Chapter 5 Beethoven-2

He had a tough childhood, and he didn't enjoy the warmth of family like Mozart.From the very beginning, being born to him appeared to be a tragic and brutal struggle.His father wanted to develop his musical talent and show him off as a child prodigy.At the age of four, he was nailed to a dulcimer all day long, or shut up at home with a violin, and was almost crushed to death by the heavy work. A The dulcimer is a keyboard instrument before the piano, and its form and organization are roughly the same as those of the piano.He was lucky not to be forever loathed by the art.Father had to use violence to force Beethoven to study.He had to worry about financial problems in his youth, and it was a premature task to figure out how to earn his daily bread.At the age of eleven, he joined the theater orchestra; at the age of thirteen, he played the organist.In 1787 he lost his beloved mother. "She was so kind to me, so lovable, my best friend! Oh! who is happier than I when I can say my mother's sweet name and she can hear it?" See above at 178 September 15, 1999, Beethoven's letter to Dr. Shard in Augsburg.She died of tuberculosis; Beethoven thought he had the same disease;He said in 1816: "What a poor man who doesn't know death! I knew it when I was fifteen." At seventeen, he became the head of the family and was responsible for the education of his two brothers. He had to ask his father to retire ashamedly, because he was too drunk to be in charge of the house: people were afraid that he would waste it, and gave the pension to his son for collection.These sad facts left deep scars on his heart.He found a loving support in a family in Bonn, the Breunings, whom he cherished throughout his life.The lovely Eleonore ter Breuning was two years his junior.He taught her music and led her on the path of poetry.She was his childhood companion; perhaps there had been rather tender feelings between them.Later Eleonore married Dr. Wegler, who also became one of Beethoven's confidants; until the end, they maintained a quiet friendship, which was from Wegler, Eleonore and Beethoven. Finn each other's letters can be seen.When the three of them reach their old age, the love is particularly touching, but the youth of the heart remains the same as before.For their letters, readers can refer to this book "Letter Collection".His teacher GG. ．Neff (. GG Neefe, 1748-1798) was also his best friend and mentor: his moral nobility and artistic broad-mindedness left an extremely important influence on Beethoven.

Miserable as his childhood was, Beethoven always retained a tender and desolate memory of the time and the places where it was spent.Having been obliged to leave Bonn, and having lived almost all his life in the frivolous capital of Vienna and its dismal environs, he never forgot his homeland on the Rhine, the majestic fatherly river, "our father Rhine," as he called it; indeed, It is so vivid, almost human, like a huge soul, through which flow countless thoughts and forces; and there is no place in the Rhine valley that is more beautiful, more majestic, more tender than delicate Bonn. Now, its Banpo covered with dense shade and full of flowers is impacted and caressed by the river.Here, Beethoven spent his first twenty years; here, the dream in his youthful mind was formed—on the grassland lazily blowing the water, the poplars shrouded in mist, the dense bushes, Willows and fruit trees, dipping their roots in the silent and swift current,--and villages, churches, and cemeteries, looking down the banks with lazily curious eyes--far off, the blue seven The peak draws a grim silhouette against the sky, and on it stands the ruined castle, showing the lean and eccentric outlines of some famous people.His heart is eternally loyal to this hometown; until the end of his life, he always wanted to see his hometown again but failed to do so. "My hometown, the beautiful place where I was born, is always so beautiful and bright before my eyes, just like when I left it." Geller book.

The Great Revolution broke out, flooded all of Europe, and occupied Beethoven's heart.The University of Bonn is a focal point for new ideas.On May 14, 1789, Beethoven signed up for a lecture on German literature by the famous Erloge Schneider, the future prosecutor of the Lower Rhine state.When Bonn learned of the fall of the Bastille, Schneider recited an impassioned poem from the pulpit, arousing the students' intoxicated enthusiasm.The beginning of the poem is: "The iron chain of despotism cut off... the happy nation! According to Schneider, born in Bavaria, he was the leader of the Jacobin Party in Strasbourg. Guillotine. In the list of pre-orders, A’s previous works must be pre-ordered when they are printed. Due to the small number of prints, it is not easy to buy after publication. We can see the names of Beethoven and Breuning.

In November 1792, when the war spread to Bonn, A refers to the war launched by Austria to aid the French royal family after the French Revolution.Beethoven left his hometown and lived in Vienna, the musical capital of Germany.In the spring of 1787, he made a short trip to Vienna and met Mozart, but he did not seem to pay much attention to Beethoven. —Haydn, whom he met in Bonn in 1790, had taught him some lessons.Beethoven also worshiped Albrechtsberg (. JGALbrechtsberger, 1736-1809) and Salieri (Antonio Salieri, 1750-1825) as teachers.On the way he met the Hessian army heading for France. According to A, Hesse was one of the three Germanic federations at that time, which were later incorporated into the German Confederation.Undoubtedly inspired by patriotism, in 1796 and 1972 he composed Friberg's war poems to music: one is "March Song"; The Germans".But in vain did he glorify the enemies of the Revolution: the Revolution had conquered the world, conquered Beethoven.From 1798, although the relationship between Austria and France was very tense, Beethoven still had close contacts with the French, with the embassy, ​​and with Bernadotte who had just arrived in Vienna.Around Bayesian, there is also the violinist Rudolph Kreutzer (Rodolphe Kreutzer, 1766-1831), that is, Beethoven later gave him the famous sonata title. A According to Bayesian as Marshal of France, he made outstanding military exploits during the Great Revolution; he later became an enemy of Napoleon and colluded with the British and Austrian countries.In those conversations his republican sentiments became more and more affirmed, and in his later life we ​​see a more vigorous development of this sentiment.