Chapter 15 Everyman

... Liang: The knowledge of the ancient Indians was not in the oral or mental, or human consciousness, that’s not the case.The foundation of its learning is to fundamentally change people's lives.It is not a kind of empty talk in the mind, the mouth.They call it Yoga, which translates to "Yoga" in Chinese.Each sect in India has its own "yoga", similar but different.They are different, but there are still similarities, because they are similar.What is it?It is what they say, to be liberated from the worldly life, to be liberated, to make people change fundamentally, and to no longer be an ordinary person. This is what they call "certification and fruit"-certification is certification, and fruit is the result.Therefore, each school in India has its own proofs and results, which are very similar but different.

For example, according to me, I stand from the standpoint of Buddhism. I think that Buddhism has not gone into deviations in the realization of fruition, and has always reached the highest liberation.What is the highest liberation?It is becoming a Buddha.Therefore, Buddhist books and Buddhist scriptures are different from those written by our own ideology. They have very real things, and real things are real changes in life.That person is no longer a human being, and that person has reached the highest level, that is, he has become a Buddha.From the lower level to the highest level, it is divided into ten levels. This level is called a land, which is the land of the land, and the ten lands are the ten classes.There is "Lun" in Buddhist scriptures—the "Lun" of discussion—there is a very famous and important book called "Yogi Land Lun", which has as many as one hundred volumes, and it is about becoming a Buddha.To do this kung fu, to do yoga kung fu, people who do yoga are called yogis, and yogis are from low to high, one level at a time, and their status is different, so it is called "Yogi Lands". There are ten grounds in total.When you reach the eighth ground—a total of ten grounds—even if you are a bodhisattva, the eighth ground bodhisattva will become a Buddha at the tenth ground.Didn't I say yesterday that "precepts, samadhi, and wisdom"?

Ai: Yes. Liang: You must keep the precepts and observe the precepts before you can enter samadhi, and only then can wisdom be born from samadhi.These are three things, usually referred to as the six paramitas, and the six paramitas are three things in addition to these three things.There are three more things in this, and one is called giving. Giving means that you can give anything to others without reservation.Giving is the same, and there is another one called diligence. The sixth is Prajna, which together are the six paramitas (Mr. "Omission, but wisdom, that is, "Prajna", is repeated--the arranger).You must practice the six paramitas, and then your life can change, so that a fundamental change can be achieved.After the fundamental change reaches the eighth level—it is one level after another, which is the eighth level in the "Yogi's Land Treatise" - one can become a Bodhisattva, and the tenth level can become a Buddha.The above words boil down to this meaning, that is to say, the most important thing in Buddhism is to bring about changes in one's own life, or call it the improvement of life, not an empty theory.

We are now back to talking about Mr. Bear.Where did Mr. Xiong go wrong? He is an ordinary person, an ordinary person, this is called "ordinary people" in China, and "ordinary people" are ordinary people.He has never done this kind of practical self-cultivation, so it is not acceptable for him to discuss other people's kung fu.It will be pointed out below that the knowledge of Buddhism, that is, yogis, came into being from yogis; Mr. Xiong is an ordinary person, a layman, and he wants to reform the knowledge-only theory, so his new theory of consciousness-only On the one hand, he also adopted some things from ancient Indians, but he also mixed a lot of his own opinions to transform it.I think this thing is nonsense.But I have already invited him from Nanjing to Peking University, so there is no other way. If he wants to give lectures on New Consciousness-only Theory, let him do the lectures.That's the end of this question.Incidentally, Mr. Xiong has a very good relationship with my friends, because he is very cheerful, he likes to talk loudly, he likes to laugh, and sometimes he loses his temper, but because he is very cheerful, so The relationship between friends is still very good.This is the end of this issue, we can talk about other issues.

Ai: There is a question I asked yesterday, and I haven't finished it yet.I have asked you about the general role of Mou Zongsan and Tang Junyi in Hong Kong. You think they have contributed to the development of Confucianism. Basically, you think Mr. Tang Junyi’s works are acceptable, and you agree. (Liang: Right.) So is there anyone who has written books on Confucianism in recent decades that you would also appreciate? Liang: It seems that Feng Youlan was mentioned yesterday. (Ai: Well, you mentioned it. You mentioned Feng Youlan.) But Feng Youlan wrote books, including Confucianism, about ancient Chinese academics, so I don’t remember him as a person. For the better, that is what he is.

Ai: This question is about yourself. Your works are highly respected by Chinese and foreign academic circles. Among your works, which one do you cherish the most? Are there any... Liang: There are still unpublished ones. Ai: Oh, it hasn't been published yet, it's just... Liang: "People's Heart and Life" ("Human Heart and Life" was published in 1984, four years after this conversation - the editor). "Human Heart and Life" is the most complete, my... Ai: Are there any works that you think are outdated?that is…… Liang: Like "Eastern and Eastern Cultures and Their Philosophy", some of them are outdated.

Ai: Some of them are outdated, but the whole thing is not outdated, that is, the interpretation of Confucianism you mentioned is to take some concepts of Confucius and Mencius and put them... Liang: If the explanation is superficial, it is a mistake if it is superficial. Ai: Among the published books, your favorite is... Liang: The one that has been published and is appropriate is "The Essentials of Chinese Culture". Ai: I have already asked this question.I would like to ask again, that is, you have reached an advanced age and your body is particularly healthy. What is the reason for this?

Liang: A person's body is the foundation, and the mind and spirit are still based on this foundation, and the body is also the foundation, so I am not physically sick now, and although I am old, my spirit is still similar.But I also know very well that it is far from before.Where is the difference?It's easy to forget, and I can't remember things, as if I have them in my mind.I want to talk about a modern Chinese philosopher. I admire this person who studied in the United States, but I can’t say his name out of my mouth. Ai: This kind of thing often happens even at my age. Liang: Let me tell you a small thing, a small story.It seems that the American capitalists donated a large sum of money to build a large hospital in China (referring to the Xiehe Hospital—the Organizer), and also did other good things, and established a committee.There is a Dr. Meng You in the Chinese translation of the committee. I can’t say the English name. Meng of Mencius, Dr. Meng You (Ai: Oh, I see.) He is the chairman of the committee, and all famous Chinese scholars are invited to participate in this conference. committee.There are two Chinese scholars, one is Hu Shi, and the other is, I can't say his name now, but I still know this person clearly in my head, and I can still imagine his appearance.This person is a philosopher, a very interesting person (referring to Mr. Jin Yuelin - the organizer).He and Hu Shi also know each other, but Hu Shi is at Peking University. The gentleman mentioned just now is not at Peking University, but at the Institute of Philosophy, which belongs to the Academy of Sciences.On this day, a meeting was held in Union Medical College Hospital, and Dr. Meng You presided over the meeting. Both Chinese and foreigners arrived.Hu Shi said to this friend: "I wrote an article, have you read it?" The friend said: "I have read it, it is very good."Then I wanted to ask: "What do you think? You said it was very good?" He said: "The article is very good, but it's a pity that you missed a word." Hu Shi hurriedly asked: "What sentence?" He said: " Don’t say a word like ‘I am a layman in philosophy’.” (Ai laughs) What did Hu Shi say in this article?He said: "What is philosophy? In my opinion, philosophy is bad science, or bad science."