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Chapter 3 I read a small book and a big book at the same time

autobiography 沈从文 8127Words 2018-03-16
I can correctly remember everything about my childhood, when I was about two years old. From my childhood to about four years old, I was always healthy and fat like a little dolphin. When I was four years old, my mother told me to recognize Fangzi, and my grandmother gave me candies , when I finished reading the 600 words, roundworms were born in my stomach, making me yellow and thin, so I had to steam chicken livers with herbs for meals. At that time, I followed my two sisters and went to school with a female teacher. Since she is my relative, and I am so young, when I go to study there, I spend less time sitting at the desk reading, and more time sitting on her lap to play.

When I was six years old, my younger brother Fang was two years old, and both of them developed rashes at the same time. It was June, and I suffered from the frightening high fever day and night. I couldn't lie down and sleep, and coughed and wheezed when I lay down. I didn't want to be hugged, My whole body was uncomfortable when I hugged it. I still remember that my younger brother and I rolled them with bamboo mats, just like spring rolls, and stood them up in the shade of the house. The family had prepared two small coffins for us at that time, and placed them in the Corridor. Luckily, both of them recovered when they arrived. After my younger brother got sick, his family specially invited a strong and tall Miao lady to take care of him. If he was well taken care of, he became very strong. I was sick because of this, but completely changed. After losing his appearance, he no longer has the predestined relationship with obesity, and has become a little monkey spirit.

When I was six years old, I went to a private school alone. Like the general trend, I still got a share of the abuse that the old school teachers gave children in the private school. But when I first went to school, because I already knew a lot of words at home, my memory I seemed to be very good when I was young, so I was very lucky compared to other children. After the second year, I changed to a private school. In this private school, I followed a few older students and learned how naughty children resist stubborn teachers and avoid those books. Boring sentences to get close to all nature. This year’s life formed the foundation of my character and feelings throughout my life. I played truant from time to time, and told lies again and again to cover up the punishment I deserved for truancy. My father was very angry because of this incident , once even said that if I played truant again and told lies, I would cut off a finger of mine. I was still not intimidated by this strict warning, and I never let go of the opportunity to play truant when the opportunity came. When I learned to use myself When I see everything in the world with my eyes and live in a different society, school has no interest for me at all.

My father usually loves me very much, and I used to be the central figure of my family for a while. When I was a little sick, the whole family would sleep with their eyes closed and serve me by the bedside. I stretched out my hand. At that time, the financial situation at home was good, and what I enjoyed in terms of material things seemed to be much better than that of ordinary relatives and children. He seems to have realized that I am not a soldier, and he does not want me to be a general, but he told my grandfather many brave and glorious stories, as well as an experience he gained during the Gengzi period. , he only wanted me to learn opera and be Tan Xinpei. He thought that no matter what I did, I should be higher than being a general. The first person who praised my Minghui was my father. But when he found out that I was running away from school all day long When I went out to hang out with a group of hooligans under the sun, nothing could restrain this little heart, and it couldn't stop me from lying cunningly. My behavior really hurt the heart of this soldier. At the same time, my brother who was four years younger than me , because Mrs. Miao who took care of him was very good at taking care of him, her body was very strong and unusually strong, even though she was young, she looked magnificent, calm and strong, and she was very self-respecting and self-loving, so when my family was disappointed with me, they were very concerned about him Get up. This kid did not disappoint the expectations of his family. He became a colonel of the infantry at the age of 22. As for my father, he was in the army of Mongolia, Northeast China, and Tibet. In the 20th year of the Republic of China When he was just a colonel, he worked as a military doctor in the local aboriginal army (later changed to the director of the traditional Chinese medicine hospital). He left the hope of the general on his younger brother, and died from a very mild disease in his hometown.

I have the freedom outside, but my love reaction at home is restrained everywhere. Therefore, when my family neglects my life, it seems to make it easier for me. Lead me to escape from school, and let me go to the sun to get to know them. The subtle light, strange colors, and movement of all things in the great world, this man is my cousin Zhang. He began to take me to play in the orange pomelo garden at his home, to the mountains outside the city, to various places. He taught me to lie, to use one kind of lie against the family, and another kind of lie against the school, luring me to run away with him. Even if I didn't play truant, In order to worry about the students going to the river to take a bath, the school routinely writes a big character with a red pen in each person's left hand when school is over at noon. We can still hold our hands high and soak our bodies in the river for a long time. Cousin can figure it out. My emotions are flowing but not solidified, and the impact of a school of clear waves is really not small. Most of my beautiful life when I was young was inseparable from water. My school can be said to be by the water .I know beauty, learn to think, and water has a great relationship with me. The first time I got close to water was that ridiculous cousin's tie.

Speaking now, when I was a child, I was not a child who had no sense of self-respect. I was not stupid. At that time, among a group of cousins ​​and brothers, only my brother seemed to be smarter than me, but I was smarter than me. All other children are sensible. But since that cousin taught me to play truant, I have become a person without self-respect. Under the control of various teachings and methods, I don't like the disposition of reading. From the perspective of teachers and family, From the perspective of relatives, there is no hope for me. My strengths are just all kinds of lies at that time. I must escape from school and go to the outside air. After playing truant, I have to escape punishment. I learned first, and at the same time To use it, is to create all kinds of lies based on various experiences. My heart must always beat for a new sound, a new color, a new smell. I must know a life other than my own. My wisdom should start from Absorb and digest directly in life, but don't need to learn from a good book or a good word. It seems that there is only one reason. In the school, I recorded more points for playing truant than anyone else at that time.

When I left a private school and transferred to a new-style primary school, I always learned things other than school. When I went out to support myself, I never learned anything well in my job. After I was twenty years old, I was not satisfied with the current affairs, but I was enamored of the present world. For everything He is very skeptical of established practices and concepts, but he often stares at the prospect of life. The formation of this character should be traced back to the habit of playing truant in private schools when he was young. Since playing truant has become a habit, I no longer care about anything but trying to play truant.

Sometimes when the weather is bad, it’s inconvenient to go out of the city to play in the mountains, and there’s nothing to do if I play truant, so I go to the temple outside the city alone. There are about 30 large local buildings outside the city, and apart from the temple, there are guild halls and ancestral halls. The open space is vast, so they are all used by small handicraft workers. In those temples, there are always people twisting ropes, weaving bamboo mats, and making incense under the porch in front of the temple. I just watch them do things. Some people play chess, and I watch chess. I watched boxing and even swearing at each other, I also watched how they scolded and scolded, and the result. Because I played truant, there must be no acquaintances wherever I go, and I must go to a temple far away. When I get there, I have no acquaintances, so I have to listen to everything with my ears and see with my eyes, until there is nothing to see or hear, then I should devise a way to figure out how to get home.

I have to take a book basket to and from school. There are more than a dozen broken books in it, from "Baoju Magazine", "Youth Learning Qionglin" to ,, "Shangshu", which usually have to be recited, and the weight is quite heavy. Hanging the book-basket on the elbow is a bit stupid. Anyone who does that is not a bright boy. Many of these children, because they play truant, are recognized at a glance, and they are older. When people see it, they will say: If you play truant, run home and get beaten, don't play here. If you don't have a book basket, you don't need to receive this kind of lesson. So we came up with a way to deposit the book basket in a There is no one guarding the place, but no one needs to worry about his book basket. The children have no lack of necessary awe for the god of the land, so they trust this puppet and hide the book basket well in the shrine. There are often five or eight at the same time, but everyone will take away their own, and no one will mess with other people's things. I put the book basket there, the number of times I can't remember , as far as I think, the one who puts the most must be me.

When the failure to play truant is found out by either the home school or the school, the two sides will always be beaten up. The school has to move the bench to the Confucius tablet and lie on it to be flogged. After the punishment, it is necessary to bow to the Confucius tablet To express repentance. Sometimes I was often punished to kneel down to a stick of incense. While I was punished to kneel in a corner of the room, I remembered all kinds of things. My imagination was like having a pair of wings, and I flew to all kinds of moving things based on experience. .According to the cold and warm weather, think of the situation of the mandarin fish in the river being fished out of the water, the situation of kites flying in the sky, the singing orioles in the empty mountains, and the fruits on the trees. Because it is easiest to be fascinated by various On the contrary, I often forget the pain of punishment and the time of punishment until I am aroused. I have never felt a little wronged when I was punished. It is not wronged. I should be grateful for that kind of punishment, which made me When you can't get close to nature, give me a chance to practice imagination.

As usual, the family didn't understand the situation very well, and thought it was just the fault of the teacher who was too lenient, so they changed another teacher for me. Of course, I can't have any objections to these changes. I am grateful to my family, because the previous school was relatively close. Although I often took a detour to go to school, it was not a solution, and because the detour was too far, there was no excuse for delaying the time for too long. The current school is really far away. , without detouring side streets, I should have passed many interesting places. When I went from my home to the new school, I could always see an old man wearing a huge hat in front of the needle shop. Glasses, lower your head to grind needles there. You can also see an umbrella shop with the door open. When making umbrellas, more than a dozen apprentices work together, which is appreciated by everyone. There is also a leather boot shop, a big fat cobbler, who is always shy when the weather is hot. There is a big and black belly (with a tuft of hair on it!) with plywood shoes. There is also a barber's shop, in any season, there is always a small wooden tray in hand, and the barber is there to shave the face. It can be seen again. When I went to a dyeing workshop, there were strong and powerful Miao people, kicking on the concave stone mill, standing tall, holding on to the crossbar on the wall, swinging from left to right. There were also three workshops where Miao people made tofu, The Miao woman with a small waist and white teeth wrapped in a flower handkerchief sang softly all the time, while teasing the little Miao man who was tied in the backpack behind her, while scooping soybean milk with a shining red copper spoon. I still have to go through A bean flour workshop, you can hear the sound of mules grinding the grinder from a distance, and the white vermicelli is hanging on the roof shelf. I have to pass some butchers' butcher tables, and I can see the fresh pork chopping and dancing .I still have to pass a shop that rents sedan chairs with ghost tools. There are white-faced impermanent ghosts, blue-faced Yama kings, fish-dragon sedan chairs, golden boys and jade girls. Every day, you can see from him how many people are getting married and how many ghost tools are there. How much have those custom-made works achieved, and what styles have been changed. And I often stop to watch them apply gold, powder, and color, standing for a long time. I enjoyed watching those things, and understood many things while watching them. Every day when I go to school, I hang the bamboo book basket on my elbow as usual, and put more than a dozen broken books in it. Although I dare not not wear shoes at home, as soon as I step out of the gate, I take off my shoes and take them to my hands. Going to the school. Anyway, there is always extra time, so I have to take a detour to play. If you walk from the west side, you can see the prison from there. In the early morning, some prisoners put on shackles from that side. After coming out of the prison, I sent the yamen to dig the soil. If you pass by the murder place, the body of the person killed yesterday has not yet been collected, and the body must have been crushed by wild dogs or dragged into the creek. Go over and have a look For the broken corpse, pick up a small stone and hit it on the filthy head, or poke it with a wooden stick to see if it will not move. If there are wild dogs fighting there, pick it up in advance. Put many stones in the book basket, throw them at the wild dogs one by one, don't go past, just look at it from a distance, and then walk away. Now that we are at the edge of the stream, sometimes there is a small amount of water in the stream, I roll up my trousers, put the book basket on my head, hold my trousers with one hand, and take care of my trousers with the other hand, in the stream flowing along the root of the city. Walk until the water is knee-deep. The school is at the north gate, and I exit the west gate, then enter the south gate, and then walk around the main street in the city. I can also watch cattle slaughtering on the river beach at the south gate. The chance is good. At that time, I happened to see the situation of the honest and poor animal being laid down. Because I can see a little bit every day, and the procedure of slaughtering the cow and the location of the internal organs of the cow will be completely clear to me soon. In the mat shop, at any time of the day, there are a few old people sitting on the small stools in front of the door, breaking the bamboo with thick-backed steel knives, and two children squatting on the ground to weave mats. (I know nothing about this craft. It seems to be better than writing now.) There is also a blacksmith's shop, the iron furnace and the bellows occupy the house, the door is always open, even if the time is earlier, you can see a child Pulling the horizontal handle of the bellows with one hand, tilting the weight of the whole body forward and backward, the bellows made a continuous roar, and a puff of smelly smoke and red light came out from the stove. When the red hot iron was pulled out and placed on the iron When it was on the anvil, the little thing quickly swung the thin-handled hammer, raised the hammer from behind, and fell in front of him, hitting it again and again with sparks flying everywhere. Sometimes it hit a knife, sometimes it hit a knife. A farm tool. Sometimes the little apprentice is seen straddling a large bench, using a chisel to remove the iron sheet on an untempered knife, and sometimes inserting a thin steel piece into the wrought iron Go. As time goes by, I will not be mistaken about the manufacturing process of any piece of ironware. There is a small restaurant on the side street, and there is a big bamboo tube in front of the door, filled with chopsticks made of bamboo. There are dried fish It is the same as sauerkraut, filled with bowls and placed on the counter in front of the door to lure customers to come to the door. The meaning seems to be to say, eat me, eat me casually, it is delicious! Every time I always take a closer look, it is really the so-called butchering and chewing , too addicted. I like the rain the most. When it rains lightly, if I am wearing cloth shoes, even if it is the twelfth lunar month, I can use the excuse that I am afraid that my shoes and socks will get wet. I have a reason to take off my shoes and socks and walk barefoot on the street. Walking. But the most pleasant thing is that after the heavy rain, many parts of the street have been flooded with water, and water gushed out of the gutters in many places. As usual in these places, people often cannot pass, but I deliberately Go to the deep water. If the river is flooded, as usual there will be logs, furniture, pumpkins and other things drifting upstream, so hurry to the bridge across the river to watch the fun. There must be someone on the bridge with a long rope My own waist, stay on the bridge head, watch the water, and wait for something. When I see a piece of big tree or something worth diving into the water, I will jump up and ride on the tree, or get close to the object. , tied the rope, and swam quickly to the downstream bank. After the other people on the bank helped the people in the water ashore, they pulled the rope or wrapped it around the big rock and the big tree. The second time, a second person came to wait on the bridge. I like to see people pulling ropes in the whirling water, and palm-sized live crucian carp jumping in the net. Once the water rises, as usual, I can watch such interesting things .According to the family rules, you have to wear spiked shoes when it rains. I really don’t want to wear those bulky spiked shoes. Although the sound of spiked shoes is really nice when someone passes by in the middle of the night, I still have no idea about spiked shoes in broad daylight. interest. If there is a little rain in April, the sound of crickets can be heard everywhere in the fields and fields in the mountains, which really makes people happy. In these seasons, I feel that school is really boring, and I can't sit still. I have to try to skip school and go up the mountain to catch crickets. Sometimes there is nothing to put this little thing on, so I go there, catch the first one, and then catch the second one. After I have one in each hand, I listen to the third one. The local crickets are divided into two seasons, spring and autumn. Most of them are in the mud and grass in the field, and most of them are in the rubble in the rocks near people's houses in autumn. Now since this thing is only in the mud layer, even if there is a small thing in each palm, I can still find ways to get it out. Drive the third one out of the soil to see if it is bigger than the one in your hand, then release everything in your hand and catch new ones, and so on in turn, and only two small insects were caught in the whole day. There was white cooking smoke on the top of the city. , there was the sound of bells ringing and selling kerosene in the streets and alleys. At about three o'clock in the afternoon, I hurried to an old carpenter who carved a pattern, and said to the carpenter very excitedly: "Master, master, the king has been arrested today." The carpenter deliberately pretended to be indifferent, still sitting on the high stool and playing with his car, without looking at me, and said: No, no, we have to bet to win or lose! Can you sharpen a knife? Hey, that's enough. I don't want you to sharpen a knife. How can you sharpen a knife? Last time I sharpened a chisel, I broke my guy! It's not wronging me, I did wear out his chisel last time I'm sorry to talk about sharpening knives again, so I said: Master, in this way, you can lend me a clay pot and let me try these two by myself, who can do better? I was so kind when I said this. What is more important is that he waits for work with ease, if I do not allow it, there is still nothing I can do. The carpenter thought for a while, as if he had no choice but to give in. To borrow a basin, he had to give me the defeated one as rent. I agreed wholeheartedly: That's all, that's all. So he left the cart and borrowed it generously. Give me a clay pot, and in no time I will only have one cricket left. The carpenter sees that the insects I caught are not bad, so he will propose to me: Let's compete. If you win, I will lend you this clay pot One day, you lost, and you gave me the cricket. Is it fair or not? I was in need of such a way, even if it was fair, so the carpenter went in for a while, and took out a cricket to fight me, needless to say , After three or five rounds, I naturally lost again. As usual, his crickets were often the ones I lost to him the day before. The carpenter saw that I was a little depressed, knew that I knew the little horse, and was worried that I would fall when I was angry. I hurriedly cleaned up the pots and pots, and said with a smile of encouragement: Brother, brother, come back tomorrow, come back tomorrow! You should catch the good ones and go far away. Come tomorrow, come tomorrow! I will not say anything, Smiling, he went out of the carpenter's gate and went home. Such a whole day of running around on fields softened by rainwater, and often returning home covered in mud, of course the family knew it at a glance, so needless to say, following the old practice, I knelt down a piece of incense and was fined to be locked up in an empty house. Crying, not allowed to eat. After a while, I can naturally get something to satisfy my hunger from my sister. After eating the food quietly, I am also tired, so even if it is colder in the empty room, there are many mice coming and going, and I will fall asleep in a while. Don't know how to get into bed anymore. Even though I was so tortured at home, and I couldn't avoid being beaten when I went to school, I still skipped school when I wanted to, and I would never be intimidated by punishment. Sometimes playing truant is just going to the mountains to steal plums and loquats from other people's homes. When the master chases after him with a long bamboo pole and yells at him, he runs away and fled to a distance while eating the stolen goods and singing folk songs at the same time. That master. In short, although he is small, he can run very fast on two feet, and he doesn't care about getting into a barracks. If he wants to catch me, I can't catch him. I think this kind of thing is more interesting than the games in school. But as long as I don't play truant, I won't be punished like those other people in school. I never study hard, but I never can't deal with it when it should be recited. Many books always come and read ten or eight times. It seems that because of this little cleverness, the school treats me like ordinary classmates, which makes me despise the school. My family doesn't understand why I don't want to make progress, and I don't make good use of my intelligence to study hard. , I don’t understand why my family only wants me to read and not let me play. I always think that reading is too easy, and it’s not unusual to memorize the words I know. The strangest thing should be those other people. Why do mules cover their eyes when they grind a mill? Why do knives harden when they are hot in salt water? So thin and how to make it? Why would a small coppersmith drill such a round hole on a piece of copper plate, engraving it neatly all the time? There are too many strange things. My life is full of questions, and I have to find the answers myself. I want to know too much, and I know too little, and sometimes I feel a little worried. Just because I am too wild in the daytime, looking everywhere, looking at each other. I listened and sniffed everywhere, the smell of dead snakes, rotting grass, butchers, and the smell of earthen kilns where the bowls were burned after the rain. It is very easy for me to distinguish. The sound of bats, the sigh of a cattle when the butcher puts a knife into its throat, the sound of a big yellow-throated snake hidden in a cave in the field, the slight sound of fish slapping on the water surface in the dark, It’s all because of the different weights when it reaches my ears, and I remember it so clearly. So when I got home, I had countless weird dreams at night. Often the dream flew to the sky, until the golden light shone, and finally it was big. Wake up. These dreams, until now, nearly twenty years later, often keep me awake in the middle of the night, not only bringing me back to the emptiness of the past, but also taking me to the empty universe. The world in front of me is wide enough, but I seem to need a wider world. I have to use the knowledge I have acquired to prove the doubts of the other. I have to know who is good and who is bad by comparison. I have to see A lot of new things and new things in the world have been felt because of asking others and fantasizing about myself. As a result, I skipped school when I could skip school, and I had no choice but to dream if I couldn’t skip school. According to the local customs, a child who is wild must also be strong before he can run around. Because whenever you leave the city, something will suddenly rush at you, or a ferocious dog. Or a stubborn person. Unable to resist this attack, it is not easy to go around freely. A wild child, even if he does not have to carry a knife at all times, he must always carry a scraped piece of bamboo. When the opportunity comes, take it out and use it as a weapon. Especially when you go to a place far away from home to watch a puppet show, it is impossible not to prepare for a fight. You can do it, go everywhere alone , when someone challenges you, just one person will come close to you to fight fiercely. If there are too many urchins around you, you can still choose a person who is not much different from your energy. You may wish to designate one of them and say: Do you want to fight? You Come. I'll come with you. According to the rules, only that one person will come around. If he knocks you down, you deserve it, so you have to lie on the ground and let him press you down and beat him up. If you knock him down, he deserves it. Beat him up After enough, you can walk freely, no one will chase you, just say to come back next time. But if you are very cowardly at heart, even if you go with a group, when you go somewhere, someone will pick you out to fight, you will suffer if you challenge, and you will be ridiculed by both the enemy and your companion if you don't agree. Economic thanks to my father for giving me courage. Although I am a small person, I am not afraid to go anywhere. When I am surrounded by people and have to fight, I can pick out those who are not much different from me. My Agile and witty, I always have the upper hand. Sometimes I am unlucky, and if I accidentally fall down, I will have a way to turn over and crush others. In this matter, I only suffered a loss once, no A child, but a vicious dog, after it overwhelmed me, bit my hand. I am not afraid of anyone wherever I go. At the same time, because I have changed many private schools, there are some classmates everywhere, and everyone is familiar with it. If I skipped school, I would have countless friends, so I would not fight with others. But since I was attacked by that vicious dog once, until now, I am still very afraid of dogs. As for the grown-ups in my area, it's not a big deal to fight on the street with a single-handed pole. When it happened, the mothers who had children playing in the street just said: Little bastard, stand far away, don't get too close! Just ask the children to stand back a little bit. Although it is not unusual for the local soldiers to kill each other, it is not unusual to assassinate and plot. Such people who are good at fighting include people in the military camp, some are the youngest in the elder brother's meeting, and some are easy to fight. Idlers form another group in the local area. They are open-minded, humble, avenging their friends, loving and charitable, and most of them are very filial. But these kind of people were cultivated by the times, and they gradually disappeared after the Five Years of the Republic of China. Although some young officers still retain that bit of style, the most important point of style is free and easy, but because of the influence of military discipline, they are not as good as their predecessors. I have three cousins ​​and two aunts who live in the countryside south of the city, about forty miles away from the city. The place is called Huangluozhai, and there are strong people and fierce beasts. When my father was three years old, it was almost dangerous there. Bitten by a tiger. I was about four years old, and on the first day I went there, I saw four countrymen carrying a dead tiger into the city, which left a deep impression on me. I also have a cousin who lives in the countryside of Changningshao, ten miles north of the city, and Miao Township is about ten miles away. My cousin is a man with a purple face, a soldier guarding a bunker. I was killed when I was four years old. He took it to the country for three days, and twenty years later he still remembered the sound of the horns in the little castle at dusk. This soldier has a bit of prestige in Miao Township, and he can call out some Miao people. Every time he comes to the city, he will bring me a small game cock or something else. Whenever he comes to tell me the stories of Miao people, I always don’t want to leave Let him go. I like him, and find him more capable and interesting than my country uncle.
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