Chapter 2 Second Decade of the Ninth Century (810-819)

1. In spring, the first month, Liu Ji, the commander (Jiedushi) of the Lulong theater (headquartered in Youzhou) of the Tang Dynasty (capital Chang’an), personally led an army of 70,000 people to attack the Chengde theater (headquartered in Hengzhou) to change the army The leader Wang Chengzong.At that time, all the troops did not move forward, Liu Ji attacked bravely alone and captured Raoyang (Raoyang County, Hebei Province) and Shulu (Xinji City, Hebei Province). The four theater task forces of Hedong (headquarters in Taiyuan), Hezhong (headquarters in Hezhong), Zhenwu (headquarters in Shanyu), and Yiwu (headquarters in Dingzhou) are in charge of the North Chengde expedition. Theater Headquarters Dingzhou City, Hebei Province) joined forces.It was the Lantern Festival on the 15th day of the first lunar month, and the public security officials of the Yiwu theater suggested canceling the Lantern Night Market due to the presence of foreign troops. Call it a foreign army?" In accordance with folk customs, the lanterns will still be lit, the people will not be prohibited from visiting and watching, and the gates in the streets will not be closed.For three days in a row, the nights were the same as usual, and no one dared to make noise.

On the 26th of the first lunar month, Wang Rong, general of the Hedong Task Force, captured Huihuang Town in Chengde (Xinle City, Hebei Province).The eunuch Tutu Chengcui, the commander-in-chief (lieutenant) of the Zuo Shence Army arrived at the front, and the armies showed no respect for him, so his prestige could not be established; General Li Dingjin was killed in battle (the commander of the Shence Army was originally the "General" in order to accommodate retired theater commanders, and "Command Army" was added on top of "General"; later, "Command Army" was added. "General Commander" served by eunuchs).Li Dingjin was a brave general (who had captured Liu Pi alive), and his army lost courage because of fear.

2. Fang Shi, the special mayor of Luoyang (Luoyang City, Henan Province) (Henan Yin), was accused of illegal dereliction of duty. Yuan Zhen, the administrative supervisor of Dongdu (Dongtai Supervision Censor), requested arrest and interrogation. Before the imperial edict was issued, Yuan Zhen decided without authorization and ordered Fang Shi to suspend his duties first.The central government believed that Yuan Zhen had handled it wrongly, fined him three months' salary, and transferred him back to the capital (the capital Chang'an). Yuan Zhen walked to Fushui Station (12 kilometers west of Huayin City, Shaanxi Province), and just moved into the station, an eunuch came from behind ("Old Tang Book · Yuan Zhen Biography" said that the eunuch was Liu Shiyuan, "Xianzong "Records" said that the eunuch was Qiu Shiliang), aggressively broke through the gate of the post station, scolded loudly, rushed in, beat Yuan Zhen with a horsewhip, and injured his face.However, Emperor Tang (fourteenth Emperor Xianzong) Li Chun (33 years old this year) emphasized Yuan Zhen's negligence in handling the Fang style case, and demoted Yuan Zhen to the Jiangling (Jiangling County, Hubei Province) special city government as a civil servant (Scholar Cao) ).

Li Jiang and Cui Qun, the royal literature research officers (academic bachelor), reported that Yuan Zhen did not commit a crime.Bai Juyi Shangshu pointed out: "The eunuch insulted government officials. Your majesty didn't ask the eunuchs, but first relegated the government officials. I am afraid that from now on, the eunuchs will be more violent when they are outside, and no one dares to report it to your majesty. Moreover, Yuan Zhen's life He is a censor (censor), not afraid of power, and many people have been impeached by him, and they all gritted their teeth against him. I am afraid that no one will be willing to enforce the law and punish criminals for His Majesty from now on. If there is a cunning, Your Majesty has no way of knowing." Li Chun ignored it.

3. Because Li Chun is fighting in Heshuo (Hebei Plain), he cannot attack Wu Shaoyang, the leader of the Changyi (Huaixi) theater (headquartered in Caizhou) at the same time (refer to November 27th last year). On March 19th, Wu Shaoyang was ordered to be the alternate commander of the Zhangyi theater (stay behind). 4. It has been a long time since various soldiers and horses crusaded against Wang Chengzong, but there was no result. Bai Juyi went to Shu, thinking: "For the area north of the Yellow River, a war should not have been launched. Since the central government has dispatched troops, Tutu Chengcui has lost a general (referring to Li Dingjin) before fighting hard. The Shence Army and the Zhaoyi Task Force (headquarters After Luzhou) entered the bandit border, they refused to enter again. Not only did they intentionally delay their stay, but they were also too weak to launch an offensive. The two armies of Hedong (headquarters in Taiyuan Prefecture) and Yiwu (headquarters in Dingzhou) advanced to Xinshi Town ( Northeast Xinchengpu, Zhengding County, Hebei Province) was unable to pass through. The Lulong (headquarters in Youzhou) army besieged Leshou (Xianxian County, Hebei Province) and was unable to conquer it. Li Shidao (commander of Pinglu), Tian Ji'an (commander of Wei Bo) Officer) could not guarantee to support the central government in the past, but now it seems that they have made a secret agreement with each other. After occupying a county, they will report to the central government and stop moving forward. Your Majesty observes this situation, what hope is there for success! My ignorant view is that this war must be ended quickly! If you hesitate, there are four disadvantages: two are regrettable, and two are worthy of deep concern. Why is this so?

"If the crusade is guaranteed to be successful, it should be accepted no matter how much it costs. Since it is obvious that it will never be successful, money and food should not be wasted. After awakening, correct it immediately. It is never too late. One day will cost one more day. If it is delayed to ten days and a half months, the cost will be even higher, and the result is still retreat. Why not retreat sooner? Why use the government's money, silk, and people's blood and sweat to rescue the warlords who ruled north of the Yellow River ?Making them strong! This is one of the things I feel sorry for Your Majesty.

"I am also afraid that the separatist warlords in the north of the Yellow River, seeing that Wu Shaoyang (the alternate commander of Zhangyi) has been appointed by the central government, will definitely use it as an example and use the same words as Wu Shaoyang to plead for his own crimes. If Wang Chengzong makes such a request , the central government cannot refuse in terms of legal principles. When he made a request, the central government had to reluctantly agree, and he was already at a disadvantage psychologically. On the contrary, it made Wang Chengzong and his people of the same nature unite stronger. If so, the power of the central government to grant or dismiss All decisions are made by the local government, and the central government will no longer have any trust. In the end, the authority of the central government will disappear in the north of the Yellow River. This is the second thing I feel sorry for Your Majesty.

"Now, the weather is starting to get hotter, and it's interacting with the murderous spirit on the battlefield. The soldiers are suffering from hunger and thirst, exhausted physically and mentally, and are plagued by diseases and plagues. They are exposed to the wilderness with no shelter from wind and rain! Drive out such people to charge and fight How can they bear it! Even if they are willing to sacrifice their lives, it is difficult for them to bear the misery on the battlefield. What's more, the Shence soldiers are all urban civilians, gathering together like crows, and they can't adapt at all. What they think about every day is how to find a way out, even Take the opportunity to flee, as long as one person escapes successfully, a hundred people will be encouraged. If one army is disintegrated, the other troops will definitely be shaken. Once things get so bad, it will be too late to regret. This is what I am deeply worried about for Your Majesty one of the things.

"I once heard that the Uighurs (the vast sea desert group) and Tubo (the capital Luoxie City) have spies. They have sufficient information on our country's major and minor events. Now, the whole country's troops are assembled to attack Wang Chengzong, a bandit. From the winter of last year (809) to the summer of this year, there have been no news of success. How can we let the barbarians know all about the strength of our fighting power and the cost! , take advantage of the emptiness of our border defenses, and send troops to attack. With our current military strength, can we save the head or the tail? Once the war is stalemate, what changes will not happen? If this happens, it will definitely affect the stability of the empire. It is the second thing that I am deeply worried about for His Majesty."

5. Lu Congshi, commander of the Zhaoyi War Zone (headquartered in Luzhou), was the first to instigate the central government to crusade against Wang Chengzong (refer to April last year), but when the central government dispatched the army, Lu Congshi procrastinated and refused to advance , and made a secret alliance with Wang Chengzong, ordered the soldiers to hide Wang Chengzong's banner, and deliberately raised the price of grain and fodder to increase the central government's financial expenditures. On the one hand, he hinted that the central government appointed him as prime minister, and on the other hand accused other war zones of colluding with the mutiny (Wang Chengzong), Advise the central government not to move forward.Li Chun was deeply disgusted.

Coincidentally, Wang Yiyuan, the official of Lu Congshi's camp, came to report to the central government. Prime Minister Pei Jie met him for a talk and explained to him the duties of his subordinates, which touched his heart a little. And how to subdue Lu Congshi's strategy, Pei Jie ordered Wang Yiyuan to go back and carry out it secretly.When Wang Yiyuan came to the capital for the second time, he received a promise of cooperation from Wu Chongyin, Lu Congshi's commander-in-chief (known as the military envoy) and others.Pei Jie reported to Li Chun: "Lu Congshi is cunning and arrogant, with a vicious temperament, and he is bound to make trouble. Now, he faces Tu Tu Cheng Cui's camp face to face, and he treats Tu Tu Cheng Cui as a three-year-old baby. Don't be on guard. If you don't subdue him today, even if you mobilize the army in the future, you may not be able to level him in a year or so." Li Chun stayed there for a long time, thinking for a long time, and finally approved the plan. Lu Congshi was greedy, so Tutu Chengcui took out the unrivaled rare treasures to test his taste, and occasionally gave him a few.Lu Congshi was overjoyed, and became closer to Tutu Chengcui, regardless of his appearance. In summer, on April 15th (the original text was mistakenly placed in March, according to the "Old Tang Book"), Tutu Chengcui and Li Ting, the combat commander of the task force (battalion envoy) Li Ting, made a secret plan and invited Lu Congshi Come to the big camp to gamble, ambush the warriors in the tent, launch a surprise attack, subdue Lu Congshi, drag him to the back of the tent, tie them with ropes, put them on the prison cart that has been prepared, and rush to escort the capital.Lu Congshi's guards rebelled in shock, vomited and beheaded more than ten people, and told them that it was the emperor's edict.When Lu heard the news from Shi Daying's soldiers, he immediately put on his armor and rushed out, weapons in hand, running and shouting.Standing at the gate of the camp, Wu Chongyin yelled sharply: "The emperor ordered: those who obey will be rewarded, and those who resist will be beheaded!" The soldiers had to take back their weapons and return to their original posts.It was night, and the prison van was running like the wind, and before dawn, it had already rushed out of the jurisdiction of the Zhaoyi War Zone.Wu Chongyin is the son of Wu Chengjun (about Wu Chengjun, refer to June 758).Li Ting is the son of Li Sheng (Li Sheng, refer to September 768). 6. On April 18, Fan Xichao (commander of Hedong) and Zhang Maozhao (commander of Yiwu) defeated Wang Chengzong's army in Mudaogou (Xinmin Town, Xinle City, Hebei Province). 7. Li Chun praised Wu Chongyin's contribution and planned to appoint him as the commander of Zhaoyi theater immediately.Li Jiang thought it was not possible, and suggested that Wu Chongyin be appointed as the commander of the Heyang theater (headquartered in Heyang County), and Meng Yuanyang, the commander of the Heyang theater, be appointed as the commander of the Zhaoyi theater.At this time, Tutu Chengcui reported that he had formally informed Wu Chongyin in an official document that he was temporarily in charge of the affairs of the alternate commander (after Judang stayed).Li Jiang resolutely opposed it, and Shangshu said: "The Zhaoyi War Zone has jurisdiction over five states (Luzhou, Zezhou, Xingzhou, Mingzhou, and Cizhou), and occupies the key areas of Shandong (east of Taihang Mountain). Weibo (headquartered) Weizhou), Chengde (headquartered in Hengzhou), and Lulong (headquartered in Youzhou) were intertwined and supported each other (then called "Heshuo three towns"). The central government only relied on the power of Zhaoyi to deal with them Containment. The affiliated Xingzhou, Cizhou, and Mingzhou are wedged into the hinterland of the three towns of Heshuo. They are the treasures of the central government and are related to the safety of the empire (the army in the Zelu theater is the most powerful army in the world, refer to the first month of 765). In the past, Lu Congshi was entrenched, which made the central government worry and uneasy. Fortunately, he took it back today, but Tutu Chengcui was handed over to Wu Chongyin. Hearing this news, I was shocked and lamented. It is really sad! This time the central government traps Lu Congshi, although it has long-term benefits. But he has lost his dignity. Tutu Chengcui actually used Gongwen to send Wu Chongyin as the alternate commander of an important strategic town, and asked the central government to issue personnel orders on his behalf. There is no king in his mind, what could be more serious than this? Your Majesty withdrew Zhaoyi yesterday, the gods in the sky and the people of the whole country congratulated, and the central authority regained strength. Today, it is suddenly handed over to the generals in the war zone, and the hearts of the people are suddenly depressed. The laws and systems of the empire have been chaotic since then. Only from the point of view of interests Analysis, it might as well be still Lu Congshi. Why? Although Lu Congshi has treacherous intentions, he is finally appointed by the central government. , let him be replaced. I am afraid that the commanders of the war zones north and south of the Yellow River will be furious when they hear the news, and think it is a humiliation to be with a commander appointed by the eunuch like Wu Chongyin. They will definitely accuse Tutu Chengcui Lured Wu Chongyin to expel Lu Congshi, and then let Wu Chongyin take over Lu Congshi's position. Each of them has a general, don't they feel the danger they are facing? What if Liu Ji (Commander Lu Long), Zhang Maozhao , Tian Ji'an (commander of Wei Bo), Cheng Zhigong (commander of Henghai), Han Hong (commander of Xuanwu), Li Shidao (commander of Pinglu) followed up with such protests in Shangshu, accusing Tutu Chengcui of abusing power, I don't know How will His Majesty deal with it? If you ignore it, everyone's anger will become more intense, and if Wu Chongyin's position is transferred because of this, the prestige of the central government will definitely disappear." Li Chun sent Liang Shouqian, the chief eunuch (private envoy) of the palace secret room, to study secretly with Li Jiang, saying: "Now, Wu Chongyin has presided over the military affairs in the theater. It is really a last resort, and we must issue talismans." Li Jiang replied: "Lu Congshi It was not originally the central government's original intention to be the commander of the theater (refer to June 804), so he finally developed evil thoughts and betrayed the central government. Now that Wu Chongyin is in control of the army, he was appointed commander of the theater. What was the difference between Lu Congshi back then? Wu Chongyin was overjoyed to be the commander of the Heyang theater, so how could he dare to force everyone to resist? What's more, the reason why Wu Chongyin was able to subdue Lu Congshi was entirely due to the authority of the central government. Once he broke the law and resisted the edict, how would he know that his colleagues would not follow his example and launch a mutiny? Wu Chongyin has many officers of the same level, and they would not like Wu Chongyin to climb on top of them and be transferred to other theaters , will make everyone satisfied, and there is no need to worry about them making trouble!" Li Chun was very happy and approved all his plans. On April 23, Wu Chongyin was ordered to be the commander of the Heyang theater; Meng Yuanyang was appointed the commander of the Zhaoyi theater. On April 29, Lu Congshi was demoted to Huanzhou (Vinh City, Vietnam) Military Affairs Secretary (Sima). On May 6, more than 3,000 people from the Zhaoyi Army broke up at night and fled to the Weibo theater. Liu Ji (commander Lulong) reported the capture of Anping (Anping County, Hebei Province). 8. On May 21st, the Tubo Kingdom sent officials Lun Sixiere to the Tang Dynasty to meet the emperor, and sent the coffins of Lubi and Zheng Shuju (the two were captured during the robbery of the alliance in Pingliang, which happened in July and August Seven years, so far twenty-four years). 9. On May 25, the Xi tribe (upstream of the Luan River) attacked Lingzhou (Lingwu City, Ningxia). 10. On June 15th, Bai Juyi, the Royal Literature Research Officer (Hanlin Bachelor), went to Shushu again and said: "I recently asked to suspend the military operations north of the Yellow River, but today's situation is worse than before. I don't know if Your Majesty still wants to What are you waiting for?" At that time, Li Chun would always discuss with the royal literature research officer whenever there was a major military event.Once there was no summons for more than a month, Li Jiang and other officials said: "We are full every day, sitting here without saying a word, it is really a good thing for us, but where do you put your majesty? Your majesty asked the ministers It is really a blessing for the people of the whole country to visit and inquire about the main ways of governing the country, and to accept straightforward criticism openly, not just for a few of us!" Li Chun immediately ordered: "Tomorrow, the third hall will summon you!" (The third hall is the Linde Hall, There are doors on three sides of the hall, so it has this nickname. On the west side of the third hall is the Royal Academy of Letters.) Once when Bai Juyi faced Li Chun, he blurted out: "Your Majesty is wrong!" An independent individual. In 805, Li Chungang ascended the throne, appointed a dean, and appointed Zheng Yu to be in charge. The important imperial edicts and important personnel changes, as well as the secret plans of the prime ministers, and the central and local government's private announcements, communicated with the emperor. The designated matters are all handed over to the Royal Literature Research Officer for comments), and said: "Bai Juyi is just a small official, and his words are rude, teach him to leave the Royal Academy of Literature (Hanlin Academy)!" Li Jiang said: "Your Majesty accommodates the straightforward Criticism, that's why the subordinates dare to do their best to be loyal and not hide anything. Although Bai Juyi's words were thoughtless, he was sincere. If His Majesty punishes him today, I'm afraid that everyone in the world will keep their mouths shut. This is not to make the king's eyes and ears clear and honorable. The method of holy character." Li Chun was very happy and treated Bai Juyi the same as before. Li Chun planned to go to the Royal Forest Garden to hunt nearby, but he walked to the west of Penglai Pool (Penglai Pool is also known as Taiye Pool, and there is Penglai Mountain in the pool; to the west is Xuanwu Gate, which faces Chongyuan Gate, the south gate of the forest garden to the north. Yuanmen, which is the Royal Forest Garden), said to the left and right: "Li Jiang will definitely have opinions, it is better not to go." 11. In autumn, on July 2nd, Wang Chengzong (the leader of Chengde) sent envoys to the capital to defend himself, saying that he was instigated by Lu Congshi, and now he is willing to submit taxes and officials. Rehabilitation.Li Shidao, the commander of the Pinglu War Zone, and others repeatedly asked the central government to Zhaoxue Wang Chengzong. The central government was also looking for steps to step down because the crusade had not been effective. People who are exonerated and innocent are no longer wronged. The meanings of the two are different. In the past, a traitor was a traitor, but the central government pardoned him and did not punish him; The Tang government could no longer stand firm in terms of writing), ordered him to be the commander of the German theater, and then returned Dezhou and Dizhou to Wang Chengzong (two states Jianbaoxin theater, refer to September 7 last year).Ordered the demobilization of the task forces in each theater, and rewarded a total of 280,000 pieces of cloth and silk forging (the Tang Dynasty system: six feet is one end, and four feet is one piece. Horse? Not sure).In addition, Liu Ji was awarded the official title of the Central Committee: the Supreme Legislative Chief (Zhongshu Ling · Envoy). 12. When Liu Jin, the commander of the Lulong War Zone, went south to crusade against Wang Chengzong, he appointed his eldest son Liu Li (sound gun) as the deputy commander (deputy ambassador) to manage the left-behind business in Youzhou (Beijing).Liu Ji led the army to station in Yingzhou (Hejian City, Hebei Province), and his second son, Mr. Liu, was the governor of Yingzhou. Raoyang County, Province).Liu Ji was ill, and Mr. Liu conspired with the executive officer (judge) Zhang Ke (sound qi) and the clerk (Kongmu officer) Cheng Guobao to send someone pretending to come from Chang'an, saying: "The central government believes that the general will not stay. No meritorious service, the deputy commander-in-chief has been promoted to be the commander-in-chief!" The next day, someone was sent to report: "The banner and talisman of the deputy commander-in-chief has arrived in Taiyuan (Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province)!" Another person ran on the street, One side shouted: "The banner and talisman festival has passed Daizhou (Daixian County, Shanxi Province)!" The whole army was shocked.Liu Ji was furious and didn't know what to do. He executed dozens of generals who had a good relationship with Liu Fu, sent someone to summon Liu Fu to Yingzhou, and ordered Zhang Ke's elder brother Zhang Gao to take over the left-behind business instead.Liu Ji didn't eat from morning to afternoon. He was thirsty and asked for a drink. Mr. Liu put the poison in the water and sent it up. On July 17, Liu Ji died of poisoning (he was 54 years old).When Liu Fu went to Zhuozhou (Zhuozhou City, Hebei Province), Mr. Liu falsely spread the order of his father who had been poisoned to death, beat Liu Fu to death with a stick, and then took over the military administration in the theater (Mr. Guangxiang was fired in a kiln, but what prompted Mr. Liu to do this is not recorded in history books). 13. Xu Suizhen, the eunuch of the Lingnan War Zone (headquartered in Guangzhou), spread rumors in front of Li Chun to frame Yang Yuling, the commander of the war zone. Li Chun dismissed Yang Yuling and recalled him to the capital as a loose official.Prime Minister Pei Ji said: "Yang Yuling is honest and upright, but it is absolutely inappropriate for Your Majesty to depose him for Xu Suizhen's sake." On July 19, Yang Yuling was appointed as the Deputy Minister of the Civil Affairs Department of the State Council (the Minister of the Ministry of Officials).Xu Suizhen soon confessed to the crime. 14. On August 7th, when Li Chun talked with the prime ministers, he talked about gods and asked: "Are there really gods?" The results of the first emperor of the Qin Dynasty) and Liu Che (the seventh emperor of the Western Han Dynasty) in seeking gods and immortals are clearly recorded in historical records (for Yingzheng, refer to 219 BC; for Liu Che, refer to October 133, BC ); Taizong (the second emperor Li Shimin) took the elixir of life of Buddhist monks in Tianzhu (India) for a long time, which caused many diseases (Tianzhu monk Naluoer Sapomei came to China with Wang Xuance in 640, and died in 657 Chang'an passed away. Li Shimin died of taking medicine, refer to October 668), this is an obvious warning since ancient times. Your Majesty is in the prime of life (this year, Li Chun is thirty-three years old), and he should do his best to govern the empire. It is best to refuse The lobbying of wizards and warlocks. If you act in the right way, your morality is higher than that of the world, the people are safe, and the society is harmonious, why worry about not having the lifespan of Yiqi Fangxun (the sixth Emperor Yao of the Yellow Emperor Dynasty) and Yao Chonghua (the seventh Emperor Shun Emperor of the Yellow Emperor Dynasty)!" ( Yi Qi Fangxun was 119 years old, and Yao Chonghua was 100 years old.) 15. On September 2, Tutu Chengcui returned to Beijing from the front. On September 14th, Li Chun ordered Tutu Chengcui to be the general of Zuowei (First Army of the Guards) (cong 2nd rank) and the commander-in-chief of Zuoshence Army (Lieutenant of Zuojun).Prime Minister Pei Jie protested, saying: "Tutu Chengcui first advocated the crusade against Wang Chengzong, which made the whole country poor and poor. He is an eunuch of the Crown Prince, he should be demoted if he is not publicly punished, and he should confess his guilt to the people of the whole country!" Duan Pingzhong and Lu Yuanying, the imperial supervisors (in the middle of the matter), believed that Tutu Chengcui should be executed.Prime Minister Li Jiang Shangshu emphasized: "Your Majesty refuses to punish Tutu Chengcui. If there are generals who fail in battle in the future, how should the central government treat them? If they are killed, they will be accused of the same crime and punished differently. He will definitely not accept it. If you don't hear Don't ask, then, in order to save their own lives, who is willing to fight to the death with the enemy? I hope that His Majesty will let go of the love that he cannot bear to let go, and implement the never-changing national code, so that the generals will be vigilant and encouraged." Two days later (September 16), Li Chun was dismissed from the position of commander-in-chief of Tu Tucheng Cuizuo Shence Army and changed to the director of the arsenal (army envoy).Congratulations from the central and local governments. 16. Prime Minister Pei Jie suffered a stroke, and Li Chun was very sorry. The eunuchs who greeted him were on the road one after another. 17. On September 29, Quan Deyu, Minister of Sacrifice (Taichangqing), was promoted to Minister of Education of the State Council (Shangshu of the Ministry of Rites) and second-level prime minister (Tongping Zhangshi). 18. Zhang Maozhao, the commander of the Yiwu War Zone, requested the central government to send someone to take over his official position, and planned to settle down with his family in the capital.The warlords of the separatist regimes north of the Yellow River sent people to lobby to stop it, but Zhang Maozhao refused to accept it, and submitted four memorials, which Li Chuncai approved.He ordered the Chief of Administration of the Crown Prince (Zuo Shuzi) to serve as the Chief of Staff of the Yiwu War Zone (March Sima).Zhang Maozhao handed over all the archives, books and warehouse keys of Yizhou (Yixian County, Hebei Province) and Dingzhou to Ren Dijian, and sent his wife and children away first, saying: "I don't want my children and grandchildren to be polluted by bad atmosphere." Zhang Maozhao then left (Zhang Xiaozhong took office as the commander of the Yiding theater in February 1982, and passed on his son Zhang Maozhao, who occupied Yiwu for 29 years). In winter, on October 11, the picket officer (Marquis Yu) Yang Boyu launched a mutiny and imprisoned Ren Dijian. On October 14th, soldiers in the Yiwu War Zone rebelled, beheaded Yang Boyu, and asked Ren Dijian to restore him.The combat commander (soldier and horse envoy) Zhang Zuoyuan launched another mutiny and imprisoned Ren Dijian; Ren Dijian asked the mutiny for permission to resign and return to Beijing.A few days later, the soldiers in the war zone countered the mutiny again, beheaded Zhang Zuoyuan, and supported Ren Dijian to preside over major military and political affairs.At this time, the public treasury of the two prefectures of Yiding was exhausted, and the wealth of the people had been looted. Ren Dijian had nothing to reward the soldiers, so he had to cook brown rice and eat with the soldiers. He lived in the headquarters for a month. The soldiers were moved and unanimous. Ask him to go home and sleep, so that Ren Dijian can keep his official position.Li Chun sent 100,000 bolts of silk to reward the soldiers in the Yiwu war zone (Ren Dijian is kind, refer to the first month of 804). On October 25th, Di Jian was appointed as the commander of the Yiwu theater. On October 27, Zhang Maozhao was ordered to be the commander of the Hezhong War Zone (the headquarters is located in Hezhong Mansion), and all the officers who followed him were newly appointed. 19. Yishen, the general of Youjinwu (12th Army of the Guards), bribed the commander-in-chief of Youshence Army (Lieutenant of Youjun) eunuch Fifth Congzhi (fifth, surname) with 30,000 strings of money, hoping to be appointed as Commander of the River Zone.Fifthly, I am afraid that the matter will be leaked, so I will report it to the emperor first. On November 3, Yishen was demoted to be the general of the Right Guard (Second Guard Army), and three people were executed for this case. At first, Yi Shen came to the capital to meet with the commander of the Fengyi War Zone (headquartered in Anzhou) (see December 805), and ordered his son Yiyou to take charge of the left-behind military affairs, and the central government ordered Yiyou to be the governor of Anzhou (see On the 8th day of the first month of 806), the Yijiaban forces still could not be eliminated.Coincidentally, Yiyou's mother passed away in Chang'an, and Yiyou didn't announce the news of the funeral immediately because she wanted to hold the military power.Xi Shimei, the chief executive of Eyue Road (the capital is located in Ezhou), sent an envoy to handle business. When passing by Anzhou, Yiyou came out to meet him. The envoy told Yiyunniang that she had passed away. He had prepared a sedan chair in advance and sent Yiyou off on the same day. 20. On November 7th, the king of the meeting, Li Yun, passed away (Li Yun, Li Chun's younger brother). 20. On November 13, Wang E, the former commander of the Hezhong theater, was appointed as the commander of the Hedong theater (headquartered in Taiyuan Prefecture). Li Chun received a lot of bribes from Wang E, so he praised Wang E in unison.Li Chun ordered Wang Eyao to serve as the second-level prime minister, but Prime Minister Li Fan firmly opposed it.Quan Deyu reported: "The prime minister is not an official who can be promoted according to his seniority. Since the founding of the Tang Dynasty, military generals in various places, unless they have made great achievements or some vicious and domineering people, the central government has no choice but to do so. Let him be the prime minister at a distance. Now, Wang E has no great meritorious service, and the central government has no last resort, so why can't you wait to award it to him!" Li Chuncai stopped. Wang E has official talents, is capable as an official, has made remarkable achievements in increasing production and mobilizing the army and the people.When Fan Xichao was the commander of the war zone, he led all the Hedong Corps to station in Shandong (east of Taihang Mountain), and the inventory and supplies were consumed. When Wang E first arrived on a mission, the army was less than 30,000, and the horses were less than 600. A year later, the army increased. To 50,000 people, the number of war horses has increased to 5,000, the weapons are excellent, and the warehouses are full.He also paid 300,000 strings of family wealth to the emperor, and Li Chun wanted to appoint Wang Eyao as the second-level prime minister. Li Jiang dissuaded him and said: "Wang E is in Taiyuan. What criticism will future generations have?" Li Chuncai stopped. (Wang E is a corrupt official, and he has been able to govern the area under his jurisdiction flourishingly for more than a year. The fault may lie in the memorial. Wang E is so sparse that historians only recorded it.) 22. The deputy legislator (Zhongshu Shilang) and second-level de facto prime minister Pei Jie kept asking for his resignation due to illness. On November 23, Pei Ji was removed from his official post and transferred to the position of Minister of Defense of the State Council (Shangshu of the Ministry of War). 23. On December 12, Zhang Maozhao arrived in the capital and requested that the bones of his grandfather (Zhang Mi) and father (Zhang Xiaozhong) buried in Dingzhou be moved to Chang'an, the capital. (I don’t know if Li Chun approved it? I can’t tell.) 24. On December 16, Lu Yuanying, the deputy chief inspector (Censor Zhongcheng), was appointed as the chief executive of Eyue Road. Lu Yuanying once planned to climb the city wall at night, but the door was locked, and the gatekeeper refused to open it. The left and right attendants told him, "It's the commander in person!" Not handsome." Lu Yuanying had no choice but to go back.The next day, promote the gatekeeper to an important position. 25. When Li Jiang, the Royal Literature Research Officer and Director of the Honors and Rewards Department of the Ministry of Civil Affairs of the State Council (Si Xun Langzhong), met Li Chun, he exposed the eunuch Tutu Chengcui's tyrannical power and tyranny, and spoke very earnestly.Li Chun pulled his face down and said, "Your words are too exaggerated!" Li Jiang wept and said, "Your Majesty regards me as a confidant. If I am afraid of your majesty, cherish my life, and dare not speak out, it is I who have failed your majesty. I You said it, but His Majesty didn’t want to listen, it’s His Majesty who let me down!” Li Chun calmed down his anger a little, and said, “You said something that others dare not say, and you made me hear news that I never heard before. In the future, just say what you have to say, just like today.” On December 23, Li Jiang was ordered to be a legislator (Zhongshu Sheren), and he remained a royal literary research officer. In a relaxed atmosphere, Li Jiang once advised Li Chun not to collect so much money. Li Chun said: "There are dozens of states in Lianghe (the north and south of the Yellow River), and the central government cannot reach them. Hehuang (Gansu Province and eastern Qinghai Province) Thousands of miles of vast land is still falling into the hands of barbarians (Tubo Kingdom). I want to wash away the shame of my ancestors day and night, but I don’t have enough financial resources, so I have to start saving. Otherwise, the expenditure in the palace is very frugal. Why save so much money? !" 1. In spring, on the 9th day of the first lunar month, Emperor Li Chun (34 years old) of the Tang Dynasty (capital Chang’an) (the 14th Emperor Xianzong) was promoted to the alternate commander of the Zhangyi (Huaixi) theater (headquartered in Caizhou) ) Wu Shaoyang served as the actual commander (Jiedushi). 2. On the 25th day of the first lunar month, Li Jifu, the former commander of the Huainan Theater (headquartered in Yangzhou), was promoted to deputy legislator (Zhongshu Shilang) and second-level real prime minister (Tongping Zhangshi). On February 7th, Prime Minister Li Fan was dismissed and transferred to the post of chief uterus chief (Prince Zhan Shi). 3. On February 24th, Li Zao, the king of Xin, passed away (Li Zao, the son of the eleventh emperor Li Yu, and Li Chun's great-uncle). 4. The group of eunuchs hated Li Jiang deeply and decided to expel him from the Royal Academy of Literature (Hanlin Academy).Therefore, Li Chun really changed Li Jiang to be the deputy minister of the Ministry of Finance of the State Council (Minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs), in charge of the business of the Ministry of Finance (the division). Li Chun asked Li Jiang: "According to the usual practice, the deputy minister of the Ministry of Finance (the Minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs) pays tribute to the 'surplus', but you don't pay any tribute. Why?" Li Jiang replied: "The officials in charge of local administration impose harsh taxes on the people. People in the world still think that he is wrong if he presents it to the emperor in exchange for his favor; what's more, the Ministry of Finance is in charge of all the things in His Majesty's treasury. No matter the expenditure or income, it must be registered in the account book. Surplus? If you just move things from the state treasury (left treasury) to the palace treasury (inner treasury), it is considered a 'surplus'. It is a special presentation, but it is just moved from the east treasury to the west treasury. I dare not continue to do this kind of fraud Bullying." Li Chun admired his integrity, and even more so. 5. On Yisi day in February (Bingyinshuo in February, there is no Yisi), Li Chun asked the prime minister: "Should we govern the people leniently or severely?" Quan Deyu replied: "The Qin Dynasty fell due to cruelty and harshness. The Western Han Dynasty rose due to tolerance and kindness. Taizong (the second emperor Li Shimin) read "Ming Tang Tu" and forbade flogging people's backs (refer to November 630). Therefore, since An Lushan and Shi Siming, although traitors have continued to appear , will be wiped out immediately, because the benevolent government implemented by the ancestors is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people and will never be forgotten. It is clear at a glance whether to be lenient or strict." Li Chun thinks he is right. 6. In summer, on April 4th, Pei Ji, Minister of Defense of the State Council (Shangshu of the Ministry of War), was appointed as the guest of the prince (Zheng Sanpin).The Prime Minister Li Jifu hated him, so there was this change. 7. On April 6, ordered Lu Tan, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Justice of the State Council (Minister of the Ministry of Punishment), Director of Salt and Iron Monopoly and Transportation (Salt and Iron Transshipment Envoy), to be transferred to Deputy Minister of Finance of the State Council (Minister of the Household Department) and Director of National Finance ( Judgment branch). Someone reported to Li Chun that when Xue Jian, the governor of Sizhou (on the north bank of the Huaihe River in Xuyi County, Jiangsu Province), was concurrently the director of water transportation (water transportation envoy) in Daibei (northern Shanxi Province), he got a strange horse, but he did not present it to the emperor.Li Chun approved it and handed it over to the National Finance Director's Office (Duzhi), and the Director's Office sent inspectors to actually understand it.The inspector hadn't returned yet, so Li Chun couldn't wait, so he sent the senior eunuch (rank officer) Liu Taixin to investigate (senior eunuch, refer to the May 801 note).Lu Tan said: "Your Majesty sent government officials there and then sent senior eunuchs again. Doesn't it mean that Your Majesty doesn't trust government officials but only court eunuchs? I ask to be dismissed first!" Li Chun then recalled Liu Taixin , the history books only highlight Lu Tan’s remonstrance, regardless of the completeness of the incident). 8. In May, Yu Gaomo and Dong Xi, the former grain supply directors of the Daying Army of the Central Crusade Army (the grain envoys of the camp), were found to have embezzled thousands of strings of money; Li Chun issued an edict to pardon them from death. Yu Gaomo was exiled to Chunzhou (Yangchun City, Guangdong Province), Dong Xi was exiled to Fengzhou (Fengkai County, Guangdong Province), and when they reached Tanzhou (the capital of Hunan Province, Changsha City, Hunan Province), Li Chun sent eunuchs to catch up and ordered them to suicide.Quan Deyu Shangshu said: "If the crimes of Yu Gaomo and others should be executed, they should be tied to the execution ground and displayed to the public. Who does not fear the law of the country! They must not be punished after they have been pardoned. Kill!" Dong Xi was the son of Dong Jin (Dong Jin, refer to May 769). 9、五月七日，命金吾（卫军第十一、十二军）大将军（正三品）李惟简（李惟岳的老弟，参考七八二年正月）当凤翔战区（总部设凤翔府）司令官。 陇州（陕西省陇县）跟吐蕃王国（首都逻些城）疆界相接，双方互相监视，有时还深入吐蕃国境烧杀抢掠，使得人困马疲，不能休息（陇州属凤翔战区）。李惟简认为边防军将领应当谨慎小心的防守边疆、积蓄财富和粮秣，来防备敌人的攻击，不可为了一点眼前的小利，挑衅敌人，惹是生非，然后向中央报功；于是禁止官兵进入吐蕃边界。一面大量购买耕牛，铸造农业器具，发给没有农具耕田的农民，这样增加耕田数十万亩，又遇上连年丰收，政府与民间的粮食都有剩余，商人纷纷前来购买，运到别的地方出售。 10、李纯命振武战区（总部设单于府）司令官阿跌光进改姓皇家李姓（遂成了李光进）。 11、六月四日，宰相李吉甫上疏说：“自秦王朝到隋王朝，共十三个王朝（李吉甫指秦、西汉、东汉、曹魏、晋、南宋、南齐、南梁、陈、北魏、北齐、北周、隋。这是儒家学派所谓的“正统”，故意抹杀西楚、新、玄汉、东吴、蜀汉和五胡乱华时代林立的小国），而国家官员的数目，没有一个超过我们唐政府。八世纪五〇年代之后，中原（华北地区）现有的军队，可以计算出来的，有八十余万，其他像商人、和尚、道士，不能从事农耕的，占全国人口的十分之五六，正是用十分之三劳动农民的辛苦汗珠，来养活十分之七不事生产的人穿衣吃饭。现在中央和地方官员靠着政府税收而生活的，不下一万人。全国三百余县，很多只有一个县的土地就设一个州，只有一个乡的人口就设一个县，荒芜凋零的情形，举目皆是，请求陛下命有关单位详细拟定清查条例，官员可以裁撤的裁撤，州县可以合并的合并，做官的渠道可以减少的减少。帝国初建时的传统制度，官员一律依照品级领取薪俸，一品官员每月薪俸仅三十串钱，职田供应的粮食也不过一千斛（职分田，参考七二二年正月注）。八世纪五〇年代以来，增加很多特设机构首长（使），俸禄优厚（参考七二九年十月）。八世纪七〇年代时，手握特权的官员每月薪俸高达九千串钱，不管大州小州，州长都是一千串钱。常衮当宰相，才定下最高限额（参考七七七年四月），李泌当宰相，又根据官员工作的繁重或清闲，分别增加（参考七八八年正月），当时认为切合实际，现在自然难以减削。然而有的官位虽存，职务却废；有的官位已经撤销，薪俸却仍照发；繁重和清闲之间，待遇的差异至大。请陛下命有关单位详细考察薪俸及津贴（包括食料、差役、杂用）发放情形，深入研究，定出一个合理数目，奏报陛下。”李纯于是指定御前监督官（给事中）段平仲、立法官（中书舍人）韦贯之、国务院国防部副部长（兵部侍郎）许孟容、国务院财政部副部长（户部侍郎）李绛，共同商议决定。 12、秋季，九月，富平（陕西省富平县）人梁悦为父报仇，诛杀仇人秦杲，前往县政府自首。李纯下诏说：“杀父之仇，根据《礼记》，不共戴天；但依照国家法令，杀人的人必须处死。'礼''法'二事，是君王教化全国人民两大纲锁，却有如此重大的差异，应该广泛讨论，国务院（都省）负责集结专家学者商议，并将商议结果奏报。”国务院国防部图籍司副司长（职方员外郎）韩愈提出意见，认为：“法律缺少有关为父报仇的条文，并不是漏掉，因为这是一个最大的困扰。如果不许报仇，则伤害子女的孝心，违背古帝王的教训；如果准许报仇，则有些人仗恃法律保护，会独断专行，肆意诛杀，没有办法禁止。所以圣人在经典上再三强调，但又通过法律，特别加以限制，用意就是要法官完全依法判决，而学者专家则可以根据经典，提出补救。我建议应该在刑法上增加一条：'凡是为父报仇，事情发生，应呈报国务院（尚书省）讨论奏报，依照实际情形，斟酌处理。'就能兼顾经典和法律的精神。”李纯下令：“打梁悦一百棍，流放循州（广东省惠州市）。” 13、九月二十二日，国务院文官部（吏部）上疏奏报说：中央地方官员共裁减八百零八人，各单位九品以下雇员共裁减一千七百六十九人。 14、黔州（重庆市彭水县）山洪暴发，大水成灾，黔中道（首府黔州）行政长官（观察使）窦群，征发溪洞蛮抢救（溪洞蛮散布黔中道所辖十四个实质州及五十个羁縻州），要求苛刻惨急，于是辰州（湖南省沅陵县）、溆州（湖南省洪江市西北黔城镇）两州州境内蛮夷聚众起兵，窦群出军讨伐，不能平定。 九月二十六日，贬窦群为开州（重庆市开县）州长。 15、冬季，十一月，宫廷军械库弓箭分库长（弓箭库使）宦官刘希光，接受羽林（禁军第一、二军）大将军孙璹贿赂两万串钱，企图推荐孙璹当战区司令官或道政府行政长官。消息泄露，李纯命刘希光自杀。事情牵连左卫（卫军第一军）上将军代理宦官总监（知内侍省事）吐突承璀。 十一月五日，李纯贬吐突承璀当淮南战区（总部设扬州）监军宦官。李纯问李绛道：“我把吐突承璀赶出去，你看怎么样？”李绛说：“人们想不到陛下立刻就能这样果断！”李纯说：“他不过一个家奴罢了，以前因他当差的时间很久，所以对他特别包容，如果犯法，去掉他容易得就像丢掉—根羽毛！” 06、十六宅里的亲王既然全不出宫（初名十王宅、百孙院，九任帝李隆基预防亲王政变，集中居住，直到老死，不出宫担任政府官职，参考七二七年五月），他们的女儿也不能在适婚的年龄出嫁，即令出嫁，也都由宦官做主，很多人只好用贵重财物贿赂宦官，早日许配（皇族女儿不婚或晚婚，在安史之乱后便一直维持。参考七八〇年十一月）。李吉甫上疏说：“自古以来，公主下嫁，一定门当户对，只有近世不同！” 十二月十一日，李纯下诏封恩王（李连）等人的六个女儿当县主，命立法院（中书）、监督院（门下）、皇族事务部（宗正）、国务院文官部（吏部），遴选门第、家世、人品、学识都能相配的青年，给她们完婚。 17、十二月二十八日，命国务院财政部副部长（户部侍郎）李绛当副立法长（中书侍郎）、二级实质宰相。 李吉甫当宰相，对曾经结过怨的人多作报复，李纯也多少得到报告，所以擢升李绛当宰相，对他制衡。李吉甫精于迎合皇帝的意思，而李绛耿直，在皇帝面前，发生过很多次争论，李纯多半认为李绛有理，接受他的意见，因此，李吉甫、李绛之间结下怨恨。 18、闰十二月一日，黔中道上疏奏报说：辰州、溆州二州变民首领张伯靖进攻播州（贵州省遵义市）、费州（贵州省思南县）。 19、太子宫事务署试用礼宾官（试太子通事舍人·正七品下）李涉，知道李纯对吐突承璀的恩宠并没有衰退，于是撰写奏章，投入“铜柜”（武曌创立，参考六八六年三月），奏章上说：“吐突承璀对国家有功，刘希光并没有犯罪。吐突承璀长久以来，是陛下最信任的心腹，不应该遗弃。”铜柜管理官（知匦使）、监督院高级顾问官（谏议大夫）孔戣（音mei）看到奏章的副本，询问他什么意思，拒绝接受。李涉于是贿赂有关人员，前去宫城光顺门呈递。孔戣得到消息，上疏强烈抨击说：“李涉奸邪险恶，企图欺骗天子，请把他押到街市斩首示众。” 闰十二月十八日，李纯贬李涉当峡州（湖北省宜昌市）州政府仓库管理官（司仓）。李涉，是李渤的老哥（李渤，少室山隐士；参考八〇六年九月）。孔戣，是孔巢父的儿子（孔巢父死于李怀光之难，参考七八四年七月十八日）。 20、闰十二月二十一日，太子李宁逝世（谥号惠昭太子，本年十九岁。封太子事，参考八〇九年闰三月）。 21、本年，全国粮食丰收，有些地方每斗米只值两文钱。 1、春季，正月十一日，唐王朝（首都长安）皇帝（十四任宪宗）李纯（本年三十五岁）命首都长安特别市长（京兆尹）元义方当鄜坊道（首府设鄜州）行政长官（观察使）。 最初，元义方谄媚宦官吐突承璀，宰相李吉甫为了钻进攀附吐突承璀的摇尾系统，特别擢升元义方当首都长安特别市长（京兆尹）。另一宰相李绛憎恶元义方邪恶，遂把他赶出京师（首都长安）。元义方进宫向皇帝谢恩，乘势打小报告说：“李绛结党营私，偏袒他的'同年'许季同（进士科考试及格时，同榜的人称“同年”），命他当首都长安特别市副市长（京兆少尹），把我驱逐到鄜坊；李绛专门作威作福，欺骗陛下。”李纯说：“我了解李绛，他不是这样的人。明天，我会亲自问他。”元义方惊惶羞愧，狼狈出宫。第二天，李纯问李绛道：“人对于他的'同年'，会不会先天就有交情？”李绛回答道：“'同年'，不过是来自东南西北的人，偶尔一起考中进士，写在一个榜上，然后互相认识，如此而已，怎么会先天就有交情！陛下不认为我愚昧，命我担任宰相，宰相的职责就是要评估才能，任命官员。如果他真有才干，即令是兄弟子侄，还要任命，何况'同年'！为了避嫌而舍弃人才，乃是明哲保身，不是大公无私。”李纯说：“好极，我就知道你绝不会像元义方说的那样。”于是催促元义方马上赴任。 2、振武战区（总部设单于府）黄河决堤，大水泛滥，东受降城（内蒙古托克托县南）全被淹毁。 3、三月二十八日，李纯登延英殿，宰相李吉甫奏报说：“天下已经太平，陛下应该及时行乐！”李绛说：“刘恒（西汉王朝五任帝文帝）在位期间（前一八〇年至前一五七年），刀剑都是木头做的，没有锋刃，社会富有、家给人足，可是贾谊却认为犹如在堆积的木材下放置火种，不可当做平安（参考前一七四年）！而今，中央政令不能执行的地方，黄河南北，还有五十余州（计平卢十二州、魏博六州、成德六州、卢龙九州、彰义三州，合计三十六州。李绛之数有误）。蛮夷（指吐蕃王国）腥膻的难堪气味，紧逼泾州（甘肃省泾川县）、陇州（陕西省陇县），烽火不断传来，边城一夕数惊。加上水灾旱灾不时发生，国库仓廪都告枯竭。这正是陛下夜以继日辛苦勤劳的时候，怎么能说天下太平，可以及时行乐？”李纯快慰地说：“你的话正合我意！”退朝后，对左右说：“李吉甫只知道拍马屁，讨我的欢心。像李绛，才是真正宰相。” 李纯曾经询问宰相说：“八世纪九〇年代，政治败坏，国家大事混乱，为什么成了那个样子？”李吉甫说：“德宗（十二任帝李适）自以为盖世英明，不相信宰相，却相信宰相以外的人，奸邪之辈就利用这个机会作威作福。政治败坏，国家大事混乱，原因在此。”李纯说：“可是，也不见得全是德宗（十二任帝李适）的过错。我小时候在他老人家左右，看到政治发生重大缺失时，当时宰相从来没有人再三再四、锲而不舍的坚持立场！大家都贪恋官位薪俸，苟且敷衍，今天怎么能把过失全部都推到他老人家头上？你们应用此当做鉴戒，遇到事情有误，就应当坚持你的正确意见，不断向我警告，不要恐惧把我触怒，而不敢说话。” 李吉甫有一次说：“臣属不可以勉强君王接受自己的意见，最好是君王喜悦，臣属平安，岂不两全其美！”李绛说：“臣属应该不畏惧君王的愤怒，而苦口婆心，指出错误。如果闭嘴不言，使君王蒙上恶名，怎么能算忠心！”李纯说：“李绛的话对了！”李吉甫到立法院（中书省），每天睡觉不办事，只是长吁短叹。有时，李绛很久没有规劝，李纯就质问他说：“是我不能包容，还是没有什么可以批评？” 李吉甫又一次奏报皇帝，说：“赏和罚，是领袖手中的两大权柄，一个也不可以废除。陛下登基以来，对人民的恩德十分深厚，只是缺少严刑峻法，所以中外官员全都懈怠，陛下应该采取凌厉的措施，使他们振作！”李纯看着李绛说：“你认为怎么样？”李绛说：“圣哲君王的仁政，崇尚道德教育，不崇尚严刑峻法，为什么不效法姬诵（周王朝二任王成王）、姬钊（周王朝三任王康王）、刘恒（西汉王朝五任帝文帝）、刘启（西汉王朝六任帝景帝），而去效法嬴政（秦王朝一任帝始皇帝）父子？”李纯说：“是的！”十几天后，司空（三公之三）于頔进宫面见皇帝，也建议李纯施行严刑峻法。过了数日，李纯告诉宰相们说：“于頔真是个大奸邪，劝我严刑峻法，你们可知道他什么用意？”大家回答说：“不知道！”李纯说：“他是要我失去民心！”李吉甫霎时面无人色，退朝后整天低着头，不言不笑。 4、夏季，四月二十九日，命国务院国防部军械司长（库部郎中）、皇家文学研究官（翰林学士）崔群当立法院立法官（中书舍人），仍兼皇家文学研究官。李纯嘉许崔群忠贞耿直，命所有皇家文学研究官：“从今以后，凡是奏报皇帝的文件，都要崔群连署签名，才可以呈递。”崔群说：“皇家文学研究官的一举一动，都将成为惯例。如果照陛下所指示的实行，后来万一有马屁精当皇家文学研究院（翰林院）首长，则属下的正直言论，恐怕永不能到达君王面前。”坚决辞让。奏章呈递三次，李纯才收回成命。 5、五月三日，李纯对各宰相说：“你们屡次报告说：淮河、浙江（钱塘江）流域去年（八一一年）不是水灾就是旱灾，可是近来监察官（御史）从那里回来，坚称并没有灾害，到底怎么回事？”李绛回答说：“我考察淮南战区（总部设扬州）、浙西道（首府设润州）、浙东道（首府设越州）所上的奏章，都说境内水旱成灾，人民纷纷逃亡，请求中央定出办法劝阻、安抚，可看出他们唯恐受到责备的心情，怎么会没有灾害而异想天开的硬说有灾害？这些监察官打算作奸犯科，所以先说些悦耳的话给陛下听。请告诉我这些监察官的名字，应该移交法办！”李纯说：“你说得很好，政府全靠人民拥护，听说人民受苦，自当极力拯救，怎么可以再去怀疑？我刚才没有详细考虑，说出不应该说出的话。”命迅速免除灾区人民的田赋捐税。 李纯曾经跟各宰相在延英殿讨论如何治理国家，天色已晚，炎热更甚，李纯大汗淋漓，连衣服都湿透，各宰相恐怕他疲惫，请求退朝。李纯留下他们继续讨论，说：“我回到后宫，只能和宫女、宦官在一起，所以很高兴跟你们谈谈治国纲要，并不觉得疲倦。” 6、六月七日，司徒（三公之二）、二级实质宰相（同平章事）杜佑以太保（三师之三）名义退休。 7、秋季，七月十九日，李纯封遂王李宥（本年十八岁）为太子，改名李恒。 李恒，是郭贵妃生的儿子（贵妃，小老婆群第一级）。小老婆生的儿子澧王李宽，年龄比李恒大；李纯将封李恒的时候，命皇家文学研究官崔群替李宽撰写让位奏章，崔群说：“把自己的东西交给别人，才叫'让'，遂王（李恒）是嫡子，李宽有什么可让的！”李纯才停止（郭贵妃也是小老婆，李恒怎么能叫嫡子？跟李宽一样，都是庶子）。 8、八月十二日，魏博战区（总部设魏州）司令官田季安逝世（本年三十二岁）。 最初，田季安娶洺州（河北省永年县东南旧永年镇）州长元谊的女儿（元谊投奔魏博，参考七九六年正月），生下儿子田怀谏，依惯例充当副司令长官（节度副使）。大营作战司令（牙内兵马使）田兴，是田庭玠的子（田庭玠是田承嗣的堂弟、田季安的堂叔祖；参考七八一年正月），勇敢健壮，又相当喜爱读书，性情谦恭。田季安荒淫暴虐，田兴屡次规劝，将领们对田兴都很依靠。田季安认为田兴收买军心，把他贬出当临清要塞（河北省临西县）指挥官（镇将），打算把他处决，田兴假装得了手足麻木不仁的病，燃烧着的艾草，布满全身，才逃出一死。田季安却真的中风，随意诛杀，军政陷于混乱。正妻元女士召集各将领会议，拥护田怀谏当副司令长官（副大使），主持军事，田怀谏时年十一岁。把田季安抬到别的房间安置，一个多月后逝世。召回田兴当步骑兵总作战司令（步射都知兵马使）。 八月二十五日，中央命左龙武（禁军第三军）大将军（正二品）薛平当义成战区（总部设滑州）司令官，想要借此控制魏博（薛平是昭义战区第一任司令官薛嵩的儿子，参考七七三年正月）。 李纯跟各宰相讨论魏博战区变局，李吉甫建议出军讨伐，李绛则认为用不着出军，魏博一定会回归中央。李吉甫竭力说明非出军不可的理由，李纯说：“我的意思也是如此。”李绛说：“我仔细观察两河（黄河南北）割据局面，最跋扈的军阀，一定把军队分别交给几个将领，不让大权集中一个人手里，恐怕权力集中之后，乘机背叛自己。各将领的官职相同、力量相等，谁也不能强过对方，即令想结成一体，因大家不能同心合力，阴谋一定泄露。如果单独兵变，所掌握的军队太少，力量太小，势必失败。再加上悬赏既重，刑罚又十分残忍，所以各将领互相顾忌，谁都不敢先行发动，大头目军阀自认为这是保持荣华富贵的永久策略。我暗中考虑，如果有一个严厉而又英明的统帅，能控制各将领，大体上当然可以巩固自己的地位。然而，现在田怀谏不过一个乳臭未干的小娃，一切都不能自己做主，军政大权一定会落到某一个人之手，各将领之间失去平衡，就会生出怨恨，互相不服，以前分而统之的办法，恰恰成为今天发生灾祸的原因。田姓家族即令不被屠杀，也会全部成为俘虏，为什么非要中央派兵出征不可！新崛起的首领，本是部将，却突然夺取主帅权柄，邻近所有其他的军阀最禁忌最厌恶的，没有比这更为严重。夺权成功的新首领不倚靠中央的支援，怎么能单独生存？恐怕立刻就会被相邻战区攻击粉碎。所以我认为不必出军，就可以坐等魏博顺服。只希望陛下按兵不动，培养声威，严格命令各战区加强操练人马，等候下一步指示，并且故意让魏博知道中央的措施。用不了几个月，魏博一定发生变化，将有新人出头。到那个时候，中央必须迅速反应，抓住机会，不吝啬爵位俸禄，奖励新人。两河割据军阀得到消息后，恐怕他们的部将贪图赏赐，起而效法，一定大为恐惧，会争着听命中央；这是不必战斗，就使人屈服的谋略。”李纯说：“好极！” 有一天，在延英殿上，李吉甫再一次提出很多理由，说明出军的利益，强调粮食、草