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Yi Zhongtian Chinese History 10. Three Kingdoms

Yi Zhongtian Chinese History 10. Three Kingdoms

易中天

  • Chinese history

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  • 1970-01-01Published
  • 71616

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Chapter 1 Chapter 1 Yuan Shao Unveiled

After the death of Emperor Han Ling, Luoyang was full of murderous intent. This is the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty.It won't be long before the capital Luoyang will be turned into a sea of ​​flames and ruins, and the unified empire will virtually cease to exist.However, the ruling group is unaware of it.They are busy with internal strife, and use the murderous aura of the city to hasten their demise. It is certainly not the first time that hatred and killings have been carried out between relatives and eunuchs.In fact, counting from the fourth emperor Liu Zhao, almost half of the court history of the Eastern Han Dynasty is a history of struggles between relatives and eunuchs.

This is not surprising.We know that among the thirteen emperors of the Eastern Han Dynasty, ten did not live past the age of forty, and four died without sons.Eleven of the successors were less than twenty years old. Among them, Zhangdi, the oldest, was nineteen years old, Shangdi, the youngest, was only a hundred days old, Chongdi was only two years old, and Zhidi was only eight years old. This leaves two questions.First, the late emperor had no sons, so he could only find heirs among the clan and vassals.Second, the emperor cannot be in charge, so the empress dowager can only rule in the court, and his relatives will rule.This is a tradition left over from the Empress Lu period.

Therefore, during the reign of Emperor Hanhe, Empress Dowager Dou was in power, and Dou Xian was in power; in the time of Emperor Han'an, Empress Dowager Deng was in power, and Deng Zhi was in power; In the dynasty, Liang Ji was in power; in the reign of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, Empress Dou was in power, and Dou Wu was in power; in the time of Emperor Shao, Empress Dowager He was in power, and He Jin was in power. Hehe, the queen mother came to court six times, and her relatives ruled six times. Of course, the emperor was not happy when his relatives came to power.Therefore, these young emperors will seize power after they take charge.Those who can help are eunuchs.For their own benefit, eunuchs would help or even kill relatives on behalf of the emperor.For example, Yan Xian was killed by the eunuch on his own initiative, and Emperor Han Shun had nothing to do with it.

Dou Wu, a relative of Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty, was also killed by eunuch Jiaozhao. Liang Ji was killed by Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, but the whole process was thrilling.As we all know, Liang Ji is a famous domineering general.He and his father Liang Shang served as generals for 24 years and experienced three emperors.Two of the emperors were Liang Ji's brother-in-law, two were established by Liang Ji, and one was killed by Liang Ji. It is not difficult to imagine what kind of life Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty lived. In fact, Emperor Huan's Empress Liang was as domineering as her brother.Whichever woman the emperor likes, the queen will poison her to death.Therefore, after the death of Queen Liang, Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, who was still unable to govern at the age of 28, decided to do it.

The conspiracy was in the toilet. Emperor Huan of the Han called the eunuch Tang Heng into the toilet and asked: "Among you, is there anyone who can't get along with the guy outside?" Tang Heng said the names of four people including Shan Chao. Emperor Huan of Han called Shan Chao again, asking him to find a way to destroy Liang Ji. Shan Chao said: "The method is not difficult, I'm afraid Your Majesty will be suspicious." Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty said: "A treacherous official who threatens the country deserves ten thousand deaths. What doubts can there be?"

So Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty personally went to the palace to command. On the one hand, he asked the minister to order the guards to guard the palace and guard the amulet festival, and on the other hand, he asked the guards to surround Liang's mansion.As a result, Liang Ji and his wife committed suicide, all the Liang family beheaded for public display, and more than 300 former disciples and former officials were dismissed from office. Only then did they take the power back from their relatives. There are two reasons why Emperor Huan eliminated Liang Ji by means of a thunderbolt.First, Liang Ji was too domineering; second, Emperor Huan was in charge of the Han court from the clan, and he had no blood relatives with the queen mother and relatives.Then, is the situation after Lingdi's death also the same?

No, it's different. Speaking of which, Emperor Han Ling was quite clever.He lived to be thirty-four years old, and left behind two sons, Liu Bian and Liu Xie, so what could be wrong? It is no problem for Empress Dowager He to come to court and He Jin to be in power.Because Liu Bian is Empress Dowager He's own son and He Jin's own nephew.What's more, the relationship between Queen Mother He and the eunuch is quite good, and Liu Bian has no intention of eradicating He Jin.So, why did the commotion become bigger and the consequences more serious this time? Because Yuan Shao got involved.

At the beginning of Yuan Shao's character, he was the number two figure in the guard army of Emperor Ling of Han Dynasty.There are eight generals in this army, known as the "Eight Captains of Xiyuan".Among them, No. 2 Yuan Shao, Lieutenant of the Chinese Army; No. 3 Bao Hong, Lieutenant of the Xiajun; No. 4 Cao Cao, Lieutenant of the Dianjun.The No. 1 eunuch Jian Shuo is both a lieutenant and a marshal. Jian Shuo and He Jin have conflicts.Because the heir promised by Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty was not the eldest son Liu Bian, but the second son Liu Xie, who later became Emperor Xian of the Han Dynasty.Before his death, Emperor Ling entrusted this matter to Jian Shuo, and Jian Shuo was also going to fulfill the late emperor's last wish.Unexpectedly, He Jin took the lead and helped Liu Bian to the throne.

He Jin's move is not surprising, because Liu Bian is his sister's son. Jian Shuo was only close to success.His plan at that time was to kill General He Jin first, and then establish Liu Xie.Unfortunately, Jian Shuo did not expect that one of his subordinates was an old friend of He Jin.When He entered the palace, this subordinate came towards him and winked, He Jin turned around and ran away, Jian Shuo's murder failed. Such contradictions are irreconcilable, and there is another traitor on Jian Shuo's side.As a result, He Jin succeeded in murdering Jian Shuo with a counterattack, and took over the Xiyuan Shangjun.

If this matter stops here, the murderous intent may dissipate, life will return to plain, and the Eastern Han Dynasty will continue to linger on.However, Yuan Shao didn't want to finish it. He tried his best to encourage He Jin to kill all the eunuchs.Yuan Shao said, if the general can rid the world of this scourge in one fell swoop, his name will surely go down to future generations. He Jin hesitated. The hesitation is not surprising.This person was originally a pig butcher, and he became a general only by relying on his sister to be a queen. How dare he kill all the eunuchs as pigs?The younger sister, Queen Mother He, also refused to kill the eunuch.Because she once murdered Liu Xie's biological mother, Wang Meiren, she survived by relying on the eunuch's intercession.

So Empress Dowager He said: "The eunuchs command the forbidden provinces in the harem. It is the system of the Han family established by the ancestors. How can it be changed?"What's more, the late emperor has just passed away, and the world is still uncertain, so why must I take a clear stand on the side of the scholar-bureaucrats? The queen mother refused, and He Jin hesitated even more. The result of the hesitation was that the opponent took the first step.Eunuch Zhang Rang and others took advantage of He's opportunity to enter the palace, surrounded him with weapons and scolded him in the gatehouse: Is it our fault that the country is corrupt?The adults keep saying that we are dirty, so may I ask who is loyal and who is clean in the officialdom? After cursing, an eunuch drew out his sword and killed He Jin with one blow. The eunuch who succeeded in the coup immediately drafted an imperial edict and prepared to announce it to the world.When the imperial edict was passed to Shangshutai, the Shangshu on duty was shocked.He asked weakly: Should the general be invited to discuss it together?An eunuch picked up He Jin's head and threw it over: The general is here, you can discuss it with him! The situation was reversed in an instant, and Yuan Shao immediately took action. Yuan Shao is much more ruthless than He Jin.After He Jin was killed, the city of Luoyang was in chaos.He and Yuan's families raised their troops together, and Yuan Shao continued to hunt and kill eunuchs in the capital, cutting off those who didn't grow beards.Many young people had no choice but to take off their trousers to verify their integrity, and those eunuchs who usually did good deeds also died unexpectedly, with more than 2,000 dead. Once the killing ring is started, it is out of control.The serious consequences far exceeded Yuan Shao's imagination.The helpless eunuch Zhang Rang and others hijacked the little emperor Liu Bian and his younger brother Chenliu Wang Liu Xie to flee from Luoyang to the bank of the Yellow River.The emperor of the Han Dynasty stumbled and stumbled in the darkness, and almost became a refugee. Of course, the emperor and the little prince were finally found by the ministers, and Zhang Rang and others also threw themselves into the river.It is said that before Zhang Rang committed suicide, he cried bitterly and said to the little emperor: We will be wiped out, and the world will be in chaos. Take care, Your Majesty! Zhang Rang was right. The little emperor Liu Bian and the Eastern Han Dynasty he represented had only four or five months to live, and the era of eunuchs was temporarily over.For quite a long time, they will not be able to exist as a power group. The group of foreign relatives also died together.They have struggled with the eunuch group for more than 90 years, and ended in failure every time, only this time the fish died and the net was broken.This is a great change in the political situation of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and history will be rewritten from then on. A new era has begun.
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