受平城失败的羞耻（参考前二〇〇年），吕太后（吕雉）忍受匈奴信件的侮辱（参考前一九二年），他们当时的力量，比起今天，哪个时代强大？上天创造山河，秦王朝修建长城，两汉王朝设立关塞亭障，用意就在于隔离内地与边疆，使不同的风俗习惯，远远分开。 “我们所要求的是国内平安，怎么可以跟那种像蚂蚁昆虫一样的化外强盗，一来一往，计较长短？即令把他们击败，又岂能把他们杀光，才能使政府安心？从前，淮南王刘安劝阻讨伐闽越王国（首都东冶）说：'如果闽越王国冒险迎战，攻击大军的前队，炊事兵也好，马夫车夫也好，只要有一个受到伤害，虽然砍下闽越国王的人头，也是强大汉朝的羞辱（参考前一三五年。然而引用这段话，并不恰当，因为刘安后来承认他缺乏远见，判断错误）。'而竟打算使汉朝人民跟蛮夷等量齐观，使皇家威严跟夷狄屈辱同列。即令像夏育、田晏所揭示的，完成任务，仍有危机，何况得失成败，又不可预料？” 刘宏不理。 八月，夏育大军出高柳（代郡郡政府所在县·山西省阳高县），田晏大军出云中（内蒙古托克托县），匈奴协防司令（匈奴中郎将）臧旻，率南匈奴汗国（王庭设美稷）屠特若尸逐就单于（三十八任）出雁门（山西省朔州市东南），各率骑兵一万余人，三路并进，深入鲜卑国土二千余里。鲜卑酋长檀石槐，动员东、中、西三大酋长（三部大人）迎战。夏育等溃败，辎重及军令符节等全部丧失，各人只率领骑兵数十人逃命奔回，十分之七八（两万人以上）被鲜卑屠杀。夏育、田晏、臧旻被装入囚车，押回首都洛阳，投入监狱。三人缴出巨款赎罪，得以贬作平民。 8、冬季，十月一日，日食。 9、全国武装部队总司令（太尉）刘宽免职。 10、十月辛丑日（十月癸丑朔，没有辛丑），京师（首都洛阳）地震。 11、十一月，最高监察长（司空）陈球免职。 12、十二月三日，任命祭祀部长（太常）河南（河南省洛阳市东白马寺东）人孟戫（音yu），当全国武装部队总司令。 13、十二月二十九日，宰相杨赐免职。 14、擢升祭祀部长陈耽当最高监察长。 15、辽西郡（辽宁省义县西）郡长、甘陵（首府甘陵）人赵苞，到任之后，派人到故乡迎接娘亲及妻子，将到郡政府时，经过柳城（辽宁省朝阳市南），正碰上鲜卑部落一万余人，突入边塞劫掠，遂全被俘虏。鲜卑军发现她们是郡长的娘亲、妻子时，如获至宝，带着她们，挺进到辽西。赵苞率骑兵二万人迎战，双方对阵，鲜卑把赵苞的娘亲、妻子，展示给赵苞，作为要挟。赵苞悲苦哀号，对娘亲说：“当儿子的在平常日子，缺少侍奉，本打算用微薄的俸禄，在您左右供养，所以派人接您，想不到反而为您召来大祸。从前，我是您的儿子；现在，我是国家的官员，大义不能再顾私恩，自毁忠节。只有死一万次，用以弥补我的罪恶。”娘亲告诉他：“我儿！人，生死有命，不要为了我的缘故，不忠不义！你要有决心。” 赵苞即下令攻击，鲜卑大败，遂斩赵苞娘亲、妻子。赵苞上书报告，要求护送娘亲、妻子的棺柩回故乡安葬。皇帝刘宏派使节吊丧，封赵苞当鄃侯。 安葬已毕，赵苞告诉他的乡人说：“拿国家的俸禄而逃避灾难，不是忠臣；杀了娘亲而全大义，不是孝子，我有什么脸面活在人世？”吐血而死。 1、春季，正月，东汉王朝（首都洛阳）合浦郡（广西合浦县东北）、交趾郡（越南河内市东北北宁府）乌浒蛮叛变，跟九真郡（越南清化市）、日南郡（越南东河县）变民集团结合，一连攻陷几个郡县。 2、全国武装部队总司令（太尉）孟戫免职。 3. On February 1st, a solar eclipse. 4、二月三日，任命宫廷禁卫官司令（光禄勋）陈国（首府陈县）人袁滂当宰相（司徒）。 5、二月九日，地震。 6、设立“鸿都门大学”（鸿都门学），学生全由州、郡、三公推荐，往往被任命担任州长（刺史）、郡长（太守），或被任命当宫廷秘书（尚书）、宫廷随从（侍中）；有的还封侯爵、准侯爵（关内侯）。耿直的正人君子，都以跟这些人并肩是一种羞辱。 7、三月二十一日，赦天下，改年号（之前是熹平七年，之后是光和元年）。 8、擢升祭祀部长（太常）常山（首府元氏）人张颢（音hao）当全国武装部队总司令。张颢是寝殿侍奉宦官（中常侍）张奉的老弟。 9、夏季，四月七日，地震。 10、宫廷随从署（侍中寺）发生怪事，一只母鸡变成公鸡。 11、最高监察长（司空）陈耽免职，擢升祭祀部长来艳当最高监察长。 12、六月二十九日，一道黑气，从天际下降，直坠东汉帝（十二任灵帝）刘宏（本年二十三岁）常到的温德殿东院，长十余丈，好像一条黑龙。 13、秋季，七月壬子日（七月己卯朔，没有壬子），青色彩虹直垂南宫玉堂后殿。刘宏召集特级国务官（光禄大夫）杨赐等，到金商门（南宫宫门），询问天变原因跟消除灾异的方法。 杨赐回答：“《春秋谶》（神秘预言书）说：'天上投下彩虹，天下怨，海内乱。'再加上'四百'期限，将要来到（神秘预言书《春秋演孔图》原文：“刘四百岁之际，褒汉王辅，皇王以期，有名不就。”意思好像是说东西两汉王朝加在一起的寿命，只有四百年）。而今小老婆、婢女，以及被阉割过的宦官之徒，共同掌握大权，欺罔君王。鸿都门大学一群小人，靠着文学作品，受到宠爱，更互相推荐，十天半月，都被擢升：像乐松当了宫廷随从（常伯），任芝当了宫廷秘书（纳言），郤俭（郤，音xi）、梁鹄二人，更受到封爵之类特别的荣耀。而今，正直的绅士都在乡村田野，口中传述伊祁放勋（尧）、姚重华（舜）的言论，亲身实践跟世俗绝不相同的行为，他们被遗弃在水沟山谷，不能把才能贡献国家。这是一种帽子跟鞋子颠倒、深谷跟山陵易位的现象。幸而上帝借着天象，显示它的谴责。《周书》说：'君王遇到怪异则检讨品德，封国国君遇到怪异则改革政治，国务官（大夫）遇到怪异则反省他是否尽到职责，知识分子及平民遇到怪异则修正自己的行为。'所以，只有请求陛下疏远奸佞，迅速征召'鹤鸣'之士（：“老黄鹤在荫凉的地方啼叫，小黄鹤们跟着啼叫。我有杯美酒，去把它留住。”《系辞》解释说：“正人君子在家，一句善言，千里外都有反应。”鹤鸣之士，指品德高洁，言行一致，被世人称道的人），断绝假传圣旨的渠道，停止没有节制的娱乐游戏，才有资格盼望上天回心，变乱平息。” 参议官（议郎）蔡邕回答： “我观察各种天象变异，认为都是东汉王朝覆亡的前兆。只因为上天对东汉王朝仍有旧情，所以屡次显示怪诞现象，作为警告谴责，希望人君感动觉悟，远离危险，转向平安。而今，青虹下坠，雌鸡变雄，都是妇女干涉政治的结果。从前，奶娘赵娆，谄媚骄傲，不断说别人坏话，富贵天下无双。接着是皇太后宫（皇太后指刘宏娘亲董太后，住永乐宫）传达员（永乐门史）霍玉，依仗强大后台，作奸犯科。 “而今，道路上谣传，有一位中大人（宫廷中年老宦官，称“中大人”），隐约崛起，看他的声势，恐怕又将伤害国家，应该防患于未然，公开宣布：应以赵娆、霍玉，作为鉴戒。全国武装部队总司令张颢，是霍玉推荐；宫廷禁卫官司令（光禄勋）伟璋（伟，姓），是有名的贪官；长水外籍兵团指挥官（长水校尉）赵玹、骑兵指挥官（屯骑校尉）盖升，都因一时侥幸，享到荣华富贵。请陛下注意，小人盘踞高位，就是一种灾难，而引用贤能，则是福分。 “我曾见到司法部长（廷尉）郭禧，忠厚老成；特级国务官（光禄大夫）桥玄，聪明正直；前任全国武装部队总司令刘宠，立场坚定。陛下都应把他们当做智囊，常向他们征询意见。宰相等三公是君王的四肢，交给他权力，要求他完成任务，应该在政绩上判定优劣，不应该听从低级官员的意见，为难大臣。同时，皇家工匠们的技术，鸿都门大学文学方面的章篇，似乎应该暂时停止，表示专心国家急难。 “出任地方政府首长的'孝廉'，是知识分子最高级的遴选，近来因为遴选不当，曾下诏斥责三公。可是，有人却只写了一篇小文章，竟超越'孝廉'，直接升迁。请托之门因之大开，实在违背圣明君王的制度，民心不服，但没有人敢说出来。我盼望陛下忍痛割舍，集中心思于国家万机大事，回报上天厚意。 “陛下既亲自节约克制，左右亲近的臣僚，自然会跟着变化，每一个人都检讨改正，消除灾难，则上天将把灾祸赐给骄傲的人，鬼神将把福分赐给谦虚之士。不过，君王跟臣属之间对话，一定要严守秘密，如果不能严守秘密，君王将受到漏言的批评，臣属将受到丧失生命的大祸（：君王不能保守秘密则失去臣僚，臣僚不能保守秘密则失去生命）。请陛下千万不要泄露我的奏章，以免忠心的干部，受到奸邪的报复。” 奏章呈上去后，刘宏一面看，一面叹息。稍后，起身去洗手间，寝殿侍奉宦官曹节，在幕后面偷偷看到眼里，把内容向四方传播，密件遂全部曝光。被蔡邕所指摘的人，怨毒入骨，急图报复。 最初，蔡邕跟藩属事务部长（大鸿胪）刘郃，互相不服。蔡邕叔父皇城保安司令（卫尉）蔡质，跟工程总监（将作大匠）阳球，又有怨恨。而阳球正是寝殿侍奉宦官程璜的女婿（宦官没有子女，此女应是养女，或是侄女）。程璜遂教人用匿名信指控：“蔡邕、蔡质，不断把私事请托刘郃，被刘郃拒绝，蔡邕含恨在心，打算中伤。”刘宏命宫廷秘书署（尚书）召唤蔡邕，询问内情。蔡邕发现情势险恶，上书说：“我实在愚昧而又戆直，不顾后果，向陛下直言。陛下并没有垂怜忠臣苦心，加以保护。诽谤一旦出现，便对我猜疑。我今年四十六岁，孤寒一身，能得到忠臣的令名，虽死也有余荣，但恐怕陛下从今再不能听到直言。” 结果，逮捕蔡邕、蔡质，羁押洛阳监狱。有关官员弹劾二人：“公报私仇，企图伤害大臣，犯大不敬之罪，应绑赴街市处斩。”奏报上去后，寝殿侍奉宦官、河南（河南省洛阳市东白马寺东）人吕强，怜悯蔡邕无辜冤枉，竭力求情，刘宏也想到蔡邕先前奏章上的话，下诏说：“免死，罪减一等，连同家属，全处髡刑（剃光头发），脚镣手铐，贬逐朔方郡（内蒙古包头市），遇赦不赦。”阳球一连派出几个杀手，追赶行刺，杀手感佩蔡邕大义，都不肯听命。阳球又贿赂并州（山西省及黄河河套地区）州长跟朔方郡郡长，命他们下手毒杀；州长、郡长反而警告蔡邕戒备，蔡邕这才逃生。 14、八月，天市星旁出现孛星。 15、九月，全国武装部队总司令张颢免职；擢升祭祀部长陈球，继任全国武装部队总司令。 16、最高监察长来艳逝世。 冬季，十月，擢升骑兵指挥官袁逢，当最高监察长。 17、刘宏正妻宋皇后，从来不受宠爱。后宫一些受到宠爱的小老婆群，遂共同对她下手，谗言诬陷。而勃海王刘悝的正妻宋女士，正是宋皇后的姑母，寝殿侍奉宦官王甫，恐怕宋皇后一旦得势，为姑母复仇（一七二年，刘悝全家被诛杀），也乘机诬