Chapter 34 Close comrades and comrades - Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung (1)

Kim Il Sung's name was very famous in China in the 20th century. In the "Mao Zedong Era", his close relationship with the Chinese Communists was that of comrades-in-arms and brothers.And Kim Il Sung has deep feelings for China and the Chinese people. In 1925, Kim Il Sung came to Northeast China and studied in Fusong No. 1 Primary School.During his studies, he began to devote himself to the revolutionary activities in China and joined the Communist Youth League. In October 1926, he organized and established the "Alliance to Overthrow Imperialism" in Huadian County with the purpose of "overthrowing Japanese imperialism and realizing Korean independence", becoming the earliest communist revolutionary organization in North Korea.Under the leadership of Kim Il Sung, this alliance organization, based in Northeast China, began activities to spread Marxism-Leninism and train a new generation of communist revolutionaries. In 1929, Kim Il Sung was arrested and imprisoned in Jilin Prison. After he was released in 1930, he continued to organize revolutionary activities and founded a revolutionary army in Yitong County, Jilin to carry out anti-Japanese guerrilla struggle. In 1934, Kim Il Sung merged and reorganized the scattered anti-Japanese guerrillas into the Korean People's Revolutionary Army, and truly engaged in anti-Japanese armed struggles in northeast China and the northern border areas of North Korea. In May 1936, Kim Il Sung established the "Recovery of the Motherland" and served as its chairman.This anti-Japanese national united front organization played an active role in supporting the Korean People's Revolutionary Army and expanding and developing the anti-Japanese armed struggle. After the beginning of China's all-out war of resistance in 1937, he led the Korean People's Revolutionary Army to fight against the Japanese invaders in Northeast China, and strongly supported the Chinese people's struggle against Japan.

After the liberation of Korea in August 1945, Kim Il Sung returned home and served as the responsible secretary of the Central Organization Committee of the Communist Party of North Korea at the end of the year. In September 1948, Kim Il Sung served as Prime Minister of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.After the merger of the South and North Korean Workers' Parties in 1949, he was elected chairman of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea. After the outbreak of the Korean Civil War in 1950, Kim Il Sung served as the chairman of the Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea and the supreme commander of the Korean People's Revolutionary Army.

Because of their common beliefs and causes, Kim Il Sung forged the deepest friendship with Chinese revolutionaries of the older generation such as Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai.Especially in October 1950, in the face of the arrogance of US imperialism invading North Korea, the Chinese people launched the "Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea" movement under extremely difficult circumstances. He fought the great battle of defending the country, defeated the aggression of US imperialism together with the Korean people, and wrote a glorious chapter in the friendship between China and North Korea.

Mao Zedong firmly introduced Deng Xiaoping to Kim Il Sung: "We want him! If you have anything to do in the future, you can talk to Xiaoping." The first official meeting between Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung was in April 1975, when Kim Il Sung was invited to visit China.This was just after Deng Xiaoping was wrongly overthrown and exiled in Jiangxi during the "Cultural Revolution".Three months ago, Mao Zedong nominated Deng Xiaoping as vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee, vice premier of the State Council, vice chairman of the Central Military Commission, and chief of staff of the Chinese People's Liberation Army to preside over the daily work of the party and the government.

On April 18, 1975, the Beijing Railway Station was decorated with lanterns and festoons, and the red flag was flying.Every time Kim Il Sung visits, he takes the train through Dandong and then directly to Beijing. Amidst the loud sound of gongs and drums and the cheers of "Welcome, welcome! Warmly welcome", Kim Il Sung's special train slowly entered Beijing Station.Out of respect, Deng Xiaoping boarded the special train in person, extended cordial greetings to Chairman Kim Il Sung, and walked off the train with Chairman Kim Il Sung to meet the singing and dancing welcome crowd.Then, Deng Xiaoping held a grand welcoming ceremony on the platform, and the band played the national anthems of Korea and China.

At 5 o'clock in the afternoon, Deng Xiaoping accompanied Kim Il Sung to meet with Mao Zedong in the swimming pool study in Zhongnanhai. As soon as he walked into the study, Mao Zedong tightly held Kim Il-sung's hand and said, "I went back to Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, and Zhejiang and lived there for almost a year. Because you want to come, I came back to meet again." Kim Il Sung smiled and said gratefully: "Thank you, thank you Chairman." After sitting down, Mao Zedong said: "I'm eighty-two this year, and I'm about to die. It's up to you." Three times in a year."

Kim Il Sung nodded and said, "Vice Chairman Deng Xiaoping talked about this." Mao Zedong went on to say: "My legs are bad, I can't speak well, and my eyes have cataracts. How are you?" "Very good! I haven't seen the chairman for several years!" Kim Il Sung replied. "Welcome!" Mao Zedong said "Welcome" in English, and added, "I can't pronounce well and speak a foreign language. Now I won't talk about politics, let him talk to you." While talking, Mao Zedong pointed to Deng Xiaoping and said to Kim Il Sung, "His name is Deng Xiaoping."

"We have known each other for a long time. He has done a lot of work and is an old friend and comrade." Kim Il Sung replied. Mao Zedong pointed to Deng Xiaoping again and said, "He knows how to fight." "Not only can we fight wars, but we can also do political work and carry out ideological struggles." Kim Il Sung immediately added to Mao Zedong's words. "I will also oppose revisionism." Mao Zedong also added.He has never forgotten Deng Xiaoping's verbal confrontation with Khrushchev in the Sino-Soviet debate, which happened in 1963.Mao Zedong may still remember that he once said to Khrushchev: "See that little man? He is extremely intelligent and has a great future." When Deng Xiaoping returned to Beijing from Moscow on July 21, Mao Zedong personally met with Zhou Enlai, Liu Shaoqi, Zhu De, Dong Biwu and other senior central leaders and thousands of people held a welcoming ceremony of the highest standard to welcome Deng Xiaoping back to China, which is rare in Chinese history.

Kim Il Sung knew about this Sino-Soviet debate, so he seemed to have a lot of emotion when talking about it.He sighed and said, "Yes, we know him very well. I haven't seen Vice Chairman Deng Xiaoping for 10 years." "The Red Guards punished him, and he is fine now. He was knocked down for several years at that time, and now he has risen again." Mao Zedong said. "That's good, we welcome it," Kim Il Sung said. "We want him!" Mao Zedong said in a very firm tone, "If you have anything to do in the future, you can talk to Xiaoping." Mao Zedong affectionately called Deng Xiaoping "Xiaoping". There is no doubt that Mao Zedong valued Deng Xiaoping's ability very much.Speaking of this, Mao Zedong said to Kim Il Sung: "Go and talk, I won't talk."

In this way, Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung started their first formal talks.There were three rounds of talks successively. The first round of talks was held at 9:30 am on April 19 in the reception hall of the South Gate of the Great Hall of the People.The meeting discussed the relationship between the two parties and the two countries and the issue of North Korea's reunification.At 9:45 a.m. the next day, Deng Xiaoping and Kim Il Sung held a second round of talks, exchanging views on the general international situation, Sino-US relations, Sino-Japanese relations, the situation in South Asia, and southern Africa. At 3:35 p.m., Deng Xiaoping held separate talks with Chairman Kim Il Sung in Building 18 of the Diaoyutai State Guesthouse. At 10:30 am on April 25, Deng Xiaoping and Chairman Kim Il Sung held the third round of formal talks.

After the talks, the two sides publicly issued the "Joint Communiqué between the People's Republic of China and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea."Kim Il Sung spoke highly of the publication of the "Joint Communiqué", saying: "This is an epoch-making turning point in the history of Sino-North Korean relations, showing that the friendship and unity between the governments and peoples of the two countries have developed to a new and higher level. stage." During Kim Il Sung's 9-day visit, Deng Xiaoping also accompanied Kim Il Sung to visit factories, people's communes and scenic spots in Beijing, Nanjing and other places.In Nanjing, Deng Xiaoping accompanied Kim Il Sung to visit the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, the Nanjing Radio Factory, and the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum.Seeing the gratifying achievements in China's socialist construction, Kim Il Sung happily said to Deng Xiaoping: "We regard your achievements as our own." Kim Il Sung suddenly fell ill shortly after returning from his visit to China.After Deng Xiaoping knew about it, he was very concerned, so he sent the best doctor in China to North Korea to treat Kim Il Sung.Kim Il Sung was very moved by this.When Kim Il Sung visited China many years later, he thanked Deng Xiaoping face to face for this matter. In the following year, people in the capital mourned Premier Zhou Enlai and opposed the "Gang of Four" in Tiananmen Square starting from the end of March. Due to the suppression of the "Gang of Four", they took a protest action on April 4. On April 5, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee and Mao Zedong mistakenly judged the protest as a "counter-revolutionary incident." Deng Xiaoping was dismissed from all positions inside and outside the party, and once again disappeared from the Chinese political arena until his third reappearance a year later. .