Chapter 2 2. Jin Rebellion

The root of the disaster was planted by Sima Yan himself. It may be difficult for Emperor Wu of Jin's In-Heaven Spirit to accept this statement, because his original wish was long-term peace and stability.He even regarded the demise of Cao Wei as a lesson from the past, and reformed the system at the beginning of becoming emperor.But alas he was wrong. Where did Sima Yan go wrong? Restore feudalism. The feudal system established in the Western Zhou Dynasty was overthrown by Qin Shihuang.After that, the Qin and Han dynasties implemented the prefecture and county system, and only the early Western Han Dynasty implemented the prefecture and county system in which feudalism coexisted.As a result, kings with different surnames rebelled, and kings with the same surname rebelled.It took nearly a hundred years for the rulers of the empire from Gaozu to Emperor Wu to settle the rivers and lakes and eliminate hidden dangers (please refer to the eighth volume of the history of China, "The Empire of Han Wu").

Thereafter, the empire was no longer feudal. Of course, there are still things about conferring kings and marquises.However, the Han Dynasty only granted the title of Marquis, and the Wei Dynasty only granted the title of King.And even if the title is king, it is a false title. Only Cao Cao's Wei Gong and Wei Wang in the late Eastern Han Dynasty are real titles.What was the outcome?Dai Han became self-reliant. The experience of history is worth noting.Therefore, after Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, all the kings he enshrined were only princes, without king land and princes.In other words, the kings have a state in name, but they have no ruling power or military power.They could not form their own government, command their own armies, or take part in government affairs.

The king of Cao Wei was actually under house arrest in Fengguo. So what?When the Sima family usurped Wei, the kings of the Cao family could not help at all, and Emperor Wei really became a lonely family.Sima Yan believes that this is the experience and lesson of Wei Shi. So he decided to do the opposite. In the year when he became emperor, Sima Yan named twenty-seven members of the royal family as kings, and each kingdom had its own army.Among them, the three armies of the big country have 5,000 soldiers; the second army of the second country has 3,000 soldiers; and the first army of the small country has 1,500 soldiers.The king can not only separate one side, but also enter the court and become the prime minister.

The gentry with different surnames are granted the title of prince, which is also a real title.They not only have feudal states and officials, but also county princes, county marquises, and county marquises as well as armies.In other words, whether the king or the prince, they are all powerful.Sima Yan believes that only by allowing them to master the strength can they take on the responsibility of defending the central government.And, since they both benefited from the empire, they should be held accountable. But what about the actual situation? The Rebellion of the Eight Kings. This was the outbreak of political turmoil and fratricide that lasted for 16 years one year after the death of Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty.The Western Jin Dynasty, which was originally perilous, also became extremely weak in this turmoil, and finally died of the invasion of foreign enemies.However, it was not the kings who detonated the bomb, but a woman.

This woman is called Jananfeng. Jananfeng is the queen of Jin Huidi Sima Zhong, the daughter of Jia Chong and Guo Huai, the best friends of the Sima Group.Jia Chong is insidious and cunning, Guo Huai is jealous and domineering, and Jian Nanfeng is both.It happened that her husband was so loyal that he was almost incompetent or even mentally handicapped, so it was difficult for Empress Jia not to make any noise. It's a pity that Empress Jia's ambition is not so easy to realize. It is Empress Dowager Yang's father Yang Jun who controls the government.Yang Jun's father and daughter were born in the Yang family in Huayin. Their ancestors were Yang Zhen, a famous official in the Eastern Han Dynasty, with a very high family background.Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty Sima Yan married such a famous family just to improve the royal reputation.In his view, as long as the royal family and the gentry work together, they can form two wings to assist the imperial family.

But sorry, he was wrong again.The actual situation is: the royal family and the gentry do not buy into each other, and Empress Jia cleverly used this contradiction.In March of the second year after Emperor Jin Hui succeeded to the throne, she summoned Sima Yan's fifth son, King Sima Wei (read Ruwei), to enter the court, killed Taifu Yang Jun, and abolished Queen Mother Yang. Become Sima Liang, the fourth son of Sima Yi's Runan King. This is of course not Queen Jia's original wish.So, three months later, she ordered Sima Wei, king of Chu who killed Yang Jun, to kill Runan king Sima Liang on the charge of treason, and then to kill Sima Wei on the charge of coercion.Sima Wei killed the gentry and then the royal family, and was killed himself. The representatives of the gentry and the royal family became unjust ghosts, and Empress Jia, who killed people with a knife, took power.

Jananfeng is full of ambition. However, the conspirators and careerists of the Sima family emerged in endlessly.Therefore, nine years later, this woman was also abolished and killed, charged with murdering the prince Sima Yu (read Ruyu).Sima Yu is the son of Emperor Hui Sima Zhong and Xie Shuyuan. Of course, Empress Jia couldn't tolerate him, so he was accused of treason by Luo Zhi and deposed as a commoner.But he was later killed because of the conspiracy of King Sima Lun of Zhao. Zhao Wang Sima Lun is the ninth son of Sima Yi, who was originally a party member of Queen Jia.However, he encouraged Queen Jia to kill the prince, but it was to seize power for himself.Therefore, as soon as the prince died, he raised troops into the palace in the name of revenge and abolished Queen Jia.Later, he simply abolished Emperor Hui of Jin and became the emperor himself.

This time others quit. The first to attack was Sima Yan's nephew, King Sima Jiong of Qi (read like embarrassment).Sima Yan's sixteenth son, Chengdu King Sima Ying, Sima Yan's cousin, Hejian King Sima Yong (pronounced Ruyong's Yangping), Sima Yan's sixth son, Changsha King Sima Ying, raised troops to respond at the same time. Yi (read as meaning).As a result, Sima Lun was defeated and killed, and Emperor Hui of Jin, Sima Zhong, was restored. The political power fell into the hands of Sima Jiong, the king of Qi. Sima Jiong was originally Sima Lun's henchman.Sima Lun abolished Empress Jia, and he was the one who entered the palace to do it.At that time, Sima Jiong led hundreds of troops to drive straight in, and killed Empress Jia's nephew Jia Mi (read Ru Mi) with a single knife in front of the emperor.

Queen Jia asked: What are you doing here? Sima Jiong replied: There is an order to arrest the queen. Queen Jia said: "I issued the imperial edict. Whose imperial edict do you obey?" Sima Jiong didn't answer. Queen Jia asked again: "Who is the one who started the incident?" Sima Jiong replied: King Zhao. Queen Jia said: "The rope was tied to the dog's tail, of course it was the result." Unfortunately, she didn't regret the medicine she could take. Empress Jia's cronies abolished Empress Jia, and Sima Lun's cronies killed Sima Lun. It can be seen that there will be no permanent friends in political struggles, and the Western Jin royal family, which started from conspiracy and killing, is greedy and vicious by nature.Therefore, it is not surprising that Sima Jiong was killed by his accomplice Changsha King Sima Yi shortly after he came to power.

Sima Ai, who killed Sima Jiong, was also punished.The other two former accomplices, Chengdu Wang Sima Ying and Hejian Wang Sima Yong, raised troops at the same time and besieged Luoyang. Sima Ai, who was isolated and helpless, was arrested in the capital.After being caught without a fight, he was sent to the opposing army and killed by Sima Ying's subordinates. It was East China Sea King Sima Yue who arrested Sima Ai. Sima Yue is Sima Yan's cousin and the eighth king in the "Eight Kings Rebellion".The first five (Sima Liang, King of Runan, Sima Wei, King of Chu, Sima Lun, King of Zhao, Sima Jiong, King of Qi, and Sima Ai, King of Changsha) are all dead, and behind them are Sima Ying, King of Chengdu, Sima Yong, King of Hejian, and Sima, King of Donghai. Vietnam War.

The war has been repeated several times.The final result was that Sima Yue won the counterattack and Sima Ying was defeated and killed.After the war, Sima Yong was also murdered, Jin Hui Emperor Sima Zhong was poisoned to death, and Sima Chi succeeded to the throne as Jin Huai Emperor. Five years later, Sima Yue died, Luoyang was captured by foreign enemies, and Emperor Huai of Jin Dynasty Sima Chi was captured.Two years later, Prince Sima Ye proclaimed himself emperor in Chang'an, and he was named Emperor Jin Min.Three years later, Emperor Min of Jin surrendered to the invading foreign enemies, and the Western Jin Dynasty fell. It was fifty-one years from the usurpation of Wei by Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of Jin, to the demise of the Western Jin.From the rebellion of the Eight Kings to the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty, twenty-five years.It took ten years from the end of the Eight Kings Rebellion to the fall of the Western Jin Dynasty.It can be seen that the Western Jin Dynasty actually died of internal strife, and the invasion of foreign enemies was just a push. This is Sima Yan's retribution. It was a regime established by the Huns that captured Luoyang and Chang'an, thus announcing the demise of the Western Jin Dynasty.Since then, the northern part of China has become dominated by ethnic minorities, and the Jin royal family is on the left side of the Anjiang River, which is called the Eastern Jin Dynasty. The era of the Five Hu and Sixteen Kingdoms has begun.