Chapter 26 Appendix Chronology of events in this volume

In 581 (the first year of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty), Emperor Jing of the Northern Zhou Dynasty gave way to King Yang Jian of the Sui Dynasty, and the Northern Zhou Dynasty died.Yang Jian proclaimed himself emperor, he was Emperor Wen, and his country was named Sui.Yang Jian made his eldest son Yang Yong the crown prince, and made his second son Yang Guang the king of Jin. He was the director of Bingzhou. He was thirteen years old. In 582 (the second year of Emperor Kaihuang), Emperor Chen Xuan of the Southern Dynasty died, and his son Chen Shubao succeeded to the throne. In 583 (the third year of Emperor Kaihuang), the Jiupin Zhongzheng system was abolished, and the East and West Turks split.

In 584 (the fourth year of Emperor Kaihuang), the Guangtong Canal was dug to divert the Wei River to Tongguan. In 588 (the eighth year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign), the Sui army defeated Chen and took Yang Guang as the marshal of the army. In 589 (the ninth year of Kaihuang), Chen died, and Sui unified China. In 591 (the eleventh year of Kaihuang), Tuyuhun became a minister. In 592 (the twelfth year of Kaihuang), Empress Tuigu of Japan succeeded to the throne. In 600 (the 20th year of Emperor Kaihuang), Prince Yang Yong was abolished and Yang Guang was established. In 603 (the third year of Renshou), the Western Turks had all the land of the Eastern Turks.

On July 13th in 604 (the fourth year of Renshou), Yang Jian, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, died in Renshou Palace at the age of 64 and reigned for 24 years.On the 21st, Crown Prince Yang Guang succeeded to the throne as Emperor Sui Yang.It is the day to kill the old prince Yang Yong.On October 16, Emperor Wen was buried.On November 3, I personally went to Luoyang to survey the terrain and decided Luoyang as the eastern capital.On November 20, Chen Shubao died, and his posthumous posthumous title was Yang. In 605 (the first year of Emperor Yangdi's great cause in Sui Dynasty), the Ji Canal was opened, leading the river into Bian and Bian into Si, so as to reach Yuhuai.Open Hangou into the river.In August, Emperor Yang of Sui went to Jiangdu.

In 607 (the third year of the great cause), Japanese ambassador Ono Meizi came to China. In 608 (the fourth year of Daye), in the first month, the Yongji Canal was opened, and Jianhe was built in the south, and connected to Zhuojun (now Beijing) in the north. In 610 (the sixth year of the great cause), in March, Emperor Yang of Sui went to Jiangdu again.In December, the Jiangnan River was opened, from Jingkou (now Zhenjiang City) to Yuhang (now Hangzhou City). In 612 (the eighth year of Daye), Liaodong was conquered for the first time. In 613 (the ninth year of the great cause), Liaodong was conquered for the second time.

In 616 (the twelfth year of the great cause), Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty came to Jiangdu for the third time, and at the same time appointed Li Yuan to stay in Taiyuan. In May of 617 (the thirteenth year of Daye), Li Yuan raised troops in Taiyuan.In November, conquered Chang'an, made Yang You the emperor, and respected Yang Guang as the Supreme Emperor. In March of 618 (the first year of Tang Gaozu Wude), Emperor Sui Yang was killed in Jiangdu at the age of 50 and reigned for 15 years.In May, Li Yuan proclaimed himself emperor in Chang'an, the country was named Tang, and the Tang Dynasty was established.

In the first month of 619 (the second year of Wude), the law of fixed rent and adjustment was adopted. In 621 (the fourth year of Wude), Li Shimin fought in Luoyang, captured Dou Jiande alive, forced Wang Shichong to surrender, and held an entry ceremony in Chang'an in June. In 622 (the fifth year of Wude), Muhammad founded Islam in Mecca. In June of 626 (the ninth year of Wude), the Xuanwumen Incident occurred. In 629 (the third year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan period), Xuanzang went to India to learn Buddhist scriptures. In 630 (the fourth year of Zhenguan), the Tang Dynasty broke through the Eastern Turks, and Tang Taizong was honored as Tian Khan by the chiefs of various ethnic groups.Muhammad established the Arab Empire, which the Chinese call Dashi.

In 632 (the sixth year of Zhenguan), Muhammad died. In 635 (the ninth year of Zhenguan), the Tang army captured the capital of Tuyuhun, and Tuyuhun became a puppet state under the control of the Tang Dynasty.Nestorianism was introduced into China.The Arab Legion captured Damascus in the Eastern Roman Empire. In 637 (the eleventh year of Zhenguan) or 638 (the twelfth year of Zhenguan), Tubo defeated Tuyuhun. In 639 (the thirteenth year of Zhenguan), Tang Taizong sent troops to the Western Regions to conquer Gaochang. In 640 (the fourteenth year of Zhenguan), Qu Wentai, king of Gaochang, died, and Zi Zhisheng succeeded to the throne, but was defeated by Tang.In the Tang Dynasty, Anxi Dufu was established in the ancient city of Jiaohe.

In 641 (the fifteenth year of Zhenguan), Princess Wencheng entered Tibet. In 644 (the eighteenth year of Zhenguan), the Tang Dynasty destroyed the Yanqi State. In 645 (the nineteenth year of Zhenguan), Xuanzang returned to Chang'an. In 648 (the 22nd year of Zhenguan), the Tang Dynasty destroyed the country of Kucha. In 649 (the 23rd year of Zhenguan), Tang Taizong Li Shimin died at the age of 51 and reigned for 24 years. In 651 (the second year of Emperor Gaozong Yonghui in Tang Dynasty), the Arab Legion destroyed the Persian Sasanian Dynasty, the Arab Empire sent envoys to Chang'an, and Islam began to spread to China.

In 657 (the second year of Xianqing), the Tang army defeated the Western Turks. In 660 (the fifth year of Xianqing), Tang Gaozong retired from illness and Wu Zetian came to power.Silla united with the Tang Dynasty to destroy Baekje. In 668 (the third year of Qianfeng and the first year of Zongzhang), the Tang Dynasty destroyed Goguryeo and set up the Andong Protectorate in Pyongyang to rule it. In 670 (the first year of Xianheng), Tubo aggressively attacked the Tang Dynasty, and the four towns of Anxi were abolished. In 672 (the third year of Xianheng), Tubo attacked Tuyuhun again, and Tuyuhun died.

In 679 (the first year of Diaolu), Annan Dufu was established in Songping (Hanoi, Vietnam). In 690 (the first year of Wu Zetian's conferment), Wu Zetian proclaimed himself emperor, and the country was named Zhou. In 705 (the first year of Tang Zhongzong Shenlong), Wu Zetian died, and the Tang Dynasty was restored. In 713 (the first year of Kaiyuan of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty), King Bohai founded the country. In 742 (the first year of Tianbao), the Western Turks were completely destroyed. In 755 (the fourteenth year of Tianbao), the Anshi Rebellion broke out. In October of 763 (the first year of Zong Guangde in the Tang Dynasty), Tubo occupied Chang'an, and its national power was at its peak.

In 783 (the fourth year of Tang Dezong's founding of middle school), Tang and Tibetans signed an alliance in Qingshui. In 788 (the fourth year of Zhenyuan), Huihe wrote the Tang Dynasty and announced that it was renamed Uighur.Thereafter, from the eleventh year of Zhenyuan of Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty to the sixteenth year of Yuanhe of Emperor Xianzong of Tang Dynasty (795-821) was the heyday of the Uighur Khanate. In 821 and 822 (the first year and second year of Changqing of Emperor Muzong of Tang Dynasty), Tang and Tibetans signed alliances in Chang'an and Lhasa. In 840 (the fifth year of Tang Wenzong's founding), the Uighur Khanate perished.