Chapter 37 Close comrades and comrades - Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung (4)

Close comrades and comrades.Deng Xiaoping said to Kim Il Sung: "We understand each other the deepest." May 22, 1987.Early in the morning, a moderate rain made the air in Beijing much fresher.The Diaoyutai State Guesthouse after the rain, the flowers are more brilliant and the vegetation is greener. Red lanterns hung high in the corridors of the hotel with blue tiles and white walls.There is a spruce on the left side of the building, which was planted by Kim Il Sung himself during his visit to China in 1959. Now it is almost 30 years old, and the small tree at that time has grown into a big tree.

When Kim Il Sung's special car stopped at the gate, Deng Xiaoping happily went forward, and the leaders of the two socialist countries held hands of friendship tightly again. "You are very welcome!" The two happily hugged each other warmly. Kim Il Sung said to Deng Xiaoping with a smile on his face: "You are as healthy as you were two years ago, and we are all very happy." "We are all happy to see you in such good health," Deng Xiaoping said. During the talks, Deng Xiaoping said: "Both of us have a problem of reunification. The key to solving the problem of your relations with South Korea, or us solving the Taiwan problem is that we need to develop ourselves and do things well. One day , to reflect that our social system is indeed superior to theirs, our economic development speed must exceed their economic development speed. The current general situation in the world shows that various disputes cannot be resolved by military force. The general situation in the world No one wants to start a war, and it seems that the Third World War can be avoided in a relatively long period of time. Our socialist countries must see this problem clearly, use this opportunity, and use all forces to improve the economy."

On May 24, Deng Xiaoping held talks with Kim Il Sung again.When they were saying goodbye, when they talked about international issues, Deng Xiaoping said: "Now international issues are more complicated, and we need to use more methods and methods to deal with international issues, and to observe and answer questions from a broader perspective." Deng Xiaoping believes that However, real problems are very complex and ever-changing. Each country and each country's party can only deal with the problem according to its own situation, and it is impossible to insist on unanimity.Deng Xiaoping said: "Now that we are promoting openness, our understanding of issues must also be open. We must invigorate the economy and invigorate politics."

When talking about the issue of opening up, Deng Xiaoping aimed at Shenzhen's high-tech products entering the international market, and felt that this was a real success of the opening policy. Shenzhen's experience in transforming a small fishing village into a modern city in six or seven years is valuable and needs to be developed. Well summed up.At the same time, Deng Xiaoping also pointed out what he was worried about—"the real problem now is the agricultural problem".He pointed out deeply: "It is very likely that throughout the 1990s we were going well in other aspects, but agriculture was not going well. We are studying to solve this problem."

After the meeting, Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il-sung walked and chatted cordially, and came to Yangyuanzhai, where the flowing water was flowing and the shade was full of greenery.Deng Xiaoping hosted a banquet here in honor of Kim Il Sung and his party. When saying goodbye, Deng Xiaoping said to Kim Il Sung: "The mutual understanding between us is the deepest." Kim Il Sung said: "Yes, our understanding is the deepest." The last time Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung met was in November 1989.At the invitation of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Kim Il Sung paid an unofficial visit to my country from November 5th to 7th of this year.

When Kim Il Sung's special train arrived in Beijing, the 85-year-old Deng Xiaoping went to the station to greet him in person. Kim Il Sung was very moved. He stepped forward and hugged Deng Xiaoping tightly as soon as he got off the train.Previously, Deng Xiaoping had sent a letter to the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee on September 4, proposing to resign from the last post of chairman of the Party and the State Military Commission in order to reform the leadership system of the Party and the country and abolish the tenure system for leadership positions. On November 6, Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung held cordial talks.

Deng Xiaoping said to Kim Il Sung: "We are exchanges between friends, so the general etiquette can be simplified." "Yes, simply." Kim Il Sung replied. "Our relationship is indeed unusual," Deng Xiaoping said. "Except for some important heads of state who came to China this year, I came out to meet and meet, and the others generally disappeared. I didn't attend banquets, I didn't go to the airport, and I didn't often talk in person. .” Deng Xiaoping told Kim Il Sung: "We have started the Central Committee Plenary Session today, and there are two agendas, one of which is to approve my request to retire. I have worked on this matter for many years, and this time it was included in the agenda. It has been approved by the Politburo and Comrades on the Standing Committee of the Politburo agree that there is still some work to be done in the Central Committee. I have raised this issue at least seven or eight times, and each time everyone disagrees. It is not to enter the Central Committee, but to retain the position of chairman of the Central Military Commission. Now is the time for me to retire. It is the best time for me to retire at this time."

Deng Xiaoping also introduced the new third-generation leadership to Kim Il Sung.He said: "Comrade Jiang Zemin is the leader of the third-generation collective leadership, with him at the core." He also said: "Comrade Jiang Zemin has a relatively wide range of knowledge, and has been an important cadre in localities and departments for many years. During the past four months, the central It's a good job. He's solid and democratic." Deng Xiaoping also emphasized: "To sum up historical experience, it is very important to adhere to the four basic principles, especially to adhere to socialism and the leadership of the party. We must not relax, otherwise, we must collapse."

Kim Il Sung expressed firm support for Deng Xiaoping's views.Deng Xiaoping also expressed firm support for the struggles of the Workers' Party of Korea, the government and the Korean people to strive for the independent and peaceful reunification of the motherland and ease the situation on the Korean Peninsula. Five years later, on July 8, 1994, Kim Il Sung passed away.When the sad news came, the 90-year-old Deng Xiaoping was deeply saddened, and immediately sent a message of condolence to his old friend in this socialist country, expressing his deep condolences: Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea:

I was shocked to learn that Chairman Kim Il Sung passed away unfortunately, and I feel deeply saddened. Comrade Kim Il Sung's life was a life dedicated to the liberation of the Korean nation and the happiness of the people, and also a life of struggle for the creation and development of China-DPRK friendship.Comrade Kim Il Sung's death deprived the Korean people of a great leader, and also deprived me of a close comrade-in-arms and comrade. I would like to extend my deepest condolences to the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea, to the Government and the entire people of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

Deng Xiaoping July 9, 1994 in Beijing The great friendship between Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung has written a new chapter in the friendship between the Chinese and North Korean peoples, and it will be recorded in the annals of friendship between China and North Korea together with their great names! The fourth part is the earliest Americans who dealt with Deng Xiaoping——Deng Xiaoping and Carlson (1) The first Americans who dealt with Deng Xiaoping ——Deng Xiaoping and Carlson Do you know who was the first to write an article introducing Deng Xiaoping overseas? Do you know what Deng Xiaoping's first impression was on this man? The man's name was Evans F. Carlson. Born in the family of a Congregational priest in 1896, he dropped out of school early and joined the army at the age of 16. He served as the guard of President Roosevelt's apartment in Hot Springs, Georgia. When he came to China for the first time in 1927, he quickly fell in love with China.From his first visit to Shanghai in February 1927 to his return to China in September 1929, Carlson "began to embark on a politically minded path" and in June 1929 served as a staff member of the U.S. Navy Admiral Brisdorf. Attended the funeral of Mr. Sun Yat-sen. In Beijing from 1933 to 1935, he was the editor of "News of Legation Guards", and then returned to China. In July 1937, Carlson came to China for the third time as an intelligence officer of the US Navy.At this time, the Marco Polo Bridge Incident broke out. Mao Zedong sent a guard with a lantern to lead Liu Baiyu to his apartment at the foot of Phoenix Mountain, and said to Liu Baiyu: "Now an American named Carlson is going to the guerrilla zone in North China. You organize several people to accompany him." On July 7, 1937, a gunshot at the Marco Polo Bridge shocked China and the world, and opened the prelude to the Chinese nation's all-out war of resistance. On August 25, Chairman Mao Zedong, Vice Chairman Zhou Enlai, and Zhu De of the Revolutionary Military Commission of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued an order announcing that the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army would be reorganized into the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, and that the former enemy general headquarters of the Red Army would be changed to the Eighth Route Army general headquarters, with Zhu De as the general commander. Commander, Peng Dehuai as deputy commander in chief, Ye Jianying as chief of staff, and Zuo Quan as deputy chief of staff.The General Political Department of the Red Army was changed to the Political Department of the Eighth Route Army, with Ren Bishi as the director and Deng Xiaoping as the deputy director. On September 6, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De led the Eighth Route Army Headquarters to set off from Yunyang Town. Deng Xiaoping, Ren Bishi, Zuo Quan and others traveled with him, passed through Pucheng, Chengcheng, and Quanyang in Shaanxi Province, and crossed the Yellow River in Zhichuan Town, Hancheng. When the Eighth Route Army headquarters passed through Taiyuan, Zhou Enlai approached Deng Xiaoping and asked him to serve as the Eighth Route Army representative of the newly established "National Revolutionary War Field General Mobilization Committee" in the Second Theater to mobilize the masses to carry out guerrilla warfare.After Deng Xiaoping was ordered, he led Fu Zhong, Lu Dingyi, Huang Zhen and others to march towards Fenyang and Xiaoyi in southwest Shanxi immediately.Soon, Taiyuan fell, and the Kuomintang Central Army and other local troops retreated from Taiyuan one after another.At this moment, under the leadership of Deng Xiaoping, an Eighth Route Army wearing armbands with white letters on a blue background and a team of cadres from the "Field General Assembly" wearing red "Field Mobilization" armbands were still marching on the road in the southwest of Taiyuan.Subsequently, the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China appointed Deng Xiaoping as the political commissar of the 129th Division of the Eighth Route Army, and together with the division commander Liu Bocheng led this powerful force to gallop on the anti-Japanese battlefield. In December of this year, Carlson and the famous reporter Edgar Snow witnessed the tragedy and tragedy of the Songhu War of Resistance in Shanghai.He also learned from Snow about the heroic deeds of the army under the leadership of the Communist Party in the war of resistance. He was very eager to see the Communist Party Mao Zedong and his army in person like Snow wrote "Red Star Shines on China". The brave Marine Corps officer said to Snow: "In Nicaragua, I spent two years chasing the guerrillas led by Sandinista everywhere, so I did not underestimate the fact that in a country as vast as China Possibility of guerrilla warfare, but the key is to have good leadership and high morale. I personally have not seen Chinese people like Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and Peng Dehuai generals you mentioned so far. They may be different ...if they are truly morale and discipline, if their leaders are as resourceful as you say they are, if ... if ... then there is reason to believe that China's future may be theirs." "Then why don't you go and see for yourself?" Snow said. Carlson narrowed his blue eyes, touched his high nose, and grinned, "I thought about that too. But what will they do to me if I show up at Judd's headquarters?" ? Will you take me as a spy for the old imperialism?" Snow said, "I don't think so." According to Epstein in the article "Reminiscing Evans F. Carlson": "In December 1937, a tall, thin American man with calm, deep-set eyes, wearing a sheepskin-lined leather jacket, With a canvas bag on my back, I walked into my Associated Press office in Wuhan, a city in the Yangtze River Basin... The person who came introduced himself: Captain Carlson of the U.S. Marine Corps, Assistant Naval Attaché of the U.S. Embassy in China. He brought a letter from my friend Edgar Snow, introducing him as an officer with fair thinking and strong demands for resistance to Japan. He wanted to see for himself the struggle of the Eighth Route Army led by the Communist Party. Snow asked me , whether it can help Carlson find the Wuhan Eighth Route Army Office. Snow also wrote a letter of introduction to the Wuhan Eighth Route Army Office. I took him to meet Ye Jianying and Dong Biwu. After they contacted Yan’an, they quickly arranged for him to go to Travel to guerrilla bases behind enemy lines." Regarding this trip, Liu Baiyu recalled in the article "A Noble American——Evans F. Carlson": "It was 1938, on a cold May night in Yan'an, Comrade Mao Zedong sent a The guard took me to his apartment at the foot of Phoenix Mountain with a lantern and said to me, "Don't you want to go to the enemy's rear? Now there is an American named Carlson who is going to the guerrilla zone in North China. You organize a few people to accompany him. ,...Therefore, Ouyang Shanzun, Wang Yang, Jin Zhaoye, Lin Shan and me, whom Carlson called five 'boys', have formed a relationship with Carlson, a veteran of the US Marine Corps military observer. An indissoluble bond.” Half a century later, in 1988, recalling the first meeting with Carlson, Liu Baiyu, who was the team leader at the time, was still clearly moved: “How did this simple and intelligent American use I looked at us strangers with doubts and asked, "Can you walk 30 kilometers a day?" In the torrential rain, we broke through three Japanese blockades, and we depended on each other for life and death, and a deep combat friendship was intertwined between a few Chinese and an American."