Chapter 27 Chapter 5 Daqin is not dead

After Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, Qin officially became Han.In the past it was the Qin Dynasty, the Qin Dynasty, and the Qin Empire, and now it is the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty, and the Han Empire.Four and a half years (fifty-four months) between the two, untitled. The name was lost by Xiang Yu. Impossible not to lose it.Because of the situation at that time, "Shandong heroes rise and fall to Qin", and the world does not belong to any one family.It's just that Xiang Yu relied on his own strength, and the Overlord stepped forward and presided over their sitting and dividing the spoils.

It's a pity that the Overlord of Chu is not the Son of Heaven, let alone King Huai of Chu.Therefore, the world at this time cannot be called "Chu".Others disagree, and Xiang Yu himself is not willing.He didn't care that King Huai was called "Emperor Chu", that's proof. Everyone has ghosts in their hearts, so they have no choice but to be nondescript.Therefore, a false emperor and a group of mountain kings formed the situation after the fall of Qin Dynasty. As a result, the world is in chaos. How can this mistake be repeated? What's more, Liu Bang was originally different from Xiang Yu.Of course he is the Emperor of Han, and his world is of course the world of Han.However, Liu Bang is different from Ying Zheng.Yingzheng's world is indeed Qin's, and no one can share it with him. Of course, he can abolish feudalism, run prefectures and counties, and establish a unified empire with centralized power.

Can Liu Bang do it too? cannot.Because the world does not belong to his family, nor was it fought by their front army alone.Zhang Ao, King of Zhao, Zang Tu, King of Yan, Han Xin, King of Qi, Han Xin, King of Han (the grandson of King Han Xiang during the Warring States Period, hereinafter referred to as King Han Xin, to distinguish him from the current King Han Xin of Qi), Yingbu, King of Huainan, and Wu Rui, King of Hengshan, have all been called kings for a long time. Or seal the king, Peng Yue who has not been sealed is waiting for the seal, and he can't break the appointment. But the problem is that the county system or the imperial system is the general trend.Anyone who goes against the trend of history is called a reactionary.Reaction will not end well. In fact, Liu Bang also prefers the county system.Back then, the territory of King Zhanghan of Yong, Sima Xin of Sai, Dong Yi of Zhai, Shenyang of Henan, Sima Ang of Yin, and Wei Bao of Wei were all changed to counties by him. Is it going to be changed back now?

At this critical juncture in history, Liu Bang faced a choice. Zhou system, or Qin system? States, or empires? Feudal, or county? The new revolution meets old problems. However, the criteria for judging are also simple, that is, to first consider how to stabilize the world and stabilize people's hearts, and it is best to lay the foundation for long-term stability through institutional arrangements.This is the big question every new regime faces.Zhou Gong Jidan thought about it, Qin Wang Yingzheng also thought about it, and now it's Liu Bang's turn. Liu Bang has little choice.The kingdom that should be feudal must be sealed, and the counties that should be established must be established. It can only be feudal first and then counties, semi-feudal and half counties.

So Liu Bang announced: Zhang Ao, King of Zhao, Zang Tu, King of Yan, and Wang Yingbu, King of Huainan "unchanged"; only Han Wangxin, who has no title and no territory, is still King Han, Du Yangzhai (now Yuzhou City, Henan Province); He became the king of Liang, and his capital was Dingtao; the king of Hengshan, Wu Rui, was the king of Changsha, and his capital was Linxiang (now Changsha City, Hunan Province); Han Xin, the king of Qi, was the king of Chu, and his capital was Xiapi (now Suining County, Jiangsu Province). These seven are all kings with different surnames, and none of them are children of Liu Bang.His subordinates were not crowned kings, only marquises.Hou and Wang are very different.The king is a vassal and enjoys the power to govern the kingdom; the hou is a lieutenant and has only financial power over the feudal area, that is, taxation and corvee with a fixed number of households.Generally, thousands of households, up to tens of thousands, are called Wanhuhou.

Hou's feudal land cannot be compared with Wang's.The king's territory is at least one county, and as many as several counties.Hou, generally at most one county, called County Hou; secondly, one township, called Xianghou; thirdly, one pavilion, called Tinghou.Counties, townships, and pavilions are all administrative units of the county system, and they are all managed by the local government, and the princes cannot manage them. In other words, outside the kingdom, all counties and counties. This is the "semi-feudal system" created by Liu Bang, also known as the "junguo system".It is the same as the "full feudal system" of "the son of heaven and feudal princes, and feudal princes and officials" in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and it is also the result of political struggle and compromise.

So, is the world stable? No. A few months after Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor, King Yan Zang Tu rebelled.Later, except for Changsha King Wu Rui, the other five kings also rebelled, or were said to be rebellious.But the irony is that Zang Tu is the only one who really intends to rebel, and the others are "forced to go to the Liangshan Mountains" or even "rebel under orders." For example Zhang Ao. Zhang Ao is the son of Zhao Wang Zhang Er, the son-in-law of Han Emperor Liu Bang, and the husband of Princess Lu Yuan.He was extremely loyal to his emperor and father-in-law.Liu Bang was very rude to him, and even scolded him.This aroused the dissatisfaction of Zhao Xiangguan and others.They went to see Zhang Ao and encouraged him to rebel.

Zhao Wang Zhang Ao refused to do anything, and was so anxious that his fingers were bleeding. Guangao and others decided to do it themselves and bear all the consequences.In the winter of the eighth year of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bangping rebelled and passed by the state of Zhao, and Guan Gao and the others were planning to commit murder in Bairen (now Longyao County, Hebei Province).But because Liu Bang suddenly changed his itinerary, he failed. As a result of this attempted murder, both Zhang Ao and Guan Gao were arrested.Guan Gao was tortured in prison, and always insisted that Zhao Wang had nothing to do with the case.After Liu Bang found out the truth, he not only released Zhang Ao, but also pardoned Guan Gao.

The person in charge of the investigation obeyed the order and sent the news to the prison. Guan Gao asked: Is my king really released? The visitor said: yes.The emperor respects his step as a man, and also pardons his step. But Guan Gao said: The reason why the minister is still alive is because he is afraid that he will not be able to explain the grievances of King Zhao.Zhao Wang was released from prison, and the responsibility of the minister has been exhausted.As a minister, bearing the name of usurping, how can he have the face to serve the emperor? So Guan Gao committed suicide. Zhang Ao finally narrowly escaped death.But at the same time, he also lost his throne and kingdom.Liu Bang demoted him to Marquis, and Zhao Wang replaced him with Ruyi, the son of Mrs. Qi, whom Liu Bang favored.Of course it is wrong, but it is not the most wrong.

The most wronged is Peng Yue. Peng Yue didn't want to rebel at all, but he refused to join the army because of his illness when Liu Bangyu drove himself to quell the rebellion.It's unclear what Peng Yue was thinking.Maybe, he is really tired.Perhaps, he just wanted to preserve his strength.But this can only be regarded as passive sabotage at best, but was arrested on charges of treason.Moreover, Liu Bang not only killed the three clans of Pengyue, but also chopped him into meat sauce and gave it to the princes. Isn't this insane? seems not.

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Notes: Volume 11, Liu Bang proclaimed himself emperor in February of the fifth year of the Han Dynasty, and Zang Tu rebelled in July.